TECHNICAL FIELD
The present disclosure relates to a battery module, a battery pack comprising the
same and a vehicle, and more particularly, to a battery module with enhanced stability
against fire and explosion, a battery pack comprising the same and a vehicle.
The present application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-
10 0097562 filed on August 4, 2020 in the Republic of Korea, the disclosures of which are
incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND ART
Recently, with the rapid increase in demand for portable electronic products such
15 as laptop computers, video cameras and mobile phones and the extensive development of
electric vehicles, accumulators for energy storage, robots and satellites, many studies are
being made on high performance secondary batteries that can be repeatedly recharged.
Currently, commercially available secondary batteries include nickel-cadmium
batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium secondary batteries and
20 the like, and among them, lithium secondary batteries have little or no memory effect, and
thus they are gaining more attention than nickel-based secondary batteries for their
advantages that recharging can be done whenever it is convenient, the self-discharge rate is
very low and the energy density is high.
3
These lithium secondary battery mainly uses lithium-based oxide and carbon
material as a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material,
respectively. In addition, this lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly in
which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate respectively coated with the
5 positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are disposed
with a separator interposed therebetween, and an exterior, namely a battery case, for
hermetically accommodating the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte.
In addition, depending on the shape of the exterior, lithium secondary batteries
may be classified into a can-type secondary battery in which the electrode assembly is
10 included in a metal can and a pouch-type secondary battery in which the electrode
assembly is included in a pouch made of an aluminum laminate sheet.
In particular, the demand for large-capacity battery modules applied to electric
vehicles and the like is increasing recently. The large-capacity battery module includes a
plurality of battery cells, and thus, when a fire or explosion occurs in some of the plurality
15 of battery cells, flames and high-temperature gas are discharged to increase the
temperature of other adjacent battery cells, which may propagate fire or thermal runaway,
leading to a secondary explosion. Accordingly, there is a need for a method to increase
the stability against fire or gas explosion of the battery module.
20 DISCLOSURE
Technical Problem
The present disclosure is designed to solve the problems of the related art, and
therefore the present disclosure is directed to providing a battery module with enhanced
4
stability against fire and explosion, a battery pack comprising the same and a vehicle.
These and other objects and advantages of the present disclosure may be
understood from the following detailed description and will become more fully apparent
from the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Also, it will be easily
5 understood that the objects and advantages of the present disclosure may be realized by the
means shown in the appended claims and combinations thereof.
Technical Solution
In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a battery module,
10 comprising:
a plurality of battery cells configured to have electrode terminals respectively
formed at one end and the other end thereof and have a vent unit that is opened to
discharge gas to the outside when an internal pressure increases over a predetermined
level;
15 a cell frame configured to have an accommodation space for accommodating the
plurality of battery cells and have a plurality of exposure holes opened so that the gas
discharged from the battery cell moves to the outside;
a screen member fixed to the cell frame to seal the exposure hole and configured
to open a region thereof corresponding to the exposure hole by a gas pressure when gas is
20 discharged from the vent unit of the battery cell; and
a protection plate configured to fix the screen member and have a plurality of
communication holes located corresponding to the exposure holes.
Also, the screen member may include a heat-resistant sheet provided in close
5
contact with an outer surface of the cell frame to seal the exposure hole and configured
such that a portion thereof facing the exposure hole is raptured by the gas pressure to open
the exposure hole, and
the protection plate may be located at an outer side of the heat-resistant sheet so
5 that the heat-resistant sheet is fixed to the outer surface of the cell frame.
In addition, the protection plate may include a rib protruding outward from an
outer circumference of the communication hole.
Further, the protection plate may further include a perforating needle configured to
perforate a part of the heat-resistant sheet when a portion of the heat-resistant sheet facing
10 the exposure hole expands by the gas pressure.
Also, the heat-resistant sheet may include a rupture portion formed to have a
relatively smaller sheet thickness than other portion.
Moreover, the screen member may further include an adhesive sheet attached to
the protection plate to seal the communication hole and configured to be detached from the
15 protection plate by an explosion pressure when the battery cell explodes.
In addition, the screen member may include a heat-resistant film coated in the
exposure hole to seal the exposure hole.
