Title of the invention: Battery balancing device and battery pack including the same
Technical field
[One]
The present invention relates to a technique for balancing the state of charge of a plurality of batteries.
[2]
This application is a priority claim application for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0000896 filed on January 03, 2019, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the application are incorporated herein by reference.
Background
[3]
In recent years, as the demand for portable electronic products such as notebook computers, video cameras, portable telephones, etc. is rapidly increasing, and development of electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, satellites, etc., There is an active research on the Korean market.
[4]
Currently commercialized batteries include nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydride batteries, nickel zinc batteries, and lithium batteries, among which lithium batteries have little memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries, so charging and discharging are free and self-discharge rate is very high. It is in the spotlight for its low energy density and high energy density.
[5]
BACKGROUND ART As high output is required in recent electric vehicles, etc., a battery pack mounted therein includes a plurality of battery modules, and each battery module generally includes a plurality of batteries connected in series with each other. However, as the charging and discharging of the battery pack is repeated, an imbalance occurs in the state of charge between the batteries. If the battery pack is continuously charged and discharged without suppressing such an imbalance, not only the usable capacity of the battery pack decreases, but also the deterioration of the batteries included therein is accelerated.
[6]
Patent Document 1 as a prior art for solving the above problem uniformizes the state of charge between the batteries by forcibly discharging the ones having a relatively high state of charge among the batteries. However, as shown in Fig. 2 of Patent Document 1, a balancing circuit including a plurality of batteries and the same number of resistance elements is essentially required. Therefore, the overall size of the battery pack is inevitably increased. In addition, it is desirable to add a heat dissipation structure in the battery pack in preparation for a situation in which a large amount of heat is rapidly released when balancing for a plurality of batteries is performed at the same time, but there is a space limitation.
[7]
(Patent Document 1) Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2015-0089627
Detailed description of the invention
Technical challenge
[8]
The present invention is conceived to solve the above problems, and includes a battery balancing device capable of selectively discharging each battery using a number of resistance elements less than the number of batteries mounted in the battery pack, and Its purpose is to provide a battery pack that can be used.
[9]
In addition, according to the voltage of each battery determined as a balancing object, a single resistance element, a series circuit of two resistance elements, or a parallel circuit of two resistance elements can be connected in parallel to a balancing object, and a battery pack including the same is provided. It aims to do.
[10]
Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood by the following description, and will be more clearly understood by examples of the present invention. In addition, it will be easily understood that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by means of the claims and combinations thereof.
Means of solving the task
[11]
A battery balancing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a detection unit configured to output a first voltage signal indicating voltages of each of a plurality of batteries included in a first battery group; A first selection unit configured to selectively electrically connect each of the plurality of batteries included in the first battery group between a first node and a second node; A first resistance element, a second resistance element, a series circuit of the first resistance element and the second resistance element, or a parallel circuit of the first resistance element and the second resistance element, of the first node and the second node. A resistance adjusting unit configured to selectively electrically connect between; And a control unit operatively coupled to the detection unit, the first selection unit, and the resistance adjustment unit. The controller is configured to determine at least one of the plurality of batteries included in the first battery group as a first balancing target based on the first voltage signal. The first selection unit is configured to electrically connect the first balancing target between the first node and the second node. The control unit is configured to control the resistance adjusting unit based on a first voltage difference between the voltage of the first balancing target and a reference voltage.
[12]
One end of the first resistance element may be electrically connected to the first node. One end of the second resistance element may be electrically connected to the second node. The resistance control unit may include a first switch connected between the other end of the first resistance element and the second node; And a second switch connected between the other end of the second resistance element and the first node.
[13]
The resistance of the first resistance element may be greater than that of the second resistance element. When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to a first threshold voltage and less than a second threshold voltage, the control unit may configure the first switch so that the first resistance element is electrically connected between the first node and the second node. It may be configured to turn on and turn off the second switch.
[14]
The resistance of the first resistance element may be greater than that of the second resistance element. The control unit, when the first voltage difference is equal to or greater than the second threshold voltage and less than the third threshold voltage, the first switch so that the second resistance element is electrically connected between the first node and the second node May be configured to turn off and turn on the second switch.
[15]
When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to a third threshold voltage, the control unit turns on the first switch and the second switch so that the parallel circuit is electrically connected between the first node and the second node. Can be configured to
[16]
The resistance adjusting unit may further include a third switch connected between the other end of the first resistance element and the other end of the second resistance element. When the first voltage difference is less than a first threshold voltage, the control unit turns off the first switch and the second switch so that the series circuit is electrically connected between the first node and the second node. , May be configured to turn on the third switch.
[17]
One end of the first resistance element may be electrically connected to the first node. The resistance control unit may include a first switch connected between the other end of the first resistance element and the second node; A second switch connected between one end of the second resistance element and the second node; And a third switch connected between the other end of the second resistance element and the first node.
[18]
The resistance of the first resistance element may be greater than that of the second resistance element. When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to a first threshold voltage and less than a second threshold voltage, the control unit may configure the first switch so that the first resistance element is electrically connected between the first node and the second node. It may be configured to turn on and turn off at least one of the second switch and the third switch.
[19]
The resistance of the first resistance element may be greater than that of the second resistance element. The control unit, when the first voltage difference is equal to or greater than the second threshold voltage and less than a third threshold voltage, the second switch so that the second resistance element is electrically connected between the first node and the second node And turning on the third switch and turning off the first switch.
[20]
When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold voltage, the control unit comprises the first switch, the second switch, and the second node so that the parallel circuit is electrically connected between the first node and the second node. 3 can be configured to turn on the switch.
[21]
The battery balancing apparatus may further include a second selection unit configured to selectively electrically connect each of the plurality of batteries included in the second battery group between the third node and the fourth node. The detection unit may be configured to output a second voltage signal indicating voltages of each of the plurality of batteries included in the second battery group. The resistance adjusting unit may be configured to selectively electrically connect the first resistance element, the second resistance element, the parallel circuit, or the series circuit between the third node and the fourth node. The controller may be configured to determine at least one of the plurality of batteries included in the second battery group as a second balancing target based on the second voltage signal. The second selector may be configured to electrically connect the second balancing target between the third node and the fourth node.
[22]
One end of the first resistance element may be electrically connected to the first node. One end of the second resistance element may be electrically connected to the third node. The resistance control unit may include a first switch connected between the other end of the first resistance element and the second node; A second switch connected between the other end of the second resistance element and the fourth node; A third switch connected between the first node and the third node; A fourth switch connected between the other end of the second resistance element and the second node; A fifth switch connected between the other end of the first resistance element and the third node; And a sixth switch connected between the first node and the fourth node.
