Technical field
[0001]
The present invention, brake linings for rail vehicles, and to a railway disc brake for a vehicle using the same.
BACKGROUND
[0002]
In recent years, with the speeding up of railway vehicles, the disc brake is widely used in the braking system of the railway vehicle. Disc brake is a device for obtaining a braking force by the friction between the brake disc and the brake linings.
[0003]
　Patent Document 1 (JP 2012-251597) discloses an example of a brake lining. Specifically, Patent Document 1, as one set two friction members which are adjacent to each other, the back metal of the pair of frictional members is disclosed a brake lining, characterized in that the integral. Patent Document 1, this brake lining, increase "and uniformity of contact pressure of the brake linings and the brake disc during braking, with satisfying both stabilization of the friction coefficient between them, the durable and reliable It has been described as. "which can be.
[0004]
　In the braking using a disk brake, when pressed against the brake lining to the brake disk, the noise of the brake disk is said to brake noise and vibration may occur. The brake noise is believed to be caused by self-excited vibration generated when pressing the brake lining to the brake disc. Techniques for suppressing this brake noise is disclosed in the prior art.
[0005]
　Patent Document 2 (JP 2011-214629) discloses a friction member, the brake lining and a backing plate for supporting the friction member. These friction members are distributed in a plurality in the radial direction and the circumferential direction of the brake disc. Each friction member is supported by an elastic member is interposed between the back plate. The friction in the brake lining Patent Document 2, in the installed state of the brake linings to the trolley, than the support rigidity of the friction member present in the vertical center line H of the lining, which is present in a portion other than the center line H unit and increasing the support rigidity of the member. According to this arrangement, the brake squeal is reduced is disclosed in Patent Document 2.
[0006]
　When braking is repeated friction member of the brake lining wear with a disc brake. At that time, there are cases where only a portion of the friction member is uneven wear occurs intensively in contact with the brake disc. When uneven wear occurs, the life of the braking performance and the friction member is reduced. To prevent such uneven wear, it is preferable that the brake disc and the brake linings are uniformly contacted. Furthermore, a new method that can effectively suppress the brake noise has been demanded.
CITATION
Patent Document
[0007]
Patent Document 1: JP 2012-251597 Patent Publication
Patent Document 2: JP 2011-214629 JP
Summary of the Invention
Problems that the Invention is to Solve
[0008]
　In the above circumstances, the present invention is one of the object to provide a brake lining and disc brake using the same can be suppressed effectively brake noise and uneven wear.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0009]
　Brake lining according to one embodiment of the present invention is a brake lining for a railway vehicle is pushed against the sliding surface of the brake disc rotating with a wheel axle of a railway vehicle by the brake caliper. The brake lining includes at least one first friction member blocks, and at least one second friction member blocks, and a plurality of fastening members, and a spring member disposed in each of the plurality of fastening members, wherein the brake caliper including, a substrate attached to. It said first friction member block includes at least one first friction member, and a first backing plate back surface of said at least one first friction member is fixed. It said first friction member block is fastened to the substrate elastically by two of the fastening member passing through said first back metal and the spring member. The first two of the fastening member included in the friction member blocks are arranged along a circumference around the axle. It said second friction member block includes at least one second friction member, and a second backing plate back surface of said at least one second friction member is fixed. Said second friction member block is fastened to the substrate elastically by three of the fastening member passing through said second backing plate and said spring member. Two of the fastening members present on both sides in the second friction member blocks are arranged along a circumference around the axle.
[0010]
　Disk for railway vehicle brakes according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a brake disk rotating with a wheel axle of a railway vehicle, a brake caliper and a brake lining of the present invention attached to the brake caliper.
Effect of the invention
[0011]
　According to the present invention, the brake linings and disc brake using the same can be suppressed effectively brake noise and uneven wear can be obtained.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012]
[1] Figure 1 is a front view schematically showing an example of the brake lining of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a part of a cross section of the brake lining shown in FIG. 1 schematically.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the arrangement of the friction member blocks in the brake lining of the present invention.
