Title of invention: Danger detection battery cell
Technical field
[One]
This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 2019-0052388 filed May 03, 2019, and all contents disclosed in the documents of the Korean patent application are included as part of this specification.
[2]
The present invention relates to a risk-preventing battery cell, and more particularly, to a battery cell including a gas storage unit having two or more gas storage spaces and a sensor member provided on an outer surface of the gas storage unit.
Background
[3]
Due to the recent depletion of resources and various energy demands, interest in energy storage and use is increasing. Due to this, the demand for high-energy, high-density batteries is also increasing. However, these batteries have an inherent risk of ignition and explosion due to a short circuit of the battery. In particular, when internal gas is generated during the charging and discharging process, the battery may generate heat and explode due to a malfunction of the battery, and when the battery case is broken, there may be a problem of leakage of harmful gases and chemical substances inside.
[4]
In order to improve the safety of the battery, safety devices such as fuses and protection circuits are provided, and recently, a method of discharging the gas inside the battery is also considered. Since there is no device to help predict the battery, there is a problem in that it is not possible to prevent accidents due to stoppage of the function of the battery other than heat generation and explosion caused by the battery.
[5]
Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2011-0072733 (2011.06.29.) (Prior Document 1) discloses the purpose of providing a secondary battery capable of reducing the battery thickness by easily discharging internal gas Although it has a gas passage and a gas room 130, there is a difference in that the battery room is not partitioned and does not have a sensor member that informs when it is out of a set area by measuring the state of the inside of the battery cell.
[6]
Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2017-0040919 (2017.04.14.) (Prior Document 2) aims to provide a battery module including a probe for detecting the expansion of the battery cell. Although it has a sensing probe that senses volume expansion and transmits a signal, the difference is that the battery cell itself does not have a gas storage unit that stores a separate gas.
[7]
Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0061836 (2015.06.05.) (Prior Document 3) is similar in that a passage for discharging gas and electrolyte called a gas pocket is provided, but Prior Document 3 describes the activation process. It is different from the present invention in that it manages the gas and the electrolyte inside the pouch in the process of the degassing process for discharging the gas generated during the initial charging and discharging.
[8]
In Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0050926 (2017.05.11.) (Prior Document 4), a gas discharge unit for inducing gas discharge and a sensing unit for generating an electric signal by sensing displacement occurring in the gas discharge unit It is similar to the present invention in that it is equipped, but differs in that it does not have a separate gas storage unit.
[9]
Therefore, no configuration has been proposed that detects the divided gas storage unit and the gas out of the set area and prevents danger to the user in advance.
[10]
-Prior technical literature-
[11]
-Patent literature
[12]
Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2011-0072733 (2011.06.29.)
[13]
Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2017-0040919 (2017.04.14.)
[14]
Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2015-0061836 (2015.06.05.)
[15]
Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2017-0050926 (2017.05.11.)
Detailed description of the invention
Technical challenge
[16]
The present invention is to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a battery cell capable of detecting the danger of the battery cell itself in advance.
Means of solving the task
[17]
The present invention for achieving this object is in a battery cell in which an electrode assembly is accommodated in a storage part of a battery case together with an electrolyte, and a gas storage part for storing gas generated inside the battery cell is formed outside the storage part. , The gas storage unit may further include a partitioning means capable of dividing the space of the gas storage unit into two or more.
[18]
The battery case may be provided with a first sealing portion in which an outer peripheral surface is heat-sealed in a state in which an electrode assembly and an electrolyte are embedded.
[19]
A second sealing portion may be formed between the receiving portion and the gas storage portion.
[20]
When the gas inside the battery cell expands above a predetermined pressure, a first one-way valve for guiding the gas to the gas storage unit may be provided in the second sealing unit.
[21]
A sensor member for detecting a signal according to each partitioning means may be provided on an outer surface of the gas storage unit.
[22]
The sensor member may be at least one of a contact sensor, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor.
[23]
The sensor member may be at least one of a contact sensor, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor.
