FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a synergistic, broad spectrum herbicidal
composition for controlling both narrow and broad-leaved weeds in leguminous
crops, preferably Soybean.
5 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In modernized agriculture today, considerable attention is being given to all
aspects of crop production, especially to those, which concern defense of crops
against weeds, diseases, insects and pests. In last few years a spurt in agricultural
production is due to the green revolution, increased fertilizer use, crop
10 production, improved irrigation and infrastructural facilities. The important
challenge confronted in the farming today in the production practices is weed
management. Weed control using chemicals is much older.
From 1940 onwards chemicals became the principal tools of weed control in the
most developed nations and have been expanding slowly to the developing
15 nations. The present invention is the result of continued efforts of the inventors
to develop a good and stable 3-way herbicidal composition wherein the active
ingredients belong to 3 different chemical structural groups for controlling both
narrow and broad leaf weeds in various crops particularly including soybean and
black gram.
20 US Patent 6713433B2 teaches a liquid concentrate herbicidal emulsion
composition comprising oil soluble and water-soluble herbicide formulation and
the patent EP 1202622B1 claims micro emulsion formulation of water-soluble
herbicide and graminicide. Similarly, while several other herbicides/ weedicides
are available in the market to protect crop, there still exists a scope for
25 improvement to save labor and improve productivity. In addition, if left
untreated, the unwanted vegetation is highly detrimental and causes hindrance
to the growth of crop ultimately bringing down the yield potential.
3
Legumes play a critical role in natural ecosystems, agriculture and forestry. They
are an important source of human food and animal forage. Wellknown legumes include alfalfa, clover, peas, chickpeas, lentils, soybeans,
peanuts, etc. Glycine max (Soybean) has been a crop of interest world over due
5 to its high nutritious value. While selecting a herbicide program for soybean the
following factors need to be considered: land, soil type, weeds present in the
crop field, management practices and rotation plans. No one program is best
suited for all situations. In addition, continued reliance on a single program can
lead to severe problems. In order to maintain or increase the overall yield of the
10 soybean crop, it is desirable that the unwanted vegetation that grows along with
the crop is effectively controlled.
Till date several soybean weedicides are present in market, each one suffer from
one or the other problems like resistance, limited spectrum, mode of application,
formulation etc. therefore there exists a need for a better weed control
15 composition that can address all the problems of the currently available
weedicides.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a broad spectrum
synergistic herbicidal formulation comprising a first active ingredient which is
20 Quizalofop and its isomers which may include Quizalofop –ethyl, Quizalofop-pethyl and Quizalofop-P-terfuryl, a second active ingredient which is Fomesafen,
and a third active ingredient which is Imazethapyr.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide herbicidal formulation
comprising the active ingredient combination of Quizalofop, Fomesafen and
25 Imazethapyr wherein each active ingredient along with suitable safer adjuvants
are formulated into suspension concentrate.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide herbicidal water-based
formulation which has high herbicidal efficacy without any phytotoxicity on
soybean crop.
4
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a herbicidal formulation
which is useful for resistance management in weeds.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a broad-spectrum
herbicidal formulation that enables a simultaneous control of narrow- and
5 broad-leaved weed population in soybean crop.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, there is provided a synergistic herbicidal
composition, comprising:
a) a herbicidally effective amount of Quizalofop- including its agriculturally
10 acceptable salts and esters thereof.
b) a herbicidally effective amount of Fomesafen; and
c) a herbicidally effective amount of Imazethapyr
Said compounds are already known for their herbicidal potency. However, it has
surprisingly been identified by the inventors of the present invention that the
15 combination of said herbicidal compounds displays a synergism when applied in
a specific manner.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
Fig 1 shows the flow diagram depicting the general steps for preparation of
herbicidal composition in accordance with the present invention
20 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Herbicide: The term herbicide is used herein to mean an active ingredient that
kills, control or otherwise adversely modifies the growth of plants. An
herbicidally effective or vegetation controlling agent is an amount of active
ingredient which causes an adversely modifying effect on the target weeds and
25 includes deviations from natural development like killing regulation, desiccation,
retardation and the like. The term plant and vegetation include germinant seeds,
emerging seedling and established vegetation.