[23]
When the voltage of the first balancing target is higher than the voltage of the second balancing target, and the second voltage difference between the first balancing target and the second balancing target is less than a fourth threshold voltage, the series circuit is Turning on the fourth switch and the fifth switch so as to be electrically connected between the first node and the second node, and the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the sixth switch It can be configured to turn off.
[24]
When the voltage of the second balancing target is higher than the voltage of the first balancing target, and the second voltage difference between the first balancing target and the second balancing target is less than a fourth threshold voltage, the series circuit is Turning on the first switch, the fourth switch, and the sixth switch so as to be electrically connected between the third node and the fourth node, and the second switch, the third switch, and the fifth switch It can be configured to turn off.
[25]
A battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention includes the battery balancing device.
Effects of the Invention
[26]
According to at least one of the embodiments of the present invention, each battery may be selectively discharged using a number of resistance elements smaller than the number of batteries. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the overall size of the battery balancing device compared to the prior art in which a resistance element is required for each battery.
[27]
In addition, according to at least one of the embodiments of the present invention, a single resistance element, a series circuit of two resistance elements, or a parallel circuit of two resistance elements are connected in parallel to the balancing object according to the voltage of the battery determined as the balancing object, thereby balancing. It is possible to effectively manage the time required for operation, heat generation during balancing, and the accuracy of balancing.
[28]
The effects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects that are not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.
Brief description of the drawing
[29]
The following drawings appended to the present specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and serve to further understand the technical idea of ​​the present invention together with the detailed description of the present invention, which will be described later. It is limited to and should not be interpreted.
[30]
1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to the present invention.
[31]
2 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of each selection unit for the battery balancing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
[32]
3 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of each selection unit for a battery balancing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[33]
4 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a resistance adjusting unit for a battery balancing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
[34]
5 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a resistance adjusting unit for a battery balancing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[35]
6 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a resistance adjusting unit for a battery balancing device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Mode for carrying out the invention
[36]
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, and the inventors appropriately explain the concept of terms in order to explain their own invention in the best way Based on the principle that it can be defined, it should be interpreted as a meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of ​​the present invention.
[37]
In addition, in describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function may obscure the subject matter of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[38]
Terms including an ordinal number, such as first and second, are used for the purpose of distinguishing one of various elements from the others, and are not used to limit the elements by such terms.
[39]
Throughout the specification, when a certain part "includes" a certain component, it means that other components may be further included, rather than excluding other components unless specifically stated to the contrary. In addition, terms such as described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which may be implemented by hardware or software, or a combination of hardware and software.
[40]
In addition, throughout the specification, when a part is said to be "connected" with another part, it is not only "directly connected", but also "indirectly connected" with another element interposed therebetween. Includes.
[41]
1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a battery pack according to the present invention.
[42]
Referring to FIG. 1, the battery pack 10 includes a battery group 21 and a battery balancing device 100 (hereinafter, may be referred to as a “device”). The battery pack 10 may further include a battery group 22. The battery group 22 may be electrically connected to the battery group 21 in series.
[43]
The battery group 21 includes m batteries (m is a natural number of 2 or more), and is sequentially assigned symbols BA 1 to BA m . The plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m are electrically connected in series.
[44]
The battery group 22 includes n batteries (n is a natural number of 2 or more), and is sequentially assigned symbols BB 1 to BB n . The plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n are electrically connected in series. m and n may be different from each other or may be the same.
[45]
The state of charge of the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m is equalized by the device 100. The apparatus 100 includes a detection unit 110, a resistance element R 1 , a resistance element R 2 , a selection unit 121, a resistance adjustment unit 130, and a control unit 140.
[46]
The device 100 may further include a selection unit 122. The state of charge of the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n may be equalized by the device 100.
[47]
The resistance element R 1 and the resistance element R 2 may have the same or different resistances. For example, the resistance of the resistance element R 1 may be 0.05 Ω, and the resistance of the resistance element R 2 may be 0.01 Ω. The resistance element (R 1 ) and the resistance element (R 2 ) are individually or electrically combined with each other to be balanced among a plurality of batteries (BA 1 to BA m ) and/or a plurality of batteries (BB 1 to BB n ) It is provided to consume the electrical energy stored in each battery selected as.
[48]
The detection unit 110 may include a voltage detection circuit and optionally further include a temperature detection circuit. The voltage detection circuit may include at least one voltage sensor. The voltage detection circuit is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of each of the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m through a sensing line, thereby detecting the voltage of each of the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m at predetermined periods. Then, a voltage signal indicating the detected voltage may be transmitted to the controller 140. The voltage detection circuit is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of each of the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n through a sensing line, thereby detecting the voltage of each of the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n at a predetermined period. Then, a voltage signal indicating the detected voltage may be transmitted to the controller 140.
[49]
The selector 121 is configured to selectively electrically connect the positive terminals of each of the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m included in the battery group 21 to the node N 1 . The selection unit 121 is configured to selectively electrically connect negative terminals of each of the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m included in the battery group 21 to the node N 2 .
[50]
The selector 122 is configured to selectively electrically connect the positive terminals of each of the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n included in the battery group 22 to the node N 3 . The selector 122 is configured to selectively electrically connect negative terminals of each of the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n included in the battery group 22 to the node N 4 .
[51]
The resistance control unit 130 selectively electrically connects any one of a resistance element R 1 , a resistance element R 2 , a series circuit, and a parallel circuit between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . Is configured to The resistance control unit 130 selectively electrically connects any one of a resistance element R 1 , a resistance element R 2 , a series circuit, and a parallel circuit between the node N 3 and the node N 4 . It can be further configured to do.
[52]
The series circuit refers to a circuit in which the resistance element R 1 is electrically connected in series to the resistance element R 2 . The parallel circuit refers to a circuit in which the resistance element R 1 is electrically connected in parallel to the resistance element R 2 . Here, the resistance of the series circuit is greater than the resistance of each of the resistance element R 1 and the resistance element R 2 . The resistance of the parallel circuit is smaller than the resistance of each of the resistance element R 1 and the resistance element R 2 .
[53]
The control unit 140 is operatively coupled to the detection unit 110, the selection unit 121, and the resistance adjustment unit 130. The control unit 140 may be further operatively coupled to the selection unit 122.
[54]
The control unit 140 includes hardware, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and microprocessors. It may be implemented using at least one of (microprocessors) and electrical units for performing other functions. The control unit 140 may include a memory. The memory stores data, commands, and software required for the overall operation of the device 100, and includes a flash memory type, a hard disk type, and a solid state disk type. , SDD type (Silicon Disk Drive type), multimedia card micro type (multimedia card micro type), RAM (ramdom access memory), SRAM (static ramdom access memory), ROM (read-only memory (ROM)), EEPROM ( A storage medium of at least one type of electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) and programmable read-only memory (PROM) may be included.