Further, the battery module may further comprise a module case having an inner
space configured to accommodate the cell frame, and a staying space formed between an
20 outer wall thereof and the cell frame spaced apart from each other to temporarily
accommodate gas discharged from the battery cell and configured to communicate with the
communication hole.
In addition, to achieve the above-described object, a battery pack of the present
6
disclosure includes at least one battery module.
Further, to achieve the above-described object, a vehicle of the present disclosure
includes at least one battery module.
5 Advantageous Effects
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, since the present disclosure
includes the screen member configured to seal the exposure hole and to open the exposure
hole by gas pressure and the protection plate configured to fix the screen member, the gas
generated inside the cell frame may be discharged to the outside through the open exposure
10 hole and the communication hole. Since the gas discharged to the outside of the cell
frame is not able to flow into other exposure holes sealed by the screen member, it is
possible to effectively prevent fire or thermal runaway from propagating to other battery
cells adjacent to the battery cell where the fire or thermal runaway has occurred.
Accordingly, in the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a safe battery module.
15 In addition, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, since the
present disclosure includes the heat-resistant sheet having the rupture portion with a
relatively smaller thickness, it is possible to prevent in advance the case in which, even
though gas is discharged from some battery cells, the exposure hole is not opened since the
heat-resistant sheet is not ruptured. Accordingly, in the present disclosure, the exposure
20 hole may be reliably opened, thereby preventing that the discharged gas stays inside the
cell frame to increase the temperature of other adjacent battery cells and thus propagate
thermal runaway. Ultimately, the safety of the battery module may be effectively
improved.
7
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The accompanying drawings illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present
disclosure and together with the foregoing disclosure, serve to provide further
5 understanding of the technical features of the present disclosure, and thus, the present
disclosure is not construed as being limited to the drawing.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a battery module according to
the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 2 is a bottom view schematically showing the battery module according to
10 the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the battery module
according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view schematically showing a battery cell of the battery
module according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
15 FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing some components of a battery
module according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 is a partially sectioned view schematically showing a part of the battery
module, taken along the line C-C’ of FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a partially sectioned view schematically showing a part of a battery
20 module according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 8 is a partially sectioned view schematically showing a part of a battery
module according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 9 is a plan view schematically showing a battery module according to the
8
fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 10 is a plan view schematically showing a battery module according to the
sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 11 is a plan view schematically showing a battery module according to the
5 seventh embodiment of the present disclosure.
BEST MODE
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in
detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to the description, it should be
10 understood that the terms used in the specification and the appended claims should not be
construed as limited to general and dictionary meanings, but interpreted based on the
meanings and concepts corresponding to technical aspects of the present disclosure on the
basis of the principle that the inventor is allowed to define terms appropriately for the best
explanation.
15 Therefore, the description proposed herein is just a preferable example for the
purpose of illustrations only, not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, so it should
be understood that other equivalents and modifications could be made thereto without
departing from the scope of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a battery module according to
20 the first embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a bottom view schematically
showing the battery module according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the battery module
according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. Also, FIG. 4 is a sectional
9
view schematically showing a battery cell of the battery module according to the first
embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, the battery module 100 according to the first
embodiment of the present disclosure includes a plurality of battery cells 110, a cell frame
5 120, a screen member 130, and a protection plate 140.
Here, the battery cell 110 may include an electrode assembly 116, a battery can
112, and a cap assembly 113.
The electrode assembly 116 may have a structure in which a positive electrode
plate and a negative electrode plate are wound with a separator interposed therebetween.
10 Also, a positive electrode tab 114 may be attached to the positive electrode plate and
connected to the cap assembly 113, and a negative electrode tab 115 may be attached to the
negative electrode plate and connected to a lower end of the battery can 112.
The battery can 112 may have an empty space formed therein to accommodate the
electrode assembly 116 therein. In particular, the battery can 112 may be configured in a
15 cylindrical shape with an open top. Also, the battery can 112 may be made of a metal
material such as steel or aluminum to secure rigidity. In addition, the negative electrode
tab may attached to the lower end of the battery can 112 so that not only a lower portion of
the battery can 112 but also the battery can 112 itself may function as the negative
electrode terminal 111.
