Channel access via hierarchically organized channel access patterns

description

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a controller for a subscriber of a communication system, to a base station of a communication system, to an end point of the communication system and to the communication system, the communication system communicating wirelessly in a frequency band that is used by a plurality of communication systems for communication . Some exemplary embodiments relate to channel access using hierarchically organized channel access patterns.

In the case of wireless communication between participants in a communication system in a frequency band that is used by a plurality of communication systems for communication, it is necessary to avoid interference between the participants in the communication system and to avoid interference signals from other communication systems (= communication between participants in other communication systems).

General methods of interference avoidance

Interference from subscribers within one's own radio network (or communication system) is often avoided by a coordinated, conflict-free allocation of radio resources (for example by a base station). This takes place, for example, in the mobile radio standards GSM, UMTS and LTE, where (outside of the initial network registration phase) collisions between radio users within the same network can be completely avoided by means of so-called "scheduling".

Interference from radio users outside of one's own network is often reduced through suitable radio network planning. Here, each network is assigned a specific usable frequency range (possibly consisting of several frequency channels) from the entire available frequency band. Locally adjacent networks use different frequency ranges, which means that direct interference between participants in locally adjacent networks does not occur. Ultimately, this method also represents a form of coordination between networks.

If such a fixed allocation of frequency ranges or radio channels to individual networks is not possible or not practicable (e.g. often in unlicensed frequency bands), a network can determine an unused or, for example, the least used one from a set of predetermined frequency ranges by means of a load measurement and then occupy it or switch to it.

Avoiding interference when using the TSMA method

Another case is the transmission of messages (data packets) using the so-called Telegram Splitting Multiple Access (TSMA) method [1]. Here, the frequency range that can be used by a network is divided into a specified number of Frequency channels divided, wherein a data packet is transmitted divided into a plurality of partial data packets, which are typically sent at different times and on different frequency channels. The hopping pattern (or time / frequency hopping pattern) used for the transmission of the partial data packets plays a special role, as shown in [2] for example. A particularly high utilization of networks can be achieved if there are as many different jump patterns as possible, which contain only as few and short overlapping sequences as possible. In order to reduce interference between several networks, the networks can use different hopping patterns relative to one another. These network-specific jump patterns must be known to all participants in the respective networks. In addition, it is desirable that the jump patterns - as described above - have only the shortest possible overlapping sequences with one another in order to avoid systematic collisions between partial data packets from participants in different networks. These network-specific jump patterns must be known to all participants in the respective networks. In addition, it is desirable that the jump patterns - as described above - have only the shortest possible overlapping sequences with one another in order to avoid systematic collisions between partial data packets from participants in different networks. These network-specific jump patterns must be known to all participants in the respective networks. In addition, it is desirable that the jump patterns - as described above - have only the shortest possible overlapping sequences with one another in order to avoid systematic collisions between partial data packets from participants in different networks.

In networks that are coordinated with one another, it is possible to assign an individual hop pattern to each network, which has as little overlap as possible with the hop patterns of other networks within reception range. The totality of all available jump patterns can be tabulated as a set (of jump patterns) from which the network-spanning, coordinating entity assigns one or more individual jump patterns to each network. A set of suitable jump patterns can be calculated in advance according to suitable optimization criteria.

If networks are not coordinated with one another and, if necessary, also not synchronized in terms of time and frequency, the above method (tabulated, precalculated jump pattern) can in principle also be used, but there is a risk that two networks happen to use the same jump pattern. In order to reduce the probability that two (mutually influencing) networks use the same hopping pattern to a reasonable level, an extraordinarily large number of available hopping patterns would have to exist, especially in a scenario with many networks.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of creating a concept which increases the transmission security between subscribers of a communication system when the subscribers of the communication system access a frequency band that is used by several mutually uncoordinated communication systems for wireless communication.

This problem is solved by the independent patent claims.

Advantageous further developments can be found in the dependent claims.

Embodiments create an end point of a communication system, wherein the communication system operates in a frequency band [eg a license-free and / or license-free frequency band; eg ISM Band] communicates wirelessly, which is used by a plurality of communication systems for communication, wherein the end point is designed to receive a signal [eg a beacon signal], the signal having information about a network-specific channel access pattern, the network-specific channel access pattern indicates a frequency and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources in the frequency band that can be used for communication in the communication system [e.g. a time sequence of frequency resources that can be used for communication in the communication system (e.g. distributed over the frequency band)],

In exemplary embodiments, the allocation of resources of the relative channel access pattern to be used for the transmission can be a subset of the usable frequency and / or time-hopping-based allocation of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern [eg the relative channel access pattern only having a subset of the resources of the network-specific channel access pattern].

In embodiments, the relative channel access pattern can be different from another relative channel access pattern based on which another subscriber [eg endpoint and / or base station; eg base station to another subscriber] of the communication system transmits data [eg sends and / or receives], the other relative channel access pattern being an allocation of resources from the usable frequency and / or time hop based allocation to be used for the transmission by the other subscriber of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern.