5
The present invention provides a broad spectrum and selective herbicidal
composition which is capable of controlling major weeds in soybean crop in a
single use/ application, while also overcoming some or all of the problems
associated with the prior art. The present invention also covers the highly
5 effective formulation of the herbicidal composition, i.e. suspension concentrate
(SC) containing the herbicidal active ingredient combination of the present
invention.
The active ingredients of the herbicidal composition in accordance with the
present invention along with their potential mode of action, are identified below:
10 QUIZALOFOP ETHYL:
IUPAC name: Propanoic acid, 2-[4-[(6-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]phenoxy]-, ethyl
ester
It is a systermic herbicide, it belongs to aryloxyphenoxypropionic herbicide.
15 Quizalofop ethyl is absorbed from leaf surface , with translocation throughout
the plant, moving in both the xylem and phloem and accumulating in the
meristamatic tissue. Its mode of action is primarily inhibiting acetyl Coa
carboxylase (ACCase) enzyme. Quizalofop ethyl is used in Soybean, Cotton,
Groundnut, Green gram, Black gram,Sesamum, Jute and all other broad leaf
20 crops and vegetables. It is sensitive to narrow leaf weeds like Echinocloa
colonum, Echinocloa cruisgalli, setaria glauca, cyanodon dactylon
FOMESAFEN:
IUPAC: 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-N-methylsulfonyl-2-
nitrobenzamide
6
It is selective herbicide and belongs to amide herbicides and nitro phenyl ether
herbicides group. It is taken up readily through foliage (primarily via xylem) but
not readily translocated. Protox (photoporphyrinogen oxidase) is an important
5 enzyme involved in chlorophyll and heme biosynthesis, its inhibition leads to a
chain of reactions that ultimately results in lipid per oxidation lipids and proteins
are attacked and oxidized resulting in loss of chlorophyll and carotenoids and in
leaky membranes which allows cells and cell organelles to dry and disintegrate
rapidly. It may be applied for pre – plant, pre-emergence or post emergence
10 control or suppression of broad leaf weeds in soybean.
IMAZETHAPYR:
IUPAC : 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-
oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl15 Imazethapyr is an imidazole compound used as a selective herbicide. It is applied
preplant incorporated, pre-emergence, at cracking, and postemergence. The
compound controls weeds by reducing the levels of three branched-chain
aliphatic amino acids, isoleucine, leucine and valine, through the inhibition of
aceto-hydroxyacid synthase, an enzyme common to the biosynthetic pathway for
20 these amino acids. This inhibition causes a disruption in protein synthesis which,
7
in turn, leads to an interference in DNA synthesis and cell growth. The compound
is used to control grasses and broadleaved weeds including barnyard grass,
crabgrass, cocklebur, panicums, pigweeds, nightshade, mustard, smartweed,
velvetleaf, jimsonweed, foxtails, seedling Johnson grass, lambs quarters,
5 morning-glory and others. Tolerant crops include soybeans, peanuts, dry and
edible beans, peas, alfalfa and imidazolinone resistant/tolerant corn. Additional
research is being conducted on other leguminous crops.
Imazethapyr comes in suspension liquid (SL) formulations. It is also formulated
and may be combined with other herbicides.
10 During the field trial and results, the present inventors have suprisingly found
that, when these herbicides are used together in suitable amounts or wt.
percentages, the resulting combination shows a higher activity against harmful
weeds and higher inhibitory activity to prevent weeds from affecting the
agricultural crop, at much lower concentration than when either component was
15 used alone , that is , an excellent synergistic effect has been identified. Thus
clearly the effect of this combination composition is much more than the
cumulative effect of individual component.
Hence, in the final composition ( the composition in accordance with the present
invention) both the components are effective at much lower concentartion than
20 their recommended doses individually and the control of weeds is faster and
better than their alone applications.
The present composition may work well as several formulations, while the
preferred formulation according to the present invention is a suspension
concentrate.
25 Advantage of SC formulation over other formulation:
1) It is safe and ecofriendly pesticide formulation,
2) It is easy to mix as it is water based formulation.
8
3) Organic solvents are not used. Solvent may increase toxicity to operator
/environment and degrades spray equipment parts, freezing may iniate
crystal formation. Thus, SC formulation is free from these disadvantages.