20 In addition, the battery cell 110 may have electrode terminals 111 located at one
end and the other end thereof, respectively. The plurality of battery cells 110 may be
electrically connected by a bus bar (not shown) having a metal material. The bus bar may
be in the form of a wire or a metal plate. The plurality of battery cells 110 may be
10
electrically connected in series, in parallel, or in series and in parallel by the bus bar. For
example, although not shown, the bus bar may be accommodated in a recessed groove
portion of the cell frame 120 so as not to protrude to the outside of the cell frame 120.
The cap assembly 113 may be coupled to a top opening of the battery can 112 to
5 seal the open end of the battery can 112. The cap assembly 113 may have a circular or
rectangular shape depending on the shape of the battery can 112, and may include subcomponents such as a top cap C1, a vent unit C2, and a gasket C3.
Here, the top cap C1 may be located at an uppermost portion of the cap assembly
113 and configured to protrude upward. In particular, the top cap C1 may function as the
10 positive electrode terminal 111 in the battery cell 110. Accordingly, the top cap C1 may
be electrically connected to another battery cell 110 or a charging device through an
external device, for example a bus bar. The top cap C1 may be formed of, for example, a
metal material such as stainless steel or aluminum.
In addition, the vent unit C2 may be configured such that the shape of the vent unit
15 C2 is deformed (ruptured) when the internal pressure of the battery cell 110, namely the
internal pressure of the battery can 112, increases over a predetermined level, so that the
gas inside the battery can 112 may be discharged to the outside through an opening D of
the top cap C1. Here, the predetermined level of the internal pressure may be 5 to 10
atmospheres.
20 Moreover, the gasket C3 may be made of a material having electric insulation so
that edge portions of the top cap C1 and the vent unit C2 may be insulated from the battery
can 112.
Meanwhile, the cap assembly 113 may further include a current interrupt device
11
C4. The current interrupt device C4 is also called CID. When the internal pressure of
the battery increases due to gas generation so that the shape of the vent unit C2 is reversed,
the contact between the vent unit C2 and the current interrupt device C4 may be cut off or
the current interrupt device C4 may be damaged to block the electrical connection between
5 the vent unit C2 and the electrode assembly 116.
The configuration of the battery cell 110 is widely known to those skilled in the art
at the time of filing of this application and thus will not be described in detail here. In
addition, although an example of the battery cell 110 is illustrated in FIG. 3, the battery
module 100 according to the present disclosure is not limited to the configuration of the
10 battery cell 110 having a specific shape. That is, various types of battery cells 110 known
at the time of filing of this application may be employed in the battery module 100
according to the present disclosure.
In addition, the cell frame 120 may have an accommodation space for
accommodating the plurality of battery cells 110 therein. The cell frame 120 may have a
15 plurality of hollows H in a size corresponding to the battery cells 110 to accommodate the
battery cells 110. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the cell frame 120 may include a first
frame 121 and a second frame 122. The plurality of hollows H may be formed in each of
the first frame 121 and the second frame 122. The plurality of hollows H may have a
shape extending in a vertical direction from the top to the bottom of the cell frame 120.
20 That is, the cell frame 120 may have a plurality of exposure holes P1. The exposure hole
P1 may be opened so that the gas discharged from the battery cell 110 moves to the outside.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the plurality of exposure holes P1 may be formed
in each of an upper portion and a lower portion of the cell frame 120. The exposure hole
12
P1 may be formed at a position corresponding to the vent unit C2 of the battery cell 110.
For example, in the battery cell 110 of FIG. 4, since the vent unit C2 is located at the top
end of the battery cell 110, the exposure hole P1 may be provided at the top end of the
battery cell 110. More specifically, the exposure hole P1 may be provided at a position
5 adjacent to the opening D of the top cap C1 through which the gas discharged from the
vent unit C2 is discharged to the outside of the battery can 112.
Preferably, the exposure hole P1 may be formed in a size capable of covering of
the opening D of the battery can 112 entirely. For example, referring to FIG. 4 as an
example, the top cap C1 of the battery can 112 may have a ring-shaped opening D. In
10 this case, the diameter of the exposure hole P1 may be configured to be greater than or
equal to the diameter of the ring-shaped opening D.