In exemplary embodiments, the network-specific channel access pattern can indicate the frequency and / or time-hopping-based allocation of resources of the frequency band in frequency channels [e.g. into which the frequency band is divided] and assigned time slots or in frequency channel indices and assigned time slot indices, which can be used for communication in the communication system.

In embodiments, the network-specific channel access pattern in the frequency direction [for example per time slot or time slot index] can have a plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources [for example frequency channels or

Frequency channel indices] of the frequency band.

In exemplary embodiments, the relative channel access pattern in the frequency direction can indicate at most a subset [eg at most one resource, ie one or no resource] of the plurality of neighboring or spaced-apart resources of the network-specific channel access pattern.

In exemplary embodiments, the relative channel access pattern for at least one time hop [e.g. for at least one time slot or time slot index] in the frequency direction can indicate a different resource of the plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources of the network-specific channel access pattern than another relative channel access pattern based on which another subscriber [e.g. Endpoint and / or base station; eg base station to another subscriber] of the communication system transmits data [eg sends and / or receives], the other relative channel access pattern being one for transmission by the other subscriber

indicates the utilization of resources from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based utilization of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern.

In embodiments, at least two resources [eg frequency channels or

Frequency channel indices] the plurality of adjacent or spaced apart resources in the frequency direction can be assigned different symbol rates and / or different numbers of symbols.

In exemplary embodiments, the plurality of neighboring resources in the frequency direction can form a block [eg cluster] of contiguous resources, different symbol rates and / or different numbers of symbols being assigned to different parts of the block of contiguous resources.

In exemplary embodiments, the end point can be designed to select the relative channel access pattern from a set of M relative channel access patterns, the M relative channel access patterns indicating an allocation of resources to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency and / or time-hopping-based allocation of Specify resources of the network-specific channel access pattern, the M relative channel access patterns being different [eg differ in at least the occupancy of a resource].

In embodiments, the end point can be designed to the relative

Randomly select channel access patterns from the set of M relative channel access patterns.

In embodiments, the end point can be designed to the relative

Select channel access patterns on the basis of an inherent parameter from the set of M relative channel access patterns.

In embodiments, the intrinsic parameter can be a digital signature of the telegram [z. B. CMAC (One-key MAC)] or a code word for the detection of transmission errors [e.g. B. a CRC].

In embodiments, the end point can be designed to the relative

Channel access patterns can be selected from a set of relative channel access patterns with different transmission properties [eg different latency, or different robustness against interference] depending on the requirements of the data to be transmitted in terms of transmission properties [e.g. latency, or robustness against interference].

In exemplary embodiments, the endpoint can be designed to transmit as data a data packet which is divided into a plurality of sub-data packets according to the relative channel access pattern [e.g. to send or receive], the plurality of sub-data packets only one each Have part of the data packet.

In exemplary embodiments, the information can describe a state of a number sequence generator [eg a periodic number sequence generator or a deterministic random number generator] for generating a number sequence, the number sequence determining the channel access pattern.

In exemplary embodiments, the information can describe a number [eg a time slot index and / or a beacon index] of a number sequence [eg a periodic time slot index sequence and / or periodic beacon index sequence], the number sequence determining the channel access pattern.

Further exemplary embodiments create a base station of a communication system, wherein the communication system operates in a frequency band [for example a license-free and / or license-free frequency band; e.g. ISM Band] communicates wirelessly, which is used by a plurality of communication systems for communication, wherein the base station is designed to send a signal [e.g. a beacon signal], the signal having information about a network-specific channel access pattern, the Network-specific channel access pattern specifies a frequency and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources of the frequency band that can be used for the communication of the communication system [eg a time sequence of (eg

In exemplary embodiments, the allocation of resources of the relative channel access pattern to be used for the transmission can be a subset of the usable frequency and / or time-hopping-based allocation of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern [eg the relative channel access pattern only having a subset of the resources of the network-specific channel access pattern].

In embodiments, the base station does not know in advance which relative hopping pattern is used by an end point.

In embodiments, the base station can be designed to detect the relative hopping pattern used by means of a detection B. by correlation and threshold value separation].

In embodiments, the relative channel access pattern can differ from another relative channel access pattern based on which the base station transmits other data [e.g. transmits and / or receives, e.g. transmits to another participant and receives from another participant], the other relative channel access pattern indicates an allocation of resources to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency-based and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern.

In exemplary embodiments, the network-specific channel access pattern can indicate the frequency and / or time-hopping-based allocation of resources of the frequency band in frequency channels [e.g. into which the frequency band is divided] and assigned time slots or in frequency channel indices and assigned time slot indices, which can be used for communication in the communication system.

In exemplary embodiments, the network-specific channel access pattern can indicate a plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources [eg frequency channels or frequency channel indices] of the frequency band in the frequency direction [eg per time slot or time slot index].

In exemplary embodiments, the relative channel access pattern in the frequency direction can indicate at most a subset [eg at most one resource, ie one or no resource] of the plurality of neighboring or spaced-apart resources of the network-specific channel access pattern.

