Title of Invention: Battery Module, Battery Pack, and Automobile
technical field
[One]
The present invention relates to a battery module, and more particularly, to a battery module with improved safety against fire or thermal runaway.
[2]
This application is a priority claim application for Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0152649 filed on November 25, 2019, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the application are incorporated herein by reference.
background
[3]
Currently commercialized secondary batteries include nickel cadmium batteries, nickel hydride batteries, nickel zinc batteries, and lithium secondary batteries. Among them, lithium secondary batteries have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based secondary batteries, so charging and discharging are free, The self-discharge rate is very low and the energy density is high, attracting attention.
[4]
These secondary batteries are highly applicable to various product groups and have electrical characteristics with high energy density. Such secondary batteries are being applied to electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles driven by an electric driving source as well as portable electronic devices, power storage devices, and the like.
[5]
Secondary batteries are attracting attention as a new energy source for improving eco-friendliness and energy efficiency in that they do not generate any by-products from the use of energy as well as the primary advantage of dramatically reducing the use of fossil fuels.
[6]
A battery pack applied to an electric vehicle has a structure in which a plurality of battery modules including a plurality of battery cells are connected to obtain high output. In addition, as an electrode assembly, each battery cell can be repeatedly charged and discharged by an electrochemical reaction between components, including positive and negative current collectors, separators, active materials, electrolytes, and the like.
[7]
Meanwhile, in recent years, as the need for a large-capacity structure including use as an energy storage source increases, the demand for a plurality of battery modules in which a plurality of secondary batteries are connected in series and/or in parallel is increasing.
[8]
In such a battery module, a plurality of battery cells (secondary batteries) are provided in a dense form in a narrow space of the module housing. , it was important to quickly discharge the high-temperature gas or flame generated by each battery cell to the outside in order to prevent the spread.
[9]
In addition, in the battery module of the prior art, heat generated due to charging and discharging of a plurality of battery cells was easy to accumulate inside, and in order to reduce the accumulation of heat, external air was introduced to the inside and the internal air was discharged to the outside to cool it. was often composed.
[10]
However, even when a fire occurs in a plurality of battery cells, external air can continuously flow into the battery module, so that oxygen supply is facilitated, which further increases the fire, and there is a serious problem in that the fire spreads to nearby battery cells.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
technical challenge
[11]
Accordingly, the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a battery module with improved safety against fire or thermal runaway.
[12]
Other objects and advantages of the present invention may be understood by the following description, and will become more clearly understood by the examples of the present invention. Further, it will be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the present invention may be realized by the means and combinations thereof indicated in the claims.
means of solving the problem
[13]
The battery module according to the present invention for achieving the above object,
[14]
a cell assembly including at least two battery cells;
[15]
a module housing having an internal space for accommodating the cell assembly, and having a distribution hole so that the internal space is connected to the outside;
[16]
a mesh member having a mesh structure and provided in the flow port of the module housing; and
[17]
It is provided at a position facing the mesh member and the volume expands above a predetermined temperature may include a sealing member configured to close the mesh hole of the mesh member.
[18]
In addition, the sealing member may be provided with a plurality of vent holes perforated to discharge the gas generated inside the module housing to the outside.
[19]
Furthermore, the module housing includes at least two or more fixing members configured to fix the mesh member to the flow port,
[20]
The mesh member may be interposed between the two or more fixing members.
[21]
In addition, the fixing member may be provided with an opening configured to insert the sealing member.
[22]
Further, the sealing member is configured to generate a volume-expanded carbonized layer above a predetermined temperature,
[23]
The mesh member may be provided with a stopper configured to prevent the carbonized layer from moving in a direction through which the carbonized layer of the sealing member passes through the mesh structure by a predetermined distance or more.
[24]
In addition, the sealing member may include a core unit positioned in each of the plurality of vent holes and configured to seal the vent holes and the mesh holes of the mesh member by expanding the volume at a predetermined temperature or more.
[25]
Furthermore, it may further include a discharge member provided on the outside of the sealing member and spaced apart from the sealing member by a predetermined distance and provided with a plurality of discharge holes to discharge the gas to the outside.
[26]
In addition, the outer surface of the discharging member may be provided with a pillar portion protruding in an outward direction so as to seal each of the plurality of vent holes of the sealing member by expanding the volume above a predetermined temperature.
[27]
Furthermore, at least two or more battery cells of the cell assembly may be stacked in one direction, and the cell assembly may include an elastic member configured to cushion a change in volume of the battery cells between the stacked at least two or more battery cells.
