FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10, rule 13)
"COMPOSITE MATERIAL"
NAME OF APPLICANT / INVETOR : BINISH R. DESAI
ADDRESS : 301-A, Ishan Apartment, Vashi Faliya, Nalarroad,Valsad-396001, Gujarat - India
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

Composite Material
Field of the invention
The present invention relates to a new composite material useful in the construction industry, making windmills and prosthesis.
Background of the invention
Composite material is a type of material made from two or more different materials which remain distinct from each other after joining or mixing. Wood is an example of naturally occurring composite material. It is made up of long cellulose fibers (a polymer) held together by a much weaker substance called lignin. Cellulose is also found in cotton, but without the lignin to bind it together it remains much weaker. The two weak substances lignin and cellulose when come together form a much stronger substance i.e. wood. Cement and concrete are other examples of composite material.
Papercrete, bricks and pine wood are one of the most trending materials used in the field of construction. Papercrete is made up of paper and Portland cement. Many variants of Papercrete include amounts of sand, fly ash, lime. Styrofoam, etc. Although paper is an environmental friendly material but other components of Papercrete such as Portland cement produces adverse effects on the environment. Besides that production of Papercrete involves high energy consumption. Bricks comprise silica, alumina, lime, iron oxide and magnesia. Bricks however have low tensile strength and could only be shaped before firing. Bricks production requires very high energy consumption and it also results in high amount of scarp. Further, brick kilns bring respiratory health problems to people working there. Pine wood is a type of softwood which grows in temperate climate. Keeping the pine wood sustainable is a challenging task and requires proper management during the farming. It also causes environmental damage when pine trees are cut without replanting. With an increase in the demand the cost of pine wood has also increased drastically over the years. Need arises therefore for a composite material which is environment friendly, requires low energy consumption during its production, and is strong and light weight.

Summary of the invention
A novelty of the present invention is a composite material which is environment friendly, renewable, economic, strong, light weight, fire resistant and water proof. The composite material according to the present invention comprises cellulose and a gum base. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the composite material is obtained by mixing paper sludge, chewing gum base, gray water and bdream base in specific manner. Bdream base is produced by mixing chewing gum base, cellulose extract and soil extract in a ratio of about 2: 6.7; 1. Cellulose extract is water containing some cellulose fibers obtained by squeezing the paper sludge. Soil extract is the soil obtained from lake/ pond and it is used as such.
Detailed description of the invention
According to the present invention there is provided a new composite material which is environment friendly, renewable and requires low energy consumption during its production. Moreover, this composite material is strong and light weight. The composite material according to the present invention is fire resistant and water proof. The production of this composite material requires no electricity. Nature's sources i.e. wind and sunlight are utilized as the source of energy during the production of this material, therefore the cost of the material is very low as compared to the other composite materials available in the market. This material can be widely used as a substitute of wood, clay, cement and concrete.
The composite material according to the present invention comprises cellulose and a gum base. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the composite material is made up by mixing paper sludge and chewing gum base with other ingredients in specific manner. Cellulose is the 2nd most abundant material on earth after rocks. Paper is a form of cellulose and is a part of the household garbage. India generates approximately 0.1 million ton of municipal waste everyday and about 36.5 million ton annually. Out of this 40% is paper i.e. 14.6 million ton of waste paper each year. Chewing gum is a polymeric material. After being chewed the gum base of the chewing gum is spitted out inappropriately. Since the gum base is non-biodegradable it adds to the environmental

garbage. According to a survey 3 lakh tones of gum is used every year and 1.2 lakh tones is thrown away,
In a preferred embodiment for production of the composite material of the present invention following raw materials are used:
(a) Paper sludge: Paper sludge is typically composed of paper waste containing 50% moisture, 80% cellulose and 4% plastic waste.
(b) Sanitized chewing gum base: Gum base used for the manufacture of chewing gum is procured and sanitized to produce the chewing gum fibers. The chewing gum base is boiled in water to a point that the gum base becomes liquid and floats on water surface. This is then removed from the water surface and immediately cooled down by putting it in cold water. Sanitized chewing gum base are then filtered out of the cold water. Chewing gum base is then melted by keeping the sanitized chewing gum base in sunlight for 12-15 minutes in shallow water.
(c) Gray water: Filtrate obtained after filtering the domestic waste water.
(d) Bdream base: It is produced by mixing melted sanitized chewing gum base, cellulose
extract and soil extract in a ratio of about 2: 6.7: 1. Cellulose extract is water containing
some cellulose fibers obtained by squeezing the paper sludge. Soil extract is the soil
obtained from lake/ pond and is used as such.
Blocks of the composite material of the present invention are produced by the following steps:
1. Collection of the paper sludge and gray water.
2. Collection, sanitizing and melting of the chewing gum base.
3. Preparation of bdream base by mixing melted chewing gum base, cellulose extract and soil extract.
4. Mixing of paper sludge, melted sanitized chewing gum base, gray water and bdream base with the help of industrial mixer.
5. Molding: Iron/ aluminium molds of suitable dimension are used to carry out the
process of molding to produce the composite material blocks. The mixture obtained

