Specification
COLD ROLLED STEEL SHEET AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING COLD ROLLED
STEEL SHEET
Technical Field of the Invention
[0001]
The present invention relates to a cold rolled steel sheet having an excellent
10 formability before hot stamping and/or after hot stamping, and a method for producing
the same.
Priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-004549, filed
January 13,2012, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-004864, filed January 13,
2012, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
15
Related Art
[0002]
Recently, a steel shcet for a vehicle is required to be improved in terms of
collision safety and to have a reduced weight. In such a situation, hot stamping (also
20 called hot pressing, hot stamping, diequenching, press quenching or the like) is drawing
attention as a method for obtaining a high strength. The hot stamping refers to a
forming method in which a steel sheet is heated at a high temperature of, for example,
700°C or more, then hot-formed so as to improve the formability of the steel sheet, and
quenched by cooling after forming, thereby obtaining desired material qualities. As
25 described above, a steel sheet used for a body structure of a vehicle is required to have
high press workability and a high strength. A steel sheet having aferrite and martensite
structure, a steel sheet having a ferrite and bainite structure, a steel sheet containing
retained austenite in a structure or the like is known as a steel sheet having both press
worltability and high strength. Among these steel sheets, a multi-phase steel sheet
5 having martensite dispersed in a ferrite base has a low yield strength and a high tensile
strength, and furthermore, has excellent elongation characteristics. However, the
multi-phase steel sheet has a poor hole expansibility since stress concentrates at the
interface between the ferrite and the martei~site,a nd cracking is likely to initiate from the
interface.
10 [0003]
For example, patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose the multi-phase steel sheet. In
addition, Patent Documents 4 to 6 describe relationships between the hardness and
formability of a steel sheet.
[0004]
15 However, even with these techniques of the related art, it is difficult to obtain a
steel sheet which satisfies the current requirements for a vehicle such as an additional
reduction of weight and more complicated shapes of components.
Prior Art Document
20 Patent Document
[0005]
[Patent Document I] Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First
PublicationNo. H6-128688
[Patent Document 21 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First
25 Publication No. 2000-3 19756
3
[Patent Document 31 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First
Publication No. 2005-120436
1 [Patent Document 41 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First
I
I PublicationNo. 2005-256141
< 5 [Patent Document 51 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First
Publication No. 2001 -355044
1
[Patent Document 61 Japanese Unexamined Patent ~ Application, First
Publication No. H11-189842
10 Disclosure of the Invention
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
1 [0006]
~ An object of the present invention is to provide a cold rolled steel sheet, a
i :I
hot-dip galvanized cold rolled steel sheet, a galvannealed cold rolled steel sheet, an
15 electrogalvanized cold rolled steel sheet, and an aluminized cold rolled steel sheet, which
!
are capable of ensuring a strength before and after hot stamping and have a more
favorable hole expansibility, and a method for producing the same.
Meails for Solving the Problem
20 [0007]
The present inventors carried out intensive studies regarding a cold rolled steel
sheet, a hot-dip galvanized cold rolled steel sheet, a galvannealed cold rolled steel sheet,
an electrogalvanized cold rolled steel sheet, and an aluminized cold rolled steel sheet that
ensured a strength before hot stamping (before heating for carrying out quenching in a
25 hot stamping process) andlor after hot stanlping (after quenching in a hot stainping
4
process), and having an excellent formability (hole expansibility). As a result, it was
found that, regarding the steel composition, when an appropriate relationship is
established among the amount of Si, the amount of Mn and the amount of C, a fraction of
a ferrite and a fraction of a martensite in the steel sheet are set to predetermined fractions,
5 and the hardness ratio (difference of a hardness) of the martensite between a surface part
of a sheet thicltness and a central part of the sheet thicltness of the steel sheet and the
hardness distribution of the martensite in the central part of the sheet thicltness are set in
specific ranges, it is possible to industrially produce a cold rolled steel sheet capable of
ensuring, in the steel sheet, a greater formability than ever, that is, a charactcristic of TS
10 x h 2 50000MPa.% that is a product of a tensile strength TS and a hole expansion ratio h.
Furthermore, it was found that, when this cold rolled steel sheet is used for hot stamping,
a steel sheet having excellent formability even after hot stamping is obtained. In
addition, it was also clarified that the suppression of a segregation of MnS in the central
part of the sheet thickness of the cold rolled steel sheet is also effective in improving the
15 formability (hole expansibility) of the steel sheet before hot stanlping andlor after hot ' .
stamping. In addition, it was also found that, in cold-rolling, an adjustment of a fraction
of a cold-rolling reduction to a total cold-rolling reduction (cumulative rolling reduction)
from an uppermost stand to a third stand based on the uppermost stand within a specific
range is effective in controlling a hardness of the martensite. Furthermore, the inventors
20 have found a variety of aspects of the present invention as described below. In addition,
it was found that the effects are not impaired even when a hot-dip galvanized layer, a
galvannealed layer, an electrogalva~~izelady er and an aluminizied layer are formed on
the cold rolled steel sheet.
[OOOS]
25 ( I ) That is, according to a first aspect of the present invention, a cold rolled steel
5
sheet includes, by mass%, C: 0.030% to 0.150%, Si: 0.010% to 1.000%, Mn: 1.50% to
2.70%, P: 0.001% to 0.060%, S: 0.001% to 0.010%, N: 0.0005% to 0.0100%,Al: 0.010%
to 0.050%, and optionally one or more of B: 0.0005% to 0.0020%, Mo: 0.01% to 0.50%,
Cr: 0.01% to 0.50%, V: 0.001% to 0.100%, Ti: 0.001% to 0.100%, Nb: 0.001% to
5 0.05076, Ni: 0.01% to 1.00%, Cu: 0.01% to 1.00%, Ca: 0.0005% to 0.0050%, REM:
0.0005% to 0.0050%, and a balance including Fe and unavoidable impurities, in which,
when [C] represents an amount ofC by mass%, [Si] represents an amount of Si by
mass%, and [Mn] represents an amount of Mn by mass%, a following expression (A) is
satisfied, a metallographic structure before a hot stamping includes 40% to 90% of a
10 ferrite and 10% to 60% of a martensite in an area fraction, a total of an area fraction of
the ferrite and an area fraction of the martensite is 60% or more, the metallographic
structure may optionally further includes one or more of 10% or less of a perlite in an
area fraction, 5% or less of a retained austenile in a volume ratio, and less than 40% of a
bainite as a remainder in an area fraction, a hardness of the marlensite measured with a
15 nanoindenter satisfies a following expression (B) and a following expression(C) before
the hot stamping, TS x h which is a product of a tensile strength TS and a hole expansion
ratio h is 50000MPa.% or more,
(5 x [Si] + [Mn]) / [C] > 1 l (A),
H2 /HI < 1.10 (B),
20 OHM < 20 (C), and
the HI is an average hardness of the martensite in a surface part of a sheet
thickness before the hot stamping, the H2 is an average hardness of the marlensite in a
central part of the sheet thicltness which is an area having a width of 200 pm in a
thickness direction at a center of the sheet thiclmess before the hot stamping, and the
25 GHM is a variance olthe hardness of the martensite in the central part of the sheet
thickness before the hot stamping.
[0009]
(2) In the cold rolled steel sheet according to the above (I), an area fraction of
MnS existing in the cold rolled steel sheet and having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.1
5 pm to 10 pm may be 0.01% or less, and a following expression (D) may be satisfied,
n2 I n1 < 1.5 (D), and
the nl is an average number density pcr 10000 pn2 of the MnS having the
equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 pm to 10 pm in a 114 part of the sheet thickness before
the hot stamping, and the 112 is an average number density per 10000 pm2 of the MnS
10 having the equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 pm to 10 pm in the central part of the sheet
i thickness before the hot stamping.