[28]
In addition, the battery pack according to the present invention for achieving the above object may include at least one or more of the battery modules.
[29]
Furthermore, the vehicle according to the present invention for achieving the above object may include the battery pack.
Effects of the Invention
[30]
According to one aspect of the present invention, by providing a sealing member configured to seal the mesh member provided in the flow port of the module housing by expanding its volume above a predetermined temperature, fire or thermal runaway of the cell assembly may occur. In this case, the volume of the sealing member is expanded by the high-temperature gas, and the volume-expanded sealing member may seal the mesh member, so that outside air may no longer be introduced into the module housing. Accordingly, the module housing sealed from the outside can prevent the fire of the cell assembly from spreading further, and can ultimately lead to a natural fire extinguishing.
[31]
In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, the sealing member is provided with a plurality of vent holes perforated to discharge the gas generated inside the module housing to the outside. of the gas may be discharged to the outside through a plurality of vent holes of the sealing member. Accordingly, the battery module of the present invention rapidly discharges high-temperature gas to prevent a sudden increase in the temperature inside the module housing, thereby preventing the propagation of thermal runaway fire in adjacent battery cells.
[32]
And, thereafter, the sealing member expands in volume by the high-temperature gas, thereby sealing the plurality of vent holes. Accordingly, external air may not flow into the vent hole of the sealing member and thus external air may no longer be introduced into the module housing. Accordingly, the module housing sealed from the outside can prevent the fire of the cell assembly from spreading further, and can ultimately lead to a natural fire extinguishing.
[33]
Furthermore, according to another aspect of the present invention, the module housing has an upper plate having a bent portion in which the outer periphery is bent at least twice, and a box shape with an open upper portion, the upper end is coupled to the upper plate, and the upper end is bent By providing the lower case having a structure bent at least twice to correspond to the outer surface of the part, it is possible to have a densely sealed structure between the upper plate and the lower case of the module housing. Accordingly, the high-temperature gas generated inside the battery module does not leak out, thereby improving user safety.
Brief description of the drawing
[34]
The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and serve to further understand the technical spirit of the present invention together with the detailed description of the present invention to be described later, so that the present invention is a matter described in those drawings should not be construed as being limited only to
[35]
1 is a perspective view schematically showing a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[36]
Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the components of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention separated.
[37]
3 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating some components of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[38]
4 is a schematic diagram schematically illustrating volume expansion of a material of a sealing member applied to a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[39]
5 is a perspective view schematically showing a mesh member that is a part of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[40]
6 is a front view schematically showing a part of a sealing member of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[41]
7 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing some components of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[42]
8 is a horizontal cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a state in which the sealing member of FIG. 7 is cut in a horizontal direction.
[43]
9 is a horizontal cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a state in which the discharge member of FIG. 7 is cut in a horizontal direction.
[44]
10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the state of the battery module cut along line AA' of FIG.
[45]
11 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an enlarged area B of FIG. 10 .
[46]
12 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an enlarged area C of FIG. 10 .
[47]
13 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a state in which some components of a battery module are separated according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Modes for carrying out the invention
[48]
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, the terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, and the inventor should properly understand the concept of the term in order to best describe his invention. Based on the principle that it can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of ​​the present invention.
[49]
Accordingly, the configuration shown in the embodiments and drawings described in the present specification is only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not represent all of the technical idea of ​​the present invention, so at the time of the present application, various It should be understood that there may be equivalents and variations.
[50]
[51]
1 is a perspective view schematically showing a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the components of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention separated. And, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing some components of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[52]
1 to 3 , the battery module 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cell assembly 100 , a module housing 220 , a mesh member 230 , and a sealing member 240 . are doing
[53]
Here, the cell assembly 100 may include at least two or more battery cells 110 . Also, the battery cell 110 may be a pouch-type battery cell 110 . In particular, the pouch-type battery cell 110 may include an electrode assembly (not shown), an electrolyte (not shown), and a pouch case 115 .
[54]
Here, the electrode assembly may be configured in a form in which one or more positive electrode plates and one or more negative electrode plates are disposed with a separator interposed therebetween. More specifically, the electrode assembly may be classified into a winding type in which one positive electrode plate and one negative electrode plate are wound together with a separator, and a stack type in which a plurality of positive electrode plates and a plurality of negative electrode plates are alternately stacked with a separator interposed therebetween. .