[55]
The control unit 140 may receive the first voltage signal from the detection unit 110. In addition, the control unit 140 may further receive a second voltage signal from the detection unit 110. The first voltage signal may represent an open circuit voltage (OCV) of each of the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m . The second voltage signal may represent an open-circuit voltage of each of the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n .
[56]
The controller 140 may determine at least one of the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m as a balancing target based on the first voltage signal . Hereinafter, the balancing target determined from the battery group 21 may be referred to as a'first balancing target'.
[57]
Controller 140, a plurality of batteries (BA 1 ~ BA m ), each of the open-circuit voltage on the basis of, a pre-recorded in the memory a plurality of batteries from the OCV-SOC map (BA 1 ~ BA m ), each state of charge (SOC : State Of Charge) can be determined. The first balancing target includes a battery having a maximum open-circuit voltage (or a maximum charge state) among the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m . The first balancing target may further include at least one battery having an open-circuit voltage higher than the minimum open-circuit voltage of the battery group 21 from among the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m . The minimum open-circuit voltage of the battery group 21 is the smallest open-circuit voltage among open-circuit voltages of each of the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m . That is, a plurality of batteries (BA 1 ~ BA m), or two or more batteries connected in series adjacent to each other may be determined as the first balancing target.
[58]
For example, the predetermined set voltage is 0.01V, the minimum open voltage of the battery group 21 is 3.30V, the open voltage (maximum open voltage) of the battery BA 1 is 3.34V, the open voltage of the battery BA 2 Suppose that the open voltage of the battery (BA 3 ) is 3.33V, the open-circuit voltage of the battery (BA 3 ) is 3.32V, the open-circuit voltage of the battery (BA 4 ) is 3.305V, and the open-circuit voltage of the battery (BA 5 ) is 3.31V. In this case, the battery BA 1 is included in the first balancing target. Since each of the battery BA 2 and the battery BA 3 has an open-circuit voltage higher than 3.30V by 0.01V or more and is connected in series to the battery BA 1 , it may be included in the first balancing target. The battery BA 4 is not included in the first balancing target because it has an open-circuit voltage that is not higher than 3.30V by 0.01V or more. A battery (BA 5 open-circuit voltage of) is high or higher than 0.01V 3.30V, the battery (BA 4) Is connected to the battery (BA 1 ~ BA 3 ), so it is not included in the first balancing target.
[59]
The controller 140 may determine at least one of the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n as a balancing target based on the second voltage signal . Hereinafter, the balancing target determined from the battery group 22 may be referred to as a'second balancing target'.
[60]
Controller 140, a plurality of battery (BB 1 ~ BB n plurality of battery (BB from the basis of each of the open-circuit voltage), the SOC-OCV map 1 ~ BB n can be determined for each state of charge). The second balancing target includes a battery having a maximum open-circuit voltage (or a maximum charge state) among the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n . The second balancing target may further include at least one battery having an open-circuit voltage higher than the minimum open-circuit voltage of the battery group 22 from among the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n . That is, any one of the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n or two or more batteries connected in series adjacent to each other may be determined as the second balancing target.
[61]
The control unit 140 may determine a reference voltage (hereinafter, referred to as “first reference voltage”) for a first balancing target based on the first voltage signal. For example, when the first balancing target includes only one battery (eg, BA 1 ), the first reference voltage may be the same as the minimum open-circuit voltage of the battery group 21. As another example, when the first balancing target includes two or more batteries (eg, BA 1 , BA 2, BA 3 ) connected in series , the first reference voltage is the minimum open-circuit voltage of the battery group 21 and the first balancing target It may be equal to the product of the number of batteries included in. Alternatively, the first reference voltage may be a voltage of a predetermined value.
[62]
The control unit 140 may determine a reference voltage (hereinafter, referred to as “second reference voltage”) for a second balancing target based on the second voltage signal. For example, when the second balancing target includes only one battery (eg, BB 1 ), the second reference voltage may be the same as the minimum open-circuit voltage of the battery group 22. As another example, when the second balancing target includes two or more batteries (eg, BB 1 , BB 2 ) connected in series , the second reference voltage is included in the minimum open-circuit voltage of the battery group 22 and the second balancing target. It can be equal to the product of the number of batteries. Alternatively, the second reference voltage may be a voltage of a predetermined value.
[63]
When the first balancing target is determined, the controller 140 may request the selection unit 121 to electrically connect the first balancing target between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . When no command is received from the control unit 140, the selection unit 121 may electrically separate the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m from the node N 1 and the node N 2 . .
[64]
When the second balancing target is determined, the controller 140 may request the selection unit 122 to electrically connect the second balancing target between the node N 3 and the node N 4 . When no command is received from the control unit 140, the selection unit 122 may electrically separate the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n from the node N 3 and the node N 4 . .
[65]
When the first balancing target is determined, the control unit 140 is configured such that any one of a resistance element R 1 , a resistance element R 2 , a series circuit, and a parallel circuit is between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . The resistance adjustment unit 130 may be controlled so as to be electrically connected to. When the second balancing target is determined, the control unit 140 is configured such that any one of a resistance element R 1 , a resistance element R 2 , a series circuit and a parallel circuit is between the node N 3 and the node N 4 . The resistance adjustment unit 130 may be controlled so as to be electrically connected to. Controlling the resistance adjusting unit 130 means controlling the on/off of each switch included in the resistance adjusting unit 130.
[66]
The resistance element by the resistance adjusting unit (130) (R 1 If the balancing target is determined . 1 ), a resistance element (R 2 ), the series circuit and one of a parallel circuit node (N 1 ) and a node (N 2 ) By being electrically connected between them, a closed circuit for discharging the first balancing object may be formed.
[67]
A second balancing If the destination is determined, the resistance adjustment resistance element by the (130) (R 1 ), a resistance element (R 2 ), one of a series circuit and the parallel circuit node (N 3 ) and a node (N 4 ) By being electrically connected between the two, a closed circuit for discharging the second balancing object may be formed.
[68]
When the first balancing target is determined, the controller 140 may generate a first command. The first command is output to the selection unit 121. The selector 121 electrically connects the first balancing target between the node N 1 and the node N 2 in response to the first command .
[69]
When the second balancing target is determined, the controller 140 may generate a second command. The second command is output to the selection unit 122. The selection unit 122 electrically connects the second balancing target between the node N 3 and the node N 4 in response to the second command .
[70]
Hereinafter, a battery balancing apparatus 100 according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the battery group 22 and the selection unit 122 are also shown, but the battery group 22 is removed from the battery pack 10, and the selection unit 122 is removed from the device 100. It could be.