[Figure 4A] Figure 4A is a front view of the brake lining Embodiment 1.
[Figure 4B] Figure 4B is a rear view of the brake lining Embodiment 1.
[Figure 4C] Figure 4C is a right side view of the brake lining Embodiment 1.
[FIG. 4D] FIG. 4D is a left side view of the brake lining Embodiment 1.
[FIG. 4E] FIG. 4E is a plan view of the brake lining Embodiment 1.
[FIG. 4F] FIG. 4F is a bottom view of the brake lining Embodiment 1.
FIG 4G] FIG 4G is a perspective view of the brake lining Embodiment 1.
[Figure 5A] Figure 5A is a front view of a brake lining of the second embodiment.
[Figure 5B] Figure 5B is a rear view of a brake lining of the second embodiment.
[Figure 5C] Figure 5C is a right side view of the brake lining of the second embodiment.
[Figure 5D] Figure 5D is a left side view of the brake lining of the second embodiment.
FIG 5E] Figure 5E is a plan view of a brake lining of the second embodiment.
FIG 5F] Figure 5F is a bottom view of the brake lining of the second embodiment.
FIG 5G] Figure 5G is a perspective view of a brake lining of the second embodiment.
[Figure 6A] Figure 6A is a front view of a brake lining according to the third embodiment.
[Figure 6B] Figure 6B is a rear view of a brake lining according to the third embodiment.
[Figure 6C] Figure 6C is a right side view of the brake lining of the third embodiment.
FIG 6D] FIG. 6D is a left side view of a brake lining according to the third embodiment.
FIG 6E] FIG 6E is a plan view of a brake lining according to the third embodiment.
FIG 6F] FIG. 6F is a bottom view of a brake lining according to the third embodiment.
FIG 6G] FIG 6G is a perspective view of a brake lining according to the third embodiment.
[Figure 7A] Figure 7A is a diagram schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member blocks in the brake lining of the invention Example 1.
[Figure 7B] Figure 7B is a diagram schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member blocks in the brake lining of Comparative Example 1.
[Figure 7C] Figure 7C is a diagram schematically showing the arrangement of the friction member blocks in the brake lining of Comparative Example 2.
[8] FIG. 8 is a graph showing the evaluation results of brake squeal in the embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0013]
　As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the object can be achieved by using a specific brake lining in which a plurality of fastening members in certain configurations. This invention is based on this new finding.
[0014]
　Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. In the following description, will be described by way of example embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the examples described below. In the following description, there is a case to illustrate specific numerical values ​​and materials, as long as the effects of the present invention are obtained, may be applied other numerical values ​​and materials.
[0015]
　(Brake lining)
　brake lining of the present invention is a brake lining for a railway vehicle. The brake lining is pressed against the brake caliper on the sliding surface of the brake disc rotating with a wheel axle of a railway vehicle. The brake lining includes at least one first friction member blocks, and the at least one second friction member blocks, and a plurality of fastening members, and a spring member disposed in each of a plurality of fastening members, the brake caliper comprising a substrate attached, the. Substrate may be attached directly to the brake caliper may be attached to the brake caliper via another member. There is no limitation to the number of first and second friction members blocks included in the brake lining, respectively, for example may be in the range of 1-6.
[0016]
　The first friction member block includes at least one first friction member, and a first backing plate back surface of the at least one first friction member is fixed. If the first friction member block includes a plurality of first friction member, the back surface thereof of the friction member is fixed to one first back metal. The first friction member blocks are elastically fastened to the substrate by two fastening members passing through the spring member and the first back metal. Two fastening members included in the first friction member blocks, they are arranged along a circumference around an axle. In other words, as two fastening members included in the first friction member blocks are arranged along a circumference around an axle, first friction member blocks are arranged.