100 lo]
(3) In the hot stamped steel accord~ngto the above (1) or (2), a galvanizing may
be formed on a surface thereof.
15 [OOl I ]
(4) According to another aspect of the present invent~ont,h ere is provided a
method for producing a cold rolled steel sheet including casting a molten stecl having a
chemical composition according to the above (1) and obtaining a steel, heating the steel,
hot-rolling the steel with a hot-rolling mill including a plurality of stands, coiling the
20 steel after the hot-rolling, pickling the steel after the coiling, cold-rolling the steel with a
cold-rolling mill including a plurality of stands after the pickling under a condition
satisfying a following expression (E), annealing in which the steel is annealed under
700°C to 850°C and cooled after the cold-rolling, temper-rolling the steel after the
annealing,
25 1 . 5 x r l l r + 1 . 2 x r 2 / r + r 3 / r > l . O (El, and
7
the ri (i = 1,2,3) represents an individual target cold-rolling reduction at an ith
stand (i = 1,2,3) based on an uppermost stand in the plurality of stands in the
cold-rolling in unit %, and the r represents a total cold-rolling reduction in the
cold-rolling in unit %.
5 [OO 121
(5) The method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet according to the above
(4) may further include galvanizing the steel hctween the annealing and the
temper-rolling.
[OO 131
10 (6) In the method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet according to the
above (4), when CT represents a coiling temperature in the coiling in unit OC, [C]
represents the amount of C by mass%, [Mn] represents the amount of Mn by mass%, [Si]
represents the amount of Si by mass%, and [Mo] represents the amount of Mo by mass%
in the steel sheet, a following expression (F) may be satisfied,
15 560 - 474 x [C] - 90 x [Mn] - 20 x [Cr] - 20 x [Mo] < CT < 830 - 270 x [C] - 90
x [Mn] - 70 x [Cr] - 80 x [Mo] (F).
[00 141
(7) In the method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet according to the
above (6), when T represents a heating temperature in the heating in unit OC, t represents
20 an in-furnace time in the heating in unit minute, [Mn] represents the amount of MII by
mass%, and [S] represents an amount of S by mass% in the steel sheet, a following
expression (G) may be satisfied,
T x ln(t) l(l.7 [Mn] + [S]) > 1500 (G).
[OO 1 51
25 (8) That is, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided
8
a cold rolled steel sheet including, by mass%, C: 0.030% to 0.150%, Si: 0.010% to
1.000%, Mn: 1.50% to 2.70%, P: 0.001% to 0.060%, S: 0.001% to 0.010%, N: 0.0005%
to 0.0100%, AI: 0.010% to 0.050%, and optionally one or more of B: 0.0005% to
0.0020%, Mo: 0.01% to 0.50%, Cr: 0.01% to 0.50%, V: 0.001% to 0.100%, Ti: 0.001%
5 to 0.100%, Nb: 0.001% to 0.050%, Ni: 0.01% to 1.00%, Cu: 0.01% to 1.00%, Ca:
0.0005% to 0.0050%, REM: 0.0005% to 0.0050%, and a balance including Fe and
unavoidable impurities, in which, when [C] represents an amount of C by mass%, [Si]
represents an amount of Si by mass%, and [Mn] represents an amount of Mn by mass%,
a following expression (13) is satisfied, a metallographic structure after a hot stamping
10 includes 40% to 90% of a ferrite and 10% to 60% of amattensite in an area fraction, a
total of an area fraction of the ferrite and an area fraction of the martensite is 60% or
more, the metallographic structure may optionally further includes one or more of 10%
or less of a perlite in an area fraction, 5% or less of a retained austenite in a volume ratio,
and less than 40% of a bainite as a remainder in an area fraction, a hardness of the
15 martensite measured with a nanoindenter satisfies a following expression (I) and a
following expression(J) after the hot stamping, TS x h which is a product of a tensile
strength TS and a hole expansion ratio h is 50000MPa.% or more,
(5 x [Si] + [Mn]) / [C] > 11 (H),
H21 /HI1 < I.lO(I),
20 oHM1 < 20 (J), and
the H11 is an average hardness of the marlensite in a surface part of a sheet
thickness after the hot sta~npingt,h e H21 is an average hardness of the mattensite in a
central pa~otf the sheet thickness which is an area having a width of 200 pm in a
thiclu~essd irection at a center of the sheet thickness afler the hot stamping, and the
25 oWM1 is a variance ofthe average hardness of the marlensite in the central part of the
9
sheet thickness after the hot stamping.
100 161
(9) In the cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping according to the above (8),
an area fraction of MnS existing in the cold rolled steel sheet and having an equivalent
5 circle diameter of 0.1 pm to 10 pm may be 0.01% or less, and a following expression (K)
may be satisfied,
n21 / 1111 < 1.5 (K), and
the 1111 is an average number density per 10000 pm2 of the MnS having ihe
equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 prn to 10 pm in a 114 part of the sheet thickness after the
10 hot stamping, and the 1121 is an average number density per 10000 pm2 of the MnS
having the equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 pm to 10 pin in the central part of the sheet
thickness after the hot stamping.
1001 71
(10) In the cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping according to the above (8)
15 or (9), a hot dip galvanizing may be formed on a surface thereof.
[0018]
(11) In the cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping according to thc above
(lo), a galvannealing may be formed on a surface of the hot dip galvanizing.
[0019]
20 (12) In the cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping according to the above (8)
or (9), an clectrogalvanizing may be formed on a surface thereof.
[0020]
(1 3) In the cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping according to the above (8)
or (9), an aluminizing may be formed on a surface thereof.
25 [002 11
10
(14) According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a
method for producing a cold rolled steel sheet including casting a molten steel having a
chemical composition according to the above (8) and obtaining a steel, heating the steel,
hot-rolling the steel with a hot-rolling mill including a plurality of stands, coiling the
5 steel after the hot-rolling, pickling the steel aAer the coilmg, cold-rolling the steel with a
2 cold-rolling mill including a plurality of stands after the pickling under a condition
satisfying a following expression (L), annealing in which the steel is annealed under
700°C to 850°C and cooled after the cold-rolling, and temper-rolling the steel after the
annealing,
10 1.5 x r l / r + 1 . 2 x r 2 / r + r 3 / r > l (L), and
the ri (i = 1,2,3) represents an individual target cold-rolling reduction at an ith
stand (i = 1,2,3) based on an uppermost stand in the plurality of stands in the
cold-rolling in unit %, and the r represents a total cold-rolling reduction in the
cold-rolling in unit %.
15 [0022]
(15) In the method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet ihr the hot stamping
according to the above (14), when CT represents a coiling temperature in the coiling in
unit "C, LC] represents the amount of C by mass%, [Mn] represents the amount of Mn by
mass%, [Si] represents the amount of Si by mass%, and wo] represents the amount of
20 Mo by mass% in the steel sheet, a following expression (M) may be satisfied,
560 - 474 x [C] - 90 x [Mn] - 20 x [Cr] - 20 x [Mo] < CT < 830 - 270 x [C] - 90
x [Mn] - 70 x [Cr] - 80 x [Mo] (M).