The screen member 130 may be fixed to the cell frame 120 to seal the exposure
hole P1. In this case, for the fixing, for example, an adhesive may be used so that the
screen member 130 is attached to the outer surface of the cell frame 120. The screen
15 member 130 may be configured such that, when gas is discharged from the vent unit C2 of
the battery cell 110 to the exposure hole P1, a region thereof corresponding to the exposure
hole P1 among the entire region of the screen member 130 is ruptured and opened by the
gas pressure. In other words, the screen member 130 seals the exposure hole P1 at
ordinary time, but when a gas explosion occurs in some battery cells 110 among the
20 plurality of battery cells 110, the screen member 130 may be configured such that a region
thereof corresponding to the exposure hole P1 facing the some battery cells 110 is
converted from a sealed state to an open state by the gas explosion pressure.
In addition, the protection plate 140 may be configured to fix the screen member
13
130. For example, the protection plate 140 may be located in close contact with the outer
surface of the screen member 130 so that the screen member 130 is fixed on the cell frame
120. That is, the screen member 130 may be interposed between the protection plate 140
and the cell frame 120. For example, after an adhesive is applied to the outer surface of
5 the screen member 130 attached to the outer surface of the cell frame 120, the protection
plate 140 may be bonded to the outer surface of the screen member 130.
Further, the protection plate 140 may have a plate shape extending in a horizontal
direction. The protection plate 140 may include a plurality of communication holes P2
located corresponding to the exposure holes P1. Therefore, ultimately, the vent unit C2
10 of the battery cell 110, the opening D of the top cap C1, the exposure hole P1, and the
communication hole P2 may all be positioned on the same line. Accordingly, the
discharge path of the gas is minimized, and thus the gas may be smoothly discharged to the
outside of the battery cell 110. According to this configuration of the present disclosure,
since the present disclosure includes the screen member 130 configured to seal the
15 exposure hole P1 and ruptured in a region corresponding to the exposure hole P1 by gas
pressure and the protection plate 140 configured to fix the screen member 130, the gas
generated inside the cell frame 120 may be discharged to the outside through the open
exposure hole P1 and the communication hole P2 communicating with the exposure hole
P1. Since the gas discharged to the outside of the cell frame 120 is not able to flow into
20 other exposure holes P1 sealed by the screen member 130, it is possible to effectively
prevent fire or thermal runaway from propagating to other battery cells 110 adjacent to the
battery cell 110 where the fire or thermal runaway has occurred. Accordingly, in the
present disclosure, it is possible to provide a safe battery module 100.
14
More specifically, the screen member 130 may include a heat-resistant sheet 131
having a heat-resistant material. For example, the heat-resistant material may be
polycarbonate. The heat-resistant sheet 131 may be in close contact with the outer
surface of the cell frame 120 to seal the exposure hole P1. The heat-resistant sheet 131
5 may have a predetermined thickness so that, when the battery cell 110 explodes, a portion
thereof facing the exposure hole P1 is ruptured by the pressure of the gas discharged
during the explosion. For example, the thickness of the heat-resistant sheet 131 may be
0.05 mm to 0.1 mm. As a portion of the heat-resistant sheet 131 is ruptured, gas may be
discharged to the outside of the cell frame 120 through the exposure hole P1.
10 In addition, the protection plate 140 may have an electric insulating plastic
material. For example, the protection plate 140 may include polyvinyl chloride. The
protection plate 140 may be located at an outer side of the heat-resistant sheet 131 so that
the heat-resistant sheet 131 is fixed to the outer surface of the cell frame 120. For
example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the battery module 100 of the present disclosure may
15 include the screen member 130 and the protection plate 140 at the upper portion and the
lower portion of the cell frame 120, respectively. At this time, the protection plate 140
may be fixed to the outer surface of the heat-resistant sheet 131 so that, except for a portion
of the heat-resistant sheet 131 facing the exposure hole P1, the remaining portion of the
heat-resistant sheet 131 comes into close contact with the outer surface of the cell frame
20 120.