[0017]
　The second friction member block includes at least one second friction member, and a second backing plate back surface of the at least one second friction member is fixed. If the second friction member block includes a plurality of second friction members, the back surface thereof of the friction member is fixed to one of the second backing. The second friction member blocks are elastically fastened to the substrate by three fastening members passing through the spring member and the second backing plate. In a second friction member block, three fastening members are usually arranged on a straight line at intervals (or approximately straight line). Two fastening members present on both sides in the second friction member blocks are arranged along a circumference around an axle. In other words, as the two fastening members are present on both sides in the second friction member blocks are disposed along the circumference around the axle, the second friction member blocks are arranged.
[0018]
　There is no particular limitation to the fastening member may be used rivets. There is no particular limitation to the spring member, the disc spring may be a plate spring or a coil spring. Substrate is not particularly limited, and may be a metal plate.
[0019]
　Each of the first and second friction members block includes placement of friction member so as to face the sliding surface of the brake disc. Friction member is not particularly limited to (first and second frictional members), it may be used known friction member. Examples of the material of the friction member includes a sintered material or a resin material of a copper system. Not limited to the planar shape of the friction member. Examples of the planar shape of the friction member, circular, oval and polygonal (square and hexagonal, etc.). Incidentally, each of the first and second friction members may have a plurality of friction members are connected shape. For example, the first friction member may have two friction members (discoid other shapes of the friction member) are connected shape, the second friction member 3 of the friction member (disc shape other friction member) is linked shapes of the may have. In a typical example of a brake lining of the present invention, components including a friction member, only the first friction member block and the second friction member blocks.
[0020]
　In one first friction member blocks, when a plurality of first friction member are separated, there is no particular limitation on the planar shape of the first backing. For example, in the first back metal, a portion corresponding to between adjacent friction member may be hourglass. In the first back metal, a portion corresponding to between adjacent friction member may be a strip of constant width, may bulge.
[0021]
　Each fastening member friction member block and the substrate, the spring member is disposed. Further, the fastening member for fastening the friction member blockable to the substrate movement. According to this configuration, it is possible to mount the friction member blocks resiliently substrate. In this configuration, since the friction member moves in response to the surface of the brake disc, it can suppress variation in the contact pressure between the brake disc and the brake linings during braking.
[0022]
　In one aspect, the brake lining of the present invention, includes a resilient fastening members for resiliently fastening the friction member blocks the substrate. Elastic fastening member includes a fastening member and a spring member. The first friction member blocks resiliently fastened to the substrate by two elastic fastening member, the second friction member blocks are elastically fastened to the substrate by three resilient fastening members.
[0023]
　Circumference serving as a reference for a plurality of respective arrangement of the friction member blocks may be different or may be the same. For example, the fastening member of the plurality of friction members blocks may be arranged along a different circumference, or may be disposed along a circle.
[0024]
　The following describes the meaning of "two fastening members are arranged along the circumference." Of the two fastening members, the center of one of the fastening member and the point A, the center of the other fastening member is a point B, a line connecting these AB, and the middle point M of the line AB is assumed. Furthermore, assuming a circle R through the middle point M around the center C of the axle, assume tangent S of the circle R at the midpoint M. Then, the angle alpha (angle of acute angle that is not the 90 °) and the line AB and the tangent S angle. And "two fastening members are arranged along the circumference" in this specification, the angle α is 0 ~ 30 ° range (e.g. 0 ~ 20 °, 0 ~ 10 °, or 0 ~ 5 ° which means that in the range). Incidentally, the angle α is 0 ° means that the line AB is parallel to the tangent line S. In a typical example, both the points A and B are arranged on the circumference of a circle centered on the axle. In this case, the angle α becomes 0 °. A specific example of the angle alpha, described in FIG.
[0025]
　The at least one first friction member and the at least one second friction member, may be the same friction member, may be different friction member. For example, the material and shape of all of the friction members included in the brake lining may be the same. The first and second friction members are arranged so as to face the sliding surface of the brake disc. When at least one of the first and second friction members block includes a plurality of friction members, the plurality of friction members is arranged to spaced from each other.
[0026]
　Brake lining of the present invention, the following configurations (1) and (2) may have a configuration (1) may have to (4), has a structure (1) to (5) it may be.