In embodiments, the relative channel access pattern for at least one time hop [for example for at least one time slot or time slot index] in the frequency direction can be another resource of the plurality of adjacent or spaced apart resources

Specify resources of the network-specific channel access pattern as another relative channel access pattern based on which the base station transmits other data [e.g. sends and / or receives, e.g. sends to another participant and receives from another participant], the other relative channel access pattern being one for the transmission indicates the allocation of resources to be used from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern.

In embodiments, at least two resources [for example frequency channels or frequency channel indices] of the plurality of adjacent or spaced apart resources can be assigned different symbol rates and / or a different number of symbols in the frequency direction.

In embodiments, the plurality of neighboring resources in the frequency direction can form a block [eg cluster] of contiguous resources, different symbol rates and / or different numbers of symbols being assigned to different parts of the block of contiguous resources.

In embodiments, the base station can be designed to the relative

Select channel access patterns from a set of M relative channel access patterns, the M relative channel access patterns indicating an allocation of resources to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern, the M relative channel access patterns are different [eg differ in at least the allocation of a resource].

In embodiments, the base station can be designed to the relative

Randomly select channel access patterns from the set of M relative channel access patterns.

In embodiments, the base station can be designed to select the relative channel access pattern on the basis of an inherent parameter from the set of M relative channel access patterns.

In embodiments, the intrinsic parameter can be a digital signature of the telegram [z. B. CMAC (One-key MAC)] or a code word for the detection of transmission errors [e.g. B. a CRC].

In embodiments, the base station can be designed to determine the relative channel access pattern depending on the requirements of the transmitted data for transmission properties [e.g. latency, or robustness against interference] from a set of relative channel access patterns with different transmission properties [e.g. different latency, or different robustness against interference ].

In exemplary embodiments, the base station can be designed to generate the relative channel access pattern as a function of the requirements of the transmitted data in terms of transmission properties [for example latency, or robustness against interference].

In embodiments, the base station can be designed to transmit as data a data packet which is divided into a plurality of sub-data packets according to the relative channel access pattern [e.g. to send or receive], the plurality of sub-data packets each only a part of the data packet.

In exemplary embodiments, the information can describe a state of a number sequence generator [eg a periodic number sequence generator or a deterministic random number generator] for generating a number sequence, the number sequence determining the channel access pattern.

In exemplary embodiments, the information can describe a number [eg a time slot index and / or a beacon index] of a number sequence [eg a periodic time slot index sequence and / or periodic beacon index sequence], the number sequence determining the channel access pattern.

Further exemplary embodiments create a communication system with at least one of the end points described above and one of the base stations described above.

Further exemplary embodiments provide a method for operating an endpoint of a

Communication system, the communication system in a frequency band [eg a license-free and / or license-free frequency band; eg ISM Band] communicates wirelessly, which is used by a number of communication systems for communication. The method comprises a step of receiving a signal [e.g. a beacon signal], the signal having information about a network-specific channel access pattern, the network-specific channel access pattern being a frequency-based and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources in the frequency band that can be used for communication in the communication system specifies [eg a time sequence of frequency resources that can be used for communication in the communication system (eg distributed over the frequency band)].

Further exemplary embodiments create a method for operating a base station of a communication system, the communication system being operated in a frequency band [eg a license-free and / or license-free frequency band; eg ISM Band] communicates wirelessly, which is used by a number of communication systems for communication. The method comprises a step of sending a signal [e.g. a beacon signal], the signal having information about a network-specific channel access pattern, the network-specific channel access pattern being a frequency and / or time hop-based allocation of resources in the frequency band that can be used for communication in the communication system indicates [e.g. a time sequence of usable for the communication of the communication system (e.g. frequency resources distributed over the frequency band]. The method further comprises a step of transmitting data using a relative channel access pattern, the relative channel access pattern specifying an allocation of resources to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern [e.g. gives the relative Channel access pattern indicates which of the resources released or usable by the network-specific channel access pattern for the communication of the communication system are actually to be used for the transmission of data by the base station].

Further exemplary embodiments create a controller for a subscriber in a communication system, the communication system communicating wirelessly in a frequency band that is used by a plurality of communication systems for communication, the controller being designed to determine a network-specific channel access pattern, the network-specific channel access pattern being one for the communication of the communication system indicates usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources of the frequency band, the controller being designed to determine a relative channel access pattern,wherein the relative channel access pattern indicates an allocation of resources to be used for a transmission of data of the subscriber from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern.

In exemplary embodiments, the allocation of resources of the relative channel access pattern to be used for the transmission can be a subset of the usable frequency-based and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources of the network-specific

Be a channel access pattern [eg the relative channel access pattern having only a subset of the resources of the network-specific channel access pattern].

In exemplary embodiments, the relative channel access pattern can differ from another relative channel access pattern based on which the subscriber transmits other data [e.g. sends and / or receives] or based on which another subscriber [e.g. endpoint and / or base station] of the communication system transmits data [e.g. sends and / or receives], with the other relative channel access pattern an allocation of resources to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources of the network-specific

The channel access pattern.

