Description:
BACKGROUND
Field of Invention
[001] Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to a gasification system and particularly to a biomass gasification system.
Description of Related Art
[002] As global demands for clean energy escalate, sources like wind energy, solar energy, and tidal energy are being explored on a mega basis. On the other hand,biomass gasification systems have primarily emphasized electricity generation. However, integrating carbon removal in the form of biochar from the biomass gasification systemscan unlock the complete potential of this technology in tackling climate change while also ensuring their economic viability.
[003] However, knownenergy generation methodologies and technologies using biomass gasification systemsoften grapple with challenges of achieving optimal gasquality during the gasification process while producing quality biochar for carbon removal. Additionally, raw materials used in known methods of the gasification process are expensive and hard to procure.Further, a need for sustainable energy solutions along with biochar production in the face of environmental challenges needs to explore harnessing both through biomass gasification process.Pine needles are also a significant contributor to forest fires.Additionally, pine needles, as biomass, possess a high calorific value and are abundant in the forests of the Himalayas and other regions characterized by pine forests worldwide. Pine needlesneed to be thoroughly investigated for their potential to generate usable energy and to remove carbon from the air.On the other hand,low density of pine needles makes pine needles prone to causing obstructions within gasifier systems.
[004] Furthermore, previous systems for biomass gasification primarily relied on batch-feeding methods, leading to cumbersome operations that required multiple individuals for fuel preparation and feeding. Moreover, traditional systems utilized either batch biochar removal, which required multiple valves to halt air intake, creating challenges in periodic removal, needing multiple people to manage the feeding and biochar removal operations.Existing continuous ash removal process need water seals resulting in high water consumption and contamination.
[005] As previous methods involved batch operations, employing a set of valves for manual biochar removal from a drum, operators frequently neglected timely char removal, leading to system issues. The manual process was messy, discouraging power plant operation. The impracticality of this system in water-scarce locations rendered its operation unviable. Engine maintenance was often frequent and cumbersome in earlier systems due to incomplete tar removal from gases.These gases when fed to engines lead to malfunctioning and very short-term overhauling on a regular basis.
[006] There is thus a need for an improved and advanced biomass gasification systemthat can administer the aforementioned limitations in a more efficient manner.
SUMMARY
[007] Embodiments in accordance with the present invention provide a biomass gasification system. The system comprising: a reactor adapted to receive low-density biomass selected from pine needles received through a feeder conveyor and a cutter operatively arranged to input the biomass into the reactor. The reactor is configured to produce biochar andproducer gas using abiomass gasification process. The system further comprising: a biochar processing unit comprising a biocharchamberarranged at a bottom side of the reactor to receive the biochar. The biochar processing unitis adapted to convert the received biochar into a user-selected form. The system further comprising: a gas cleaning unit connected to the reactor configured to produce ultra-clean gas suitable for electricity generation from the produced gas. The gas cleaning unit comprises:a cyclone separator for removing dust from the producer gas; a scrubber for cleaning the producer gas, received from the cyclone separator, by utilizing a scrubber drum, and a scrubber pump for circulating a controlled amount of water to remove dust residues and a first amount of a tar; a cooling tower pump facilitated by a cooling tower and a fan for cooling the scrubbed producer gas to remove a second amount of the tar, a connected centrifuge pump connected to a tar-removingcentrifuge to centrifuge the cooled producer gas for removing a third amount of the tar through the tar-removingcentrifuge; and filtration unit comprising sawdust filter and a cotton filter for further filtering the centrifuged producer gas, and removing the fourth amount of the tar and dust traces, and a chiller unit with tar holding containers to remove final traces of tar to produce the ultra-clean gas for electricity generation.
[008] Embodiments in accordance with the present invention further provide a method for biomass gasification. The method comprising steps of:detecting a level of build-up biomass selected from pine needles in a feeder conveyor;introducing the biomass, into a reactorthrough an operative arrangement of the feeder conveyor and a cutter upon detecting the level below a threshold level;initiating a gasification process within the reactor to produce biochar and producer gas;collecting the produced biochar and directing it to a biochar processing unit located in a biochar chamber, where the biochar is converted into a user-selected form;passing the produced gas through a gas cleaning unit for obtaining ultra-clean gas by removing tar and dust from the produced gas; and directing the ultra-clean gas into an engine to drive an alternator for electricity generation.