[71]
2 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of each selection unit for a battery balancing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of explanation, illustrations of the detection unit 110, the resistance element R1, the resistance element R2, the resistance adjustment unit 130, and the control unit 140 are omitted from FIG. 2.
[72]
1 and 2, the selection unit 121 includes a switching circuit SC 1 and a switching circuit SC 2 .
[73]
The switching circuit SC 1 includes a plurality of switches SPA 1 to SPA m . One end of each of the plurality of switches SPA 1 to SPA m is connected to the positive terminal of each of the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m . That is, when k = 1 ~ m, one end of the switch SPA k is connected to the positive terminal of the battery BA k . The other end of each of the plurality of switches SPA 1 to SPA m is connected to the node N 1 .
[74]
The switching circuit SC 2 includes a plurality of switches SNA 1 to SNA m . One end of each of the plurality of switches SNA 1 to SNA m is connected to the negative terminal of each of the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m . That is, one end of the switch SNA k is connected to the negative terminal of the battery BA k . The other end of each of the plurality of switches SNA 1 to SNA m is connected to the node N 2 .
[75]
When the switch SPA k is turned on, the positive terminal of the battery BA k is electrically connected to the node N 1 through the switch SPA k . When the switch SPA k is turned off, the positive terminal of the battery BA k is electrically disconnected from the node N 1 .
[76]
When the switch SNA k is turned on, the negative terminal of the battery BA k is electrically connected to the node N 2 through the switch SNA k . When the switch SNA k is turned off, the negative terminal of the battery BA k is electrically disconnected from the node N 2 .
[77]
The controller 140 generates a first command when any one battery BA i (i=1 to m) among the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m is determined as a first balancing target. The first command may include a signal for turning on the switch SPA i (eg, a voltage having a predetermined level or higher) and a signal for turning on the switch SNA i .
[78]
Alternatively, the controller 140 generates a first command when two or more batteries BA i to BA h (h> i) among the plurality of batteries BA 1 to BA m are determined as a first balancing target. The first command may include a signal for turning on the switch SPA i (eg, a voltage having a predetermined level or higher) and a signal for turning on the switch SNA h .
[79]
The selection unit 122 includes a switching circuit SC 3 and a switching circuit SC 4 .
[80]
The switching circuit SC 3 includes a plurality of switches SPB 1 to SPB n . One end of each of the plurality of switches SPB 1 to SPB n is connected to the positive terminal of each of the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n . One end of the switch SPB k is connected to the positive terminal of the battery BB k . The other end of each of the plurality of switches SPB 1 to SPB n is connected to the node N 3 .
[81]
The switching circuit SC 4 includes a plurality of switches SNB 1 to SNB n . One end of each of the plurality of switches SNB 1 to SNB n is connected to a negative terminal of each of the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n . That is, one end of the switch SNB k is connected to the negative terminal of the battery BB k . The other end of each of the plurality of switches SNB 1 to SNB n is connected to the node N 4 .
[82]
When the switch SPB k is turned on, the positive terminal of the battery BB k is electrically connected to the node N 3 through the switch SPB k . When the switch SPB k is turned off, the positive terminal of the battery BB k is electrically disconnected from the node N 3 .
[83]
When the switch SNB k is turned on, the negative terminal of the battery BB k is electrically connected to the node N 4 through the switch SNB k . When the switch SNB k is turned off, the negative terminal of the battery BB k is electrically disconnected from the node N 4 .
[84]
The controller 140 generates a second command when any one battery BB j (j=1 to n) among the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n is determined as a second balancing target. The second command may include a signal for turning on the switch SPB j (eg, a voltage having a predetermined level or higher) and a signal for turning on the switch SNB j .
[85]
Alternatively, the controller 140 generates a second command when two or more batteries BB j to BB g (g> j) among the plurality of batteries BB 1 to BB n are determined as a second balancing target. The second command may include a signal for turning on the switch SPB j (eg, a voltage having a predetermined level or higher) and a signal for turning on the switch SNB g .
[86]
3 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of each selection unit for a battery balancing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of explanation, illustrations of the detection unit 110, the resistance element R1, the resistance element R2, the resistance adjustment unit 130, and the control unit 140 are omitted from FIG. 2.
[87]
1 and 3, the selection unit 121 includes a plurality of switches SA 1 to SA m+1 .
[88]
Let's say u=1~m+1. When u is an odd number, one end of the switch SA u is connected to the positive terminal of the battery BA u . The other end of the switch SA u is connected to the node N 1 . When the switch SA u is turned on, the positive terminal of the battery BA u is electrically connected to the node N 1 through the switch SA u . When the switch SA u is turned off, the positive terminal of the battery BA u is electrically disconnected from the node N 1 .
[89]
When u is an even number, one end of the switch SA u is connected to the negative terminal of the battery BA u . The other end of the switch SA u is connected to the node N 2 . When the switch SA u is turned on, the negative terminal of the battery BA u is electrically connected to the node N 2 through the switch SA u . Conversely, when the switch SA u is turned off, the negative terminal of the battery BA u is electrically disconnected from the node N 2 .
[90]
The controller 140 generates a first command when the battery BA i is determined as the first balancing target. The first command, a switch (SA i ), and a turn signal switch (SA for on- i + 1 may include a signal for turning a) one.
[91]
The selection unit 122 includes a plurality of switches SB 1 to SB n+1 .
[92]
When u is an odd number, one end of the switch SB u is connected to the positive terminal of the battery BB u . The other end of the switch SB u is connected to the node N 3 . When the switch SB u is turned on, the positive terminal of the battery BB u is electrically connected to the node N 3 through the switch SB u . When the switch SB u is turned off, the positive terminal of the battery BB u is electrically disconnected from the node N 3 .
[93]
When u is an even number, one end of the switch SB u is connected to the negative terminal of the battery BB u . The other end of the switch SB u is connected to the node N 4 . When the switch SB u is turned on, the negative terminal of the battery BB u is electrically connected to the node N 4 through the switch SB u . When the switch SB u is turned off, the negative terminal of the battery BB u is electrically disconnected from the node N 4 .
[94]
When the battery BB j is determined as the second balancing target , the controller 140 generates a second command. The second command may include a signal for turning on the switch SB j (eg, a voltage having a predetermined level or higher) and a signal for turning on the switch SB j+1 .
[95]
4 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a resistance adjusting unit 130 for a battery balancing device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of explanation, illustrations of the detection unit 110, the selection unit 121, the selection unit 122, and the control unit 140 are omitted from FIG. 2. It is assumed that the resistance of the resistance element R 1 is greater than the resistance of the resistance element R 2 .
[96]
The battery balancing apparatus 100 according to the third exemplary embodiment includes a selection unit 121 according to the first exemplary embodiment or the second exemplary embodiment. The battery balancing apparatus 100 according to the third exemplary embodiment may further include a selection unit 122 according to the first exemplary embodiment or the second exemplary embodiment.