(1) number of first friction members included in the first friction member blocks it is 2. Two first friction member is spaced.
(2) number of second friction members included in the second friction member block is 3. Three second friction member is usually disposed on a straight line at intervals (or approximately straight line).
(3) the respective center portions of the first friction member blocks two first included in the friction member, the fastening member is disposed. Incidentally, when the friction member is not circular, and the center of the friction member, which means the position of the center of gravity of the plane shape.
(4) the respective center portions of the second friction member 3 of the second included in the block of the friction member, the fastening member is disposed.
(5) the first and second friction members, a friction member of the disc-shaped.
[0027]
　The first friction member block structure (1) comprises two friction members to move resiliently fastened to independently substrate. The second friction member block structure (2) comprises three friction member to move resiliently fastened to independently substrate. In configuration (1) and (2), a plurality of friction members are individually in contact with the brake disc, in particular suppress variation in the contact pressure between the brake disc and the brake linings during braking. According to the configuration (3) to (5), the uneven wear can be prevented friction member can suppress the influence of the rotation of the friction member.
[0028]
　An example of a brake lining of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "Example (A)"), the at least one first friction member block and at least one second friction member blocks, centered on the axle the circle in the radial direction of the line (the line connecting the center of the circumferential direction of the center and the axle of the substrate) are arranged in line symmetry axis of symmetry. In other words, the sequence of the friction member blocks a straight line connecting the center of the circumferential direction of the center and the axle of the region where all of the friction member blocks are arranged as a symmetrical axis is symmetrical (line symmetry). According to this configuration, since the assembly of the brake lining is simplified, it is possible to reduce the man-hours during assembly. Further, when the forward rotation time and reverse rotation of the wheel, can provide the same braking performance.
[0029]
　The brake lining of the above examples (A), the second friction member blocks centrally located, the first friction member blocks may be arranged so as to sandwich it. For example, the two second friction member blocks them a first friction member blocks so arranged four sandwich may be arranged in line symmetry lines of the radial axis of symmetry. Further, in the brake lining in the example above (A), the first friction member blocks centrally located, the second friction member blocks may be arranged so as to sandwich it. Further, in the brake lining in the example above (A), arranged one second friction member blocks in the center of the outside of the radial direction, the one first friction member blocks in the center of the inside of the radial direction it may be arranged. In this case, the two first friction member block so as to sandwich one second friction member blocks of the outer placed, the first one of the inner friction member blocks the sandwich as in the two first the friction member blocks may be disposed.
[0030]
　(Disc brake)
　disc brake of the present invention is a disc brake for a railway vehicle. The disc brake comprises a brake disc rotating with a wheel axle of a railway vehicle, a brake caliper and a brake lining of the present invention mounted to the brake caliper. There is no particular limitation to the brake caliper and brake disc may be used known ones. Brake caliper, pressing a brake lining to the brake disc, such as by hydraulic or pneumatic, thereby braking the wheel. Brake disk is a disk that rotates with the rotation of the wheels of an axle of a railway vehicle. Brake discs are typically fixed to a wheel or axle. The center of the brake disk, coincides with the center of the axle. Therefore, in this specification, the "circumference around the main axis", it is possible to read as "circumference around the center of the brake disc."
[0031]
　(Embodiment)
　An example embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In the present embodiment, the first friction member block comprises two friction members, the second friction member blocks explaining an example including three friction members. The brake lining 10 of the embodiment shown in FIG. Figure 1 is a front view when viewing the brake lining 10 from the brake disc side. Further, a cross-sectional view of a first friction member block 21 along line II-II of Figure 1, shown schematically in FIG. Although FIG. 2 shows an arrangement of the brake disc 100.
[0032]
　Brake linings 10 has four first friction member blocks 21, and two second friction member block 22, a plurality of fastening members (rivets) 31, and a plurality of spring members (disc spring) 32, one of including a substrate 41. The shape of the substrate 41 is a horizontally long generally rectangular.