[24]
When the first compartment of the gas storage unit is filled with gas, it is detected by the sensor member mounted in the first area, and when the (N-1) compartment set to the dangerous water level is filled, it is installed in the (N-1) area It is sensed by the sensor member, and when the last compartment is expanded, gas is discharged to stop the function of the battery.
[25]
The sensor member is connected to the notification member and may transmit a signal to the notification member when it exceeds a set value.
[26]
The partition means may be made of a material that is more fragile than the outer wall of the battery cell when it is expanded due to gas.
[27]
The partition means may be made of a material that is more susceptible to deformation than the outer wall of the battery cell upon expansion due to gas.
[28]
It may include a reduction portion in which the volume of one of the spaces other than the portion into which gas is introduced is reduced according to the deformation of the partitioning means.
[29]
The reduction unit may include a one-way valve capable of moving the material toward the receiving unit in the second sealing unit.
[30]
Before gas is generated, the reduced part may be larger in volume than the expanded part, which increases in volume due to deformation of the partition means when gas is introduced.
[31]
The present invention may be a battery pack including the battery cell.
[32]
In addition, it may be a device comprising the battery pack as a power source.
[33]
In addition, the device may include a mobile electronic device, a power tool that is powered by a battery-based motor and moves; Electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and the like; Electric two-wheeled vehicles including electric bicycles (E-bikes) and electric scooters (E-scooters); Electric golf cart; It may be a system for power storage.
[34]
The present invention may be combined by selecting one or two or more configurations that do not conflict among the above configurations.
Brief description of the drawing
[35]
1 is a plan view of a conventional pouch-type battery cell.
[36]
2 is a plan view of a pouch-shaped battery cell including a gas storage unit and a partitioning means according to the present invention.
[37]
3 is a side view of a pouch-shaped battery cell including a gas storage unit and a partitioning means according to the present invention.
[38]
4 is a plan view of a pouch-shaped battery cell further including an injection unit in a gas storage unit and a partition unit according to the present invention.
[39]
5 is a side view of a pouch-shaped battery cell further including an injection unit in a gas storage unit and a compartment according to the present invention.
Mode for carrying out the invention
[40]
Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail an embodiment in which a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily implement the present invention. However, when it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[41]
In addition, the same reference numerals are used for portions having similar functions and functions throughout the drawings. Throughout the specification, when a part is said to be connected to another part, this includes not only a case in which it is directly connected, but also a case in which it is indirectly connected with another element interposed therebetween. In addition, the inclusion of a certain component does not exclude other components unless otherwise specified, but means that other components may be further included.
[42]
The invention of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings as detailed examples.
[43]
1 is a plan view of a conventional pouch-shaped battery cell, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a pouch-shaped battery cell including a gas storage unit and a partitioning means according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the battery cell of FIG. 2. In addition, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a pouch-shaped battery cell further including an injection unit in a gas storage unit and a partitioning means according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a side view of the battery cell of FIG. 4.
[44]
The conventional pouch-shaped battery cell has a shape in which the periphery of the accommodating part 100 accommodating the electrode assembly 110 is sealed as shown in FIG. 1. Accordingly, in the conventional battery cell, the sealing of the receiving portion is weakened or the receiving portion is ruptured due to gas generated when the electrode assembly 110 is operated. In order to prevent this, a form of providing a gas storage unit to store gas was considered, but this was in the form of a pocket capable of accommodating gas and did not play a role of notifying the risk of the battery cell in advance due to the occurrence of gas.
[45]
In contrast, the pouch-shaped battery cell according to the present invention has a gas storage unit 200 outside the receiving unit 100 in which the electrode assembly 110 is accommodated, as shown in FIG. 2. The gas storage unit 200 has a partitioning means 210 and thus divides the gas storage unit 200 into certain partitions.
[46]
The receiving part 100 is formed in a form in which the outer periphery is heat-sealed while the electrode assembly 110 and the electrolyte are embedded. The receiving part 100 is formed by changing the shape of the laminate sheet. The accommodating part 100 exists in a form in which a space in which the electrode assembly 110 can be seated protrudes when viewed from an outer surface.