[009] Embodiments of the present invention may provide a number of advantages depending on their particular configuration. First, embodiments of the present application may provide a biomass gasification system.
[0010] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a biomass gasification system that is practical and sustainable in a long run.
[0011] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a biomass gasification system that is cost-effective.
[0012] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a biomass gasification system that is eco-friendly.
[0013] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a biomass gasification system that involves multiple steps in production of producer gas to ensure retrieval of ultra-clean gas.
[0014] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a biomass gasification system that operates on an engine that requires maintenance and overhauling over a longer duration of time.
[0015] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a biomass gasification system that facilitates tar separation and generates ultra-clean gasto improve a performance of an engine.
[0016] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a biomass gasification system that is purely mechanisedand requires a minimal amount of human intervention.
[0017] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a biomass gasification system that empowers one person/worker to easily and conveniently maneuverer operations such as valve control, tar removal, and biochar collection, while another person to provide the feedstock at the conveyor feeding the cutting machine.
[0018] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a biomass gasification system that requires a nominal amount of water for operation.
[0019] Next, embodiments of the present application may provide a biomass gasification system that does not require any kind of valves for stopping air intake, or water seals in biochar removal reducing a point of failure and making the biomass gasification system very easy,hassle-free, and clean to operate.
[0020] These and other advantages will be apparent from the present application of the embodiments described herein.
[0021] The preceding is a simplified summary to provide an understanding of some embodiments of the present invention. This summary is neither an extensive nor exhaustive overview of the present invention and its various embodiments. The summary presents selected concepts of the embodiments of the present invention in a simplified form as an introduction to the more detailed description presented below. As will be appreciated, other embodiments of the present invention are possible utilizing, alone or in combination, one or more of the features set forth above or described in detail below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] The above and still further features and advantages of embodiments of the present invention will become apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description of embodiments thereof, especially when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and wherein:
[0023] FIG. 1A illustrates a block diagram of a biomass gasification system, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] FIG. 1B illustrates a schematic diagram of the biomass gasification system, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of a control unit of the biomass gasification system, according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
[0026] FIG. 3 depicts a flowchart of a method for biomass gasification using the biomass gasification system, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0027] The headings used herein are for organizational purposes only and are not meant to be used to limit the scope of the description or the claims. As used throughout this application, the word "may" is used in a permissive sense (i.e., meaning having the potential to), rather than the mandatory sense (i.e., meaning must). Similarly, the words “include”, “including”, and “includes” mean including but not limited to. To facilitate understanding, like reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate like elements common to the figures. Optional portions of the figures may be illustrated using dashed or dotted lines unless the context of usage indicates otherwise.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The following description includes the preferred best mode of one embodiment of the present invention. It will be clear from this description of the invention that the invention is not limited to these illustrated embodiments but that the invention also includes a variety of modifications and embodiments thereto. Therefore, the present description should be seen as illustrative and not limiting. While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative constructions, it should be understood, that there is no intention to limit the invention to the specific form disclosed, but, on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, alternative constructions, and equivalents falling within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
[0029] In any embodiment described herein, the open-ended terms "comprising", "comprises”, and the like (which are synonymous with "including", "having” and "characterized by") may be replaced by the respective partially closed phrases "consisting essentially of", “consists essentially of", and the like or the respective closed phrases "consisting of", "consists of”, the like.
[0030] As used herein, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” designate both the singular and the plural, unless expressly stated to designate the singular only.
[0031] FIG. 1A illustrates a block diagram of a biomass gasification system 100 (hereinafter referred to as the system 100), according to an embodiment of the present invention.In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 100 may receive and process biomass.The processed biomass may produce a biochar and a producer gas with tar which is separated. The system 100 may enable the separated tar to be drained out, according to anembodiment of the present invention. The produced gas may be filtered and processed to achieve an ultra-clean gas, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The ultra-clean gas may be utilized for generation of electricity.In present invention, the system 100 may necessitate a human input at a preparation level, specifically for feeding the biomass, after that the biomass is mechanically conveyed without any further human intervention in the feeding process. The system 100may be designed to efficiently utilize the biomass, such as pine needles, by marginally densification through sizing (cutting) without a need to briquette the biomass, according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, the system 100 may comprise a sensor 102, a control unit 104,a dryer 106, a feeder conveyor 106a, a reactor 108,a biochar processing unit 110, a gas cleaning unit 112, a filtration unit 114, a product collection unit 116, a tar box 118, and an engine 120.