In exemplary embodiments, the network-specific channel access pattern can indicate the frequency and / or time-hopping-based allocation of resources of the frequency band in frequency channels [e.g. into which the frequency band is divided] and assigned time slots or in frequency channel indices and assigned time slot indices, which can be used for communication in the communication system.

In embodiments, the network-specific channel access pattern can indicate a plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources [eg frequency channels or frequency channel indices] of the frequency band in the frequency direction [eg per time slot or time slot index].

In exemplary embodiments, the relative channel access pattern in the frequency direction can indicate at most a subset [eg at most one resource, ie one or no resource] of the plurality of neighboring or spaced-apart resources of the network-specific channel access pattern.

In embodiments, the relative channel access pattern in the frequency direction can indicate a different resource of the plurality of neighboring or spaced-apart resources of the network-specific channel access pattern than a different relative channel access pattern based on which the subscriber transmits other data [e.g. sends and / or receives] or based on the one other subscriber [e.g. end point and / or base station] of the communication system transmits data [e.g. sends and / or receives], the other relative channel access pattern being an allocation of resources to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency and / or time hop-based allocation of resources of the see network specific indicating channel access pattern.

In embodiments, at least two resources [eg frequency channels or frequency channel indices] of the plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources can be assigned different symbol rates and / or different numbers of symbols in the frequency direction.

In embodiments, the plurality of neighboring resources in the frequency direction can form a block [eg cluster] of contiguous resources, different symbol rates and / or different numbers of symbols being assigned to different parts of the block of contiguous resources.

In exemplary embodiments, the controller can be designed to determine the relative channel access pattern depending on the requirements of the transmitted data for transmission properties [e.g. latency, or robustness against interference] from a set of relative channel access patterns with different transmission properties [e.g. different latency, or different robustness against interference ].

In exemplary embodiments, the controller can be designed to generate the relative channel access pattern as a function of the requirements of the transmitted data in terms of transmission properties [eg latency, or robustness against interference].

In exemplary embodiments, the controller can be designed to determine the channel access pattern pseudo-randomly as a function of a state of a number sequence generator for generating a number sequence or a number of a number sequence.

In embodiments, the controller can be designed to determine the channel access pattern as a function of the state of the number sequence generator or a number of the number sequence derived from the state of the number sequence generator.

In exemplary embodiments, the following states of the number sequence generator can be determined based on the state of the number sequence generator on the state of the number sequence generator, whereby the controller can be designed to assign the channel access pattern to the number sequence depending on the following states of the number sequence generator or the following numbers derived therefrom determine.

In exemplary embodiments, the controller can be designed to determine the channel access pattern as a function of individual information from the communication system [eg intrinsic information in the communication system such as a network-specific identifier].

In embodiments, the controller can be designed to

the state of the number sequence generator, or a number of the number sequence derived from the state of the number sequence generator, or the number of the number sequence, and

the individual information of the communication system

using a mapping function to map time information and frequency information, the time information and the frequency information describing a resource of the channel access pattern.

In exemplary embodiments, the controller can be designed, depending on the state of the number sequence generator or a number of the number sequence or the number of the number sequence, and

an individual information of the communication system

to determine a pseudo-random number R, the pseudo-random number R determining the channel access pattern.

In exemplary embodiments, the controller can be designed to determine a resource [eg frequency channel and / or time slot, or frequency channel index and / or time slot index] of the channel access pattern based on the pseudo-random number R.

Further exemplary embodiments create a method for operating a subscriber in a communication system, the communication system communicating wirelessly in a frequency band which is used by a plurality of communication systems for communication. The method comprises a step of determining a network-specific channel access pattern, the network-specific channel access pattern specifying a frequency-based and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources in the frequency band that can be used for the communication of the communication system. The method further comprises a step of determining a relative channel access pattern,

Embodiments increase the performance of a digital radio transmission system by reducing the mutual interference between different participants within a radio network (intra-network interference) and between radio networks that are not coordinated with one another (inter-network interference). According to exemplary embodiments, this effect is achieved through the use of relative channel access patterns within a network, which are hierarchically arranged below the network-specific channel access patterns and, in combination with these, mean that there are as few radio resources as possible in the case of packet data transmission according to the TSMA method that are simultaneously from can be used by several participants (inside or outside the own network) This leads to a reduction in the collisions of partial data packets. The benefit of the invention increases with an increasing number of available relative channel access patterns, since the probability that at least two participants use the same channel access pattern at the same time (full collision of the partial data packets) decreases accordingly.

The increased performance has the effect either (with a given load) in the form of a reduced packet error rate or (with a given packet error rate) in the form of a higher utilization of the networks.