[47]
The gas storage unit 200 may change the shape of the laminate sheet in the same manner as the storage unit 100 to form a certain space, that is, a protruding space. It may be formed in a way that does not seal the corresponding part.
[48]
In this case, the gas storage unit 200 and the receiving unit 100 are also sealed and divided. The sealing portion between the gas storage unit 200 and the storage unit 100 serves to prevent material movement between the storage unit 100 and the gas storage unit 200. A first one-way valve 500 is present in the sealing portion between the gas storage unit 200 and the receiving unit 100 so that only gas can be moved.
[49]
In the battery cell according to the present invention, a signal transmission method may vary depending on the shape of the gas storage unit 200. For example, when the gas storage unit 200 is formed of a space in which the gas storage unit 200 protrudes as described above, a signal is transmitted by recognizing the breakage of the partitioning means 210 existing in the gas storage unit 200, or a pressure difference , It is also possible to transfer a signal by transferring a potential difference. In addition, when the gas storage unit 200 does not protrude and exists only as an unsealed part, a signal may be transmitted using a pressure difference or a potential difference, but the degree of expansion of the gas storage unit 200 is determined. You can also pass the signal. The present invention is not limited to the above example, and various methods capable of detecting a change according to the gas in the gas storage unit 200 may be used.
[50]
The location of the gas storage unit 200 exists outside the storage unit 110 and may be formed in any portion of the battery cell as long as it can be connected to the storage unit 110. That is, a side surface, a lower surface, and an upper surface of the receiving unit 100 are all possible. However, the upper surface of the receiving part 100 is not preferable in that the electrode lead protrudes to make a space for gas storage difficult. In addition, when the gas storage unit 200 is used as an automatic electrolyte injection device, the gas storage unit 200 may be disposed under the gas storage unit 200 to prevent the electrolyte solution from being injected using gravity.
[51]
Since the battery cell according to the present invention can be applied to any battery that generates gas by the action of the battery, it can be used not only for a battery using an electrolyte, but also for an all-solid battery using a solid electrolyte instead of a separator.
[52]
The gas storage unit 200 is further provided with a partitioning means 210 capable of dividing the gas storage space into two or more. The number of partitioning means 210 is not limited as long as the gas storage space of the gas storage unit 200 can be partitioned, but it is preferable that the number is at least one for partitioning. In addition, when considering the size and role of the gas storage unit 200, the number of the partitioning means 210 is preferably 7 or less. When the partitioning means 210 is destroyed or deformed, the sensor members 300, 310, and 320 connected to the partitioning means 210 detect signals generated by the partitioning means 210, respectively, and the detected signals are It is transmitted to the notification member 400 to deliver an alarm to the user.
[53]
The partitioning means 210 may be made of the same material as the material used for the pouch, but the sealing degree of the material may be different or a material that is more susceptible to damage than the material of the pouch may be used. In addition, the material may be different for each of the partitioning means 210, and when a certain pressure is applied to the partitioning means 210, a part of the partitioning means 210 may be a structure having an elastic force capable of recovering after movement. This may vary depending on the size and shape of the battery cell, and the sensitivity and shape of the sensor members 300, 310, and 320. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the partitioning means 210 may be expanded or deformed.
[54]
The size of the partitioning means 210 may vary depending on the role of each partitioning means 210. When the gas storage unit 200 stores only gas, the position of the first partition means 211 is 2/3 of the gas storage unit 200, that is, the space where the gas is introduced is larger, and the first The section provided after the division means 211 may have a smaller shape. However, in the case of a battery cell in which a material such as an electrolyte is moved to the battery case storage unit 100 as shown in FIG. 4, the position of the first partitioning means 210 is a section of 1/5 of the gas storage unit, that is, a portion where gas is introduced. The space of may be smaller than the section where the material is located. Therefore, the position of each partitioning means 210 of the gas storage unit 200 may be different according to its role.