[55]
In addition, the pouch outer case 115 may be configured in a form including an outer insulating layer, a metal layer, and an inner adhesive layer. The pouch outer case 115 includes a metal thin film, for example, an aluminum thin film, to protect internal components such as the electrode assembly and the electrolyte, and to supplement the electrochemical properties of the electrode assembly and the electrolyte and improve heat dissipation. can be composed of In addition, the aluminum thin film is disposed between the insulating layer formed of an insulating material in order to secure electrical insulation with other components outside the battery cell 110 or components inside the battery cell 110 such as the electrode assembly and electrolyte. may be interposed.
[56]
In particular, the pouch outer case 115 may be composed of two pouches, and at least one of them may have a concave inner space formed therein. And, the electrode assembly may be accommodated in the inner space of the pouch. In addition, sealing parts are provided on the outer peripheral surfaces of the two pouches, so that the sealing parts are fused to each other, so that the inner space in which the electrode assembly is accommodated can be sealed. That is, the outer case 115 may include a receiving portion 115c in which the electrode assembly and the electrolyte are accommodated.
[57]
Each of the pouch-type battery cells 110 may be provided with an electrode lead 111 at both ends in the front-rear direction, and the electrode lead 111 may be a positive lead or a negative lead according to an electrical polarity.
[58]
More specifically, the electrode lead 111 may be configured to protrude forward or rearward from a sealing portion located on the outer periphery of the front or rear of the pouch exterior case 115 . In addition, the electrode lead 111 may function as an electrode terminal of the battery cell 110 . For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , one electrode lead 111 may be configured to protrude forwardly from the battery cell 110 , and the other electrode lead 111 may be configured in the battery cell 110 . ) may be configured to protrude rearward from the
[59]
Therefore, according to this configuration of the present invention, in one battery cell 110 , there is no interference between the positive lead and the negative lead, so that the area of ​​the electrode lead 111 can be increased, and the plurality of electrode leads 111 . A welding process between the electrodes or between the electrode leads 111 and a bus bar (not shown) may be more easily performed.
[60]
In addition, a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 110 may be included in the battery module 200 and may be arranged to be stacked in at least one direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , a plurality of pouch-type battery cells 110 may be stacked in a vertical direction. At this time, each of the pouch-type battery cells 110, when viewed in the F direction, has two wide sides respectively located on the left and right sides, and the sealing parts are located on the left, right, front and rear, respectively. can be placed in the form.
[61]
Meanwhile, terms indicating directions such as before, after, left, right, up, and down described in the present specification may vary depending on the position of the observer or the placed shape of the object. However, in the present specification, for convenience of explanation, directions such as front, rear, left, right, top, and bottom are separately indicated with reference to the time when viewed in the F direction.
[62]
The configuration of the pouch-type battery cell 110 described above is obvious to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, and thus a more detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, various battery cells (secondary batteries) known at the time of filing of the present invention may be employed in the cell assembly 100 according to the present invention.
[63]
Meanwhile, the battery module 200 may further include a bus bar (not shown) electrically connecting two or more battery cells 110 of the cell assembly 100 . The bus bar may have a conductive metal to electrically connect the plurality of battery cells 110 . For example, the conductive metal may be copper, a copper alloy, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, or nickel.
[64]
Referring back to FIGS. 1 and 2 , the module housing 220 may serve to protect the internal configuration of the battery module 200 from external impact or prevent the inflow of external substances. Accordingly, the module housing 220 provides structural stability to the battery module 200, and protects the components housed therein, such as the cell assembly 100, from other external physical elements such as impact or material. plays a role To this end, the module housing 220 may be made of a metal material such as steel or aluminum.
[65]
In particular, when the module housing 220 is made of a metal material including aluminum, heat generated in the cell assembly 100 can be effectively discharged to the outside of the module housing 220 by using the high thermal conductivity of aluminum. For example, when viewed in the F direction, the module housing 220 includes a front wall 220a, a rear wall 220b, an upper wall 220c, a lower wall 220d, and a left side with respect to the cell assembly 100 . A wall 220e and a right side wall 220f may be provided.
[66]
In addition, the module housing 220 may have an internal space defined by the sidewall to accommodate the cell assembly 100 . Specifically, the internal space may have an internal structure corresponding to the external shape of the cell assembly 100 .