[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, the sensor 102 may be adapted to sensea level of a build-up biomass regulating a speed of feeding the pine needles in the reactor 108. The sensor 102 may be arranged in a proximity to the reactor 108, in an embodiment of the present invention. In another embodiment of the present invention, the sensor 102 may further be arranged in the proximity of the feeder conveyor 106a.In yet another embodiment of the present invention,the sensor 102 may either be arranged on the reactor 108 or on the feeder conveyor 106a.
[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 104 may be connected to the sensor 102. The control unit 104 may further be configured to execute electronically executable instructions to generate an output relating to the system 100. According to embodiments of the present invention, the control unit 104 may be, but not limited to, a Programmable Logic Control (PLC) unit, a microprocessor, a development board, and so forth. Embodiments of the present invention are intended to include or otherwise cover any type of the control unit 104 including known, related art, and/or later developed technologies. In an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit 104 may further be explained in conjunction with FIG. 2.
[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dryer 106 may be adapted to dry the biomass to reduce the moisture content of the biomass. The dryer 106 may be installed prior to the feeder conveyor 106a such that the biomass may be dried before being traversed onto the feeder conveyor 106a, in an embodiment of the present invention and/or after the conveyor. In an embodiment of the present invention, the dryer 106 may be installed under the feeder conveyor 106a such that the biomass may be dried while being carried onto the feeder conveyor 106a and/or after the conveyor to dry the biomass while being fed into the reactor.
[0036] According to embodiments of the present invention, the dryer 106may be such as, but not limited to, an oven dryer, an air dryer, a heated metallic plate dryer, a hopper dryer, and so forth.Embodiments of the present invention are intended to include or otherwise cover any type of the dryer 106, including known, related art, and/or later developed technologies that may dry the biomass to obtain low moisture content biomass.
[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, the reactor 108 may be adapted to receive the low-density biomass selected from the pine needles received through thefeeder conveyor 106a and acutter 148 (as shown in FIG. 1B) operatively arranged to input the biomass into the reactor 108. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operative arrangement of feeder conveyor and cutter may vary in order to convey the cut pine needles into the reactor and/or to convey the uncut pine needles onto the cutter before being fed into the rector.The feeder conveyor 106a may be a screw-type conveyor. Embodiments of the present invention are intended to include or otherwise cover any type of the feeder conveyor 106a, including known, related art, and/or later developed technologies.
[0038] The reactor 108 may be configured to produce the biochar and the producer gas by a gasification process, in an embodiment of the present invention.In an embodiment of the present invention, the gasification process may be formed in the reactor 108 using anair heater 138 (as shown in the FIG. 1B). Within the reactor 108, pine needles may undergo oxidation, potentially resulting in the production of carbon dioxide (CO2). Subsequently, the produced carbon dioxide (CO2) may be subjected to reduction by a charcoal bed, possibly converting it into carbon monoxide (CO). It may be possible that some moisture presents in the system 100 may decompose into hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O), potentially leading to the production of methyl (CH3) and hydrogen gas (H2), in addition to the carbon monoxide (CO) already produced. These combustible gases, if formed, may then undergo a cleaning process to power the engine 120. The engine 120, as depicted in the FIG. 1B, may then drive an alternator 160 for electricity generation. Meanwhile, approximately 10% to 30% of the initially fed pine needles may potentially remain in the reactor as biochar, and a continuous biochar removal procedure may be implemented to extract the biochar from the system.
[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, the gas cleaning unit 112 may be configured to produce ultra-clean gas suitable for electricity generation from the produced gas.In an embodiment of the present invention, the gas cleaning unit 112 may be connected to the reactor 108.The gas cleaning unit 112 may further be explained in conjunction with the FIG. 1B.
[0040] In an embodiment of the present invention, the filtration unit 114 may be adapted forremoving the fourth amount of the tar and dust traces to produce the ultra-clean gas for the electricity generation.The filtration unit 114 may further be explained in conjunction with the FIG. 1B.
[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the product collection unit 116may be adapted for collecting the user-selected form of the received biochar. The product collection unit 116may be linked to anextruder system 146 (as shown in the FIG. 1B) to process the biochar, in an embodiment of the present invention.The product collection unit 116 may further be explained in conjunction with the FIG. 1B.
