DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present disclosure provides compositions comprising monolaurin and trilaurin. In particular, the present disclosure provides a composition comprising monolaurin and trilaurin as an active ingredient. More particularly, the present disclosure also provides a personal care composition comprising monolaurin and trilaurin in an effective amount to provide desired activity.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the present invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] Monolaurin is a chemical derived from lauric acid and is as an additive primarily as surfactant in cosmetics, deodorants, detergents, and insecticides. Monolaurin is also used as a food additive in food production and manufacturing of products like margarine and pastas. Monolaurin is recently shown to have antibacterial and antiviral effects. However, the research on monolaurin is limited so far. The body can convert monolaurin into lauric acid. However, experts are unsure how the body converts monolaurin into lauric acid, and at what rates. While monolaurin has GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) status from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), it has not been evaluated as a treatment for any condition. As a result, there are no dosage guidelines available. The current research on monolaurin lacks information about its potential effects and as well as appropriate range of doses.
[0004] Thus, there remains a need for research and development of products which employs monolaurin as an active ingredient at its effective doses. Further, there is also a need for identifying an additional ingredient that can aid, or enhance activity of monolaurin and the composition comprising monolaurin with such additional ingredient.
[0005] Trilaurin is a triglyceride obtained by formal acylation of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol by lauric (dodecanoic) acid. It is a triglyceride and a dodecanoate ester. Trilaurin is used largely as an emulsifier or viscosity increasing agent in creams, lotions, deodorants, sunscreen and skin cleansing products. Besides its use as a viscosity enhancer there are not many other applications for which trilaurin has been exploited as such. Trilaurin has been considered as a safe ingredient to be used in cosmetics. However, it has not be attempted as one of the main ingredients to provide personal care or hair and scalp care products with desired activity/ properties.
[0006] Therefore, there remain a need to provide a composition comprising monolaurin as an active ingredient and trilaurin as one of the main ingredients at appropriate dose to provide products with desired activity attributes, preferably for personal care products.

SUMMARY
[0007] In general aspects the present disclosure provides compositions comprising monolaurin and trilaurin.
[0008] In an aspect the present disclosure provides a composition comprising monolaurin as an active ingredient in combination with trilaurin.
[0009] In one aspect the present disclosure provides a composition comprising monolaurin as an active ingredient and trilaurin as one of the main ingredients that can aid or enhance activity of monolaurin.
[00010] In an aspect the present disclosure provides a composition comprising monolaurin as an active ingredient in combination with trilaurin at appropriate ranges to provide products with desired activity attributes.
[00011] In an aspect the present disclosure provides a composition comprising monolaurin as an active ingredient in combination with trilaurin at appropriates ranges to provide personal care products with desired activity attributes.
[00012] In some aspects the personal care product is selected from hair care, scalp care and skin care product.
[00013] In an aspect the present disclosure provides a personal care composition comprising monolaurin at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to about 15% or more by weight of the composition.
[00014] In an aspect the present disclosure provides a personal care composition comprising trilaurin at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to about 15% or more by weight of the composition.
[00015] In an aspect the present disclosure provides a personal care composition comprising monolaurin at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to about 15% or more by weight of the composition and trilaurin at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to about 15% or more by weight of the composition.
[00016] In an aspect the present disclosure provides a personal care composition comprises monolaurin and trilaurin present in the ratio of 1:9 to 9:1.
[00017] In an aspect the present disclosure provides a personal care composition comprising monolaurin as an active ingredient in combination with an additional one or more active ingredient(s).
[00018] In an aspect of the present disclosure the personal care composition may comprise additional one or more active ingredient(s) at a concentration ranging from about 0.001% to about 30% or more by weight of the composition.
[00019] In an aspect of the present disclosure the personal care composition in accordance with the present disclosure optionally comprises one or more of other additional agents selected from cosmetically acceptable excipient(s), carrier(s), base, vehicle(s), auxiliary agent(s), adjuvant(s), or the like.
[00020] Various features, aspects and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[00021] The following drawings form part of the present specification and are included to further illustrate aspects of the present disclosure. The disclosure may be better understood by reference to the drawings in combination with the detailed description of the specific embodiments presented herein.
[00022] Figure 1: It is a graph showing the effect of personal care compositions in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and comparative compositions comprising monolaurin and trilaurin individually at various concentrations and ratios, on percentage reduction from the state of inflammation.
[00023] Figure 2: These are graphs showing results of sensory evaluation of personal care compositions in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure comprising monolaurin and trilaurin at various concentrations and at 1:1 ratio: Figure 2a shows effect on smoothness and Figure 2b shows effect on softness of hair tresses after treatment.
[00024] Figure 3: It is a graph showing improvement in tensile strength of hair fibers after treatment with Formulations II-VI comprising the composition in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure comprising monolaurin and trilaurin at various concentrations and at 1:1 ratio in comparison with Formulation I (placebo comprising base oil). The effect of Formulations I-VI is shown in terms of % increase in toughness from that of placebo Formulation I.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[00025] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiments are in such detail as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[00026] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification which follow, the word “comprise” and variations thereof, such as, “comprises” and “comprising” are to be construed in an open, inclusive sense that is as “including, but not limited to.”