[55]
The separation distance between the partitioning means 210 may be the same or different depending on the role of the partitioning means 210. In addition, the separation distance may vary depending on the pressure received by the partitioning means 210. However, the sum of the separation distances cannot exceed 1/2 of the size of the gas storage unit 200.
[56]
The division means 200 is destroyed at a pressure of 200 kgf in the first division means 211, 350 kgf in the second division means 212, and 500 kgf in the third division means 213, or the division means is opened and a signal to the sensor member 300 Can be delivered. This is due to a change in pressure due to overcharging, and the first partitioning means 211 may inform a signal generated when abnormal charging or overcharging, and the second partitioning means 212 may inform whether the abnormal state persists. In addition, the third compartment means 213 may notify the possibility of explosion and fire of the cell, and when the pressure increases after the third compartment means 213, the function of the battery may be stopped by detecting the signal. This role may be added depending on the number of partitioning means 210, and the role may vary, but basically serves to inform the user whether the cell is abnormal. In addition, when an abnormality occurs in the cell, the pressure may change according to the pressure received by the battery cell.
[57]
To stop the function of the battery, a method of blocking the current provided to the battery, a method of adding a substance that interferes with the function of the battery, or allowing the substance to flow in may be considered, but all methods of blocking the function of the battery are Can be applied.
[58]
The sensor member (300, 310, 320) is not limited as long as it is a method capable of detecting a change in the partition means (210). For example, the sensor members 300, 310, and 320 may be contact, pressure, and temperature sensors, but are not limited thereto. The sensor members 300, 310, and 320 may detect the change of the partition means 320 in different ways, respectively, but it is preferable to detect the change in the same manner for convenience of manufacturing.
[59]
The sensor members 300, 310, and 320 detect a signal and, when the signal is greater than or equal to a set value, transmits the abnormality to the notification member 400. The alarm generated by the notification member 400 may appear not only in an audible form such as a sound alarm, but also in a visual form such as a flashing lamp or a display on a navigation or display. The alarm member 400 may receive a signal from the BMS and provide a notification, or may be a notification member 400 connected to the battery itself to provide a notification.
[60]
The positions of the sensor members 300, 310, and 320 and the notification member 400 are not limited as long as the changes occurring in the partitioning means 210, 211, and 212 can be sensed and transmitted. However, in order to increase the density of the battery, it is located in the space generated by the sealing part between the receiving part 100 and the gas storage part 200 as shown in FIG. 3 or above the gas storage part 200 as shown in FIG. 5. In order to measure the changing pressure and transmit it, it may be located at a portion that expands by the change of the gas storage unit 200.
[61]
The one-way valves 500 and 510 are used to move gas or a desired material, for example, an electrolyte solution only in a certain direction. The one-way valve (500, 510) may be provided to move the gas generated in the receiving unit 110 only to the gas storage unit 200 as shown in FIG. 2, and the material in the gas storage unit 200 as shown in FIG. , For example, it may be provided to move the electrolyte to the receiving unit 110.
[62]
As can be seen in FIG. 4, the partitioning means 210 may be used to provide a material consumed according to the use of the battery, such as an electrolyte, for example, to provide the electrolyte to the battery. The partition means 210 is expanded or moved by the gas introduced by the first one-way valve 500. Thereafter, the pressure of the portion containing the material consumed by the expansion or movement of the partitioning means 210, for example, a material such as an electrolyte is increased. As a result, the consumable material moves to the battery by the second one-way valve 510 connected to the part containing the consumable material. That is, the partitioning means 210 uses a pressure change according to gravity and generated gas, and in a general case, the electrolyte is present in the gas storage unit 200 due to a force such as gravity, and the second It is moved to the receiving part 100 through the one-way valve 510. At this time, the position of the gas storage unit 200 may exist on the side or upper surface for even distribution of the electrolyte, if the second one-way valve 510 can move the electrolyte in only one direction. In order to prevent this movement, it is preferable to be on the lower surface. Of course, at this time, the gas storage unit 200 may be present on both the lower surface and both side surfaces.