[97]
1 to 4, the resistance adjusting unit 130 includes a switch SX 1 and a switch SX 2 . The resistance adjustment unit 130 may further include a switch SX 3 .
[98]
One end of the resistance element R 1 is connected to the node N 1 . One end of the resistance element R 2 may be connected to the node N 2 . One end of the resistance element R 2 may be further connected to the node N 3 . As shown, the node N 1 may be connected to the node N 4 , and the node N 2 may be connected to the node N 3 .
[99]
The switch SX 1 is connected between the other end of the resistance element R 1 and the node N 2 . When the switch SX 1 is turned on, the resistance element R 1 is electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 through the switch SX 1 . When the switch SX 1 is turned on, the resistance element R 1 may be electrically connected between the node N 3 and the node N 4 .
[100]
The switch SX 2 is connected between the other end of the resistance element R 2 and the node N 1 . When the switch SX 2 is turned on, the resistance element R 2 is electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . When the switch SX 2 is turned on, the resistance element R 2 may also be electrically connected between the node N 3 and the node N 4 through the switch SX 2 .
[101]
The switch SX 3 is connected between the other end of the resistance element R 1 and the other end of the resistance element R 2 .
[102]
Switch (SX 3 ) is turned off, the switch (SX 1 ), and switches (SX 2 ) is turned on when the on-resistance element (R 1 ) and a resistive element (R 2 is a parallel circuit of) a node (N 1 a) It is electrically connected between the nodes N 2 .
[103]
Switch (SX 3 ) is turned on and the switches (SX 1 ), and switches (SX 2 ) is turned off when the resistance element (R 1 ) and a resistive element (R 2 is a series circuit of) a node (N 1 a) It is electrically connected between the nodes N 2 . The series circuit may also be electrically connected between the node N 3 and the node N 4 .
[104]
The control unit 140, based on the voltage difference between the voltage of the first balancing target and the first reference voltage (hereinafter, may be referred to as a'first voltage difference'), the switch (SX 1 ), the switch (SX 2 ), and It is configured to control the on-off of each of the switches (SX 3 ). When the first balancing target includes two or more batteries, the voltage of the first balancing target means the sum of voltages of each battery included in the first balancing target.
[105]
When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to the first threshold voltage (eg, 0.05V) and less than the second threshold voltage (eg, 0.08V), the resistance element R 1 is the node N 1 and the node N 2 ) to be electrically connected between the switch (SX 1 ) is turned on, the switch (SX 2 ) and the switch (SX 3 ) are turned off.
[106]
When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold voltage and less than the third threshold voltage (eg, 0.10V), the resistance element R 2 is between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . To be electrically connected, the switch SX 2 is turned on, and the switch SX1 and the switch SX3 are turned off.
[107]
When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold voltage, the control unit 140 turns on the switch SX 1 and the switch SX 2 , and turns off the switch SX3. Accordingly, the parallel circuit is electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 through the resistance adjusting unit 130 .
[108]
The controller 140, when the first voltage difference is less than the first threshold voltage, so that the series circuit is electrically connected between the node (N 1 ) and the node (N 2 ), the switch (SX 1 ) and the switch (SX 2 ). ) Is turned off, and the switch (SX 3 ) is turned on.
[109]
As the first voltage difference increases, the resistance provided between the node N 1 and the node N 2 by the resistance adjusting unit 130 decreases stepwise. Accordingly, rapid discharge of the first balancing target can be achieved. Conversely, as the first voltage difference decreases, the resistance provided between the node N 1 and the node N 2 by the resistance adjusting unit 130 increases in steps. Accordingly, the state of charge of each battery to be first balanced can be precisely controlled.
[110]
5 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a resistance adjusting unit 130 for a battery balancing device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the resistance of the resistance element R 1 is greater than the resistance of the resistance element R 2 .
[111]
The battery balancing apparatus 100 according to the fourth exemplary embodiment includes a selection unit 121 according to the first exemplary embodiment or the second exemplary embodiment. The battery balancing apparatus 100 according to the fourth exemplary embodiment may further include a selection unit 122 according to the first exemplary embodiment or the second exemplary embodiment.
[112]
1 to 3 and 5, the resistance adjusting unit 130 includes a switch SY 1 and a switch SY 2 . The resistance adjustment unit 130 further includes at least one of a switch SY 3 and a switch SY 4 .
[113]
One end of the resistance element R 1 is connected to the node N 1 . One end of the resistance element R 2 may be connected to the node N 3 . As shown, the node N 1 may be connected to the node N 3 through the switch SY 3 , and the node N 2 may be connected to the node N 4 through the switch SY 4 .
[114]
The switch SY 1 is connected between the other end of the resistance element R 1 and the node N 2 . When the switch SY 1 is turned on, the resistance element R 1 is electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 through the switch SY 1 .
[115]
The switch SY 2 may be connected between the other end of the resistance element R 2 and the node N 4 . When the switch SY 2 is turned on, the resistance element R 2 may be electrically connected between the node N 3 and the node N 4 through the switch SY 2 .
[116]
The switch SY 3 is connected between the node N 1 and one end of the resistance element R 2 . The switch SY 3 may be replaced with a conductor connecting the node N 1 and the node N 3 .
[117]
The switch SY 4 is connected between the node N 2 and the node N 4 . The switch SY 4 may be replaced with a conductor connecting the node N 2 and the node N 4 .
[118]
When the switch (SY 1 ), switch (SY 2 ), switch (SY 3 ), and switch (SY 4 ) are turned on together, the parallel circuit of the resistance element R 1 and the resistance element R 2 is a node N 1 ) is electrically connected between the node N 2 and between the node N 3 and the node N 4 , respectively.
[119]
Switches (SY 1 ) is turned off, the switch (SY 2 ), switch ( SY3 ) and switches (SY 4 ) when being turned on and the resistance element (R 2 ) is a node (N 1 ) and a node (N 2 ) It is electrically connected between and between the node (N 3 ) and the node (N 4 ), respectively.
[120]
When the switch SY 2 is turned off, the switch SY 1 , the switch SY 3 , and the switch SY 4 are turned on, the resistance element R 1 is a node N 1 and a node N 2 ) And between the nodes N 3 and the nodes N 4 , respectively.
[121]
The control unit 140 is configured to control on/off of each of the switch SY 1 , the switch SY 2 , the switch SY 3 , and the switch SY 4 based on the first voltage difference.
[122]
When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to the first threshold voltage and less than the second threshold voltage, the control unit 140 switches so that the resistance element R 1 is electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . (SY 1 ) may be turned on, and at least one of the switch SY 2 , the switch SY 3 , and the switch SY 4 may be turned off.