100231
(1 6) In the method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping
25 according to the above (15), when T represents a beating temperature in the heating in
11
unit "C, t represents an in-furnace time in the heating in unit minute, [Mn] represents the
amount of Mn by mass%, and [S] represents an amount of S by mass% in the steel sheet,
a following expression (N) may be satisfied,
T x In(t) / (1.7 x [Mn] + [SJ) > 1500 (N) .
5 [0024]
(1 7) The producing method according to any one of the above (14) to (16) may
further include galvanizing the steel between the amlealing and the temper-rolling.
[0025]
(18) The producing method according to the above (17) may hrthe~i.n clude
10 alloying the steel between the galvanizing and the temper-rolling.
[0026]
(19) The producing method according to any one of the above (14) to (16) may
further include elechogalvanizing the sleel after the temper-rolling.
[0027]
15 (20) The producing method according to any one of the above (14) to (16) may
further include aluminizing the steel between the annealing and the temper-rolling.
The hot stamped steel obtained by using tlle steel sheet any one of (I) to (20) has
an excellent formability.
Effects of the Invention
20 [002S]
According to the present invention, since an appropriate relationship is
established among the amount of C, the amount of Mn and the amount of Si, and the
hardness of the martensite measured with a llanoindenter is set to an appropriate value, it
is possible to obtain a more favorable hole expansibility before hot stamping and/or after
25 hot stamping in the hot stamped steel
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0029]
FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating the relationship between (5 x [Si] + [Mn]) / [C] and
5 TS x h before hot stamping and after hot stamping.
FIG. 2A is a graph illustrating a foundation of an expression (B) and is a graph
illustrating the relationship between H2 / HI and a OHM before hot stamping and the
relationship between 821 / H11 and 01-1M1 after hot stamping.
FIG 2B is a graph illustrating a foundation of an expression (C) and is a graph
10 illustrating the relationship between the OHM and TS x h before hot stamping and the
relationship between oHM1 and TS x h after hot stamping.
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the relationship between n2 / nl and TS x h before
hot stamping and the relationship between n21/ n l l and TS x h after hot stamping, and
illustrating a foundation of an expression (D).
15 FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the relationship between 1.5 x rl / r + 1.2 x r2 / r +
r3 /rand H2 / H1 before hot stamping and the relationship between 1.5 x rl / r + 1.2 x r2
/ 2 + r3 / r and H21 / HI 1 after hot stamping, and illustrating a foundation of an
expression (E).
FIG. 5A is a graph illustrating the relationship between an expression (F) and a
20 fraction of a martensite.
FLG. 5B is a graph illustrating the relationship between the expression (F) and a
fraction of a pearlite.
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the relationship between T x lii(t) / (1.7 x [Mn] +
[S]) and TS x h, and illustrating a foundation of an expression (G).
25 FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a hot stamped steel used in an exanlple.
13
FIG. 8A is a flowchart illustrating a method for producing the cold rolled steel
sheet according to a11 embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8B is a flowchart illustrating a method for producing the cold rolled steel
sheet after hot stamping according to another embodiment of the present invention
5
Embodiments of the Invention
[0030]
As described above, it is important to establish an appropriate relationship
among the amount of Si, the amount of Mn and the amount of C and provide an
10 appropriate hardness to a martensite in a predetermined position in a steel sheet in order
to improve formability (hole expansibility). Thus far, there have been no studies
regarding the relationship between the formability and the hardness of the martensite in a
steel sheet before hot stamping or after hot stamping.
[003 11
15 Herein, reasons for limiting a chemical composition of a cold rolled steel sheet
before hot stamping according to an embodiment of the present invention (in some cases,
also referred to as a colt1 rolled steel sheet before hot stamping according to the present
embodiment), a cold rolled steel sheet after hot stamping according to an embodiment of
the present invention (in some cases, also referred to as a cold rolled steel sheet after hot
20 stamping according to the present embodiment), and steel used for manufacture thereof
will be described. Hereinafter, "%" that is a unit of an amount of an individual
component indicates "mass%.
[0032]
C: 0.030% to 0.150%
25 C 1s an important element to stre~lgthenth e martensite and increase the strength
14
of the steel. When the amount of C is less than 0.030%, it is not possible to sufficiently
illcrease the strength of the steel. On the other hand, when the amount of C exceeds
0.150%, degradation of the ductility (elongation) of ihe steel becomes significant.
Therefore, the range ofthe amount of C is set to 0.030% to 0.150%. In a case in which
5 there is a demand for high hole expansibility, the amount of C is desirably set to 0.100%
or less.
[0033]
Si: 0.010% to 1.000%
Si is an important element for suppressing a formation of a harmful carbide and
10 obtaining a multi-phase structure mainly including a ferrite structure and a balance of the
martensite. However, in a case in which the amount of Si exceeds 1.000%, the
elongation or hole expansibility of the steel degrades, and a chemical conversion
treatment property also degrades. 'Therefore, the amount of Si is set to 1.000% or less.
In addition, while the Si is added for deoxidation, a deoxidation effect is not sufiicient
15 when the amount of Si is less than 0 010%. Therefore, the amount of Si is set to
0.010% or more.
Al: 0.010% to 0.050%
Al is an important element as a deoxidizing agent. To obtain the deoxidation
20 effect, the amount ofAl is set to 0.010% or more. On the other hand, even when the Al
is excessively added, the above-described effect is saturated, and conversely, the steel
becomes brittle. Therefore, the amount ofAl is set in a range of 0.010% to 0.050%.
[0035]
Mn: 1.50% to 2.70%
25 Mn is an important element for increasing a hardenability of the steel and
15
strengthening the steel. However, when the amount of Mn is less than 1.50%, it is not
possible to sufficiently increase the strength of the steel. On the other hand, when the
amount of Mn exceeds 2.70%, since the hardenability increases more than necessary, an
increase in the strength of the steel is caused, and consequently, the elongation or hole
5 expansibility of the steel degrades. Therefore, the amount of Mn is set in a range of
1.50% to 2.70%. In a case in which there is a demand for high elongation, the amount
of Mn is desirably set to 2.00% or less.
[0036]
P: 0.001% to 0.060%
In a case in which the amount is large, P segregates at a grain boundary, and
deteriorates the local ductility and weldability of the steel. Therefore, the amount of P
is set to 0.060% or less. On the other hand, since an unnecessary decrease of P leads to
an increasing in the cost of refining, the amount of P is desirably set to 0.001 % or more.
[0037]
S: 0.001% to 0.010%
S is an element that forms MnS and significantly deteriorates the local ductility
or weldability of the stccl. Therefore, the upper limit of the amount of S is set to
0.010%. In addition, in order to reduce refining costs, a lower limit of the amount of S
is desirably set to 0.001%.
20 [0038]
N: 0.0005% to 0.0100%
N is an important element to precipitate AIN and the like and miniaturize crystal
grains. However, when the amount of N exceeds 0.0100%, aN solid solution (nitrogen
solid solution) remains and the ductility of the steel is degraded. Therefore, the amount
25 of N is set to 0.0100% or less. Due to a problem of refining costs, the lower limit of the
16
amount ofN is desirably set to 0.0005%.
[0039]
The cold rolled steel sheet according to the embodiment has a basic composition
including the above-described components, Fe as a balance and unavoidable impurities,
5 but may further contain any one or more elements of Nb, Ti, V, Mo, Cr, Ca, REM (rare
earth metal), Cu, Ni and B as elements that have thus far been used in amounts that are
equal to or less than the below-described upper limits to improve the strength, to control
a shape of a sulfide or an oxide, and the like. Since these chemical elements are not
necessarily added to the steel sheet, the lower limits thereof are 0%.