[67]
For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the module housing 220 has a front wall of the module housing 220 to accommodate the cell assembly 100 formed in a rectangular parallelepiped in its approximate overall shape. 220a , the rear wall 220b , the upper wall 220c , the lower wall 220d , the left wall 220e , and the right wall 220f may be connected to each other to form a right angle.
[68]
On the other hand, the module housing 220, the distribution port (H4) may be formed so that the inner space is connected to the outside. The distribution port H4 may be provided on the front side wall 220a in a perforated form of the module housing 220 . The distribution port H4 may be configured to discharge gas generated from the inside to the outside, or to allow externally cooled air to be introduced into the module housing 220 . For example, a cooling fan (not shown) configured to inject external air into the inside of the module housing 220 may be provided outside the distribution port H4 .
[69]
In addition, the mesh member 230 may be provided in the distribution port H4 of the module housing 220 . The mesh member 230 may have a mesh structure. The size of the mesh eye may be 0.5 mm to 2 mm in size. The mesh member 230 may be provided with a wire 230a connected to the mesh structure on the edge. The mesh member 230 may be configured to allow the gas discharged from the flow port H4 to pass therethrough. Alternatively, the mesh member 230 may serve as a filter so that external substances are filtered before the external air is introduced into the distribution port H4 of the module housing 220 .
[70]
For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , in the battery module 200 , two mesh members 230 may be provided outside the distribution hole H4 of the module housing 220 .
[71]
Moreover, the sealing member 240 may be provided at a position facing the mesh member 230 . For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the sealing member 240 may be interposed between the two mesh members 230 . That is, the sealing member 240 may be positioned to be in close contact with one surface of the two mesh members 230 .
[72]
In addition, the sealing member 240 may be configured to expand in volume above a predetermined temperature to seal the mesh hole of the mesh member 230 . For example, the predetermined temperature may be 200 degrees Celsius or more. In addition, the sealing member 240 may prevent flames, smoke, and high-temperature gas from leaking out. The sealing member 240 may have elasticity that can be easily deformed and returned to its original shape.
[73]
Moreover, the sealing member 240 may have heat insulating properties so that the module housing 220 can be insulated. At least a portion of the sealing member 240 may be, for example, a material of FS1000 manufactured by Saint-Gobain. Alternatively, the sealing member 240 may include graphite flakes that expand in volume at a predetermined temperature.
[74]
4 is a schematic diagram schematically illustrating volume expansion of a material of a sealing member applied to a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[75]
Referring to FIG. 4 , at least a portion of the sealing member 240 may be configured to generate a volume-expanded carbonized layer 241 at a predetermined temperature or higher. The carbonized layer 241 may be a volume-expanded layer in which at least a portion of the sealing member 240 is carbonized. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 , when the central portion of the sealing member 240 is heated to 200 degrees Celsius or more, the central portion is carbonized to cause volume expansion, and the carbonized layer 241 may be generated.
[76]
Therefore, according to this configuration of the present invention, the present invention is a sealing member ( 240), when a fire or thermal runaway of the cell assembly 100 occurs, the volume of the sealing member 240 is expanded by the high-temperature gas, and the volume-expanded sealing member 240 is the mesh member The bar 230 can be sealed, so that external air is no longer introduced into the module housing 220 . Accordingly, the module housing 220 sealed from the outside may prevent the fire of the cell assembly 100 from further spreading and ultimately induce natural fire extinguishing.
[77]
Referring back to FIG. 3 , the sealing member 240 may be provided with a plurality of perforated vent holes H1 . The vent hole H1 may be configured to discharge gas generated inside the module housing 220 to the outside. Alternatively, the vent hole H1 may pass so that external air is introduced into the module housing 220 . For example, as shown in FIG. 3 , 22 vent holes H1 may be drilled in the front and rear directions in the sealing member 240 .
[78]
In addition, the sealing member 240 may expand in volume above a predetermined temperature to seal the plurality of vent holes H1 . Here, the predetermined temperature may be 200 degrees Celsius or more.
[79]
Therefore, according to this configuration of the present invention, the sealing member 240 is provided with a plurality of vent holes (H1) perforated to discharge the gas generated inside the module housing 220 to the outside, so that the cell assembly 100 ), when a fire or thermal runaway occurs, initially high-temperature gas may be discharged to the outside through the plurality of vent holes H1 of the sealing member 240 . Accordingly, the battery module 200 of the present invention rapidly discharges high-temperature gas to prevent the temperature inside the module housing 220 from rising rapidly, thereby preventing the fire in the adjacent battery cell 110 from propagating thermal runaway. can be stopped
[80]
Also, thereafter, the sealing member 240 expands in volume by the high-temperature gas, thereby sealing the plurality of vent holes H1. Accordingly, external air may not flow into the vent hole H1 of the sealing member 240 so that external air may no longer be introduced into the module housing 220 . Accordingly, the module housing 220 sealed from the outside may prevent the fire of the cell assembly 100 from further spreading and ultimately induce natural fire extinguishing.