Therefore, according to this configuration of the present disclosure, since the
present disclosure includes the heat-resistant sheet 131 and the protection plate 140 for
fixing the heat-resistant sheet 131, a region of the heat-resistant sheet 131 corresponding to
15
the exposure hole P1 may be opened by the gas discharged from some battery cells 110 to
effectively discharge the gas to the outside of the cell frame 120, and the battery cells 110
are not easily damaged by the flame, thereby safely protecting other battery cells 110
where thermal runaway or fire does not occur. That is, in the present disclosure, the
5 sealed state of the exposure holes P1 of the cell frame 120 facing the remaining battery
cells 110 may be continuously maintained, except for the battery cells 110 where the
explosion has occurred, thereby effectively preventing secondary explosion, fire or thermal
runaway from propagating.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing some components of a battery
10 module according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. Also, FIG. 6 is a
partially sectioned view schematically showing a part of the battery module, taken along
the line C-C’ of FIG. 5.
Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6 along with FIG. 3, the battery module 100 according to
the second embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a module case 150.
15 The module case 150 may have an inner space configured to accommodate the cell frame
120 therein. That is, the module case 150 may include an outer wall 150a of a rectangular
box shape with an empty interior.
In addition, the module case 150 may have a staying space S formed between an
outer wall 150a thereof and the cell frame 120 spaced apart from each other. The staying
20 space S may communicate with the communication hole P2. The staying space S may be
configured to temporarily accommodate the gas discharged from the battery cell 110.
Therefore, according to this configuration of the present disclosure, the present
disclosure is configured such that the high-temperature gas discharged by the explosion of
16
the battery cell 110 temporarily stays in the staying space S, and it is possible to prevent
the gas from flowing again into the cell frame 120 through other exposure holes P1 by
means of the heat-resistant sheet 131 interposed between the cell frame 120 and the
protection plate 140. Accordingly, the discharged gas is not discharged to the outside of
5 the module case 150, thereby preventing damage to a person or other devices located near
the battery module 100.
FIG. 7 is a partially sectioned view schematically showing a part of a battery
module according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to FIG. 7 along with FIG. 5, the battery module according to the third
10 embodiment of the present disclosure is different from the battery module 100 according to
the first embodiment of FIG. 6, in that the protection plate 140A further includes a rib 141.
However, other components of the battery module according to the third embodiment of
FIG. 7 are the same as those of the battery module 100 of the first embodiment of FIG. 1
and thus will not be described again.
15 The protection plate 140A of the battery module 100 according to the third
embodiment of the present disclosure may include a rib 141 protruding from an outer
circumference of the communication hole P2 in the outward direction (toward the outer
wall 150a of the module case 150). The rib 141 may have a tubular shape communicating
with the communication hole P2. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the protection plate
20 140A fixed to the heat-resistant sheet 131 may include a rib 141 protruding upward from
the outer circumference of the communication hole P2.
Therefore, according to this configuration of the present disclosure, since the
present disclosure further includes the rib 141 on the protection plate 140A, it is possible to
17
prevent the gas discharged from some battery cells 110 among the plurality of battery cells
110 from directly flowing into the cell frame 120 through another communication hole P2
directly adjacent thereto. Accordingly, in the present disclosure, it is possible to safely
protect the remaining battery cells 110 where thermal runaway or fire does not occur.
5 FIG. 8 is a partially sectioned view schematically showing a part of a battery
module according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to FIG. 8 along with FIG. 5, the battery module according to the fourth
embodiment of the present disclosure is different from the battery module 100 according to
the first embodiment of FIG. 6, in that a perforating needle 142 is further provided to the
10 protection plate 140B, and other components may be the same.
The perforating needle 142 may be provided in the communication hole P2 of the
protection plate 140B. The perforating needle 142 may include an extending portion
142a extending from an inner surface of the communication hole P2 to a central position of
the communication hole P2, and a needle portion 142b provided at an end of the extending
15 portion 142a. When a portion of the heat-resistant sheet 131 facing the exposure hole is
expands outward (toward the perforating needle) by the gas pressure, the perforating
needle 142 may be configured to come into contact with a part of the heat-resistant sheet
131 to perforate a part of the heat-resistant sheet 131. The needle portion 142b may have
a shape sharply protruding toward the heat-resistant sheet 131 from the end of the
20 extending portion 142a.