[0033]
　The first friction member block 21, a disk-shaped two friction members (first friction member) 20 is constituted of a single back metal 21a. The rear surface of the two friction members 20 are secured to the back metal 21a. The backing metal 21a, 2 one through-hole through which the fastening member 31 is formed. In back metal 21a, a portion corresponding to between adjacent friction member 20 is hourglass. Each center of the friction member 20, the fastening member 31 through the through hole and the spring member 32 of the back metal 21a is disposed. The fastening member 31 and the first friction member block 21 not fixed, the friction member block 21 is fastened to the elastically substrate 41 by a fastening member 31 and the spring member 32.
[0034]
　The second friction member block 22, a disk-shaped three friction members (second friction member) 20 is constituted of a single back metal 22a. In the present embodiment, an example and the friction member 20 are the same contained as a friction member 20 included in the second friction member block 22 to the second friction member block 21. The friction member block 22, three friction member 20 is arranged at regular intervals on one straight line. Similarly, three fastening members 31 are arranged at regular intervals on one straight line. The back metal 22a, 3 one through-hole through which the fastening member 31 is formed. In back metal 22a, a portion corresponding to between adjacent friction member 20 is hourglass. Each center of the friction member 20, the fastening member 31 through the through hole and the spring member 32 of the back metal 22a is disposed. The fastening member 31 and the second friction member block 22 not fixed, the friction member block 22 is fastened to the elastically substrate 41 by a fastening member 31 and the spring member 32. By using the second friction member block 22 fastened resiliently to the substrate by three fastening members 31, in particular suppress brake noise.
[0035]
　As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the friction member 20 is arranged at a distance from each other. Moreover, the friction member 20 is disposed so as to face the sliding surface 100a of the brake disc 100. Substrate 41 of the brake lining 10, in one example, is attached to the brake caliper (not shown) via a guide plate (not shown). Disc brake of the invention comprises a brake lining 10, brake caliper and brake disc 100,. In the brake lining 10 shown in FIG. 1, two second friction member block 22 is disposed in the center, the first friction member block 21 of four so as to sandwich them are arranged. These four friction members block 21 and the two friction member block 22 are arranged symmetrically (line symmetry) to the line T in the radial direction of a circle around the axle axis of symmetry.
[0036]
　An example of the arrangement of the friction block shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the first friction member block 121a is a first friction member blocks are arranged slightly inclined from a circumference around an axle. The second friction member block 122a is a second friction member blocks are arranged such that the angle α is 0 °.
[0037]
　The arrangement of the first friction member blocks 121a will be described. Of the two fastening members 31 of the first friction member blocks 121a, the center of one of the fastening member 31 to a point A1, the center of the other fastening member 31 and the point B1. The midpoint of the line A1B1 connecting the points A1 and B1 and the midpoint M1. A circle passing through the midpoints M1 about the center C of the axle to circle R1. Further, the tangent of the circle R1 at the mid-point M1 and the tangent S1. Angle α1 formed by the line A1B1 and tangent S1 is the angle α mentioned above. Angle [alpha] 1 (angle alpha) is in the range described above. Both point A1 and the point B1, when present on the circumference of a circle centered on the axle, the angle α1 becomes 0 °. In the present embodiment, the center of the fastening member 31 is equal to the center of the friction member 20. Therefore, the brake lining 10 of the present embodiment has the above configuration (1) to (5).
[0038]
　The second friction member block 122a shown in FIG. 3 is arranged such that the angle α is 0 °. For two fastening members 31 present on both sides of the three fastening members 31 of the second friction member blocks 122a, a center of the fastening member 31 at one end and a point A2, the center of the fastening member 31 at the other end It is referred to as a point B2. The midpoint of the line A2B2 connecting the point A2 and point B2 to the midpoint M2. A circle passing through the middle point M2 about the center C of the axle to circle R2. Further, the tangent of the circle at the midpoint M2 R2 tangent S2. In the example of FIG. 3, overlapping the line A2B2 and tangent S2. Therefore, the angle α described above is 0 °.
[0039]
　(Other embodiments)
　indicating the brake lining of the other embodiments 1 to 3 below.
