In Recent Years, With The Speeding Up Of Railway Vehicles, The Disc Brake Is Widely Used In The Braking System Of The Railway Vehicle. Disc Brake Is A Device For Obtaining A Braking Force By Friction Between The Friction Member And The Brake Disc Of The Brake linings.
[0003]
　For brake lining, various proposals have conventionally made. For example, JP 2011-214628 (Patent Document 1) and Japanese Patent 2011-214629 (Patent Document 2) disclose a brake lining for railway vehicles.
[0004]
　8 A, FIG. 8 A, FIG. 8 B is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIIIB - VIIIB of FIG. 8 A. Brake lining 202 shown in FIGS. 8 A and 8 B held, a plurality Each friction member 203, a back metal 204 secured to the back surface of the friction member 203, with the back metal 204 of the friction member 203 from the back side It is constituted by a substrate 206 to. Each friction member 203, with the back metal 204 is attached firmly to the substrate 206 by rivets (not shown). Brake lining 202, the surface of the friction member 203 is located so as to face the sliding surface 201 a of the brake disc 201.
[0005]
　Substrate 206 of the brake lining 202 is attached to a brake caliper (not shown). During braking, the brake caliper is pressed against the brake lining 202 to the brake disk 201. By the friction member 203 is in contact with the brake disk 201 , the vehicle is braked. Pressing force applied from the brake caliper to the brake lining 202, the structure of both the mounting portion, not act uniformly over the whole area of ​​the brake lining 202, acting to concentrate on a particular portion.
[0006]
　When repeating the braking, the friction member is not applied to the friction member during braking, partial wear of the friction member increase. When uneven wear of the friction member increase, performance and life of the brake Linings Is Reduced. To Prevent Such Uneven Wear, It Is Preferable That All Of The Friction Member And The Brake Disc Is Uniform Contact. Further, The Contact Area Between The Friction Member And The Disc Brake During Braking Is Small, The Braking Capability May Decrease Wear May Become Uneven Large. Therefore, The Contact Area Between The Friction Member And The Disc Brakes Is Large Is Determined.
[0007]
　In the conventional brake lining 202, it is firmly fixed to the substrate 206. Therefore, when a conventional brake lining 202, uneven wear tends to increase the friction member, further, there is the area of ​​contact between the friction member and the disc brake during braking becomes insufficient.
CITATION
Patent Document
[0008]
Patent Document 1: JP 2011-214628 Patent Publication
Patent Document 2: JP 2011-214629 JP
Summary of the Invention
Problems that the Invention is to Solve
[0009]
　In the above circumstances, the contact time of the present invention, even when sudden braking from high speeds, the contact between the brake disk and the friction member must nonuniform, and a brake disk and the friction member to provide a brake lining ability of suppressing, it is greatly reduced.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0010]
The brake lining includes a plurality of friction members, and 　a brake lining for a railway vehicle. the first friction member and the first friction member and the first friction member . The first friction member is a spring member is arranged attached to resiliently said substrate between said first friction member and the substrate. The second friction member is fixed to the substrate.The shortest distance between the center and the longest distance between the center and the longest distance between the center and the friction members axle when the r 2, distance from the center of the axle there there {r 1 + (r 2 The sum fraction member one or more of the center present in the range. The sum T1 of the sliding area of ​​the first friction member, a sum T 2 of the sliding area of ​​the second friction member, satisfy the relationship 2/25 ≦ T 2 / (T 1 + T 2).
[0011]
　Disk Brake According To One Embodiment Of The Present Invention Includes A Brake Disk Rotating With A Wheel Axle Of A Railway Vehicle And A Brake Lining Which Is Pressed accompanied by the same key code several Against The Brake Disk For Braking Of The Rail Vehicle Disc Brake For A Railway Vehicle It Is. The Brake lining is a brake lining of the present invention.
Effect of the invention
[0012]
　Brake disc and the friction member is uneven, and, suppress, the contact area between the brake disc and the friction member is over reduced can brake lining is obtained .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013]

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the brake lining of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is is graph showing the results of the displacement of the brake disc at the time of sudden braking. A Cross-Sectional View Schematically Showing An Example Of A First Friction Member Used In The Brake Lining Of The Present Invention (The Movable Friction Member).
[4] FIG. 4 Is A Cross-Sectional View Schematically Showing An Example Of A Second Friction member used in the brake lining of the present invention (fixed friction member).
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the friction member.
[Figure 6A] Figure 6 A is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of the invention Example 1.