4) Specific kind of surfactant ie. polymeric surfactant is added which is easily
5 soluble for making SC formulations.
The efficacy in controlling the weed population in crops has increased due to use
of water soluble formulation. There is minimum exposure to hazard, it is easily
soluble in water and easy to spray, it is dust free, easy to handle, and imparts
excellent spray tank dilution. It shows better adhesion and penetration on target.
10 Although the preferred formulation is suspension concentrate. Other possible
formulations include emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Wettable powder (WP),
Soluble (liquid) concentrate (SL), Soluble powder (SP), Capsule suspension(CS),
Water dispersible granules (WDG), Micro-emulsions(ME). Suitable adjuvants
such as solvent, an emulsifying agent, or a dispersant may, if desired be used for
15 ancillary purposes. Different doses and different combination of the three active
ingredients were evaluated under field conditions and in all the cases this
combination was found to be superior over the individual components in terms
of bioefficacy.
In an embodiment, the composition comprises Quizalofop –P including
20 agriculturally acceptable salts and esters thereof in an amount ranging from 1-
40% w/w of the composition, Fomasafen ranging from an amount 1-50% w/w of
the composition and Imazethapyr in an amount 1-30% w/w of the composition.
In a preferred embodiment, the composition comprises Quizalofop is present in
an amount 3.6 %w/w of the composition, Fomesafen is present in an amount
25 14%w/w of the composition and Imazethapyr is present in an amount 7% w/w of
the composition.
In a preferred embodiment, the suitable ester of Quizalofop in the present
herbicidal composition is Quizalofop ethyl. Other particular examples of suitable
esters include quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl.
9
In a preferred embodiment , the composition of the present invention is applied
at the early post emergence stage; generally it can be used at 3-4 leaves stage of
weeds for better results.
The examples of weeds controlled by the present combination in the initial field
5 evaluations are Echinocloa colonum, Commelina bengalensis, Cyanotis axillaris,
Setaria glauca, Parthenium hysterophorus, Cilosia indica, etc..
In an embodiment, the suspension concentrate of the composition is prepared
using anti freezing agent, a surfactant, an antifungal, a deformer, binder,
demineralized water, etc. The mixture of surfactants and anti freezing agent are
10 first diluted in demineralised water and solubilised by high speed mixture. To this
mixture, deformer and quizalofop technical were added and mixed to prepare a
homogeneous mix. This was followed by addition of Fomesafen technical and
Imazethapyr technical and rest of the adjuvants to result into a homogenous
mass. This was followed by grinding of the homogenous mass in a sand mill.
15 Grinding was carried out untill a mean particle size of less than 5 microns is
obtained. A 2% gum solution was then prepared by taking 10 gm demineralised
water and adding to it 0.5 gm of formaldehyde solution under slow stirring
followed by slow addion of 0.2 gm xanthan gum. The 2 % xanthan gum solution
in water is then added under slow stirring to the homogenous mix obtained in
20 the previous step. Finally quality parameters are checked.
In an embodiment the present composition comprises one or more dispersing
agents, wherein said dispersing agent is selected from the group comprising
sodium lignosulphonates, sodium naphthalene sulphonate- formaldehyde
condensates, aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates, tristyrylphenol ethoxylates potassium
25 salt and esters, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymers. In a preferred
embodiment, the dispersing agent is tristyrylphenol ethoxylates potassium salt.
In an embodiment said dispersing agent may be present in an amount ranging
from 3-5% w/w of the herbicidal composition.
10
In an embodiment, the present composition comprises one or more wetting
agents, wherein said wetting agent is selected from the group comprising blend
of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, amine salt of poly aryl phenyl ether
phosphate, Sodium laurel sulphate. In a preferred embodiment, the wetting
5 agent is poly aryl phenyl ether phosphate.
In an embodiment, the wetting agent may be present in an amount ranging from
2-4% w/w of the herbicidal composition.
In an embodiment, the present composition comprises one or more anti foaming
agents, wherein said anti- foaming agent is selected from the group comprising
10 silicone emulsions, long-chain alcohols, fatty acids, organic fluorine compounds.