[0042] In an embodiment of the present invention, the tar box 118may be adapted to receive the first amount of the tar, the second amount of the tar, the third amount of the tar, and/or the fourth amount of tar as removed from the producer gas. The tar box 118 may be of a suitable dimension to collect the tar obtained while producing the biochar and the producer gas. In an embodiment of the present invention, the tar box 118 may be opened to drain the tar after a set duration of time. In another embodiment of the present invention, the tar box 118 may drain the tar based on a detected level of the tar by a level sensor (not shown) in the tar box 118. In such an embodiment of the present invention, the level sensor may transmit data of the detected level of the tar in the tar box 118 and may actuate atar drain valve 150a (as shown in the FIG. 1B) of thetar box 118. In some embodiment of the present invention, the tar box 118 may be a pressure-controlled valve that may be opened when a pressure of the tar in the tar box 118 exceed to a predefined pressure.
[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the ultra-clean gas may be directed intotheengine 120 to drive the alternator 160 for power generation.
[0044] FIG. 1B illustrates a diagram of the system 100, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The units of the system 100 may comprise a scrubber 122, a scrubber drum 124, a scrubber pump 126, a cooling tower pump 128, a cooling tower 130, a fan 132, a connected centrifuge pump 134, a tar-removing centrifuge 136, a centrifuge drain valve 136a, the air heater 138, a sawdust filter 140,afirst drain valve 140a, a cotton filter 142, a second drain valve 142a, a grinder 144, the extruder system 146, the cutter 148, a cyclone separator 150,thetar drain valve 150a,tubes 152, a chiller unit 154, set of glasses156, thebiochar chamber 158, and the alternator 160.
[0045] In an embodiment of the present invention, the biochar processing unit 110of the system 100 may comprisethe product collection unit 116,the grinder 144, the extruder system 146, and the biochar chamber158.
[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention,the gas cleaning unit 112 may be connected to the reactor 108. The gas cleaning unit 112 may be configured to produce ultra-clean gas suitable for electricity generation from the produced gas.
[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, the gas cleaning unit 112of the system 100 may comprisethefiltration unit 114, the scrubber 122, the scrubber drum 124, the scrubber pump 126, the cooling tower pump 128,the cooling tower 130, the fan 132, the centrifuge pump 134, the tar-removing centrifuge 136, the centrifuge drain valve 136a, and, thecyclone separator 150.
[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, thefiltration unit 114 of the system 100 may comprisethe sawdust filter 140, the first drain valve 140a, the cotton filter 142, and the second drain valve 142a.
[0049] The filtration unit 114 may further remove the fourth amount of the tar and dust traces to produce the ultra-clean gas for electricity generation.The tar box 118 may be adapted to receive the first amount of the tar, the second amount of the tar, and/or the third amount of the tar as removed from the producer gas.The ultra-clean gas may further be directed into the engine 120 to drive the alternator 160 for power generation.
[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, the scrubber 122 may be adapted for cleaning the producer gas. The producer gas may be received from the cyclone separator 150, by utilizing the scrubber drum 124 and the scrubber pump 126 for circulating a controlled amount of water to remove dust residues and a first amount of a tar.
[0051] The cooling tower pump 128 may be facilitated by the cooling tower 130 and the fan 132for cooling the scrubbed producer gas to remove a second amount of the tar. The connected centrifuge pump 134 may be connected to the tar-removing centrifuge 136 to centrifuge the cooled producer gas for removing a third amount of the tar through the tar-removing centrifuge 136. The connected centrifuge pump 134 may be connected to the tar-removing centrifuge 136 to centrifuge the cooled producer gas for removing a third amount of the tar through the tar-removing centrifuge 136.
[0052] The tar-removing centrifuge 136 may further be connected to the centrifuge drain valve 136a. The centrifuge drain valve 136a may be a unidirectional valve that may prevent a reverse flow of the third amount of the tar back into the connected centrifuge pump 134.The air heater 138 may be adapted for combusting the pine needles in the reactor 108 by utilizing a heat from the engine batteries120.
[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, thesawdust filter 140and thecotton filter 142may be arranged in the filtration unit 114 for filtering the centrifuged producer gas.In an embodiment of the present invention, the sawdust filter 140 and thecotton filter 142 may further be connected to the first drain valve 140a and the second drain valve 142arespectively. The first drain valve 140a and the seconddrain valve 142a may be the unidirectional drain valve that may prevent the flow of any amount of air into the filtration unit 114.