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:

1 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication arrangement with a first communication system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

2 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication arrangement of two mutually uncoordinated networks, each with a base station and four associated terminals, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

3 shows, in a diagram, a division of the frequency band into resources and a frequency- and time-hop-based allocation of the resources of the frequency band defined by two different channel access patterns, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system with a

Base station and a plurality of endpoints, according to an embodiment of the present invention,

5 shows a schematic block diagram of a controller for generating a

Channel access pattern, according to an embodiment of the present invention,

6 shows a schematic block diagram of a controller for generating a

Channel access pattern, according to a further embodiment of the present invention,

7 shows a schematic block diagram of a section of the controller according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention,

8 shows a diagram of a diagram based on a Monte Carlo simulation

Histogram over the variable Dίί,

9 shows in a diagram a frequency and time hop-based allocation of the resources of the frequency band defined by a channel access pattern and a projection of the channel access pattern onto a time axis, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a diagram of resource elements of a projected onto a time axis

Channel access pattern that results in unused time slots according to an embodiment of the present invention,

Fig. 11 in a diagram projected on a time axis resource elements of a

Channel access pattern with an activity rate A = 1/4, according to an embodiment of the present invention,

12 shows resource elements of a projected onto a time axis in a diagram

Channel access pattern with an activity rate A = 1/4 and a predetermined minimum distance between successive time slots of the channel access pattern, according to an embodiment of the present invention,

13 shows a temporal division of a channel access pattern 110 into areas of different activity rates A1, A2 and A3, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

14 shows, in a diagram, a frequency and time hop-based allocation of the resources of the frequency band defined by a channel access pattern, the channel access pattern additionally having resources that can be activated if required, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

15 shows, in a diagram, a frequency and time hop-based allocation of the resources of the frequency band defined by a channel access pattern, a frequency range of the frequency band that is regularly more disturbed not being occupied by the channel access pattern, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

16 shows, in a diagram, a frequency and time hop-based allocation of the resources of the frequency band defined by a channel access pattern, resources being bundled in the frequency range, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

17 shows a schematic block diagram of a communication system with a

Base station and two end points, according to an embodiment of the present invention,

18 shows in a diagram a frequency and time hopping-based usable allocation of resources of the frequency band indicated by a network-specific channel access pattern, an allocation of resources to be used for the transmission indicated by a relative channel access pattern from the usable allocation of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern, and projections of the Channel access patterns on time axes before and after the removal of unused resources (e.g. time slots), according to an embodiment,

19 shows, in a diagram, a frequency- and time-hop-based usable allocation of resources of the frequency band bundled in the frequency range, indicated by a network-specific channel access pattern, an allocation of resources to be used for transmission from the usable allocation of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern indicated by a relative channel access pattern, as well as projections of the channel access patterns on time axes before and after removal of unused resources (e.g. time slots), according to an embodiment,

20 shows in a diagram a frequency- and time-hop-based usable allocation of resources of the frequency band bundled in the frequency range, indicated by a network-specific channel access pattern, an allocation of resources to be used for transmission from the usable allocation of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern indicated by a relative channel access pattern, an allocation of resources to be used for the transmission from the usable allocation of resources of the network-specific channel access pattern, as well as projections of the

Channel access patterns on time axes before and after removal of unused resources (e.g. time slots), according to an embodiment,

21 shows a diagram of a projection of a network-specific

Channel access pattern and a relative channel access pattern on the time axis after the removal of unused resources (e.g. frequency channels and time slots), wherein the relative channel access pattern in the frequency direction occupies several of the resources available in the frequency direction for at least some of the time jumps, according to an embodiment,

22 shows in a diagram a frequency and time hopping-based usable allocation of resources of the frequency band bundled into blocks (or clusters) in the frequency range, indicated by a network-specific channel access pattern, different symbol rates and / or different numbers of symbols being assigned to different parts of the block of related resources are, according to one embodiment,

23 shows a diagram of a projection of a network-specific

Channel access pattern and a relative channel access must have D resources on the time axis after the removal of unused resources (frequency channels and time slots), according to an embodiment,

24 shows in a table a resource calculation for various exemplary

Use cases,

25 shows, in a diagram, simulation results of the packet error rate for different channel access pattern lengths M as a function of the number of simultaneously active terminals with 360 available resource elements,

26 shows, in a diagram, simulation results of the packet error rate for different channel access pattern lengths M depending on the number of simultaneously active terminals with 60 available resource elements,

27 shows a diagram of resources of a projected onto a time axis

Channel access pattern, resources of the channel access pattern being grouped into clusters of the same length L (eg L = 4), the relative

Channel access pattern indicates an occupancy of one resource per cluster, according to one embodiment,

28 shows a flow diagram of a method for operating an endpoint of a

Communication system, the communication system in a

Frequency band communicates wirelessly, which of a plurality of

Communication systems is used for communication, according to an embodiment,

29 shows a flow diagram of a method for operating a base station of a

Communication system, the communication system in a

Frequency band communicates wirelessly, which of a plurality of

Communication systems is used for communication, according to an embodiment, and

30 shows a flow chart of a method for operating a subscriber of a

Communication system, the communication system in a

Frequency band communicates wirelessly, which of a plurality of

Communication systems is used for communication, according to one embodiment.

In the following description of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, elements that are the same or have the same effect are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures, so that their descriptions are interchangeable with one another.