In a preferred embodiment, the anti -foaming agent is silicon based.
In an embodiment, the anti-foaming agent is present in an amount ranging from
0.20-01% w/w of the composition.
In another preferred embodiment, the thickener is selected from the group
15 consisting of polyacrylamide, polyethylene polymers, polysaccharides (long-chain
sugars), or vegetable oils and xanthum gum. In a preferred embodiment, the
thickening agent is Xanthan gum.
In an embodiment, the thickening agent is present in an amount ranging from
0.05-0.20% w/w of the composition.
20 In another preferred embodiment, antifreeze agent is selected from the group
comprising monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol,
ethylene alcohols, polyethylene glycols, glycerine, epichlorohydrin, urea,
glycerol, sorbitol or a mixture thereof. In a preferred embodiment the antifreeze
agent is propylene glycol.
25 In an embodiment, the anti-freeze agent is present in an amount ranging from
05-10%w/w.
11
In another preferred embodiment, antibacterial agent is selected from the group
Clavulanic acid, Avibactum, stigmasterol and formaldehyde. In a preferred agent
embodiment the antibacterial agent is formaldehyde.
In an embodiment, the anti-bacterial is present in an amount ranging from 0.10-
5 050%w/w.
The composition in accordance with the present invention was prepared as
suspension concentrate and field tested to evaluate the bioefficacy and phyto
toxicity at different doses on soybean crop to test the effect on narrow and
broad leaved weed population. The results revealed that the combination is far
10 superior than the individual components at recommended dosage. The details of
the field trial are presented below:
EXAMPLES
The examples below are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to
be construed as limitations of the present invention, as many variations thereof
15 are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Example 1: Preparation of herbicidal composition of the present invention:
Preparation of the present composition was carried out by undertaking the
following steps:
Step -1: The mixture of surfactants & anti-freezing agent were first diluted in
20 demineralized or deionized water, and solubilized by high-speed mixture. After
this, the deformer and Quizalofop ethyl were added and mixed to make the
mixture homogenous. This was followed by addition of Fomesafen and
Imazethapyr after which the homogenous mass was mixed and rest adjuvants
were added.
25 Step -2: The above-mixed mass was ground in a sand mill. Grinding was carried
out until a mean particle size of less than 5 microns was obtained.
12
Step -3: Preparation of 2% gum solution –10 gm of DM water was taken and
added to 0.5 gm of formaldehyde solution, then 0.20 gm xanthan gum
(thickener) was added under slow stirring.
Step -4: After the grinding, 2% water solution of xanthan gum was added to the
5 mixture obtained from step 1 under low stirring and was homogeneously mixed.
Finally quality parameters (appearance, pourability, spontaneity, pH were
checked (as also shown in Table 2) were checked.
There was no effluent generation during the formulation of this product. All the
process steps were carried out at a temp. range of 25-30 degree Celsius.
10 In a preferred embodiment, the chemical composition of the herbicidal
composition in accordance with the present invention is depicted below in Table
1:
Table 1: Chemical Composition of herbicidal composition (in wt. %)
S.no. Chemical constituent % composition
(w/w)
1 Quizalofop technical (Basis of 100 %) 1-40
2 Fomesafen technical (Basis of 100%) 1-50
3 Imazethapyr technical (Basis of 100%) 1-30
4 Antifreeze agent (Propylene glycol) 5-10
5 Dispersing agents 3-5
6 Wetting agents 2-4
7 Deformer (silica based) 0.2-1
8 Antibacterial /Biocide 0.1-0.5
9 Thickener (Xanthan gum) 0.05-2
10 Demineralized water Q.S
13
In a more preferred embodiment, the chemical composition of the present
herbicidal composition is depicted below in table 2:
Table 2: Preferred chemical composition of the herbicidal composition of the
present invention:
Quizalofop technical (Basis of 100.0%) 3.6% w/w
Fomesafen technical (Basis of 100.0%) 14% w/w
Imazethapyr technical (Basis of 100.0%) 7% w/w
Anti-freeze agent (propylene glycol) 7% w/w
Dispersing agent 3% w/w
Wetting agent 2% w/w
Defoamer or antifoaming agent (silicon
based)
0.5% w/w
Antibacterial/Biocide 0.2% w/w
Thickener (xanthan gum) 0.3% w/w
DM water QS to 100%
5
Table 3 below depicts the quality parameters of the herbicidal composition in
accordance with the present invention:
Table 3: Quality parameters of the present Composition
S.no. Quality parameter Desired quality
1 Appearance Material shall be in the form of free flowing
suspension
2 Pourability Residue shall not be more than 5% w/w
3 Spontaneity of Shall not be less than 50% w/w
14
dispersion
4 Wet sieve test 98% min (passes through 45 microns sieve)
5 Persistence of foam Not more than 60ml in 1 min
6 Active ingredient
content
Quizalofop 3.6% w/w + Fomesafen 14% w/w+
Imazethapyr 7%
7 Suspensibility not less than 90% w/w
8 pH of 1% aq. Solution 5.0- 8.0
9 Heat stability test Take 100ml sample & keep it in 54°C±2 for 14 days
check for all parameters listed above thereafter
10 Cold stability test Take 100ml sample & keep it in 5°C±2 for 7 days,
check for all parameters listed above thereafter
Example 2: Bio efficacy tests of the present combination
The present invention was tested for its bioefficacy in Kharif season on soybean
crop. The trial was conducted on Samrat variety of soybean crop plants in Hatod,
5 Indore in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. The plants were present in a plot
size of 30 sq. m., having a gap of 15 cm between the plants and 30 cm between
the rows with randomized block design at a temperature of 32 degree centigrade
with relative humidity of 60 %. The application was done 15-20 days after sowing
at an early post emergence stage when weeds reached the 2-4 leaved stage. The
10 experiment was laid out in RBD (Randomized block design) in a total of 9
treatments in 3 replications.
Measured quantity of the formulation was added to required volume of water @
375 lit/ha for spraying. The spray tank was filled with the half quantity of
required volume of clean water and then the measured amount of chemical was
15 added followed by the rest half quantity of water. The resultant solution was
stirred well and a thorough coverage of plant was ensured during the spray.
15
Table 4 below provides the treatment details of soybean crop (variety Samrat)
with the present formulation/combination. For the purposes of data
representation, the present formulation is coded as CCP-3147 SC in all the tables.
Table 4: Treatment details of present formulation in Soybean crop (Variety
5 Samrat)
Treatment
No.
Treatment details gm a.i./ha Dose/ha
T-1 Untreated -
T-2 Quizalofop ethyl 5% EC 50 1000 ml
T-3 Fomesafen 25% SL 312.5 1250 ml
T-4 Imazethapyr 10% SL 100 1000 ml
T-5 CCP-3147 SC 36+ 140+70 1000ml
T-6 CCP-3147 SC 45+ 175+87.5 1250ml
T-7 CCP-3147 SC 54+210+ 105 1500ml
T-8 Saked (S) 50+70 2000ml
T-9 Fusiflex (S) 111+111 1000ml

Note: CCP-3147 SC (Quizalofop ethyl 3.6% + Fomesafen 14% + Imazethapyr 07%)
SC
Saked- Propaquizafop 2.5% + Imazethapyr 3.75% ME
10 Fusiflex- Fluazifop butyl 11.1% + Fomesafen 11.1% SL
S- Market Standards
Evaluation of Bio efficacy
Weed count: Weed count were taken within a quadrate of 0.5 × 0.5 m from 3
randomly selected places in each plot. Number of surviving weeds of each
15 species was recorded separately at 10, 25 and 50 days after application.
16
Weed Control: Percent control of each individual weed species was calculated
based on no. of live weed flora at 10, 25 and 50 days and by applying the formula
given below:
WC – WT
5 Percent weed control = …………. × 100
WC
Where WC= No of weed in control plot
WT= No of weed in treated plot
Table 5: Effect of herbicidal treatment on weed density of narrow & broad
10 leaves weeds at 21DAA
Treatments Gm
(a.i/ha)
Percent control of Narrow & broad leaves weeds
(Mean 0.25 sqm) over untreated
Echinocloa
colonum
Commelina
benghalensis
Cynotis axillaris
Live
pop
%
control
Live
pop.