[Figure 6B] Figure 6B is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of the present example 2.
[Figure 6C] Figure 6C a a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the friction member in the brake lining of the invention Example 3.
FIG 6 D] FIG. 6 D is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of the invention Example 4.
FIG 6E is FIG. 6E is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of the invention Example 5.
6 FIG. 6 F is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of the invention Example 6.
FIG 6 G is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of the invention Example 7.
FIG 6 H is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the friction member in the brake lining of the invention Example 8.
FIG 6 I] a a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of the present Example 9.
FIG 6 J] FIG. 6 J is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of the present Example 10.
FIG 6K] FIG 6K is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of the invention Example 11.
[Figure 7A] Figure 7 A is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of Comparative Example 1.
[Figure 7B] Figure 7B is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of Comparative Example 2.
[Figure 7C] Figure 7C is a plan view schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of Comparative Example 3.
[FIG. 8A] Figure 8 A is a plan view schematically showing an example of a conventional brake linings.
[Figure 8B] Figure 8B is a diagram schematically showing a cross section like the line VIIIB-VIIIB of Figure 8A.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0014]
　Hereinafter, Embodiments Of The Present Invention Will Be Described. In The Following Description, Will Be Described By Way Of Example Embodiments Of The Present Invention, The Present Invention Is Not Limited To The Examples Described Below. In The Following Description, There Is A Case to illustrate specific numerical values ​​and materials, as long as the effects of the present invention are obtained, may be applied other numerical values ​​and materials.
[0015]
　The present inventors evaluated the different inventory found that in the conventional brake linings, found that contact between the friction member and the brake disc is not uniform, there is a possibility that Contact Area Is The Greatly Reduced. We Performed A Finite Element Analysis For The Displacement Of 360 Km / H The Brake Disk Surface When Multiplied By The Emergency Stop Braking From A Running State Of. The Results Are Shown In Figure 1. The Horizontal Axis In FIG. 1 Represents The Distance From The Center Of The Axle. Position Lateral Axis Is 235Mm Is The Position Of The Inner Peripheral Edge Of The Brake Disc.The vertical axis of 360 mm is the position of the brake disc between the brake disc and the friction member in the outer circumferential edge . It is the displacement of the disk surface, the displacement of the disk surface is the in the brake lining side.
[0016]
　As shown in the high speed operation, the approach depending on the position of the disk lining side inner circumferential side of the disc is inflated, the outer circumferential Of The Disk Side Is Displaced In A Direction Away From The Brake Linings. Based On This New Finding, The Inventors And Easily Uniform Contact With The Brake Disc Studied Brake Lining Large Contact Area Between The Brake Disk, Leading To The Following Invention.
[0017]
　(Brake Lining)
　Brake Lining Of The Present Invention Is A Brake Lining For A Railway Vehicle. The Brake Lining, The Brake Disk Rotating With A Wheel Axle Of A Railway Vehicle Is Pressed accompanied by the same key code several For Braking A Railway Vehicle. The Brake Lining Includes A Plurality Of friction members, and a plurality of fastening members, and a plurality of spring members, and a substrate.
[0018]
　By directly or indirectly the substrate is pushed by the brake discining, the braking of the brake disc, the braking of the brake takes place. By one example, the substrate is attached to the guide plate, by which the guide plate is pushed by the brake caliper, the friction member is pressed against the brake disc.
[0019]
　Friction Member, The Fastening Member, The Spring Member, And No Particular Limitation To The Substrate, It May Be Used Known Ones. Examples Of The Material Of The Friction Member Includes A Sintered Material Or A Resin Material Of A Copper System. Examples Of The Planar Shape Of The Friction Member Includes Circular And Polygonal (Such As A Rectangle And A Hexagon). Examples Of Fastening Members Include Rivets. Examples Of The Spring Member, The Disc Spring Includes A Leaf Spring And Coil Spring. Examples Of The Substrate Include Metal plates.
[0020]
　A Plurality Of Friction Members Comprise At Least One First Friction Member And The At Least One Second Friction Member. The First Friction Member And The Second Friction Member May Be Different And May Be The Same. In A Typical Example, The First Friction Member And The Second Friction Member Are Formed Of The Same Material, It Has The Same Planar Shape. There Is No Limitation To The Number Of First And Second Friction Members, Respectively, It May Be In The Range Of 1 To 50 (Eg 2 To 30).