Therefore, according to this configuration of the present disclosure, since the
present disclosure includes the perforating needle 142 configured to perforate a part of the
heat-resistant sheet 131, it is possible to prevent in advance the case in which, even though
18
gas is discharged from some battery cells 110, the exposure hole P1 is not opened since the
heat-resistant sheet 131 is not ruptured. Accordingly, in the present disclosure, the
exposure hole P1 may be reliably opened, thereby preventing that the discharged gas stays
inside the cell frame 120 to increase the temperature of other adjacent battery cells 110 and
5 thus propagate thermal runaway. Ultimately, the safety of the battery module 100 may be
effectively improved.
FIG. 9 is a plan view schematically showing a battery module according to the
fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to FIG. 9 along with FIG. 3, the battery module according to the fifth
10 embodiment of the present disclosure is different from the battery module 100 according to
the first embodiment, in that the heat-resistant sheet 131 of the screen member 130C
further includes a rupture portion 131a. Other components are the same as those of the
battery module 100 according to the first embodiment and thus will not be described again.
The heat-resistant sheet 131 of the battery module 100 according to the fifth
15 embodiment of the present disclosure may include a rupture portion 131a configured to
have a smaller thickness than the remaining portion of the sheet. For example, the
rupture portion 131a may have a linear shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the
rupture portion 131a may have a cross shape in a plan view. The rupture portion 131a
may be formed in a portion of the heat-resistant sheet 131 facing the exposure hole P1.
20 Therefore, according to this configuration of the present disclosure, since the
present disclosure includes the heat-resistant sheet 131 having the rupture portion 131a
with a relatively smaller thickness, it is possible to prevent in advance the case in which,
even though gas is discharged from some battery cells 110, the exposure hole P1 is not
19
opened since the heat-resistant sheet 131 is not ruptured. Accordingly, in the present
disclosure, the exposure hole P1 may be reliably opened, thereby preventing that the
discharged gas stays inside the cell frame 120 to increase the temperature of other adjacent
battery cells 110 and thus propagate thermal runaway. Ultimately, the safety of the
5 battery module 100 may be effectively improved.
FIG. 10 is a plan view schematically showing a battery module according to the
sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to FIG. 10 along with FIG. 3, the battery module according to the sixth
embodiment of the present disclosure is different from the battery module 100 according to
10 the first embodiment, in that the screen member 130D may further include an adhesive
sheet 132. The adhesive sheet 132 may be provided at an outer side of the heat-resistant
sheet 131. That is, the adhesive sheet 132 may be located between the heat-resistant sheet
131 and the protection plate 140 and/or between the heat-resistant sheet 131 and the cell
frame 120. Other components are the same as those of the battery module 100 according
15 to the first embodiment and thus will not be described again.
The adhesive sheet 132 may be attached to the protection plate 140 to seal the
communication hole P2. The adhesive sheet 132 may be attached to the outer
circumference of the communication hole P2 by the adhesive applied to the adhesive sheet
132. That is, the adhesive sheet 132 may be located to cover the communication hole P2.
20 In addition, the adhesive sheet 132 may be configured to be detached from the
protection plate 140 by explosion pressure when the battery cell 110 explodes. That is,
the adhesive sheet 132 may be pushed out and separated from the protection plate 140 by
the pressure of the gas introduced into the exposure hole P1.
20
Therefore, according to this configuration in the present disclosure, since the
present disclosure includes the adhesive sheet 132, the adhesive sheet 132 may seal the
communication hole P2 at ordinary time, and when it is required to discharge gas since
some battery cells 110 of the plurality of battery cells 110 explode, the adhesive sheet 132
5 may open the communication hole P2. Accordingly, in the present disclosure, even if gas
explosion occurs in some battery cells 110, the heat-resistant sheet 131 for sealing the
exposure hole P1 and the adhesive sheet 132 for sealing the communication hole P2
perform double sealing, thereby reliably preventing the gas from flowing into other
adjacent battery cells 110. Ultimately, the safety of the battery module 100 may be
10 improved.