[0040]
　The brake lining 10 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 4A ~ 4G. Figure 4A is a front view when viewing the brake lining 10 from the brake disc side. Fig. 4B is a rear view. Figure 4C is a right side view. Figure 4D is a left side view. Figure 4E is a plan view. Figure 4F is a bottom view. Figure 4G is a perspective view when viewing the brake lining 10 from obliquely from the brake disc side.
[0041]
　Brake linings 10 of the first embodiment, differs in the following respects as compared with the brake lining 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Referring to FIGS. 4A ~ 4G, the brake lining 10 includes five first friction member block 21, and one of the second friction member block 22.
[0042]
　In the brake lining 10 of the first embodiment, one first friction member blocks 21 and one second friction member block 22 is arranged in the center. That one second friction member block 22 is disposed on the outside in the radial direction of a circle around the axle. That one of the first friction member block 21 is disposed on the inner side of the radial direction. The first friction member blocks 21 of two so as to sandwich the second friction member block 22 of one of the outer is arranged. The first friction member blocks 21 of two so as to sandwich the first friction member block 21 of one of the inner is located. These five friction members block 21 and one of the friction member blocks 22 are arranged symmetrically (line symmetry) to the line T of the radial axis of symmetry.
[0043]
　In back metal 21a of the first friction member block 21, a portion corresponding to between adjacent friction member 20 is constricted narrower than the width of the friction member 20. In back metal 22a of the second friction member block 22, a portion corresponding to between adjacent friction member 20 is constricted narrower than the width of the friction member 20.
[0044]
　The brake lining 10 of the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 5A ~ 5G. Figure 5A is a front view when viewing the brake lining 10 from the brake disc side. Figure 5B is a rear view. Figure 5C is a right side view. Figure 5D is a left side view. Figure 5E is a plan view. FIG. 5F is a bottom view. Figure 5G is a perspective view when viewing the brake lining 10 from obliquely from the brake disc side.
[0045]
　Brake linings 10 of the second embodiment is different in the following points as compared with the brake lining 10 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 4A ~ 4G. Referring to FIGS. 5A ~ 5G, the back metal 21a of the first friction member block 21, a portion corresponding to between adjacent friction member 20 is a strip of the same constant width as the friction member 20. In back metal 22a of the second friction member block 22, a portion corresponding to between adjacent friction member 20 is a strip of the same constant width as the friction member 20.
[0046]
　The brake lining 10 of the embodiment 3 shown in FIG. 6A ~ 6G. Figure 6A is a front view when viewing the brake lining 10 from the brake disc side. FIG. 6B is a rear view. Figure 6C is a right side view. Figure 6D is a left side view. Figure 6E is a plan view. FIG. 6F is a bottom view. Figure 6G is a perspective view when viewing the brake lining 10 from obliquely from the brake disc side.
[0047]
　Brake linings 10 of the third embodiment is different in the following points as compared with the brake lining 10 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 4A ~ 4G. Referring to FIGS. 6A ~ 6G, the back metal 21a of the first friction member block 21, a portion corresponding to between adjacent friction member 20 is inflated thicker than the width of the friction member 20. In back metal 22a of the second friction member block 22, a portion corresponding to between adjacent friction member 20 is inflated thicker than the width of the friction member 20.
Example
[0048]
　The present invention, examples will be described in more detail. In the following examples, by finite element analysis, it was evaluated for the brake lining of the present invention and comparative examples. In the analysis, it was a disc brake, which is used in the Shinkansen (registered trademark) and the model.
[0049]
　In this analysis, a brake disk, new disk, the analysis for the case of using the disc, three types of discs that is thermally deformed with warped shape was carried out. Brand new disk is a disk sliding surface is a flat surface. Disc having a warped shape is a disc the disc outer peripheral portion of the by the load is applied repeatedly brake is warped toward the brake lining side. Disc that is thermally deformed, the region of the disc central portion in the brake is a disk that reproduces the inflated state against the brake lining side.