[0021]
　The first friction member is resiliently attached to the substrate. The first friction member is the secular to the back metal. In that case, the first friction member, a spring member is Arranged Are Resiliently Mounted On The Substrate Between The Backing Metal And The Substrate. To Attach The First Friction Member To A Substrate, The Fastening Member Such As A Rivet Is Used. The Second Friction Member Is Fixed To The Substrate. Unlike The First Friction Member , a second friction member is attached to the substrate without using the spring member.In the following, a first friction In the following, a second friction member is fixed to the substrate, the second friction member is fixed to the substrate, it is to be rotated using the fast friction member such as rivets. member referred to as "movable friction member", the second friction member may be referred to as "fixed friction member".
[0022]
　Sliding area of ​​the friction member Here and the "sliding area" refers to the area of ​​the surface that is designed to be a surface facing the brake disc in contact with the brake disc Of The Surface Of The Friction Member. In One Example, The Sliding Area Per One Of All Of The Friction Members (First And Second Frictional Members) Are The Same. In A Typical Example, All Of The Friction Members Have The Same Planar Shape.
[0023]
　The first friction member , the first friction member, the first friction member, because it is attached to the substrate via a spring member, the use of the first friction member , Causes An Increase In Complexity And Manufacturing Cost Of The Manufacturing Process. Therefore, In Terms Of Economic Efficiency, It Is Not Preferable To All The Friction Member And The First Friction Member.
[0024]
　The distance between the center of the friction and the axle of the sliding surface of the sliding surface of the friction between the center and the center of the friction Member And R1. Further, The Distance Between The Center Of The Farthest Portion And The Axle From The Center Of The Axle Of The Sliding Surface Of All Of The Friction Member And R2. Here, The "Sliding Surface Of The Friction Member", Of The Surface Of The Friction Member, Refers To A Surface That Is Designed To Contact With The Disk Brake. Also, The "Sliding Surface Of The Disc Brake", Of The Surface Of The Disc Brake, Refers To A Surface That Is Designed To Contact with the friction member.Further, the "center of the axle" means the center of the axle present on a plane including the sliding surface of the friction member.
[0025]
　R 1 + (r 2 - r 1) / 3} to {r 1 + 2 × (r 2 - r 1) / 3}, where r 1 is the distance between the first friction member and the first invention, is one more than .., the sum T1 / the sliding area of ​​the first friction member, a sum T2 of the sliding area of ​​the second friction member, satisfy the relationship 2/25≤T2 / (T1 + T2 ). According to this arrangement, the brake member and the friction member are uneven, and, greatly reduced contact area between the brake disk and the friction member can suppress.
[0026]
　The inner peripheral portion S1, is divided into the central portion S2, and the outer peripheral portion S3. The inner peripheral portion S1 is the distance from the Central portion S2, as described above, an area in the range of distance from the center of the axle {r1 + ( r2 - r1) / 3} r 2 + r 2) / 3} to {r 1 + 2 × (r 2 - r 1) / 3}. The outer peripheral portion S 3 is the distance from the center of the axle {r 1 + 2 × (r 2 - r 1) / 3} is an area in the range of ~ r2.
[0027]
　Incidentally, when the planar shape of the friction member. The planar shape of the friction member when a shape other than a circle (polygon, etc.), the position of The center of gravity of the friction member. on the boundary of the friction member on the boundary of the friction member are present, considered to the center on each of the two regions are present by 0.5 units.
[0028]
　Above The Total Sliding Surface Area Of The First Friction Member Is Centered In The Central Portion S2 Exists T1 (S2) And The Sum Of The Sliding Area Of The Second Friction Member Is Present Around The Center Portion S2 T2 (S2) To. The Brake Of The Present Lining Invention, T1 (S2) And T2 (S2) And Is, 4/9 ≦ T1 (S2) / (T1 (S2) Tasu T2 (S2) ) ≦ 1 May Satisfy. For Example, All Of The Friction member centered above range (the central portion S2) are present may be the first friction member.
[0029]
　Of r1 ~ {r1 + 2 x (r2 - r1) / 3} of r 1 ~ r 1 + T1 (S1-S2) And Then, The Sum Of The Sliding Area Of The Second Friction Member Present Centered On The Range T2 (S1-S2) And. The Brake Lining Of The Present Invention, T1 (S1-S2) And T2 ( S 1 - S 2) and is, 9/17 ≦ t 1 (S 1 - S 2) / (t 1 (S 1 - S 2) + t 2 (S 1 - S 2) ) ≦ 1 it may satisfy.For example, all the friction member is present around the inner peripheral portion S1 and the center portion S2 may be the first friction member.