[81]
And, referring back to FIGS. 2 and 3 , the module housing 220 may include at least two or more fixing members 250 configured to fix the mesh member 230 to the flow port H4. . The fixing member 250 may have a plate body extending vertically and horizontally.
[82]
In addition, an open opening H2 may be formed in the center of the plate body of the fixing member 250 to allow external air to flow. For example, the opening H2 of the fixing member 250 may have a size corresponding to the size of the distribution port H4. A fastener H5 may be formed at each of the upper and lower ends of the fixing member 250 to be bolted to the module housing 220 . The sealing member 240 may be inserted into the open opening H2 of the two or more fixing members 250 . For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , the sealing member 240 may be inserted into the open openings H2 of the four fixing members 250 .
[83]
The mesh member 230 may be interposed between the two or more fixing members 250 . For example, as shown in FIG. 3 , one mesh member 230 may be interposed between the two fixing members 250 to fix the position of the mesh member 230 .
[84]
5 is a perspective view schematically showing a mesh member that is a part of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[85]
Referring to FIG. 5 together with FIG. 3 , the mesh member 230A of the battery module according to another embodiment of FIG. 5 is further provided with a plurality of stoppers 245 when compared to the mesh member 230 of FIG. 3 . Except for the above, the rest of the configurations may be the same.
[86]
The stopper 245 may be provided on the outer surface of the mesh member 230A in a direction opposite to the direction in which the sealing member 240 is located. The stopper 245 is, when the carbonized layer (FIGS. 4 and 241) of the sealing member 240 passes through the mesh structure m1 of the mesh member 230A, the carbonized layer is more than a predetermined distance. It may be configured to resist movement in a pierced direction.
[87]
For example, the stopper 245 may have an 'L' shape. That is, the stopper 245 may include a lower portion 245a connected to one surface of the mesh member 230A in an outer direction and a rear portion 245b extending in an upper direction from an outer end of the lower portion 245a. can For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , six stoppers 245 may be provided on the outer surface of the mesh member 230A.
[88]
Therefore, according to this configuration of the present invention, when the carbonized layer generated by the mesh member 230A of the sealing member 240 passes through the mesh structure m1, the carbonized layer is penetrated by a predetermined distance or more. Since the stopper 245 configured to prevent movement in the direction is provided, it is possible to prevent the carbonized layer of the sealing member 240 from penetrating and detaching from the mesh structure m1 . Accordingly, the reliability of the sealing member 240 completely sealing the mesh member 230A can be increased. Ultimately, the safety of the battery module 200 may be improved.
[89]
6 is a front view schematically showing a part of a sealing member of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[90]
Referring to FIG. 6 , the sealing member 240A of the battery module according to another embodiment of FIG. 6 is different from the sealing member 240 of FIG. 3 in that it further includes a core unit 247 . Have. However, other configurations of the sealing member 240A of FIG. 6 may be the same as the sealing member 240 of FIG. 3 .
[91]
The core unit 247 may be located in each of the plurality of vent holes H1 . The core unit 247 may have a shape connected to a portion of the vent hole H1. As shown in FIG. 6 , the core unit 247 may have a cross shape in the front view extending in the vertical direction and left and right directions. The core unit 247 may be configured to be connected to an upper inner surface, a lower inner surface, a left inner surface, and a right inner surface of the vent hole H1 . The core unit 247 may be configured to expand in volume above a predetermined temperature to seal the vent hole H1 and the mesh hole of the mesh member 230 .
[92]
Therefore, according to this configuration of the present invention, the discharge member 260 is located in each of the plurality of vent holes H1 and expands in volume at a predetermined temperature or higher, so that the vent hole H1 and the mesh member ( By providing the core unit 247 configured to seal the mesh hole of the 230 , the sealing member 240A may more rapidly close the vent hole H1 at a predetermined temperature or higher. In addition, the core unit 247 may help the vent hole H1 to be more completely sealed.