[0040]
Nb, Ti and V are elements that precipitate a fine carbonitride and strengthen the
steel. In addition, Mo and Cr are elements that increase hardenability and strengthen
the steel. To obtain these effects, it is desirable to contain Nb: 0.001% or more, TI:
0.001% or more, V: 0.001% or more, Mo: 0.01% or more, and Cr: 0.01% or more.
15 However, even when Nb: more than 0.050%, Ti: more than 0.100%, V: more than
0.100%, Mo: more than 0.50%, and Cr: more than 0.50% are contained, the
strength-increasing effcct is saturated, and there is a concern that the degradation of the
elongation or the hole expansibility may be caused.
[0041]
20 The steel may further contain Ca in a range of 0.0005% to 0.0050%. Ca
controls the shape of the sulfide or the oxide and improves the local ductility or hole
expansibility. To obtain this effect using Ca, it is preferable to add 0.0005% or more of
Ca. However, since there is a concern that an excessive addition may deteriorate
worltability, the upper limit of the amount of Ca is set to 0.0050%. For the same reason,
25 for the rare earth metal (REM) as well, it is preferable to set the lower limit of the amount
17
to 0.0005% and an upper limit of the amount to 0.0050%.
100421
The steel may further contain Cu: 0.01% to 1.00%, Ni: 0.01% to 1.00% and B:
0.0005% to 0.0020%. These elements also can improve the hardenability and increase
the strength of the steel. However, to obtain the effect, it is preferable to contain Cu:
0.01% or more, Ni: 0.01% or more and B: 0.0005% or more. In a case in which the
amounts are equal to or less than the above-described values, the effect that strengthens
the steel is small. On the other hand, even when Cu: more than 1.00%, Ni: more than
1.00% and B: more than 0.0020% are added, the strength-increasing effect is saturated,
10 and there is a concern that the ductility may degrade.
[0043]
In a case in which the steel contains B, Mo, Cr, V, Ti, Nb, Ni, Cu, Ca and REM,
one or more elements are contained. The balance of the steel is composed of Fe and
unavoidable impurities. Elements other than the above-described elements (for example,
15 Sn, As and the like) may be further contained as unavoidable impurities as long as the ..
elements do not impair characteristics. Furthermore, when B, Mo, Cr, V, Ti, Nb, Ni, Cu,
Ca and REM are contained in amounts that are less than the above-describetl lower limits,
the elements are treated as unavoidable impurities.
[0044]
20 In addition, in the cold rolled steel sheet according to the embodiment, as
illustrated in FIG. 1, when the amount of C (mass%), the amount of Si (mass%) and the
amount of Mn (mass%) are represented by [C], [Si] and [Mn] respectively, it is important
to satisfi a following expression (A) ( (H) as well).
(5 x [Si]+ [Mn])/ [C]> 11 (A)
25 When the above expression (A) is satisfied before hot stamping andlor after hot
18
stamping, it is possible to satisfy a condition of TS x h ? 50000Wa%. When the
value of (5 x [Si] + [Mnj) / [Cj is 11 or less, it is not possible to obtain a sufficient hole
expansibility. This is because, when the amount of C is large, the hardness of a hard
phase becomes too high, the hardness difference (ratio of tl~eha rdness) between the hard
5 phase and a soit phase becomes great, and therefore the h value deteriorates, and, when
the amount of Si or the amount of Mn is small, TS becomes low.
[0045]
Generally, it is the martensite rather than the ferrite to dominate the formability
(hole expansibility) in a dual-phase steel (DP steel). As a result of intensive studies by
10 the inventors regarding the hardness of martensite, it was clarified that, when the
hardness difference (the ratio of the hardness) of the martensite between a surface part of
a sheet thiclcness and a central part of the sheet thickness, and the hardness distribution of
the martensite in the central part of the sheet thickness are in a predeterniined state in a
phase of before hot stamping, the state is almost maintained even after quenching in a hot
15 stamping process as illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B, and the forniability such as
elongation or hole expansibility becomes favorable. This is considered to be because
the hardness distribution of the martensite formed beihre hot stamping still 11;rs a
significant effect even after hot stan~pinga, ud alloy elements concentrated in the central
part of the sheet thickness still hold a state of being concentrated in the central part of the
20 sheet thickness even after hot stamping. That is, in the steel sheet before hot stamping,
in a case in which the hardness ratio between the martensite in the surface part of the
sheet thickness and the martensite in the central part of the sheet thickness is great, or a
variance of the hardness of the martcnsite is great, the same tendency is exhibited even
after hot sta~nping. As illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the hardness ratio between the
25 surface part of the sheet thickness and the central part of the sheet thickness in the cold
19
rolled steel sheet according to the embodiment before hot stamping, and the hardness
ratio between the surface part of the sheet thickness and the central part of the sheet
thickness in the steel sheet obtained by hot stamping the cold rolled steel sheet according
to the embodiment, are almost the same. In addition, similarly, the variance of the
hardness of the martensite in the central part of the sheet thickness in the cold rolled steel
sheet according to the embodiment before hot stamping, and the variance of the hardness
of the martensite in the central part of the sheet thickness in the steel sheet obtained by
hot stamping the cold rolled steel sheet according to the embodiment, are almost the
same. Therefore, the formability of the steel sheet obtained by hot stamping the cold
rolled steel sheet according to the embodiment is similarly excellent to the formability of
the cold rolled steel sheet according to the embodiment before hot stamping.
[0046]
In addition, regarding the hardness of the martensite measured with an
nanoindenter manufactured by Hysitron Corporation at a magnification of 1000 times, it
is found in the present invention that a following expression (B) and a following
expression (C) ((I) and (J) as well) being satisfied before hot stamping and/or after hot
stamping are advantageous to the formability of the steel sheet. Here, "111" is the
average hardness ofthe martensite in the surface part of the sheet thickness that is within
an area having a width of 200 pm in a thickness direction from an outermost layer of the
steel sheet in the thickness direction in the steel sheet behre hot stamping, "H2" is the
average hardness of the martensite in an area having a width of 1100 pm in the thicltness
direction from the central part of the sheet thickness in the central part of the sheet
thickness in the steel sheet before hot slamping, and "OHM is the variance of the
hardness of the martensite in an area having a width of &I00 pm in the thickness
direction from the central part of the sheet thiclmess before hot stamping. In addition,
20
"H11" is the hardness of the martensite in the surface part of the sheet thickness in the
cold rolled steel sheet for hot stamping after hot stamping, "H21" is the hardness ofthe
martensite in the central part of the sheet thickness, that is, in an area having a width of
,I 200 pm in the thiclcness direction in a center of the sheet thickness afier hot stamping,
i
5 and "oHM1" is the variance of the hardness of the martensite in the central par1 of the
sheet thickness after hot stamping. The HI, H11, H2, H21, OHM and oNMl are
obtained respectively from 300-point measurements for each. An area having a width
of *lo0 pm in the thickness direction from the central part of the sheet thickness refers to
an area having a center at the center of the sheet thickness and having a dimension of 200
10 pm in the thickness direction.
H2/H1<1.10 (B)
I
I
i
o m < 20 iC)
H21 /HI1 1500 (G)
When T x ln(t) / (1.7 x [Mn] + [S]) is equal to or less than 1500, the area
fraction of the MnS having the equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 pm to 10 pm becomes
15 large, and there is a case in which a diKerence between the number density of the MIIS
having the equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 pm to 10 pm in the 114 part ofthe sheet
thickness and the number density of the MnS having the equivalent circle diameter of 0.1
pm to 10 pm in the central part of the sheet thickness becomes large. The temperature
of the heating fumace before carrying out hot-rolling refers to an extraction temperature
20 at an outlet side of the heating furnace, and the in-furnace time refers to a time elapsed
from an insertion of the slab into the hot heating fumace to an extraction of the slab from
the heating furnace. Since the MIIS does not change even after hot stamping as
described above, it is preferable to satisfy the expression (G) or the expression (N) in a
heating process before hot-rolling.