[123]
When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold voltage and less than the third threshold voltage, the control unit 140 switches so that the resistance element R 2 is electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . (SY 2 ), the switch SY 3 and the switch SY 4 are turned on, and the switch SY 1 may be turned off.
[124]
When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to the third threshold voltage, the controller 140 is configured to electrically connect the parallel circuit between the node N 1 and the node N 2 , so that the switch SY 1 and the switch SY 2 ), the switch SY 3 and the switch SY 4 can be turned on.
[125]
That is, as the first voltage difference increases, the resistance connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 is gradually decreased. Accordingly, rapid discharge of the first balancing target can be achieved. Conversely, as the first voltage difference decreases, the resistance connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 increases step by step. Accordingly, the state of charge of each battery to be first balanced can be precisely controlled.
[126]
The battery balancing apparatus 100 according to the fourth exemplary embodiment may further include a resistance adjusting unit 130 according to the third exemplary embodiment described above with reference to FIG. 4.
[127]
6 is a diagram showing a detailed configuration of a resistance adjusting unit 130 for a battery balancing device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the resistance of the resistance element R 1 is greater than the resistance of the resistance element R 2 .
[128]
The battery balancing apparatus 100 according to the fifth exemplary embodiment includes a selection unit 121 according to the first exemplary embodiment or the second exemplary embodiment. The battery balancing apparatus 100 according to the fourth exemplary embodiment may further include a selection unit 122 according to the first exemplary embodiment or the second exemplary embodiment.
[129]
1 to 3 and 6, the resistance adjusting unit 130 includes a switch SZ 1 and a switch SZ 2 . The resistance adjustment unit 130 further includes at least one of a switch SZ 3 and a switch SZ 4 . The resistance adjustment unit 130 further includes at least one of a switch SZ 5 and a switch SZ 6 .
[130]
One end of the resistance element R 1 is connected to the node N 1 . One end of the resistance element R 2 may be connected to the node N 3 .
[131]
The switch SZ 1 is connected between the other end of the resistance element R 1 and the node N 2 . When the switch SZ 1 is turned on, the resistance element R 1 is electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 through the switch SZ 1 .
[132]
The switch SZ 2 may be connected between the other end of the resistance element R 2 and the node N 4 . When the switch SZ 2 is turned on, the resistance element R 2 may be electrically connected between the node N 3 and the node N 3 through the switch SZ 2 .
[133]
The switch SZ 3 is connected between the node N 1 and the node N 3 . The switch SZ 3 may be replaced with a conductor connecting the node N 1 and the node N 3 .
[134]
The switch SZ 4 is connected between the node N 2 and the other end of the resistance element R 2 . The switch SZ 4 may be replaced with a conductor connecting the node N 2 and the other end of the resistance element R 2 .
[135]
The switch SZ 5 is connected between the other end of the resistance element R 1 and the node N 3 . The switch SZ 5 may be replaced with a conductor connecting the other end of the resistance element R 1 and the node N 3 .
[136]
The switch SZ 6 is connected between the node N 1 and the node N 4 . The switch SZ 6 may be replaced with a conductor connecting the node N 1 and the node N 4 .
[137]
When the switch (SZ 1 ), switch (SZ 2 ), switch (SZ 5 ) and switch (SZ 6 ) are turned off, and the switch (SZ 3 ) and switch (SZ 4 ) are turned on, the resistance element (R 2) ) Is electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . Accordingly, electrical energy stored in the first balancing target may be consumed by the resistance element R 2 .
[138]
When the switch (SZ 1 ), switch (SZ 2 ), switch (SZ 3 ) and switch (SZ 4 ) are turned off, and the switch (SZ 5 ) and switch (SZ 6 ) are turned on, the resistance element (R 1) ) Is electrically connected between the node N 3 and the node N 4 . Accordingly, electrical energy stored in the second balancing target may be consumed by the resistance element R 1 .
[139]
When the switch (SZ 1 ) and switch (SZ 2 ) are turned off, and the switch (SZ 3 ), switch (SZ 4 ), switch (SZ 5 ) and switch (SZ 6 ) are turned on, the resistance element (R 2) ) Is electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 , and the resistance element R 1 is electrically connected between the node N 3 and the node N 4 . Thus, the resistor element (R 2, by a), at the same time that the electrical energy stored in the first balancing target consumption and the resistance element (R 1 can be an electric energy stored in the second balancing target consumed by).
[140]
When the switch (SZ 1 ), switch (SZ 3 ) and switch (SZ 4 ) are turned on, and the switch (SZ 2 ), switch (SZ 5 ) and switch ( SZ6 ) are turned off, the resistance element (R 1 ) A parallel circuit of and the resistance element R 2 is electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . Accordingly, electrical energy stored in the first balancing target may be consumed by the parallel circuit.
[141]
When the switch (SZ 1 ), switch (SZ 3 ) and switch (SZ 4 ) are turned off, and the switch (SZ 2 ), switch (SZ 5 ) and switch (SZ 6 ) are turned on, the resistance element (R 1) ) And the resistance element R 2 are electrically connected between the node N 3 and the node N 4 . Accordingly, electrical energy stored in the second balancing target may be consumed by the parallel circuit.
[142]
When the switch (SZ 1 ), switch (SZ 2 ), switch (SZ 3 ) and switch (SZ 6 ) are turned off, and the switch (SZ 4 ) and switch (SZ 5 ) are turned on, the resistance element (R 1) ) And the resistive element R 2 are electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . Accordingly, electrical energy stored in the first balancing target may be consumed by the series circuit.
[143]
When the switch (SZ 2 ), switch (SZ 3 ) and switch (SZ 6 ) are turned off, and the switch (SZ 1 ), switch (SZ 4 ) and switch (SZ 6 ) are turned on, the resistance element (R 1) ) And the resistance element R 2 are electrically connected between the node N 3 and the node N 4 . Accordingly, electrical energy stored in the second balancing target may be consumed by the series circuit.
[144]
The control unit 140, based on the first voltage difference between the voltage of the first balancing target and the first reference voltage, the switch (SZ 1 ), the switch (SZ 2 ), the switch (SZ 3 ), the switch (SZ 4 ), On-off of each of the switches SZ 5 and SZ 6 can be controlled.
[145]
When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to the first threshold voltage and less than the second threshold voltage, the control unit 140 switches the resistance element R 1 to be electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . (SZ 1 ) may be turned on, and at least one of the switch SZ 2 , the switch SZ 3 , the switch SZ 4 , the switch SZ 5 , and the switch SZ 6 may be turned off.