[0030]
For example, the center of the plural friction members on the inner 　peripheral portion S1, the inner peripheral portion S2 and the outer peripheral portion S3 is is arranged. Peripheral Portion S1 Is Disposed On The Same Circumference Around The Axle. Similarly, The Center Of The Plurality Of Friction Members Disposed At The Center Portion S2 Is Arranged On The Same Circumference Around The Axle. Similarly, The Center Of The Plurality Of Friction Members Disposed on an outer peripheral portion S3 is arranged on the same circumference around the axle.In other words, their friction members a straight line connecting the centers of the circumferential direction of the friction member is arranged as a symmetrical axis is symmetrical (line symmetry). Also, this case, the assembly of the brake lining is facilitated. Also, the contact state of the substrate is the same as the symmetry of the line . friction member against the brake disc to the normal rotation, the performance of the brake linings is stabilized.
[0031]
　(Disc Brake)
　Disc Brake Of The Present Invention Comprises A Brake Disc And A Brake Lining Which Is Pressed accompanied by the same key code several Against The Brake Disk For Braking A Railway Vehicle. Brake Lining, Is A Brake Lining Of The Present Invention. Since The Brake Lining Of The Present proposed has been described elsewhere, without redundant description.
[0032]
　Other Than The Configuration Brake Lining (Brake Disk, Brake Caliper, Etc.) Is Not Particularly Limited, It May Be Applied To Known Configuration. Brake Lining Pressed accompanied by the same key code several Against The Brake Disc By A Brake Caliper, Whereby The Wheel Is Braked. Brake Disk Is A Disk That Rotates With The Rotation Of The Wheels Of An Axle Of A Railway Vehicle. Brake Discs Are Typically Fixed To A Wheel Or Axle. Rotational Center Of The Disk-Shaped Or Ring-Shaped Brake Disk In Order To Coincide With The Center Of the axle, in this specification, it is possible to replace the "center of the axle" to "center of rotation of the brake disc."
[0033]
　(Embodiment)
　In This Embodiment, An Example Of The Brake Lining And The Disc Brake Of The Present Invention. Shows A Diagram When Viewed Brake Lining 10 Of This Embodiment From The Brake Disk Side In FIG. Incidentally, Also Illustrates The Guide Plate 101 In FIG. 2 For Reference. Brake Linings 10 Includes A Plurality Of Friction Members And The Substrate 20. A Plurality Of Friction Members, At Least One Movable Friction Member (First Friction Member) 11, Consists Of At Least One Fixed Friction Member (Second Friction member 12. Movable friction member 11 and the fixed friction member 12 each have a disc shape having a through hole formed in the center. A cross-sectional view of the moving friction member 11 near, shown in FIG.Further, a cross-sectional view of a fixed friction member 12 near in FIG.
[0034]
　The Back Surface Of The Movable Friction Member 11 Is Fixed To The Back Metal 11A. In The Center Of The Movable Friction Member 11 And The Back Metal 11A, Through-Hole Fastening Member 14 Passes Is Formed. Movable Friction Member 11, The Fastening Member Is Attached To 14 The Movable Substrate 20. Fastening Member 14 Is A Rivet. Between The Backing Plate 11A And The Substrate 20, The Spring Member 13 Is Disposed. Therefore, The Movable Friction Member 11 Is Attached To Elastically Substrate 20 Is Displaced In Response to a force applied to the moving friction member 11.
[0035]
　The backing plate 11 a and the back metal 12 a, may be different and may be the same. Fixed friction member 12 is attached to inelastically substrate 20 without using the spring Member. As Shown In FIG. 4, The Fixed Friction Member 12 May Be Fixed To The Substrate 20 By A Fastening Member 14. In That Case, The Center Of The Fixed Friction Member 12 And The Back Metal 12A, Through-Hole Fastening Member 14 passes is formed. Fixed friction member 12 to be fixed to the substrate 20 without using the spring member, it can be larger than the moving friction member 11.
[0036]
　Substrate 20 is supported by a brake caliper (not shown). More specifically, the substrate 20 is supported on the brake caliper via the guide plate 101, a load is applied by the brake caliper during braking. Movable friction member 11 and the fixed friction member 12 is located so as to face the sliding surface 103a of the brake disc 103. The brake caliper and brake disc 103, The substrate 20 may be directly on the brake caliper without passing through the guide plate 101.
[0037]
　With reference to FIG. 5, the above-described inner peripheral portion S 1, central portion S 2, and outer peripheral portion S 3 will be described. FIG. 5 shows only a part of the friction member. The friction member shown in FIG. 5 is one of the friction members 11 and 12, and does not distinguish them in FIG. 5.