25 [0060]
28
Next, the hot-rolling is carried out according to a conventional method. At this
time, it is desirable to carry out hot-rolling on the slab at the finishing temperature (the
hot-rolling end temperature) which is set in a range of an Ar3 temperature to 97OoC.
When the finishing temperature is less than the AT3 temperature, the hot-rolling becomes
5 a (a + y) two-phase region rolling (two-phase region rolling of the ferrite + the
martensite), and there is a concern that the elongation may degrade. On the other hand,
when the finishing teluperature exceeds 970°C, an austenite grain size coarsens, and the
fraction of the ferrite becomes small, and thus, there is a concern that the elongation may
degrade. Allot-rolling Facility may have a plurality of stands.
10 Here, the AT, temperature was estimated from an inflection point of a length of a
test specimen after carrying out a formastor test.
[0061]
After the hot-rolling, the steel is cooled at an average cooling rate of 20
"Clsecond to 500 'Clsecond, and is coiled at a predetermined coiling temperature CT.
15 In a case in which the average cooling rate is less than 20 "Clsecond, the pearlite that
causes the degradation of the ductility is likely to he formed. On the other hand, an
upper limit of the cooling rate is not particularly specified and is set to approximately 500
"Clsecond in consideration of a facility specification, but is not limited thereto.
[0062]
20 After the coiling, pickling is carried out, and cold-rolling is carried out. At this
time, to obtain a range satisfying the above-described expression (C) as illustrated in FIG.
4, the cold-rolling is carried out under a condition in which a following expression (E)
((I,) as well) is satisfied. When conditions for annealing, cooling and the like described
below are further satisfied afier the above-described rolling, TS x h > 50000 MPa.% is
25 ensured before hot stamping andlor afier hot stamping. The cold-rolling is desirably
29
carried out with a tandem rolling mill in which a plurality of rolling mills are linearly
disposed, and the steel sheet is continuously rolled in a single direction, thereby
obtaining a predetermined thickness.
1.5 x r l / r + 1 . 2 x r 2 / r + r 3 l r > 1 . 0 (El
5 Here, the "ri" represents an individual target cold-rolling reduction (%) at an i"'
stand (i = 1,2,3) from an uppermost stand in the cold-rolling, and the "r" represents a
total target cold-rolling reduction (Oh) in the cold-rolling. The total cold-rolling
r reduction is a so-called cumulative reduction, and on a basis of the sheet thickness at an
inlet of a first stand, is a percentage of the cumulative reduction (a difference between the
10 sheet thickness at the inlet before a first pass and the sheet thickness at an outlet after a
final pass) with respect to the above-described basis.
100631
When the cold-rolling is carried out under the conditions in which the
expression (E) is satisfied, it 1s possible to sufficiently divide the pearlite in the
15 cold-rolling even when a large pearlite exists before the cold-rolling. As a result, it is
possible to burn the pearlite or suppress the area fraction of the pearlite to a minimum
through the annealing carried out after cold-rolling, and therefore it becomes easy to
obtain a structure in which an expression (B) and an expression (C) are satisfied. On
the other hand, in a case in which the expression (E) is not satisfied, the cold-rolling
20 reductions in upper stream stands are not sufficient, the large pearlite is likely to remain,
and it is not possible to form a desired martensite in the following annealing. 111
addition, the inventors found that, when the expression (E) is satisfied, an obtained form
of the martensite structure after the annealing is ~naintainedin almost the same state even
after hot stamping is carried out, and therefore the cold rolled steel sheet according to the
25 embodiment becomes advantageous in terms of the elongation or the hole expansibility
30
even after hot stamping. In a case in which the hot stamped steel for which the cold
rolled steel sheet for hot stamping according to the embodiment is used is heated up to
the two-phase region in the hot stamping, a hard phase including the martensite hefore
hot stamping turns into an austenite structure, and the ferrite before hot stamping remains
5 as it is. Carbon (C) in the austenite does not move to the peripheral ferrite. Mer that,
when cooled, the austenite turns into a hard phase including the marlensite. That is,
when the expression (E) is satisfied and the above-described I32 / Hl is in a
predetermined range, the H2 / H1 is maintained even after hot stamping and the
formability becomes excellent after hot stamping.
10 [0064]
In the embodiment, r, rl, r2 and r3 are the target cold-rolling reductions.
Generally, the cold-rolling is carried out while controlling the target cold-rolling
reduction and an actual cold-rolling reduction to become substantially the same value.
It is not preferable to carry out the cold-rolling in a state in which the actual cold-rolling
15 reduction is uiinecessarily made to be different from the target cold-rolling reduction.
However, in a case in which there is a large difference between a target rolling reduction
and an actual rolling reduction, it is possible to consider that the embodin~etil is carried
out when the actual cold-rolling reduction satisfies the expression (E). Furthermore, the
actual cold-rolling reduction is preferably within *lo% of the target cold-rolling
20 reduction.
! [0065]
1
I After cold-rolling, a recrystallization is caused in the steel sheet by carrying out
the annealing. In addition, in a case that hot-dip galvaniziug or gaivannealing is formed
to improve the rust-preventing capability, a hot-dip galvanizing, or a hot-dip galvanizing
25 and alloying treatment is performed on the steel sheet, and then, the steel sheet is cooled
3 1
with a conventional method. The annealing and the cooling forms a desired martensite.
Furthermore, regarding an annealing temperature, it is preferable to carry out the
annealing by heating the steel sheet to 700°C to 850°C, and cool the steel sheet to a room
temperature or a temperature at which a surface treatment such as the galvanizing is
5 carried out. When the annealing is carried out in the above-described range, it is
possible to stably ensure a predetermined area fraction of the ferrite and a predetermined
area fraction of the martensite, to stably set a total of the area fraction of the ferrite and
the area fraction of the martensite to 60% or more, and to contribute to an improvement
of TS x h. Other annealing temperature conditions are not particularly specified, but a
10 holding time at 700°C to 850°C is preferably I second or more as long as the
productivity is not impaired to reliably obtain a predetermined structure, and it is also
preferable to appropriately determine a temperature-increase rate in a range of 1
"Cisecond to an upper limit of a facility capacity, and to appropriately determine the
cooling rate in a range of 1 "Clsecond to the upper limit of the facility capacity. In a
15 temper-rolling process, temper-rolling is carried out with a conventional method. An ..
elongation ratio of the temper-rolling is, generally, approximately 0.2% to 5%, and is
preferable within a range in which a yield point elongation is avoided and llrc shape of
the steel sheet can be corrected.
[0066]
20 As a still more preferable condition of the present invention, when the amount of
C (mass%), the amount of Mn (mass%), the amount of Si (mass%) and the amount of Mo
(mass%) of the steel are represented by [C], [Mn], [Si] and [Mo] respectively, regarding
the coiling temperature CT, it is preferable to satisfy a following expression (F) ((M) as
well).