[146]
When the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold voltage and less than the third threshold voltage, the control unit 140 switches so that the resistance element R 2 is electrically connected between the node N 1 and the node N 2 . The (SZ 3 ) and the switch (SZ 4 ) may be turned on, and at least one of the switch (SZ 1 ), the switch (SZ 2 ), the switch (SZ 5 ), and the switch (SZ 6 ) may be turned off.
[147]
Controller 140, a first voltage difference between the third threshold voltage or more, the parallel circuit node (N 1 ) and a node (N 2 so as to be electrically connected between a), the switch (SZ 1 ), the switch (SZ 3 ) And the switch SZ 4 may be turned on, and at least one of the switch SZ 2 , the switch SZ 5 , and the switch SZ 6 may be turned off.
[148]
The controller 140, when the first voltage difference is less than the first threshold voltage, so that the series circuit is electrically connected between the node (N 1 ) and the node (N 2 ), the switch (SZ 4 ) and the switch (SZ 5 ). ) Is turned on, and at least one of the switch SZ 1 , the switch SZ 2 , the switch SZ 3 , and the switch SZ 6 may be turned off.
[149]
When the first balancing target and the second balancing target are determined, the controller 140 is based on the voltage of the first balancing target and the voltage of the second balancing target, the switch SZ 1 , the switch SZ 2 , and the switch ( SZ 3 ), the switch SZ 4 , the switch SZ 5 , and the switch SZ 6 are configured to control the on-off of each. When the second balancing target includes two or more batteries, the voltage of the second balancing target means the sum of voltages of each battery included in the second balancing target.
[150]
The control unit 140, the voltage of the second balancing target is higher than the voltage of the first balancing target and the voltage difference between the first balancing target and the second balancing target (hereinafter, may be referred to as a'second voltage difference') is a fourth When the threshold voltage is higher and less than the fifth threshold voltage, the switch (SZ 1 ) and the switch (SZ 2 ) are turned on, and the switch (SZ 3 ), the switch (SZ 4 ), the switch (SZ 5 ), and the switch (SZ 6 ) At least one of them may be turned off. Accordingly, electrical energy stored in the first balancing target may be consumed by the resistance element R 1 . In addition, electrical energy stored in the second balancing target may be consumed by the resistance element R 2 .
[151]
The fourth threshold voltage may be the same as the first threshold voltage or the second threshold voltage. The fifth threshold voltage may be the same as the third threshold voltage. Of course, each of the fourth threshold voltage and the fifth threshold voltage may be predetermined differently from the first to third threshold voltages.
[152]
When the voltage of the first balancing target is higher than the voltage of the second balancing target and the second voltage difference is greater than or equal to the fourth threshold voltage and less than the fifth threshold voltage, the switch SZ 1 and the switch SZ 2 are It is turned off, and the pair of the switch SZ 3 and the switch SZ 4 and the pair of the switch SZ 5 and the switch SZ 6 may be alternately turned on and off according to a predetermined duty ratio. Accordingly, when the pair of the switch (SZ 3 ) and the switch (SZ 4 ) is turned on and the pair of the switch (SZ 5 ) and the switch (SZ 6 ) is turned off, by the resistance element R 2 , the first balancing target The electrical energy stored in the can be consumed. In addition, the pair of the switch (SZ 3 ) and the switch (SZ 4 ) is turned off, and the switch (SZ 5 ) and the switch (SZ When the pair of 6 ) is turned on , electrical energy stored in the second balancing target may be consumed by the resistance element R 1 .
[153]
The controller 140, when the voltage of the second balancing target is higher than the voltage of the first balancing target and the second voltage difference is less than the fourth threshold voltage, the series circuit is between the node (N 3 ) and the node (N 4 ). To be electrically connected, the switch (SZ 1 ), the switch (SZ 4 ) and the switch (SZ 6 ) are turned on, and at least one of the switch (SZ 2 ), the switch (SZ 3 ) and the switch (SZ 5 ) is turned off. I can make it. Accordingly, electrical energy stored in the second balancing target may be consumed by the series circuit. In addition, electrical energy stored in the first balancing target may be consumed by the resistance element R 1 .
[154]
The controller 140, when the voltage of the first balancing target is higher than the voltage of the second balancing target and the second voltage difference is less than the fourth threshold voltage, the series circuit is between the node (N 1 ) and the node (N 2 ). To be electrically connected, the switch (SZ 4 ) and the switch (SZ 5 ) are turned on, and at least one of the switch (SZ 1 ), the switch (SZ 2 ), the switch (SZ 3 ), and the switch (SZ 6 ) is turned off. Let it. Accordingly, electrical energy stored in the first balancing target may be consumed by the series circuit.
[155]
When the voltage of the second balancing target is higher than the voltage of the first balancing target and the second voltage difference is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold voltage, the parallel circuit is between the node (N 3 ) and the node (N 4 ). To be electrically connected, the switch (SZ 2 ), the switch (SZ 5 ) and the switch (SZ 6 ) are turned on, and at least one of the switch (SZ 1 ), the switch (SZ 3 ), and the switch (SZ 4 ) is turned off. Let it. Accordingly, electrical energy stored in the second balancing target may be consumed by the parallel circuit.
[156]
When the voltage of the first balancing target is higher than the voltage of the second balancing target and the second voltage difference is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold voltage, the parallel circuit is between the node (N 1 ) and the node (N 2 ). To be electrically connected, the switch (SZ 1 ), the switch (SZ 3 ) and the switch (SZ 4 ) are turned on, and at least one of the switch (SZ 2 ), the switch (SZ 5 ), and the switch (SZ 6 ) is turned off. Let it. Accordingly, electrical energy stored in the first balancing target may be consumed by the parallel circuit.
[157]
Alternatively, the controller 140, when the voltage of the first balancing target is higher than the voltage of the second balancing target, and the second voltage difference is greater than or equal to the fifth threshold voltage, the switch (SZ 1 ), the switch (SZ 2 ), the switch The (SZ 5 ) and the switch (SZ 6 ) may be turned on, and at least one of the switch (SZ 3 ) and the switch (SZ 4 ) may be turned off. Accordingly, even if at least one of the switch (SZ 3 ) and the switch (SZ 4 ) is faulty (eg, cannot be closed), it is possible to electrically connect the parallel circuit between the node (N 1 ) and the node (N 2 ). It is possible.
[158]
The battery balancing apparatus 100 according to the fifth embodiment may further include a resistance adjusting unit 130 according to the third embodiment described above with reference to FIG. 4 or the fourth embodiment described above with reference to FIG. 5. have.