First, it is explained how communication systems that communicate in the same frequency band, which may be used by a plurality of communication systems

Communication is used, can be separated from one another by different channel access patterns before it is subsequently explained how one or more participants of a communication system can access a selection of the resources released by the network-specific channel access pattern for the communication system using a relative channel access pattern.

Claims

1. End point (106_1) of a communication system (102),

wherein the communication system (102) communicates wirelessly in a frequency band which is used by a plurality of communication systems for communication,

wherein the end point (106_1) is designed to receive a signal (120), wherein the signal (120) has information about a network-specific channel access pattern (1 10), the network-specific channel access pattern (110) being one for the communication of the communication system ( 102) indicates usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (1 12) in the frequency band,

wherein the end point (106_1) is designed to transmit data (160) using a relative channel access pattern (116), the relative channel access pattern (116) an allocation of resources (118) to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency and / or time jump-based allocation of resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110),

wherein the information describes a state (142) of a number sequence generator (134) for generating a number sequence or wherein the information is a number

(143 _ 1, 143 _ 2) describes a sequence of numbers, the sequence of numbers being the

Channel access pattern (110) determined.

2. End point (106_1) according to the preceding claim,

wherein the allocation of resources (1 18) of the relative channel access pattern (1 16) to be used for the transmission is a subset of the usable frequency and / or time jump-based allocation of resources (1 12) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110).

3. End point (106_1) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the relative channel access pattern (1 16) differs from another relative channel access pattern (117) based on which another participant of the communication system (102) transmits data

wherein the other relative channel access pattern (117) indicates an allocation of resources (119) to be used for the transmission by the other subscriber from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110).

4. End point (106_1) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the network-specific channel access pattern (1 10) indicates the frequency and / or time-hopping-based allocation of resources (1 12) of the frequency band in frequency channels and assigned time slots or in frequency channel indices and assigned time slot indices which can be used for the communication of the communication system (102).

5. End point (106_1) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the network-specific channel access pattern (110) indicates a plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources (112) of the frequency band in the frequency direction.

6. end point (106_1) according to claim 5,

wherein the relative channel access pattern (116) in the frequency direction indicates at most a subset of the plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110).

7. end point (106_1) according to one of claims 5 to 6,

wherein the relative channel access pattern (116) for at least one time hop in frequency direction indicates a different resource (118) of the plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110) than another relative channel access pattern (117) based on the one other participant of the communication system (102) transmits data,

wherein the other relative channel access pattern (117) indicates an allocation of resources (119) to be used for the transmission by the other subscriber from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110).

8. end point (106_1) according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 7,

wherein at least two resources of the plurality of adjacent or spaced apart resources (112) are assigned different symbol rates and / or different numbers of symbols in the frequency direction.

9. end point (106_1) according to one of the preceding claims 5 to 8,

wherein the plurality of neighboring resources (112) in the frequency direction form a block (113) of contiguous resources (112),

wherein different parts (111_1 -111_4) of the block (113) of related resources (112) are assigned different symbol rates and / or different numbers of symbols.

10. End point (106_1) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the endpoint (106_1) is configured to select the relative channel access pattern (116) from a set of M relative channel access patterns,

wherein the M relative channel access patterns indicate an allocation of resources to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (1 10),

where the M relative channel access patterns are different.

1 1. end point (106_1) according to claim 10,

wherein the endpoint (106_1) is configured to randomly select the relative channel access pattern (116) from the set of M relative channel access patterns.

12. End point (106_1) according to claim 10,

wherein the end point (108_1) is designed to determine the relative channel access pattern (116) on the basis of an intrinsic parameter from the set of M relative

Select channel access patterns.

13. End point (106_1) according to claim 12,

the intrinsic parameter being a digital signature of the telegram or a code word for the detection of transmission errors.

14. End point (106_1) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the end point (106_1) is designed to select the relative channel access pattern (116) depending on requirements of the transmitted data (160) for transmission properties from a set of relative channel access patterns with different transmission properties.

15. End point (106_1) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the end point (106_1) is designed to transmit as data (160) a data packet which is divided into a plurality of sub-data packets according to the relative channel access pattern, the plurality of sub-data packets each having only a part of the data packet .

16. base station (104) of a communication system (102),

wherein the communication system (102) communicates wirelessly in a frequency band which is used by a plurality of communication systems for communication,

wherein the base station (104) is designed to send a signal (120), the signal (120) having information about a network-specific channel access pattern (110), the network-specific channel access pattern (1 10) being one for the communication of the communication system ( 102) indicates usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources in the frequency band,

wherein the base station (104) is designed to transmit data (160) using a relative channel access pattern (116), the relative channel access pattern (116) an allocation of resources (118) to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency and / or time-jump-based allocation of resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern,

wherein the information describes a state (142) of a number sequence generator (134) for generating a number sequence or wherein the information is a number

(143 _ 1, 143 _ 2) describes a sequence of numbers, the sequence of numbers being the

Channel access pattern (110) determined.

17. Base station (104) according to the preceding claim,

wherein the allocation of resources (118) of the relative channel access pattern (1 16) to be used for the transmission is a subset of the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (1 12) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110).