25 560 - 474 x [C] - 90 x [MI] - 20 x [Cr] - 20 x [Mo] < CT < 830 - 270 x [C] - 90
32
x [Mn] - 70 x [Cr] - 80 x [Mo] (F)
[0067]
As illustrated in FIG. 5A, when the coiling temperature CT is less than "560 -
474 x [C] - 90 x [Mn] - 20 x [Cr] - 20 x [Mo]", the martensite is excessively formed, the
steel sheet becomes too hard, and there is a case in which the following cold-rolling
becomes difficult. On the other hand, as illustrated in FIG. 5B, when the coiling
temperature CT exceeds "830 - 270 x [C] - 90 x [Mn] - 70 x [Cr] - 80 x [Mo]", a banded
structure of the ferrite and the pearlite is likely to be formed, and furthermore, a fraction
of the pearlite in the central part of the sheet thickness is likely to increase. 'Therefore, a
uniformity of a distribution of the martensite formed in the following annealing degrades,
and it becomes difficult to satisfy the above-described expression (C). In addition, there
is a case in which it becomes difficult for the martensite to be formed in a sufficient
amount.
[0068]
When the expression (F) is satisfied, the ferrite and the hard phase have an ideal
distribution form as described above In this case, when a two-phase region heating is
carried out in thc hot stamping, the distribution form is maintained as described above.
If it is possible to more reliably ensure the above-described metallographic structure by
satisfying the expression (F), the metallographic structure is maintained even after hot
stamping, and the formability becomes excellent after hot stamping.
LO0691
Furthermore, to improve a rust-preventing capability, it is also preferable to
include a hot-dip galvanizing process iu which a hot-dip galvanizing is formed between
an annealing process and the temper-rolling process, and to form the hot-dip galvanizing
on a surface of the cold rolled steel sheet. Furthermorc, it is also preferable lo include
33
an alloying process in which an alloying treatment is performed after the hot-dip
galvanizing. In a case in which the alloying treatment is performed, a treatment in
which a galvannealed surface is brought into contact with a substance oxidizing a sheet
surface such as water vapor, thereby thickening an oxidized film may be further carried
5 out on the surface.
[0070]
It is also preferable to include, for example, an electrogalvanizing process in
which an electrogalvanizing is formed after the temper-rolling process as well as the
hot-dip galvanizing and the galvannealing and to form an electrogalvanizing on the
10 surface of the cold rolled steel sheet. In addition, it is also preferable to include, instead
of the hot-dip galvanizing, an aluminizing process in which an aluminizing is formed
between the annealing process and the temper-rolling process, and to form the
alumi~iizingo n the surface ofthe cold rolled steel sheet. The aluminizing is generally
hot dip aluminizing, which is preferable.
15 [007 11
After a series of the above-described treatments, the hot stamping is carried out
as necessary. In the hot stamping process, the hot stamping is desirably carried out, for
example, under the following condition. First, the steel sheet is heated up to 700°C to
1000°C at the temperature-increase rate of 5 "Clsecond to 500 'Clsecond, and ihe hot
20 stamping (a hot stamping process) is carried out after the holding time of 1 second to 120
seconds. To improve the formability, the heating temperature is preferably an Ac1
temperature or less. The Ac) temperature was estimated from the inflection point of the
length of the test specimen after carrying out the formastor test. Subsequently, the steel
sheet is cooled, for example, to the room temperature to 300°C at the cooling rate of 10
25 "Clsecond to 1000 "Clsecond (quenching in the hot stamping).
34
[0072]
When the heating temperature in the. hot stamping process is less than 70OoC,
the quenching is not sufficient, and consequently, the strength cannot be ensured, which
is not preferable. When the heating temperature is more than 1000°C, the steel sheet
5 becomes too soft, and, in a case in which a plating, particularly zinc plating, is formed on
the surface of the steel sheet, and the sheet, there is a concern that the zinc may be
:! evaporated and burned, which is not preferable. Therefore, the heating temperature in
the hot stamping is preferably 700°C to 1 OOO°C. 'when the temperature-increase rate is
less than 5 "Clsecond, since it is difficult to control heating in the hot stamping, and the
10 productivity significantly degrades, it is preferable to carry out the heating at the
temperature-increase rate of 5 "Clsecond or more. On the other hand, an upper limit of
the temperature-lncrease rate of 500 'Clsecond depends on a current heating capability,
but is not necessary to limit thereto. When the cooling rate is less than 10 "Clsecond,
since the rate control of the cooling after hot stamping is difficult, and the productivity
15 also significantly degrades, it is preferable to carry out the cooling at the cooling rate of'.
10 "Clsecond or more. An upper limit of the cooling rate of 1000 "Clsecond depends
on a current cooling capability, but is not necessary to limit thereto. Areason for setting
a time until the hot stamping after an increase in the temperature to 1 second or more is a
current process control capability (a lower limit of a facility capability), and a reason for
20 setting the time until the hot stamping after the increase in the temperature to 120
seconds or less is to avoid an evaporation of the zinc or the like in a case in which the
galvanizing or the like is formed on the surface of the steel sheet. A reason for setting
the cooling temperature to the room temperature to 300°C is to sufficiently ensure the
marlensite and ensure the strength after hot stamping.
25 FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B are flowcharts illustrating the method for producing the
3 5
cold rolled steel sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention. Reference
signs S1 to S13 in the drawing respectively correspond to individual process described
above.
[0073]
5 In the cold rolled steel sheet of the embodiment, the expression (B) and the
expression (C) are satisfied even after hot stamping is carried out under the
above-described condition. In addition, consequently, it is possible to satisfy the
condition of TS x h > 50000MPa.% even after hot stamping is carried out
[0074]
10 As described above, when the above-described conditions are satisfied, it is
possible to manufacture the steel sheet in which the hardness distribution or the structure
is maintained even after hot stamping, and consequently the strength is ensured and a
more favorable hole expansibility before hot stamping andlor after hot stamping can be
obtained.
15 Examples
[0075]
Steel having a composition described in Table 1 was continuously cast at a
casting rate of 1.0 dminute to 2.5 ndminute, a slab was heated in a heating furnace
under a conditions shown in Table 2 with an conventional method as it is or after cooling
20 the steel once, and hot-rolling was carried out at a finishing temperature of 910°C to
930°C, thereby producing a hot rolled steel sheet. After that, the hot rolled steel sheet
was coiled at a coiling temperature CT described in Table 1. After that, pickling was
carried out so as to remove a scale on a surface of the steel sheet, and a sheet thicliness
was made to be 1.2 mnl to 1.4 mm through cold-rolling. At this time, the cold-rolling
25 was carried out so that the value of the expression (E) or the expression (L) became a
36
value described in Table 5. After cold-rolling, annealing was carried out in a continuous
amlealing furnace at an annealing temperature described in Table 2. On a part of the
steel sheets, a galvanizing was further formed in the middle of cooling after a soaking in
the continuous annealing furnace, and then an alloying treatment was further performed
5 on the part of the steel sheets, thereby for~ninga galvannealing. In addition, an
electrogalvanizing or an aluminizing was formed on the part of the steel sheets.
Furthermore, temper-rolling was carried out at a11 elongation ratio of 1% according lo an
conventional method. In this state, a sample was taken to evaluate material qualities
and the like before hot stamping, and a material quality test or ihe like was carried out.
10 After that, to obtain a hot stamped steel having a form as illustrated in FIG. 7, hot
stamping in which a temperature was increased at a temperature-increase rate of LO
"C/second to 100 "C/second, the steel sheet was held at 780°C for 10 seconds, and the
steel sheet was cooled at a cooling rate of 100 "C/second to 20OoC or less, was carried
out. A sample was cut from a location of FIG. 7 in an obtained hot stamped steel, the
15 material quality test and the like were carried out, and the tensile strength (TS), the
elongation (El), the hole expansion ratio (1) and the l~kwe ere obtained. The results are
described in Table 2, 'l'rlble 3 (continuation ofTable 2), Table 4 and Table 5 (continuation
of Table 4). The hole expansion ratios h in the tables were obtained from a ibllowing
expression (P).