in the previous step is pressed into the molds for approximately 60 seconds. The mold is then removed and blocks of the composite material are obtained.
6. Drying: The blocks obtained in the previous step are wet. They are dried directly under the sunlight for 6-10 hrs. To decrease the time of drying solar reflectors can be used.
Example
Composition of preferred exemplary blocks (100 nos.) of the composite material is set forth in Table 1. For producing 100 blocks (each block of I ft x 1/2 ft x 5 cm size) 40 kg paper sludge, 250 gm melted sanitized chewing gum base, 2 liter gray water and 1.4 liter bdream base were taken in an industrial tank. Mixing in the tank was done for 5-10 min. with the help of industrial mixer. The mixture thus obtained was pressed into the molds for approximately 60 seconds. The mold was then removed and blocks of the composite material were obtained. These blocks were dried directly under the sunlight for 6-10 hrs.
Table 1: Composition of composite material blocks (100 nos.)

S.No. Component Qty/ block Total Qty (for 100 blocks)
1. Paper sludge 400 gm 40 kg
2. Melted sanitized chewing gum base 2.5 gm 250 gm
3. Gray water 20 ml 2 liter
4. Bdream base (Chewing gum base 3gm + cellulose extract 10 ml + Soil extract 1.5 ml) 14 ml 1.4 liter
The new composite material according to the present invention is useful in the construction industry, making windmills and prosthesis.

Scope and/or Ambit of the Invention
Although the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, this description is not meant to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications and alternate embodiments of the disclosed embodiments according to the present invention will become apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reference to the description of the invention. It is therefore contemplated that such modifications can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined.

We claim:
1. A composite material, comprising:
(a) cellulose;
(b) gum base;
(c) water; and
(d) bdream base, wherein, the said bdream base consists of gum base, cellulose extract and soil extract in the ratio of about 2: 6.1: 1.

2. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein cellulose is present in the form of paper sludge.
3. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein gum base used is melted sanitized chewing gum base.
4. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein water used is the filtrate obtained after filtering the domestic waste water.
5. A process of producing composite material, comprising the steps of:

(a) collecting paper sludge;
(b) collecting chewing gum base and sanitizing it by boiling it in water until the gum base becomes liquid and floats on water surface; then removing it from the water surface and immediately cooling it down by putting it in cold water; then filtering out the chewing gum base from the cold water;
(c) melting of sanitized chewing gum base;
(d) preparing of bdream base by mixing melted chewing gum base, cellulose extract and soil extract in a ratio of about 2: 6.7: 1;
(e) mixing of paper sludge, melted sanitized chewing gum base, water and bdream base to produce the composite material;

(f) molding of the composite material in suitable shape and size;
(g) drying of the molded composite material.

6. The process as claimed in claim 5, wherein the sanitized chewing gum base is melted by keeping it directly under the sunlight for 12-15 minutes.
7. The process as claimed in claim 5, wherein water used in step (e) is the filtrate obtained after filtering the domestic waste water.
8. The process as claimed in claim 5, wherein drying of the molded composite material is carried out directly under the sunlight.

We claim:
1. A composite material, comprising:
(a) cellulose;
(b) gum base;
(c) water; and
(d) bdream base, wherein, the said bdream base consists of gum base, cellulose extract and soil extract in the ratio of about 2: 6.7: 1.
2. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein cellulose is present in the form of paper sludge.
3. The composite material according to claim 1. wherein gum base used is melted sanitized chewing gum base.
4. The composite material according to claim 1, wherein water used is the filtrate obtained after filtering the domestic waste water.
5. A process of producing composite material, comprising the steps of:

(a) collecting paper sludge;
(b) collecting chewing gum base and sanitizing it by boiling it in water until the gum base becomes liquid and floats on water surface; then removing it from the water surface and immediately cooling it down by putting it in cold water; then filtering out the chewing gum base from the cold water;
(c) melting of sanitized chewing gum base;
(d) preparing of bdream base by mixing melted chewing gum base, cellulose extract and soil extract in a ratio of about 2; 6.7: 1;
(e) mixing of paper sludge, melted sanitized chewing gum base, water and bdream base to produce the composite material;

(f) molding of the composite material in suitable shape and size;
(g) drying of the molded composite material.

6. The process as claimed in claim 5, wherein the sanitized chewing gum base is melted by keeping it directly under the sunlight for 12-15 minutes.
7. The process as claimed in claim 5, wherein water used in step (e) is the filtrate obtained after filtering the domestic waste water.
8. The process as claimed in claim 5, wherein drying of the molded composite material is carried out directly under the sunlight.