[0050]
　Invention Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 the arrangement of the friction member blocks in the brake lining, respectively, shown in FIG. 7A, 7B and 7C. In the brake linings of the inventive example and comparative examples shown in FIGS. 7A ~ 7C, the friction member block (first friction member block and a second friction member blocks) were placed in line symmetry about a radial line. Each of the first and second friction members block has a configuration of the first and second friction members block described in the above embodiment. Invention examples and comparative examples, the number and arrangement of the friction member block is the same except different.
[0051]
　As shown in FIG. 7A, the brake linings of the invention Example 1, four first friction member blocks (friction member blocks 121a and 121b and their symmetrical), two second friction member block (the friction member blocks 122a and 122b) and a. The angle α of the friction member blocks 122a and 122b has a 0 °. Each angle α of the friction member blocks 121a and 121b, and a 2.5 ° and 8.3 °. That was the angle α ranges of both 0 ~ 30 ° in Inventive Example 1 (more range of 0 ~ 10 ° in detail).
[0052]
　As shown in FIG. 7B, the brake lining of Comparative Example 1 includes seven first friction member block (friction member blocks 121c, 121d ~ 121f and their symmetry). Friction member blocks 121c, 121d, 121e, and 121f respectively angle α is of, 90 °, 11.1 °, and a 47 °, and 0.2 °.
[0053]
　As shown in FIG. 7C, the brake lining of Comparative Example 2 contains six first friction member block (friction member blocks 121g, 121h, and 121i and 121j their symmetry). Friction member blocks 121g, 121h, 121i, and 121j angle α, respectively, 0 °, 0 °, was 1.6 °, and 2.1 °.
[0054]
　Inventive Example 1, the total number of friction members included in Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 (the total number of fastening members) are respectively, 14, and 14, and 12 and. Further, Invention Example 1, respectively Comparative Example 1, and the sliding area of the friction members included in Comparative Example 2 (the total area of the brake disc side surface of the friction member) is, 27552Mm 2 , 27552Mm 2 , and 23616Mm 2 and did.
[0055]
　In this analysis, the brake caliper, giving a predetermined load from the rear side of the brake linings to the brake lining. Specifically, when a new disk is 13.65KN, in the case of warped shape disk 6.8KN, in the case of thermal deformation disk gave a load of 6.2KN. And, we were evaluated brake squeal due to the load. Further, (total contact area between the brake disc and the friction member) contact area due to the load, and were evaluated for the maximum contact surface pressure.
[0056]
　The results of the evaluation of the brake noise shown in FIG. The vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 8 represents the maximum squeal index. Squeal index was expressed as the ratio of when the 1 attenuation ratio of self-excited vibration generated in the analytical model of Comparative Example 1. As apparent from FIG. 8, the friction member blocks than the brake lining of Comparative Example 1 that are not arranged along the circumference, Inventive Example 1 and Comparative Example friction member blocks are arranged along the circumference in 2 of the brake lining, brake noise is reduced. In particular, the first friction member block 21 and the second friction member block 22 and the brake linings of the inventive example 1 are mixed, the effect of suppressing brake noise was extremely high. In the graph shown in FIG. 8, the squeal index falls 0.1 sound pressure corresponds to a 50% reduction. Therefore, the results of FIG. 8, the brake lining invention Example 1 shows that extremely high brake noise suppressing effect is obtained.
[0057]
　The analysis results for the contact area between the brake disc and the friction member shown in Table 1. Furthermore, it shows the analysis results for the maximum contact surface pressure between the brake disc and the friction member in Table 2. Contact area is large, that the brake disk and the friction member is uniformly contacted, i.e., means that the partial wear of the friction member is small. Similarly, the maximum contact surface pressure is small, means that less uneven wear of the friction member.