[93]
7 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing some components of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention. And, FIG. 8 is a horizontal cross-sectional view schematically showing the state which cut|disconnected the sealing member of FIG. 7 in the horizontal direction. 9 is a horizontal cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a state in which the discharge member of FIG. 7 is cut in a horizontal direction.
[94]
7 to 9 , the battery module 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include a discharge member 260 having a plurality of discharge holes H3. The discharge member 260 may be provided outside the sealing member 240B. The discharge member 260 may be spaced apart from the sealing member 240B by a predetermined distance. The plurality of discharge holes H3 may be configured such that a high-temperature gas formed due to a fire or thermal runaway of the cell assembly 100 is discharged to the outside. At this time, each of the discharge member 260 and the sealing member 240B expands in volume above a predetermined temperature, so that the discharge hole H3 and the vent hole H1 may be spaced apart from each other by a distance that can be disposed. have.
[95]
A pillar part 265 protruding outward may be provided on the outer surface of the discharge member 260 . The pillar portion 265 may be configured to expand in volume above a predetermined temperature to seal each of the plurality of vent holes H1 of the sealing member 240B. For example, at least a portion of the discharge member 260 may be, for example, a material of FS1000 manufactured by Saint-Gobain. Alternatively, the discharge member 260 may include graphite flakes that expand in volume at a predetermined temperature.
[96]
For example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9 , the discharge member 260 may have a plurality of pillar portions 265 as many as the number of the plurality of vent holes H1 of the sealing member 240B. can The plurality of pillar portions 265 may be formed at positions facing each of the plurality of vent holes H1 in the front-rear direction.
[97]
In addition, the sealing member 240B of FIG. 7 may further include a plurality of insertion portions 246 as compared to the sealing member 240 of FIG. 3 . The plurality of insertion portions 246 may be formed on one surface of the sealing member 240B facing the discharge member 260 . The insertion part 246 has a columnar structure protruding toward each of the plurality of discharge holes H3 so that the volume expands above a predetermined temperature to seal each of the plurality of discharge holes H3 of the discharge member 260. can have The plurality of insertion portions 246 may be formed at positions corresponding to each of the plurality of discharge holes H3 of the sealing member 240B.
[98]
Therefore, according to this configuration of the present invention, the battery module of the present invention is provided on the outside of the discharge member 260, is spaced apart from the discharge member 260 by a predetermined distance, and a plurality of discharge holes to discharge the gas to the outside. It further includes a discharge member 260 having a (H3), and the volume is expanded above a predetermined temperature on the outer surface of the discharge member 260 to provide a plurality of vent holes H1 of the sealing member 240B, respectively. Since the pillar part 265 protruding outward to seal is provided, the discharge member 260 can effectively seal the plurality of vent holes H1 of the sealing member 240B, so that outside air is sealed. It may be prevented from flowing into the vent hole H1 of the member 240B.
[99]
Accordingly, external air is no longer introduced into the module housing 220 , and the module housing 220 sealed with the outside prevents further propagation of the fire in the cell assembly 100 , and ultimately natural fire extinguishing. can be induced.
[100]
In addition, as a plurality of insertion parts 246 are provided in the sealing member 240B to seal each of the plurality of discharge holes H3 formed in the discharge member 260 at a temperature above a predetermined temperature, external air flows into the discharge member Since it cannot flow into the discharge hole H3 of the 260 , the outside air can no longer be introduced into the module housing 220 . Accordingly, the module housing 220 sealed from the outside may prevent the fire of the cell assembly 100 from further spreading and ultimately induce natural fire extinguishing.
[101]
10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the state of the battery module cut along line AA' of FIG.
[102]
Again, referring to FIG. 10 together with FIG. 2 , at least two battery cells 110 of the cell assembly 100 may be stacked in one direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , six battery cells 110 may be accommodated in a vertically stacked form within the module housing 220 . The cell assembly 100 may further include an elastic member 270 configured to cushion a volume change of the battery cell 110 between the stacked at least two or more battery cells 110 .
[103]
The elastic member 270 may be compressed when gas is generated and expanded inside the at least two battery cells 110 . Thereafter, when the gas is discharged from the at least two battery cells 110 , the elastic member 270 applies pressure (elastic force) to the at least two battery cells 110 while returning to its original shape. can Accordingly, the elastic member 270 may help the gas to be discharged from each of the at least two battery cells 110 provided in the cell assembly 100 to the outside.