18. Base station (104) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the base station (104) does not know in advance which relative hopping pattern is used by an end point (106_1).

19. Base station (104) according to the preceding claim,

wherein the base station (104) is designed to determine the relative jump pattern used by means of detection.

20. Base station (104) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the relative channel access pattern (1 16) differs from another relative channel access pattern (117) based on which the base station (104) transmits other data,

wherein the other relative channel access pattern (1 17) indicates an allocation of resources (1 19) to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (1 10).

21. Base station (104) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the network-specific channel access pattern (110) indicates the frequency and / or time hopping-based allocation of resources (1 12) of the frequency band in frequency channels and assigned time slots or in frequency channel indices and assigned time slot indices which can be used for the communication of the communication system (102).

22. Base station (104) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the network-specific channel access pattern (110) indicates a plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources (1 12) of the frequency band in the frequency direction.

23. Base station (104) according to claim 22,

wherein the relative channel access pattern (116) in the frequency direction indicates at most a subset of the plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110).

24. Base station (104) according to one of claims 22 to 23,

wherein the relative channel access pattern (116) for at least one time hop in the frequency direction indicates a different resource (1 18) of the plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110) than another relative channel access pattern (117) based on the the base station (104) transmits other data,

wherein the other relative channel access pattern (117) indicates an allocation of resources (119) to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110).

25. Base station (104) according to one of the preceding claims 22 to 24,

wherein at least two resources of the plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources (112) are assigned different symbol rates and / or a different number of symbols in the frequency direction.

26. Base station (104) according to one of the preceding claims 22 to 25,

wherein the plurality of neighboring resources (112) in the frequency direction form a block (113) of contiguous resources (112),

wherein different parts (11_1 -111_4) of the block (113) of related resources (112) are assigned different symbol rates and / or different numbers of symbols.

27. Base station (104) according to one of claims 16 to 26,

wherein the base station (104) is configured to select the relative channel access pattern (116) from a set of M relative channel access patterns,

wherein the M relative channel access patterns indicate an allocation of resources to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110),

where the M relative channel access patterns are different.

28. Base station (104) according to claim 27,

wherein the base station (104) is configured to select the relative channel access pattern (116) at random from the set of M relative channel access patterns.

29. Base station (104) according to claim 27,

wherein the base station (104) is adapted to calculate the relative channel access pattern (116) based on an intrinsic parameter from the set of M relative

Select channel access patterns.

30. Base station (104) according to claim 29,

whereby the intrinsic parameter is a digital signature of the telegram or a code word for the detection of transmission errors.

31. Base station (104) according to one of claims 16 to 30,

wherein the base station (104) is designed to display the relative channel access pattern (116) as a function of requirements for the data (160) to be transmitted

Select transmission properties from a set of relative channel access patterns with different transmission properties.

32. base station (104) according to one of claims 16 to 30,

wherein the base station (104) is designed to display the relative channel access pattern (116) as a function of requirements for the data (160) to be transmitted

To generate transmission properties.

33. base station (104) according to one of the preceding claims,

the base station (104) being designed to transmit as data (160) a data packet which is divided into a plurality of sub-data packets in accordance with the relative channel access pattern (1 16), the plurality of sub-data packets each only a part of the data packet.

34. communication system (102), with the following features:

at least one end point (106_1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, and

a base station (104) according to any one of claims 16 to 33.

35. The method (200) for operating an end point (106_1) of a communication system (102), wherein the communication system (102) in a

Frequency band communicates wirelessly, which is used by a plurality of communication systems for communication, the method comprising:

Receiving (202) a signal (120), the signal (120) having information about a network-specific channel access pattern (1 10), the network-specific channel access pattern (110) having a frequency and / or frequency that can be used for the communication of the communication system (102) time jump based allocation of resources of the frequency band, and

Transmission (204) of data (160) using a relative channel access pattern (116), the relative channel access pattern (116) being an allocation of resources (1 18) to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (112) indicates the network-specific channel access pattern,

wherein the information describes a state (142) of a number sequence generator (134) for generating a number sequence or wherein the information describes a number (143_1, 143_2) of a number sequence, the number sequence determining the channel access pattern (110).

36. A method (210) for operating a base station (104) of a communication system (102), the communication system (102) communicating wirelessly in a frequency band which is used by a plurality of communication systems for communication, the method comprising:

Sending (212) a signal (120), the signal (120) having information about a network-specific channel access pattern (110), the network-specific channel access pattern (110) being a frequency- and / or time-hop-based that can be used for the communication of the communication system (102) Allocation of resources (1 12) of the frequency band indicates, and

Transmitting (214) data (160) using a relative channel access pattern (116), the relative channel access pattern (116) being an allocation of resources (118) to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (112) indicates the network-specific channel access pattern (110),

wherein the information describes a state (142) of a number sequence generator (134) for generating a number sequence or wherein the information describes a number (143_1, 143_2) of a number sequence, the number sequence determining the channel access pattern (110)

37. Computer program for carrying out the method according to one of claims 35 to 36, when the computer program runs on a computer or microprocessor.