[0054] In an embodiment of the present invention, the chiller unit 154, the tubes 152,and the set of glasses 156 may be arranged to remove and collect any further traces of tar from the gas before it is sent into the engine 120.
[0055] In an embodiment of the present invention, the grinder 144 may be linked to the extruder system 146 to process the biochar. The grinder 144 may further be linked to the product collection unit 116 for collecting the user-selected form of the biochar received from the extruder system 146, in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0056] In an embodiment of the present invention, the grinder 144 may be configured to grind and push the biochar into the extruder system 146 to mix the grounded biochar with water or starch water to produce a powered biochar or biochar fuel briquettes, respectively.In an embodiment of the present invention, upon adding the water or starch water, extruder housing may be filled with the biochar mix andmay stop any air entering the system 100 against the outward flowing material on a continuous basis. Even when the material is not flowing, the system 100may be filled with biochar mix andmay stop any backward movement of air in the system 100.Continuous outward movement and a length of the biochar mix present in the system 100 may act as a physical barrier for outside air to flow back in the system 100, keeping the producer gas isolated from outside oxygen and hence combustion.
[0057] The cutter 148 may be adapted to cut the pine needles in a size ranging from 5 millimeters (mm) to 50 millimeters (mm). The cyclone separator 150 may be adapted for removing dust from the producer gas. The tubes 156 may be arranged with the set of glasses 156 for collecting the tar removed after passing the filtered producer gas through the chiller unit 154.In an embodiment of the present invention, the filtered producer gas may be passed through the chiller unit 154 that may be a compressor-based chiller. The chilled producer gas may be passed through the tubes152 with the set of glasses 156 to capture last dregs of tar from the gas by liquifying the remaining tar in the producer gascooled in the heat exchanger of the chiller unit 154with a temperature in a range from5degrees Celsiusto 10 degrees Celsius, before the producer gas may be allowed to enter the engine 120.
[0058] In an embodiment of the present invention, the tar box 118 may further comprise thetar drain valve 150a. The tar drain valve 150a may be the unidirectional drain valvethatmay prevent a flow of the tar back into the tar box 118.
[0059] The biochar chamber 158 may be a part of the biochar processing unit 110and may further be arranged at the bottom side of the reactor 108to receive the biochar. The alternator 160 may be driven for electricity generation via directing the ultra-clean gas into the engine 120.
[0060] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of the control unit 104 of the system 100, according to an embodiment of the present invention.The control unit 104 may comprise the electronically executable instructions in form of programming modules such as a data receiving module 200, a data comparison module 202, and an actuation module 204.
[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, the data receiving module 200 may be configured to receive the level of the build-up biomassin the reactor 108 from the sensor 102. The data receiving module 200 may further be configured to transmit the level of the build-up biomass to the data comparison module 202, in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0062] In an embodiment of the present invention, the data comparison module 202 may be activated upon receipt of the level of the build-up biomass from the data receiving module 200. The data comparison module 202 may be configured to compare the level of the build-up biomass with a threshold level, in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0063] Upon comparison, the level of the build-up biomass may be belowthe threshold level, then the data comparison module 202 may transmit an actuation signal to the actuation module 204. Otherwise, the data comparison module 202 may activate the data receiving module 200to continue receiving the level of the build-up biomass from the sensor 102, in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0064] In an embodiment of the present invention, the actuation module 204 may be activated upon receipt of the actuation signal from the data comparison module 202. The actuation module 204 may be configured to introducethe biomass, into thereactor 108through the operative arrangement of thefeeder conveyor 106a and thecutter 148.In an embodiment of the present invention, the biomass may deliver using the feeder conveyor 106a. The biomass delivered by the feeder conveyor 106a may further be cut in size ranging from 5 millimeters (mm) to 50 millimeters before being passed into the reactor 108, in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0065] FIG. 3 depicts a flowchart of a method 300for biomass gasification using the system 100, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0066] At step 302, the system 100 mayenable the sensor 102 to detect the level of the build-up biomass for regulating the speed of feeding the pine needles in the reactor 108.
[0067] At step 304, the system 100 maycompare the level of build-up biomass with the threshold level. Upon comparison, if the level of the build-up biomass is below the threshold level, then the method 300 may proceed to a step 306. Else, the method 300 may revert to the step 302.