[104]
Accordingly, according to this configuration of the present invention, the cell assembly 100 is provided with an elastic member 270 configured to buffer a change in the volume of the battery cell 110 between the stacked at least two or more battery cells 110 . Accordingly, when a fire or thermal runaway occurs in the cell assembly 100 , it is possible to quickly discharge gas to the outside of the module housing 220 by helping to discharge gas from at least two or more battery cells 110 . Accordingly, the battery module 200 of the present invention rapidly discharges high-temperature gas to prevent the temperature inside the module housing 220 from rising rapidly, thereby preventing the fire in the adjacent battery cell 110 from propagating thermal runaway. can be stopped
[105]
11 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an enlarged area B of FIG. 10 .
[106]
Referring to FIG. 11 together with FIGS. 2 and 10 , the module housing 220 may include an upper plate 226 and a lower case 227 . Specifically, the upper plate 226 may include a bent portion 226b in which the outer periphery is bent at least twice in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. Also, the lower case 227 may have a box shape with an open top.
[107]
In addition, a box-shaped upper end of the lower case 227 may be coupled to the upper plate 226 . The box-shaped upper end may have a structure 227b bent at least twice to correspond to the outer surface of the bent portion 226b of the upper plate 226 . The upper plate 226 and the lower case 227 are not limited only to such a bent coupling structure. For example, the upper plate 226 and the lower case 227 may have a seaming structure and a clamping structure. ) structure, or a hemming structure.
[108]
The module housing 220 includes a sealing member (not shown) interposed between the bent portion 226b and the outer periphery of the lower case 227 bent to correspond to the outer surface of the bent portion 226b. more can be provided. The sealing member may be, for example, a gasket made of a silicon material.
[109]
Accordingly, according to this configuration of the present invention, the module housing 220 has an upper plate 226 having a bent portion 226b in which the outer periphery is bent at least twice, and a box shape with an open upper portion. By having a lower case 227 having a structure 227b in which the upper end is coupled to the upper plate 226 and the upper end is bent at least twice to correspond to the outer surface of the bent portion 226b, the module housing 220 ) between the upper plate 226 and the lower case 227 may have a densely sealed structure. Accordingly, the high-temperature gas generated inside the battery module does not leak out, thereby improving user safety.
[110]
12 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an enlarged area C of FIG. 10 .
[111]
Referring back to FIG. 12 together with FIG. 10 , the battery module 200 of the present invention may further include a heat transfer sheet 280 and cooling fins 285 . The heat transfer sheet 280 may be configured to be positioned in close contact with the inner surface of the module housing 220 . The heat transfer sheet 280 may be provided on each of the left and right inner surfaces of the module housing 220 .
[112]
The cooling fins 285 may have a plate shape. The plate shape may have a size corresponding to one side of the battery cell 110 . A portion of the cooling fins 285 may be interposed between the at least two battery cells 110 . The cooling fin 285 may have a structure 285b in which an outer periphery is bent in one direction. Through the bent structure 285b, an outer periphery of the cooling fin 285 may be configured to contact the heat transfer sheet 280 .
[113]
Accordingly, according to this configuration of the present invention, the heat transfer sheet 280 configured to be positioned in close contact with the inner surface of the module housing 220, and the plate shape are interposed between the at least two battery cells 110 and By further including a cooling fin 285 bent in one direction so that the peripheral portion is in contact with the heat transfer sheet 280 , heat generated during charging and discharging of the cell assembly 100 can be effectively transferred to the module housing 220 . . Accordingly, the cooling efficiency of the battery module 200 may be increased.
[114]
13 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a state in which some components of a battery module are separated according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[115]
Referring to FIG. 13 , the module housing 220 of the battery module 200A according to another embodiment of the present invention may include an intermediate case 229 , a top plate 228 , and a lower plate 225 . have.
[116]
The intermediate case 229 may include sidewalls 229a having upper and lower portions open and extending in a horizontal direction to form an inner space. A coupling portion 229b bent at least twice in an outward direction may be provided at each of the upper and lower ends of the sidewall 229a. Here, the 'outward direction' may mean a direction opposite to the direction in which the cell assembly 100 is located.
[117]
In addition, the top plate 228 may have a plate shape configured to be mounted on the intermediate case 229 . The top plate 228 may have a structure 228b in which an outer periphery portion is bent at least twice to correspond to an outer surface of the coupling portion 229b. The coupling portion 229b formed at the upper end of the intermediate case 229 and the bent structure 228b are coupled to each other to seal between the top plate 228 and the intermediate case 229 .