%
control
Live
pop
%
control
Untreated 50.5 - 23 - 9.5 -
Quizalofop ethyl 5%
EC
50 7.5 85.14 25 0.00 8 15.78
Fomesafen 25% SL 312.5 42.7 15.44 10 56.52 6 36.84
Imazethapyr 10% SL 100 16 68.31 9.5 58.69 5.5 42.10
CCP-3147 SC 36+
140+70
9.5 81.18 7.5 67.39 2.5 73.68
CCP-3147 SC 45+ 175 +
87.5
6.5 87.12 3.5 84.78 1.5 84.21
CCP-3147 SC 54 + 210 +
105
6.3 87.52 3.6 84.34 1.3 86
17
Treatments Gm
(a.i/ha)
Percent control of Narrow & broad leaves weeds
(Mean 0.25 sqm) over untreated
Echinocloa
colonum
Commelina
benghalensis
Cynotis axillaris
Saked 50 + 70 7.5 85.14 8.5 63.04 3.5 63.15
Fusiflex 111 + 111 10.5 79.20 14.5 39.95 3.7 61.05
Note: DAA- Days after application
Example 3: Evaluation of phytotoxicity
Visual observations were recorded at 3, 7, and 10 days after application (DAA).
The parameters observed are leaf injury on tip/surface, necrosis, vein clearing,
5 epinasty, hyponasty and wilting. The phytotoxicity to the crop has been
calculated on a score scale on 1-10.
Table 6: Phytotoxicity symptoms scoring and rating for leaf injury on
tip/surface
10
15
20
Leaf injury on tips/surface Rating
0% 0
1-10% 1
11-20% 2
21-30% 3
31-40% 4
41-50% 5
51-60% 6
61-70% 7
71-80% 8
81-90% 9
91-100% 10
18
Table 7: Phytotoxic effect of various treatments on soybean crop at 3 DAA
Note: DAA: Days after application
L-leaf injury on tips/surface, N- Necrosis, V- Vein clearing, E- Epinasty, HHyponasty, W- wilting.
5 Table 8: Phytotoxic effect of various treatments on soybean crop after 7 DAA
Treatment Treatment details gm (a.i.
/hectare)
3 DAA
L N V E H W
T-1 Untreated - - - - - - -
T-2 Quizalofop ethyl 5%EC 50 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-3 Fomesafen 25% SL 312.5 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-4 Imazethapyr 10% SL 100 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-5 CCP-3147 SC 36+140+70 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-6 CCP-3147 SC 45+175+87.5 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-7 CCP-3147 SC 54+210+105 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-8 Saked (Mkt std) 50+70 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-9 Fusiflex (Mkt std) 111+ 111 3 0 0 0 0 0
Treatment Treatment details gm (a.i.
/hectare)
7 DAA
L N V E H W
T-1 Untreated - - - - - - -
T-2 Quizalofop ethyl 5% EC 50 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-3 Fomesafen 25% SL 312.5 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-4 Imazethapyr 10% SL 100 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-5 CCP-3147 SC 36+140+70 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-6 CCP-3147 SC 45+175+87.5 0 0 0 0 0 0
19
Note: DAA: Days after application
L-leaf injury on tips/surface, N- Necrosis, V- Vein clearing, E- Epinasty, HHyponasty, W- wilting
Table 9: Phytotoxic effect of various treatments on soybean crop after 10 DAA
5 Note: DAA: days after application
L-leaf injury on tips/surface, N- Necrosis, V- Vein clearing, E- Epinasty, HHyponasty, W- wilting
Results:
T-7 CCP-3147 SC 54+210+105 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-8 Saked (Mkt std.) 50+70 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-9 Fusiflex (Mkt std.) 111+ 111 1 0 0 0 0 0
Treatment Treatment details gm (a.i.
/hectare)
10 DAA
L N V E H W
T-1 Untreated - - - - - - -
T-2 Quizalofop ethyl 5% EC 50 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-3 Fomesafen 25% SL 312.5 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-4 Imazethapyr 10% SL 100 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-5 CCP-3147 SC 36+140+70 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-6 CCP-3147 SC 45+175+87.5 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-7 CCP-3147 SC 54+210+105 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-8 Saked (Mkt std.) 50+70 0 0 0 0 0 0
T-9 Fusiflex (Mkt std.) 111+ 111 0 0 0 0 0 0
20
The prominent grassy weed species in the weedy plot at the time of application
were Echinocloa colonum while among the broad leaves weed the major weed
flora Commelina benghalensis and Cyanotis axillaris.