FIG. 11 is a plan view schematically showing a battery module according to the
seventh embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to FIG. 11 along with FIG. 3, the battery module according to the
seventh embodiment of the present disclosure is different from the battery module 100
15 according to the first embodiment, in that the screen member 130E may have a different
configuration. That is, the screen member 130E of the battery module according to the
seventh embodiment may include a heat-resistant film 133 instead of the heat-resistant
sheet 131. However, since other components are the same as those of the battery module
100 according to the first embodiment and thus will not be described again.
20 The heat-resistant film 133 may be coated in the exposure hole P1 to seal the
exposure hole P1. That is, the heat-resistant film 133 may be formed by filling the inside
of the exposure hole P1 with a resin having heat resistance and then curing the resin. The
heat-resistant film 133 may include, for example, polycarbonate. For example, as shown
21
in FIG. 11, the heat-resistant film 133 may be provided in each of the plurality of exposure
holes P1. In some cases, the heat-resistant film 133 may be partially interposed and fixed
between the outer wall of the cell frame 120 and the protection plate 140.
Therefore, according to this configuration of the present disclosure, since the
5 present disclosure includes the heat-resistant film 133, when compared with the heatresistant sheet 131 of the battery module 100 of the first embodiment, the amount of the
screen member 130E may be minimized, thereby reducing material costs.
Meanwhile, a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
may include at least one battery module 100 and a BMS electrically connected to the
10 battery module 100. The BMS may include various types of circuits or devices to control
the charge/discharge of the plurality of battery cells.
Meanwhile, a vehicle (not shown) according to an embodiment of the present
disclosure may include at least one battery module 100 and a vehicle body having a
receiving space in which the battery module 100 is received. For example, the vehicle
15 may be an electric vehicle, an electric scooter, an electric wheelchair or an electric bike.
Meanwhile, the terms indicating directions as used herein such as upper, lower,
left, right, front and rear are used for convenience of description only, and it is obvious to
those skilled in the art that the term may change depending on the position of the stated
element or an observer.
20
The present disclosure has been described in detail. However, it should be
understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred
embodiments of the disclosure, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes
22
and modifications within the scope of the disclosure will become apparent to those skilled
in the art from this detailed description.
23
WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A battery module, comprising:
a plurality of battery cells configured to have electrode terminals respectively
5 formed at one end and the other end thereof and have a vent unit that is opened to
discharge gas to the outside when an internal pressure increases over a predetermined
level;
a cell frame configured to have an accommodation space for accommodating the
plurality of battery cells and have a plurality of exposure holes opened so that the gas
10 discharged from the battery cell moves to the outside;
a screen member fixed to the cell frame to seal the exposure hole and configured
to open a region thereof corresponding to the exposure hole by a gas pressure when gas is
discharged from the vent unit of the battery cell; and
a protection plate configured to fix the screen member and have a plurality of
15 communication holes located corresponding to the exposure holes.
2. The battery module according to claim 1,
wherein the screen member includes a heat-resistant sheet provided in close
contact with an outer surface of the cell frame to seal the exposure hole and configured
20 such that a portion thereof facing the exposure hole is raptured by the gas pressure to open
the exposure hole, and
the protection plate is located at an outer side of the heat-resistant sheet so that the
heat-resistant sheet is fixed to the outer surface of the cell frame.
24
3. The battery module according to claim 2,
wherein the protection plate includes a rib protruding outward from an outer
circumference of the communication hole.
5
4. The battery module according to claim 2,
wherein the protection plate further includes a perforating needle configured to
perforate a part of the heat-resistant sheet when a portion of the heat-resistant sheet facing
the exposure hole expands by the gas pressure.
10
5. The battery module according to claim 2,
wherein the heat-resistant sheet includes a rupture portion formed to have a
relatively smaller sheet thickness than other portion.
15 6. The battery module according to claim 1,
wherein the screen member further includes an adhesive sheet attached to the
protection plate to seal the communication hole and configured to be detached from the
protection plate by an explosion pressure when the battery cell explodes.
20 7. The battery module according to claim 1,
wherein the screen member includes a heat-resistant film coated in the exposure
hole to seal the exposure hole.
25
8. The battery module according to claim 1, further comprising:
a module case having an inner space configured to accommodate the cell frame,
and a staying space formed between an outer wall thereof and the cell frame spaced apart
from each other to temporarily accommodate gas discharged from the battery cell and
5 configured to communicate with the communication hole