[118]
Furthermore, the lower plate 225 may have a plate shape configured to be positioned below the intermediate case 229 . The lower plate 225 may have a structure 225b in which an outer periphery is bent at least two times to correspond to an outer surface of the coupling portion 229b. The coupling portion 229b formed at the lower end of the intermediate case 229 and the bent structure 225b may seal between the lower plate 225 and the intermediate case 229 .
[119]
Accordingly, according to this configuration of the present invention, each of the top plate 228 and the lower plate 225 has bent structures 228b and 225b configured to be coupled to the coupling portion 229b of the intermediate case 229 . Accordingly, the module housing 220 may have a dense sealing structure. Accordingly, in the battery module 200A, the high-temperature gas generated inside does not leak out, thereby improving user safety.
[120]
In addition, the battery pack (not shown) according to the present invention may include at least one or more of the battery modules 200 . Furthermore, the battery pack according to the present invention, in addition to the battery module 200, a pack case for accommodating the battery module 200, various devices for controlling the charging and discharging of the battery module 200, such as BMS, current A sensor, a fuse, etc. may be further included.
[121]
Also, the battery pack according to the present invention may be applied to a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. That is, the vehicle according to the present invention may include the battery pack according to the present invention.
[122]
Meanwhile, in this specification, terms indicating directions such as up, down, left, right, front, and back are used, but these terms are for convenience of explanation only, and may vary depending on the location of the object or the position of the observer. It is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may
[123]
[124]
As described above, although the present invention has been described with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the technical idea of ​​the present invention and the following by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. Of course, various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of equivalents of the claims to be described.
[125]
[Explanation of code]
[126]
200: battery module
[127]
100: cell assembly 110: battery cell
[128]
111: electrode lead 220: module housing
[129]
230: mesh member 240: sealing member
[130]
H1: Vent hole H4: Distribution port
[131]
250: fixing member
[132]
H2: opening 245: stopper
[133]
247: core unit 260: exhaust member
[134]
H3: discharge hole 265: column part
[135]
270: elastic member 280: heat transfer sheet
[136]
285: cooling fins 226: top plate
[137]
227: lower case 228: top plate
[138]
229: middle case 225: lower plate
Industrial Applicability
[139]
The present invention relates to a battery module. In addition, the present invention can be applied to a battery pack including the battery module and industries related to automobiles.
Claims
[Claim 1]
a cell assembly including at least two battery cells; a module housing having an internal space for accommodating the cell assembly, and having a distribution hole so that the internal space is connected to the outside; a mesh member having a mesh structure and provided in the flow port of the module housing; and a sealing member provided at a position facing the mesh member and configured to seal the mesh hole of the mesh member by expanding in volume above a predetermined temperature.
[Claim 2]
The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the sealing member is provided with a plurality of vent holes for discharging the gas generated inside the module housing to the outside.
[Claim 3]
The battery module according to claim 2, wherein the module housing includes at least two fixing members configured to fix the mesh member to the flow port, and the mesh member is interposed between the two or more fixing members. .
[Claim 4]
The battery module according to claim 3, wherein the fixing member is provided with an opening through which the sealing member is inserted.
[Claim 5]
According to claim 2, wherein the sealing member is configured to generate a volume-expanded carbonized layer above a predetermined temperature, and the mesh member, when the carbonized layer generated of the sealing member passes through the mesh structure, the carbonized layer A battery module comprising a stopper configured to prevent movement in the penetrating direction beyond this predetermined distance.
[Claim 6]
According to claim 2, wherein the sealing member, each of which is located in the plurality of vent holes and expands in volume above a predetermined temperature, characterized in that provided with a core unit configured to seal the vent hole and the mesh hole of the mesh member. battery module with
[Claim 7]
According to claim 2, further comprising a discharge member provided outside the sealing member, spaced apart from the sealing member by a predetermined distance, and provided with a plurality of discharge holes to discharge the gas to the outside, the outer surface of the discharge member The battery module, characterized in that it is provided with a pillar portion protruding outward to seal each of the plurality of vent holes of the sealing member when the volume expands above a predetermined temperature.
[Claim 8]
According to claim 2, wherein the at least two or more battery cells of the cell assembly are stacked in one direction, the cell assembly is provided with an elastic member configured to buffer a change in volume of the battery cells between the stacked at least two or more battery cells A battery module, characterized in that.
[Claim 9]
A battery pack comprising at least one battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
[Claim 10]
A vehicle comprising the battery pack according to claim 9 .