Application of Novel herbicide trimix mixture of CCP-3147 SC (Quizalofop ethyl
5 3.6% +Fomesafen 14% + Imazethapyr 7% SC) @ 45 +175 +87.5 gm a.i. per
hectare provided effective control of both the narrow leaved weed – Echinocloa
colonum and broad leaves weed- Commelina benghalensis and Cyanotis axillaris
at 2-4 leaved stage of weeds without any phytotoxicity on soybean.
Conclusion:
10 It was seen that the novel, broad spectrum herbicidal trimix of CCP-3147 SC
(Quizalofop 3.6% + Fomesafen14% + Imazethapyr 07%) provided excellent &
effective control of both the narrow leaved weeds- Echinocloa colonum and
broad leaved weed flora Commelina benghalensis and Cyanotis axillaris at a
dosage of 45+ 175 + 87.5 gm(a.i./ha) to 54+ 210+ 105 gm(a.i./ha) without any
15 phytotoxicity symptoms on soybean crop.

We Claim:
1) A synergistic herbicidal composition comprising:
(a) Quizalofop including its agriculturally acceptable salts and esters thereof;
(b) Fomesafen; and
5 (c) Imazethapyr;
2) The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the agriculturally
acceptable form or ester of Quizalofop is Quizalofop ethyl.
3) The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of
Quizalofop ranges from 1-40% w/w, the amount of Fomesafen ranges from
10 1-50% w/w, and the amount of Imazethapyr ranges from 1-30% w/w.
4) The herbicidal composition of claim 3, wherein the amount of Quizalofop is
3.6% w/w, amount of Fomesafen is 14% w/w, and amount of Imazethapyr is
7% w/w.
5) The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said herbicidal
15 composition is formulated in a form selected from the group consisting of
emulsifiable concentrate (EC) wettable powder (WP), soluble (Liquid)
concentrate (SL), Soluble powder (SP), Capsule suspension (CS) Water
dispersible granules (WDG), Micro-emulsions (ME), and Suspension
concentrate (SC) .
20 6) The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the said herbicidal
composition is suspension concentrate.
7) The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein said herbicidal
composition further comprises agriculturally acceptable excipients selected
from the group comprising at least an anti-freezing agent, at least a
25 surfactant, at least a dispersing agent, at least a wetting agent, at least a
22
defoamer, at least a thickener, at least an antibacterial agent, demineralized
water, and combinations thereof.
8) The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 7, wherein said at least an
anti-freezing agent is present in an amount ranging from 5-10% w/w, at least
5 a dispersing agent is present in an amount 3-5% w/w, at least a wetting agent
is present in an amount 2-4%, at least a defoamer or antifoaming agent is
present in an amount of 0.20-01%w/w, at least an antibacterial agent is
present in an amount of 0.10-050% w/w, at least a thickener agent is present
in an amount 0.05-0.20% w/w and water to make up to 100% w/w.
10 9) A process of preparing a composition as claimed in claim 7 comprising the
following steps:
i) Solubilization of at least one anti-freezing and at least one surfactant
in demineralized water through high speed mixture ;
ii) adding at least one anti-foaming agent and Quizalofop technical to
15 the mixture of step (i) to obtain a homogeneous mix.
iii) adding Fomesafen and Imazethapyr technical to the mixture of step
(ii)
iv) Adding rest of the adjuvants to the mixture of step (iii) to obtain a
homogeneous mass.
20 v) Grinding the homogenous mass obtained in step (iv) until a mean
particle size in the range of 1-10 micron is obtained.
vi) Preparing a 2% gum solution by taking 10 gm demineralized water
and adding 0.5 gm of formaldehyde solution and slowly adding 0.2 gm
of xanthan gum under slow stirring.
23
vii) Adding the 2% gum solution obtained in step (vi) to the homogenous
mix obtained after grinding under step (v) to obtain the suspension
concentrate.