20 h (%) = {(d' - d) / d) x 100 (PI
d': a hole diameter when a crack penetrates the sheet thicltness
d: an initial hole diameter
Furthermore, regarding plating types in Table 2, CR represents a non-plated, that
is, a cold rolled steel sheet, GI represents that the hot-dip galvanizing is fonned on the
25 cold rolled steel sheet, GA represents that the galvanllealing is formed on the cold rolled
37
steel sheet, EG represents that the electrogalvanizing is formed on the cold rolled steel
sheet.
Furthermore, dcterminations G and B in the tables have the following meanings.
G: a target condition expression is satisfied.
5 B: the target condition expression is not satisfied.
In addition, since the expression (H), the expression (I), the expression (J), the
expression (K), the expression (L), the expression (M), and the expression (N) are
substantially the same as the expression (A),the expression (B), the expression (C), the
expression (D), the expression (E), the expressio~(tF ), the expression (G), respectively, in
10 headings of the respective tables, the expression (A),the expression (B), the expression
(C), the expression (D), the expression (E), the expression (F), and the expression (G),
are described as representatives.
[0076]
[Table 11
15
[0077]
[Table 21
[00781
20 [Table 31
[0079]
[Table 41
25 [OOSO]
[Table 51
[OOS 1]
[Table 61
[0082]
[Table 71
[0083]
[Table 81
[0084]
[Table 91
15 [0085]
Based on the above-described examples, as long as the conditions of the present
invention are satisfied, it is possible to obtain an excellent cold rolled steel sheet, an
excellent hot-dip galvanized cold rolled steel sheet, an excellent galvanllealed cold rolled
steel sheet, all of which satisfy TS x h 2 50000 MPa%, before hot stamping andlor after
20 hot stamping.
Industrial Applicability
[0086]
Since the cold rolled steel sheet, the hot-dip galvanized cold rolled steel sheet,
25 and the galvannealed cold rolled sleel sheet, which are obtained in the present invention
39
and satisfy TS x h 2 50000 MPa% before hot stamping and after hot stamping, the hot
stamped steel has a high press workability and a high strength, and satisfies the current
requirements for a vehicle such as an additional reduction of the weight and a more
complicated shape of a component
5
Brief Description of the Reference Symbols
[0087]
S 1 : MELTING PROCESS
S2: CASTING PROCESS
10 S3: HEATING PROCESS
S4: HOT-ROLLING PROCESS
S5: COILING PROCESS
S6: PlCKLlNG PROCESS
S7: COLD-ROLLING PROCESS
15 S8: ANNEALING PROCESS
S9: TEMPER-ROLLING PROCESS
S10: GALVAhIIZING PROCESS
S 1 1 : KLOYING PROCESS
S 12: ALUMINIZING PROCESS
20 S 13: ELECTROGALVANIZING PROCESS
Table 1
Table 2
Steel type
reference
symbol
Test
reference
symbol
Anneal~ng
temperature
?C)
Pearlite
area
fraction
before
cold
rolling
(%)
After annealing and temper-rolling and before hot stamping
Bainite
area
fraction
(s;l)
TS
(Mpa)
Pearlite
area
fraction
(%)
Ferrite
area
fraction
(%I
EL (%)
Martensite
area
fraction
(%)
TS EL
Ferrite +
mariensite
area
faction
(%)
Residual
austenite
fraacretiao n
(%)
Table 3
Table 4
Table 5
r After hot stamping
Table 6
c Left c
Leff side of .:
type side of . expression .G
reference expression E m (6) c
symbol (8) % after hot 2 0 stamping
Left
side of
expression
(C)
1 Left side of 1 4
ex~ression .G
stamping
Area
fraction of
MnS of
0.1 m
or more
before hot
stamping (96)
-0.010
0.008
0.006
0.007
0.009
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.006
0.007
0,008
0.006
0.006
0.009
0.004
0.006
0.003
0.002
0.005
0.004
0.005
Area
fraction of
MnS of
0.1 ll m
or more
after hot
stamping (%)
o.010
0.008
0.006
0.007
0.009
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.008
0.004
0.006
0.003
0.002
0.005 .,
0.005
0.005
9 LI 9
CLAIMS
1. A cold rolled steel sheet comprising, by mass%:
C: 0.030% to 0.150%;
5 Si: 0.01 0% to 1.000%;
Mn: 1.50% to 2.70%;
P: 0.001% to 0.060%;
S: 0.001% to 0.010%;
N: 0.0005% to 0.0100%;
10 Al: 0.010% to 0.050%, and
optionally one or more of
B: 0.0005% to 0.0020%;
Mo: 0.01% to 0.50%;
Cr: 0.01% to 0.50%;
15 V: 0.001% to 0.100%;
Ti: 0.001% to 0.100%;
Nb: 0.001% to 0.050%;
Ni: 0.01% to 1.00%;
Cu: 0.01% to 1.00%;
20 Ca: 0.0005% to 0.0050%;
REM: 0.0005% to 0.0050%, and
a balance including Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein
when [C] represents an amount of C by mass%, [Si] represents an atnoun1 of Si
by mass%, and [Mn] represents an amount of MII by mass%, a following expression (A)
25 is satisfied,
a metallographic structure before a hot stamping includes 40% to 90% of a
ferrite and 10% to 60% of a martensite in an area fraction,
a total of an area fraction of the ferrite and an area fraction of the martensite is
60% or more,
5 the metallographic structure optionally further includes one or more of 10% or
less of a perlite in an area fraction, 5% or less of a retained austenite in a volume ratio,
and less than 40% ofa bainite as a remainder in an area fraction,
a hardness of the martensite measured with a nanoindenter satisfies a following
expression (B) and a following expression(C) before the hot stamping,
10 TS x h which is a product of a tensile strength TS and a hole expansion ratio h is
50000MPa-% or more,
(5 x [Si] + [Mn]) / [C] > 11 (A),
H2 / H1 I 1.10 (B), and
oI3M < 20 (c),
15 where the H1 is an average hardness of the martensite in a surface part of a sheet
thickness before the hot stamping, the H2 is an average hardness of the martensite in a
central part of the sheet thickness which is an area having a width of 200 pni in a
thickness direction at a center of the sheet thickness before the hot stamping, and the
OHM is a variance of the hardness of the martensite in the central part of the sheet
20 thickness before the hot stamping.
2. The cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein
an area fraction of MnS existing in the cold rolled steel sheet and having an
equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 pm to 10 pm is 0.01% or less,
25 a following expression (D) is satisfied,
n2/n1<1.5 (D),
where the nl is an average number density per 10000 pln2 of the MnS having
the equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 pm to 10 pm in a 114 part of the sheet thickness
before the hot stamping, and the n2 is an average number density per 10000 pm2 of the
5 MnS having the equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 pm to 10 pm in the central part of the
sheet thickness before the hot stamping.
3. The cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, whereln a galvanizing
is formed on a surface thereof.