[159]
Each switch included in the selection unit 121, the selection unit 122, and the resistance adjustment unit 130 described above with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6 uses an electrical signal such as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET). Thus, it may be a known controllable switching element, and is operatively coupled to the control unit 140 through a signal line. Each switch may be turned on in response to a first control voltage (eg, 3V) output by the controller 140. Each switch may be turned off in response to a second control voltage (eg, 0V) output by the controller 140. When the second control voltage is output, it may mean that the output of the first control voltage is stopped.
[160]
The embodiments of the present invention described above are not implemented only through an apparatus and a method, but may be implemented through a program that realizes a function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention or a recording medium in which the program is recorded. Implementation can be easily implemented by an expert in the technical field to which the present invention belongs from the description of the above-described embodiment.
[161]
Although the present invention in the above has been described by the limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the technical idea of ​​the present invention and the following will be described by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. It goes without saying that various modifications and variations are possible within the equivalent range of the claims.
[162]
In addition, the present invention described above is capable of various substitutions, modifications, and changes without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not limited by the drawings, and may be configured by selectively combining all or part of each of the embodiments so that various modifications may be made.
Claims
[Claim 1]
A detection unit configured to output a first voltage signal indicating voltages of each of the plurality of batteries included in the first battery group; A first selection unit configured to selectively electrically connect each of the plurality of batteries included in the first battery group between a first node and a second node; A first resistance element, a second resistance element, a series circuit of the first resistance element and the second resistance element, or a parallel circuit of the first resistance element and the second resistance element, of the first node and the second node. A resistance adjusting unit configured to selectively electrically connect between; And a control unit operably coupled to the detection unit, the first selection unit, and the resistance adjustment unit, wherein the control unit includes the plurality of batteries included in the first battery group based on the first voltage signal. It is configured to determine at least one of the first balancing target, the first selection unit is configured to electrically connect the first balancing target between the first node and the second node, the control unit, A battery balancing device configured to control the resistance adjusting unit based on a first voltage difference between the voltage of the first balancing target and a reference voltage.
[Claim 2]
The method of claim 1, wherein one end of the first resistance element is electrically connected to the first node, and one end of the second resistance element is electrically connected to the second node, and the resistance adjustment unit comprises: A first switch connected between the other end of the first resistance element and the second node; And a second switch connected between the other end of the second resistance element and the first node.
[Claim 3]
The method of claim 2, wherein the resistance of the first resistance element is greater than the resistance of the second resistance element, and the controller comprises: when the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to a first threshold voltage and less than a second threshold voltage, the first A battery balancing apparatus configured to turn on the first switch and turn off the second switch so that a resistance element is electrically connected between the first node and the second node.
[Claim 4]
The method of claim 2, wherein the resistance of the first resistance element is greater than that of the second resistance element, and the control unit comprises: when the first voltage difference is greater than the second threshold voltage and less than the third threshold voltage, 2 A battery balancing apparatus configured to turn off the first switch and turn on the second switch so that the resistance element is electrically connected between the first node and the second node.
[Claim 5]
The method of claim 2, wherein the control unit comprises the first switch and the second node so that when the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to a third threshold voltage, the parallel circuit is electrically connected between the first node and the second node. 2 Battery balancing device configured to turn on the switch.
[Claim 6]
The method of claim 2, wherein the resistance adjusting unit further comprises a third switch connected between the other end of the first resistance element and the other end of the second resistance element, wherein the control unit comprises: a first voltage difference When it is less than a threshold voltage, the series circuit is configured to be electrically connected between the first node and the second node, turning off the first switch and the second switch, and turning on the third switch Battery balancing device.
[Claim 7]
The first switch of claim 1, wherein one end of the first resistance element is electrically connected to the first node, and the resistance control unit is connected between the other end of the first resistance element and the second node. ; A second switch connected between one end of the second resistance element and the second node; And a third switch connected between the other end of the second resistance element and the first node.
[Claim 8]
The method of claim 7, wherein the resistance of the first resistance element is greater than the resistance of the second resistance element, and the control unit comprises: when the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to a first threshold voltage and less than a second threshold voltage, the first Battery balancing configured to turn on the first switch and turn off at least one of the second switch and the third switch so that the resistance element is electrically connected between the first node and the second node Device.
[Claim 9]
The method of claim 8, wherein the resistance of the first resistance element is greater than that of the second resistance element, and the control unit comprises: when the first voltage difference is greater than or equal to the second threshold voltage and less than the third threshold voltage, the 2 A battery balancing device configured to turn on the second switch and the third switch and turn off the first switch so that the resistance element is electrically connected between the first node and the second node.
[Claim 10]
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the control unit, when the first voltage difference is equal to or greater than the third threshold voltage, the parallel circuit is electrically connected between the first node and the second node, the first switch, the A battery balancing device configured to turn on the second switch and the third switch.
[Claim 11]
The method of claim 1, further comprising a second selection unit configured to selectively electrically connect each of the plurality of batteries included in the second battery group between the third node and the fourth node, wherein the detection unit comprises: 2 is configured to output a second voltage signal representing voltages of each of the plurality of batteries included in the battery group, and the resistance adjusting unit includes the first resistance element, the second resistance element, the parallel circuit, or the series circuit. It is configured to selectively electrically connect between the third node and the fourth node, and the control unit is configured to connect at least one of the plurality of batteries included in the second battery group based on the second voltage signal. A battery balancing apparatus configured to determine a second balancing target, and wherein the second selection unit is configured to electrically connect the second balancing target between the third node and the fourth node.
[Claim 12]
The method of claim 11, wherein one end of the first resistance element is electrically connected to the first node, and one end of the second resistance element is electrically connected to the third node, and the resistance adjustment unit comprises: A first switch connected between the other end of the first resistance element and the second node; A second switch connected between the other end of the second resistance element and the fourth node; A third switch connected between the first node and the third node; A fourth switch connected between the other end of the second resistance element and the second node; A fifth switch connected between the other end of the first resistance element and the third node; And a sixth switch connected between the first node and the fourth node.
[Claim 13]
The method of claim 12, wherein the controller is configured when the voltage of the first balancing target is higher than the voltage of the second balancing target, and the second voltage difference between the first balancing target and the second balancing target is less than a fourth threshold voltage. , Turning on the fourth switch and the fifth switch so that the series circuit is electrically connected between the first node and the second node, and the first switch, the second switch, and the third switch And a battery balancing device configured to turn off the sixth switch.
[Claim 14]
The method of claim 12, wherein the controller is configured when the voltage of the second balancing target is higher than the voltage of the first balancing target, and the second voltage difference between the first balancing target and the second balancing target is less than a fourth threshold voltage. Turning on the first switch, the fourth switch, and the sixth switch so that the series circuit is electrically connected between the third node and the fourth node, and the second switch and the third switch And a battery balancing device configured to turn off the fifth switch.
[Claim 15]
A battery pack comprising the battery balancing device according to any one of claims 1 to 14.