[0038]
　Referring to FIG. 5, the center of the axle is taken as the center C. The distance between the axle center C and the portion of the sliding surfaces of the friction members 11 and 12 which is closest to the axle center C is r 1. The distance between the portion of the sliding surfaces of the friction members 11 and 12 farthest from the axle center C and the axle center C is r 2. Then, the region sandwiched between r 1 and r 2 is divided into three according to the distance from the axle center C. More specifically, the inner circumferential portion S 1 is a region in which the distance from the axle center C is in the range of r 1 to {r 1 + (r 2 - r 1) / 3}. The center portion S2 is a region in which the distance from the axle center C is in the range of {r1 + (r2 - r1) / 3} to {r1 + 2 × (r2 - r1) / 3}. The outer peripheral portion S3 is a region in which the distance from the axle center C is in the range of {r1 + 2 × (r2 - r1) / 3} to r2. In the brake lining of the present invention, the friction members 11 and 12 are arranged such that the friction members 11 and 12 satisfy the above-mentioned conditions.
Example
[0039]
　The present invention will be explained in more detail by examples. In the following examples, the brake linings of the present invention and comparative examples were evaluated by finite element analysis. In the analysis, a disc with a thermally deformed shape was used as a brake disc. The pressing load of the brake lining was set to 7.2 kN.
[0040]
　6A - FIG 6K. The arrangement of the friction member in the brake lining of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 schematically shown in FIG 7A to FIG. 7C . In These Figures, For Ease Of Understanding, It Filled The Fixed Friction Member 12. Further, Reference Numeral Conferred Only A Part Of The Invention Example 1 Of FIG. 6A.
[0041]
Therefore, the 　the friction member 11 and the fixed friction member 12 were the same . In the finite element analysis of this embodiment, to create a model divided in Brake Lining Shown Half In The Figure, It Was Analyzed By Using The Model. That Is, The Frictional Member Of This Embodiment Is Arranged Symmetrically (Line Symmetry) To The Axis Of Symmetry.
[0042]
　The latter, the inner peripheral portion S1, the number of friction members are centered in the central portion S2 and the outer peripheral portion S3, there are shown in Table 1. 1. , in each region, Table Since sliding area is equal for each friction member, there is nothing to friction members 11 and 12 there is a central in the area. The ratio of the number of Table 1 is equal to the ratio of the sliding area.

We Claims.

[Claim 1]　A brake lining for a rail vehicle, a brake lining for a rail vehicle,
　comprising a plurality of spring members, and a substrate, and the the the
　vehicle
　said friction member, said first second friction member, said first second friction member, said first 　second friction member , said second friction member , said second friction member , said second friction member ,
said second friction member is fixed to the substrate,
　The shortest distance between the center of the multiple of friction members the axle r 1 and then, longest distance a is taken as r 2, between the center of the plurality of friction members the axle
　distance from the center of the axle {r 1 + (r 2 - 　the sum of the sliding areas of the first friction member, a sum (r 1) / 3} to {r 1 + 2 × (r 2 - in r 1) / 3} that range the first friction member is centered present in there one or more,
T2 of the sliding area of ​​the second friction member, satisfy 2/25 ≤ T 2 / (T 1 + T 2) of the relationship, the brake linings.
[Requested item 2]
　Wherein all of the friction member is a first friction member, a brake lining according to claim 1 is present around the above range.
[Requested item 3]
　A first friction member, all of the friction member distance is present centered in the range is r 1 ~ {r 1 + 2 × (r 2 - r 1) / 3} from the center of the axle, according to claim 1 brake lining.
[Requested item 4]
　a range of {r 1 + (r 2 - r 1) / 3} to {r 1 + 2 × (r 2 - r 1) / 3} and a range of {r 1 + 2 × (r 2 - r 1) / 3} 4. The brake lining according to claim 1, wherein a center of each of the plurality of friction members is disposed in a range of 3} to r 2.
[Claim 5]
　The friction member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an arrangement of the friction members is axisymmetric with a straight line connecting a center in the circumferential direction of a region where all the friction members are arranged and a center of the axle as a symmetry axis The brake lining described in.
[Claim 6]
　Comprising a brake disk rotating with a wheel axle of a railway vehicle and a brake lining which is pressed against the brake disk for braking of the rail vehicle, a disc brake for a railway vehicle,
　said brake lining according to claim 1 A brake lining according to any one of claims 1 to 5