10
1 4. Amethod for producing a cold rolled steel sheet, the method comprising:
casting a molten steel having a chemical composition according to claim 1 and
obtaining a steel;
heating the steel;
15 hot-rolling the steel with a hot-rolling mill including a plurality of stands;
coiling the steel after the hot-rolling;
pickling the stccl after the coiling;
cold-rolling the steel with a cold-rolling mill including a plurality of stands after
the pickling under a condition satisfying a following expression (E);
20 annealing in which the steel is annealed under 700°C to 850°C and cooled after
the cold-rolling;
temper-rolling the steel after the annealing;
1.5 x r l / r i - 1 . 2 x r 2 / r + r 3 / r > l . O (E), and
the ri (i = 1,2,3) represents an individual target cold-rolling reduction at an ith
25 stand (i = 1,2,3) based on an uppermost stand in the plurality of stands in the
cold-rolling in unit %, and the r represents a total cold-rolling reduction in the
cold-rolling in unit %.
5. The method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 4,
5 further comprising:
galvanizing the steel between the annealing and the temper-rolling
6. The method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet according to claim 4,
wherein
10 when CT represents a coiling temperature in the coiling in unit OC, [C]
represents the amount of C by mass%, [Mn] represents the amount of MII by mass%, [Si]
represents the amount of Si by mass%, and [Mo] represents the amount of Mo by mass%,
a following expression (F) is satisfied,
560 - 474 x [C] - 90 x [Mn] - 20 x [Cr] - 20 x [MOT < CT < 830 - 270 x [C] - 90
15 x [Mn] - 70 x [Cr] - 80 x [Mo] (F).
7. The metllod for producing the cold rolled steel sheet accordrng to claim 6,
wherein
when T represents a heating temperature in the heating in unit OC, t represents an
20 in-furnace time in the heating in unit minute, [Mn] represents the amount of Mn by
mass%, and [S] represents an amount of S by mass%, a following expression (G) is
satisfied.
T x ln(t) 1 (1.7 x [Mn] + [S]) > 1500 (G)
25 8. A cold rolled steel sheet for a hot stamping comprising, by mass%:
C: 0.030% to 0.150%;
Si: 0.010% to 1.000%;
Mn: 1.50% to 2.70%;
P: 0.001 %to 0.060%;
5 S: 0.001% to 0.010%;
N: 0.0005% to 0.0100%;
Al: 0.010% to 0.050%, and
optionally one or more of
B: 0.0005% to 0.0020%;
10 Mo: 0.01% to 0.50%;
Cr: 0.01% to 0.50%;
V: 0.001% to 0.100%;
Ti: 0.001% to 0.100%;
Nb: 0.001% to 0.050%;
15 Ni: 0.01%to 1.00%;
Cu: 0.01% to 1.00%;
Ca: 0.0005% to 0.0050%;
REM: 0.0005% to 0.0050%, and
a balance including Fe and unavoidable impurities, wherein
20 when [C] represents an anlount of C by mass%, [Si] represents an amount oSSi
by mass%, and [Mn] represents an amount of Mn by mass%, a following expression (H)
is satisfied,
a metallograpliic structure after the hot stamping includes 40% to 90% of a
ferrite and 10% to 60% of a martcnsite in an area fraction,
2.5 a total of an area fraction of the Serrite and an area fraction of the martensite is
60% or more,
the metallographic structure optionally further includes one or more of 10% or
less of a perlite in an area fraction, 5% or less of a retained austenite in a volume ratio,
and less than 40% of a bainite as a remainder in an area fraction,
5 a hardness of the martensite measured with a nanoindenter satisfies a following
expression (I) and a following expression(J) after the hot stamping,
I
I
TS x h which is a product of a tensile strength TS and a hole expansion ratio h is
I
50000MPa.% or more,
(5 x [Si] + [Mn]) / [C] > 11 (HI,
10 H2l /HI1 < l.lO(I),
~ 01-lMl < 20 (J), and
the HI 1 is an average hardness of the martensite in a surface part of a sheet
thickness after the hot stamping, the H21 is an average hardness of the martensite in a
central part of the sheet thickness which is an area having a width of 200 pm in a
15 thickness direction at a center of the sheet thickness after the hot stamping, and the
oHM1 is a variance of the hardness of the martensite in the central part of the sheet
thickness after the hot stamping.
9. The cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping according to claim 8,
20 wherein
an area fraction of MnS existing in the cold rolled steel sheet and having an
equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 p to 10 pm is 0.01% or less,
a following expression (K) is satisfied,
n21 In11 11.5 (K), and
25 the n l l is an average number density per 10000 pn2 of the MIIS having the
equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 pm to 10 pm in a 114 part of the sheet thickness after the
hot stamping, and the n21 is an average number density per 10000 pm2 of the Mils
having the equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 pm to 10 pm in the central part of the sheet
thickness after the hot stamping.
5
10. The cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping according to claim 8 or 9,
wherein a hot dip galvanizing is formed on a surface thereof.
11. The cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping according to claim 10,
10 wherein a galvannealing is formed on a surface of the cold rolled steel sheet in which the
1 hot dip galvanizing is formed on the surface thereof.
12. The cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping according to claim 8 or 9,
wherein an electrogalvanizing is formed on a surface thereof.
15
13. The cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping according to claim 8 or 9,
wherein an aluminizing is formed on a surface thereof.
14. A method for producing a cold rolled steel sheet for a hot stamping, the
20 method comprising:
casting a molten steel having a chemical composition according to claim 8 and
obtaining a steel;
heating the steel;
hot-rolling the steel with a hot-rolling mill including a plurality of stands;
25 coiling the steel after thc hot-rolling;
pickling the steel after the coiling;
cold-rolling the steel with a cold-rolling mill including a plurality of stands after
the pickling under a condition satisfying a following expression (L);
annealing in which the steel is annealed under 700°C to 850°C and cooled after
5 the cold-rolling;
temper-rolling the steel after the annealing,
1.5 x r l / r + 1 . 2 x r 2 / r + r 3 / r > 1 (L), and
the ri (i = 1,2, 3) represents an individual target cold-rolling reduction at an ith
stand (i = 1,2,3) based on an uppermost stand in the plurality of stands in the
10 cold-rolling in unit %, and the r represents a total cold-rolling reduction in the
cold-rolling in unit %.
15. The method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping
~ according to claim 14, wherein
!
15 when CT represents a coiling temperature in the coiling in unit OC, [C]
represents the amount of C by mass%, [Mn] represents the amount of Mn by mass%, [Si]
represents the amount of Si by mass%, and [Mo] represents the amount of Mo by mass%
in the steel sheet, a following expression (M) is satisfied,
20 x [Mn] - 70 x [Cr] - 80 x [Mo] (M).
16. The method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping
accord~ngto claim 15, wherein
when T represents a heating temperature in the heating in unit OC, t represents an
25 in-furnace time in the heating in unit minute, MI] represents the amount of Mn by
mass% in the steel sheet, and [S] represents an amount of S by mass%, a following
expression (N) is satisfied.
T x in(t) / (1.7 x [Mi] + [S]) > 1500 (N)
5 17. The method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping
according to any one of claims 14 to 16, further comprising:
galvanizing the steel between the annealing and the temper-rolling.
18. The method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet for the hol slamping
10 according to claim 17, hrtlier comprising:
alloying the steel between the galvanizing aid the temper-rolling.
19. The method for producing the cold rolled steel sheet for the hot stamping
according to any one of claims 14 to 16, further comprising:
15 electrogalvatiizing the steel after the temper-rolling.
20. The methotl for producing the cold rolled steel sheet for the liol stamping
according to any one of clainls 14 to 16, further comprising:
aluminizing the steel between the annealing and the temper-rolling.
Dated this 01/07/2014
[RANJNA mIITA-DUTT]
OF REMFRY & SAGAR
ATTORNEY FOR THE APPLICANT[S]