38. Controller (130) for a subscriber (104, 106_1) of a communication system

(102),

wherein the communication system (102) communicates wirelessly in a frequency band which is used by a plurality of communication systems for communication,

wherein the controller (130) is designed to determine a network-specific channel access pattern (110), the network-specific channel access pattern (110) indicating a frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (112) of the frequency band that can be used for the communication of the communication system,

wherein the controller (130) is designed to determine a relative channel access pattern (116), the relative channel access pattern (116) an allocation of resources (118) to be used for a transmission of data (160) of the subscriber from the usable frequency and / or time jump-based allocation of resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (1 10),

wherein the controller (130) is designed to determine the channel access pattern (110) pseudo-randomly as a function of a state (142) of a number sequence generator (134) for generating a number sequence or a number (143_1, 143_2) of a number sequence.

39. Controller (130) according to the preceding claim,

wherein the allocation of resources (118) of the relative channel access pattern (1 16) to be used for the transmission is a subset of the usable frequency- and / or time-hop-based allocation of resources (1 12) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110),

40. Controller (130) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the relative channel access pattern (1 16) differs from another relative channel access pattern (117) based on which the subscriber transmits other data or based on which another subscriber in the communication system transmits data,

wherein the other relative channel access pattern (117) indicates an allocation of resources (1 19) to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency and / or time-hopping based allocation of resources (1 12) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110).

41. Controller (130) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the network-specific channel access pattern (110) indicates the frequency and / or time-hopping-based allocation of resources (112) of the frequency band in frequency channels and assigned time slots or in frequency channel indices and assigned time slot indices which can be used for the communication of the communication system (102).

42. Controller (130) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the network-specific channel access pattern (110) indicates a plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources (1 12) of the frequency band in the frequency direction.

43. controller (130) according to claim 42,

wherein the relative channel access pattern (116) in the frequency direction indicates at most a subset of the plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110).

44. Controller (130) according to one of claims 44 to 45,

wherein the relative channel access pattern (116) in the frequency direction indicates a different resource (118) of the plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources (112) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110) than a different relative channel access pattern (117) based on which the subscriber other data transmits or based on which another participant in the communication system transmits data,

wherein the other relative channel access pattern (117) indicates an allocation of resources (119) to be used for the transmission from the usable frequency- and / or time-hopping-based allocation of resources (1 12) of the network-specific channel access pattern (110).

45. Controller (130) according to one of the preceding claims 42 to 44,

wherein at least two resources of the plurality of adjacent or spaced-apart resources (112) are assigned different symbol rates and / or different numbers of symbols in the frequency direction.

46. ​​Controller (130) according to one of the preceding claims 42 to 45,

wherein the plurality of neighboring resources (112) in the frequency direction form a block (113) of contiguous resources (112),

wherein different parts (111_1 -111_4) of the block (113) of related resources (112) are assigned different symbol rates and / or different numbers of symbols.

47. Controller (130) according to one of claims 38 to 46,

wherein the controller (130) is designed to select the relative channel access pattern (1 16) as a function of requirements of the transmitted data (160) for transmission properties from a set of relative channel access patterns with different transmission properties.

48. Controller (130) according to one of claims 38 to 46,

wherein the controller (130) is designed to generate the relative channel access pattern (1 16) as a function of requirements of the transmitted data (160) for transmission properties.

49. Controller (130) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the controller (130) is designed to determine the channel access pattern (1 10) pseudo-randomly as a function of a state (142) of a number sequence generator (134) for generating a number sequence or a number (143_1, 143_2) of a number sequence.

50. Controller (130) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein, based on the state (142) of the number sequence generator (138) and the state (142) of the number sequence generator (138), the following states (142) of the number sequence generator (138) can be determined,

wherein the controller (130) is designed to determine the channel access pattern (110) as a function of the following states (142) of the number sequence generator (138) or the following numbers (142 ') of the number sequence derived therefrom.

51. Controller (130) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the controller (130) is designed to determine the channel access pattern (1 10) as a function of individual information from the communication system (102).

52. Controller (130) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the controller (130) is configured to

- The state (142) of the number sequence generator (134), or a number (142 ') of the number sequence derived from the state (142) of the number sequence generator (134), or the number (143_1, 143_2) of the number sequence, and

- the individual information of the communication system (102)

using a mapping function to map time information (148) and frequency information (146),

wherein the time information (148) and the frequency information (146) describe a resource (1 12) of the channel access pattern (110).

53. Controller (130) according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the controller (130) is configured to be dependent on

- the state (142) of the number sequence generator (134) or a number (142 ') of the number sequence derived from the state (142) of the number sequence generator (134), or the number (143_1, 143_2) of the number sequence, and

- an individual information of the communication system (102)

to determine a pseudo-random number R, the pseudo-random number R determining the channel access pattern (110).

54. Controller (130) according to the preceding claim,

wherein the controller (130) is designed to determine a resource (112) of the channel access pattern (110) based on the pseudo-fold number R.