[63]
In addition, when the partitioning means 210 of the battery reaches a certain portion, such as a partitioning means located at an end portion adjacent to the outer surface of the battery case, the movement of the partitioning means is detected by the sensor member 300. The sensor member 300 may transmit the signal to the notification member about whether the battery is a danger signal or stop, or may stop the function of the battery when the signal is detected.
[64]
Those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs will be able to perform various applications and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the above contents.
[65]
-Explanation of the code-
[66]
100: storage unit
[67]
110: electrode assembly
[68]
200: gas storage unit
[69]
210: division means
[70]
211: first division means
[71]
212: second division means
[72]
213: third division means
[73]
300, 310, 320: sensor member
[74]
400: notification member
[75]
500: first one-way valve
[76]
510: second one-way valve
Industrial applicability
[77]
As described above, the battery cell according to the present invention may notify the state of the battery before the function of the battery is stopped or an accident such as an explosion occurs due to the partitioned gas storage space in the gas storage unit.
[78]
The existing invention has a configuration that discharges gas inside the battery or only informs the expansion of the battery case by gas, but due to the division of the gas storage space, it is possible to give a signal to the battery user according to the degree of gas generation. It makes it possible to prepare for an accident.
Claims
[Claim 1]
In a battery cell in which an electrode assembly is accommodated in a storage part of a battery case together with an electrolyte, a gas storage part for storing gas generated inside the battery cell is formed outside the storage part, and a gas storage part in the gas storage part A battery cell, characterized in that further comprising a partitioning means capable of dividing the space into two or more.
[Claim 2]
The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the battery case is provided with a first sealing portion formed by heat-sealing an outer circumferential surface in a state in which an electrode assembly and an electrolyte are embedded.
[Claim 3]
The battery cell of claim 1, wherein a second sealing portion is formed between the receiving portion and the gas storage portion.
[Claim 4]
The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein a first one-way valve for guiding the gas to the gas storage unit when the gas inside the battery cell expands above a predetermined pressure is provided in the second sealing unit.
[Claim 5]
The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein a sensor member for detecting a signal according to each partitioning means is provided on an outer surface of the gas storage unit.
[Claim 6]
The battery cell according to claim 5, wherein the sensor member is at least one of a contact sensor, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor.
[Claim 7]
The method of claim 5, wherein when the first compartment of the gas storage unit is filled with gas, etc., it is detected by the sensor member mounted in the first area, and when the (N-1)th compartment set to the dangerous level is filled -1) A battery cell, characterized in that it is sensed by the sensor member mounted in the area, and when the last compartment is filled, gas is discharged to stop the function of the battery.
[Claim 8]
The battery cell according to claim 2, wherein the sensor member is connected to the notification member, and transmits a signal to the notification member when it exceeds a set value.
[Claim 9]
The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the partitioning means is made of a material that is more prone to breakage than an outer wall of the battery cell upon expansion due to gas.
[Claim 10]
The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein the partitioning means is made of a material that is more susceptible to deformation than an outer wall of the battery cell upon expansion due to gas.
[Claim 11]
The battery cell according to claim 10, further comprising a reduction portion in which a volume of one of the spaces other than a portion into which gas is introduced is reduced according to the deformation of the partitioning means.
[Claim 12]
12. The battery cell of claim 11, wherein the reduction unit includes a second one-way valve disposed in the second sealing unit to move the material in the direction of the receiving unit.
[Claim 13]
The battery cell according to claim 10, wherein the reduction part before gas is generated has a larger volume than the expansion part which increases in volume according to a deformation of the partition means when gas is introduced.
[Claim 14]
A battery pack comprising the battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 13
[Claim 15]
A device comprising the battery pack according to claim 14 as a power source.
[Claim 16]
The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the device comprises: a mobile electronic device and a power tool that is driven by a battery-based motor; Electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and the like; Electric two-wheeled vehicles including electric bicycles (E-bikes) and electric scooters (E-scooters); Electric golf cart; Device characterized in that it is a system for power storage