[0068] At step 306, the system 100 may introduce the biomass, into thereactor 108 through the operative arrangement of thefeeder conveyor 106aand the cutter 148.
[0069] At step 308, the system 100 mayinitiate the gasification process within the reactor 108 to produce the biochar and the producer gas.
[0070] At step 310, the system 100 maycollect the produced biochar and direct it to thebiochar processing unit 110 located in thebiochar chamber 158, where the biochar may be converted into the user-selected form.
[0071] At step 312, the system 100 may pass the produced gas through thegas cleaning unit 112to obtainthe ultra-clean gas by removing the tar and the dust from the produced gas.
[0072] At step 314, the system 100 may direct the ultra-clean gas into theengine 120 to drive the alternator 160 for electricity generation.
[0073] While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and various embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiments, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the scope of the appended claims.
[0074] This written description uses examples to disclose the invention, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the invention is defined in the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements within substantial differences from the literal languages of the claims. , Claims:CLAIMS
I/We Claim:
1. A biomass gasification system (100), the system (100) comprising:
a reactor (108) adapted to receive low-density biomass received through a feeder conveyor (106a) and a cutter (148) operatively arranged to input the biomass into the reactor (108), wherein the reactor (108) is configured to produce a biochar and a producer gas by a gasification process;
a biochar processing unit (110) comprising a biochar chamber (158) arranged at a bottom side of the reactor (108) to receive the biochar, and adapted to convert the received biochar into a user-selected form; and
a gas cleaning unit (112) connected to the reactor (108) configured to produce an ultra-clean gas suitable for electricity generation from the produced gas, wherein the gas cleaning unit (112) comprises:
a cyclone separator (150) for removing dust from the producer gas;
a scrubber (122) for cleaning the producer gas, received from the cyclone separator (150), by utilizing a scrubber drum (124) and a scrubber pump (126) for circulating a controlled amount of water to remove dust residues and a first amount of a tar;
a cooling tower pump (128) facilitated by a cooling tower (130) and a fan (132) for cooling the scrubbed producer gas to remove a second amount of the tar,
a connected centrifuge pump (134) connected to a tar-removing centrifuge (136) tocentrifuge the cooled producer gas for removing a third amount of the tar through the tar-removing centrifuge (136);
a filtration unit (114) comprisinga sawdust filter (140) and a cotton filter (142) for filtering the centrifuged producer gas, and removing the fourth amount of the tar and dust traces to produce the ultra-clean gas for electricity generation; and
a tar box (118) for receiving the first amount of the tar, the second amount of the tar, the third amount of the tar, and/or a fourth amount of the tar as removed from the producer gas.
2. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biochar processing unit (110) comprises a grinder (144) linked to an extruder system (146) to process the biochar, and a product collection unit (116) for collecting the user-selected form of the received biochar.
3. The system (100) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the grinder (144) grinds and pushes the biochar into the extruder system (146) to mix the grounded biochar with water or starch water to produce a powered biochar or biochar fuel briquettes, respectively.
4. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biomass is selected from Pine needles.
5. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, comprising tubes (152) witha set of glasses (156) for collecting the tar removed after passing the filtered producer gas through a chiller unit (154).
6. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultra-clean gas is directed in an engine (120) to drive an alternator (160) for power generation.
7. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeder conveyor (106a) isa screw-type conveyor.
8. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, comprising a sensor (102) forsensing a level of the build-upbiomass for regulating a speed of feeding the biomass in the reactor (108).
9. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cutter (148) is adapted to cut the biomass in a size ranging from 5 millimeters (mm) to 50 millimeters (mm).
10. A method (300) for biomass gasification, the method (300) characterized by steps of:
detecting a level of build-up biomass in a feeder conveyor (106a);
introducing the biomass, into a reactor (108)through an operative arrangement of the feeder conveyor (106a)and a cutter (148)upon detecting the level below a threshold level;
initiating a gasification process within the reactor (108) to produce biochar and producer gas;
collecting the produced biochar and directing it to a biochar processing unit (110) located in abiochar chamber (158), where the biochar is converted into a user-selected form;
passing the produced gas through a gas cleaning unit to obtain ultra-clean gas by removing tar and dust from the produced gas; and
directing the ultra-clean gas into an engine (120) to drive an alternator (160) for electricity generation.
Date: March 09, 2024
Place: Noida