[0058]
[Table 1]

[0059]
[Table 2]

[0060]
　In Table 1, different from the contact area of ​​the new disc as Comparative Example 1 and Invention Example 1, it is due to the relationship between the placement position and the friction member is pushed by the piston of the brake caliper. As shown in Table 1, the brake lining of the invention Example 1 is compared with the brake lining of Comparative Example 1 number is same of the friction member, the contact area is larger 1-5%. The brake lining of the invention Example 1 is compared with the brake lining of Comparative Example 1 and 2 was smaller maximum contact surface pressure. As a result, by using the brake lining of the invention Example 1 show that it is possible to suppress uneven wear of the friction member.
[0061]
　To suppress brake noise as shown in FIG. 8, it is important to arrange the friction member blocks along the circumference. Brake lining of Comparative Example 2 is the first friction member blocks 21 are arranged along the circumference, placing 14 of the friction member by using only the first friction member block 21 size relationship in it is difficult. On the other hand, to increase the contact area by using only the first friction member block 21, is required to be arranged as in Comparative Example 1. However, when the arrangement of Comparative Example 1, brake noise increases as shown in FIG. In contrast, the brake linings of the friction member block 21 and the friction member block 22 and Inventive Example 1 was combined with, it is possible to achieve the suppression of uneven wear and suppression of brake noise at the same time.
Industrial Applicability
[0062]
　The present invention can be used in brake linings and rail vehicle disc brake using the same for a railway vehicle.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS
[0063]
　10 brake lining
　20 of friction member (first and second frictional
　members) 21,121A ~ 121j first friction member blocks
　21a first backing
　22,122a, 122b second friction member block
　22a second backing
　31 fastened members
　(rivets) 32 spring member (disc
　spring) 41 substrate
　100 brake disc
　100a sliding surface

The scope of the claims
[Requested item 1]
　The sliding surface of the brake disc rotating with a wheel axle of a railway vehicle a brake lining for a railway vehicle is pushed by the brake caliper,
　at least one first friction member blocks, at least one second friction member a block, a plurality of fastening members, and a spring member disposed in each of the plurality of fastening members comprises: a substrate attached to the brake caliper,
　said first friction member blocks at least one first a friction member, wherein the includes a first backing plate rear surface is secured in at least one first friction member,
　said first friction member block, two through said first backing and said spring member the coupling being fastened to the substrate elastically by a member,
　the first two of the fastening member included in the friction member blocks said Axis are arranged along a circumference around a
　first said second friction member blocks, at least one second friction member, the rear surface of the at least one second friction member is fixed and a second backing plate,
　said second friction member block is fastened to the substrate elastically by three of the fastening member passing through said second backing plate and said spring member,
　said second friction two of the fastening members present on both sides in the member blocks are arranged along a circumference around the axle, brake linings.
[Requested item 2]
　Wherein at least one of the first friction member and the at least one second friction member are the same friction member, the brake lining of claim 1.
[Requested item 3]
　The number of said first friction members included in the first friction member blocks is 2,
　the number of said second friction members included in the second friction member blocks is 3,
　the first the fastening member is disposed on each of the central portions of the two of said first friction members included in the friction member blocks,
　each of the three second friction members included in the second friction member blocks wherein the fastening member is disposed, the brake lining according to claim 1 or 2 in the center.
[Requested item 4]
　At least one of the first friction member block and at least one of said second friction member blocks are arranged symmetrically in the radial direction of the line of a circle centered on the axle as a symmetry axis, claim brake lining according to any one of 1 to 3.
[Requested item 5]
　And two of said second friction member blocks them and arranged four first friction member block so as to sandwich is a line in the radial direction are arranged in line symmetry axis of symmetry, claim brake lining described in 4.
[Requested item 6]
　Said one of said second friction member blocks in the center of the radial direction of the outer is disposed, the radial one of the first friction member blocks the inside of the center are arranged, further, said one of the outer two of the so as to sandwich the second friction member blocks the first friction member block is disposed, the two so as to sandwich the one first friction member blocks said inner first friction member blocks arranged It is, the brake lining of claim 4.
[Requested item 7]
　A brake disc rotating with a wheel axle of a railway vehicle,
　a brake caliper,
　and a brake lining according to any one of the claims 1 to 6 attached to the brake caliper disc brake for a railway vehicle.