[00027] Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrases “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
[00028] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[00029] In some embodiments, the numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, properties such as concentration, and so forth, used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the invention are to be understood as being modified in some instances by the term “about.” Wherever the term “about” is used preceding a figure, the same may be considered to indicate + 10 of that figure. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters set forth in the written description are approximations that can vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained by a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques. Notwithstanding that the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the broad scope of some embodiments of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as practicable.
[00030] The recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein.
[00031] All methods described herein can be performed in suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g. “such as”) provided with respect to certain embodiments herein is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of the invention.
[00032] The headings and abstract of the invention provided herein are for convenience only and do not interpret the scope or meaning of the embodiments.
[00033] Various terms are used herein. To the extent a term used in a claim is not defined below, it should be given the broadest definition persons in the pertinent art have given that term as reflected in printed publications and issued patents at the time of filing.
[00034] The present invention relates to compositions comprising monolaurin and trilaurin.
[00035] The present disclosure in one embodiment provides a composition comprising monolaurin as an active ingredient in combination with trilaurin.
[00036] The inventors of the present invention surprisingly found that when the composition comprised of monolaurin in combination with trilaurin, there was an unexpected enhancement in the efficacy of the composition.
[00037] Accordingly, in one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a composition comprising monolaurin as an active ingredient and trilaurin as one of the main ingredients that can aid or enhance activity of monolaurin.
[00038] In an embodiment, the present disclosure provides a composition comprising monolaurin as an active ingredient in combination with trilaurin at appropriate ranges to provide products with desired activity attributes.
[00039] In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a composition comprising monolaurin as an active ingredient in combination with trilaurin at appropriates ranges to provide personal care products with desired activity attributes.
[00040] In one embodiment, the personal care product is selected from hair care, scalp care and skin care product.
[00041] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides personal care compositions for hair care or scalp care or both comprising monolaurin and trilaurin that can help provide one or more of protection from damage; improve characteristics like smoothness, softness, lustre, texture, elasticity, tensile strength, and appearance; manage and maintain said improved healthy characteristics of hair and/or scalp.
[00042] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides personal care compositions for skin care comprising monolaurin and trilaurin that can help provide one or more of protection from damage; improve characteristics like smoothness, softness, skin texture, elasticity, suppleness, and appearance; manage and maintain said improved healthy characteristics of skin.
[00043] In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a personal care composition comprising monolaurin at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to about 15% or more by weight of the composition.
[00044] In one embodiment, monolaurin is present in the composition at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to percentage selected from but not limited to about 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.003, 0.004, 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008, 0.009, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 10%, 15% or more by weight of the composition.
[00045] In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a personal care composition comprising trilaurin at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to about 15% or more by weight of the composition.
[00046] In one embodiment, trilaurin is present at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to percentage selected from but not limited to about 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.003, 0.004, 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008, 0.009, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 10%, 15% or more by weight of the composition.
[00047] In an embodiment, the present disclosure provides a personal care composition comprising monolaurin at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to about 15% or more by weight of the composition and trilaurin at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to about 15% or more by weight of the composition.
[00048] In an embodiment, the personal care composition comprises monolaurin and trilaurin in the ratio of 1:9 to 9:1.
[00049] In an embodiment, the personal care composition comprises monolaurin and trilaurin in the ratio selected from 1:9, 1:8, 1:7, 1:6, 1:5, 1:4, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1 and 9:1.
[00050] In one specific embodiment, the personal care composition comprises monolaurin and trilaurin in the ratio selected from the range of 1:1 to 1:4.
[00051] In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a personal care composition comprising monolaurin as an active ingredient in combination with an additional one or more active ingredient(s).
[00052] In one embodiment, the additional active ingredient is selected from but not limiting to antimicrobial lipids, antimicrobial peptides, kopexil, minoxidil, niacinamide
[00053] In an embodiment, the additional active ingredient(s) is present in the composition at a concentration ranging from about 0.001% to about 30% or more by weight of the composition.
[00054] In one embodiment, the additional active ingredient is present in the composition at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to percentage selected from but not limited to about 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.003, 0.004, 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008, 0.009, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% or more by weight of the composition.
[00055] In one embodiment, the additional active ingredient is present in the composition over at least about 0.1%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% or 25% by weight of the composition.
[00056] In one embodiment, the personal care composition optionally comprises one or more of other additional agents selected from but not limited to cosmetically acceptable excipient(s), carrier(s), bae, vehicle(s), auxiliary agent(s), adjuvant(s), or the like.
[00057] In an embodiment, the cosmetically acceptable excipient(s), is selected from but not limiting to emulsifier(s), surfactant(s), water-soluble solvent(s), penetration enhancer(s), fragrance, preservative, thickening agent, gelling agent, chelating agent, and viscosity enhancer.
[00058] The personal care composition may additionally comprise other desired excipient or non-active agents.
[00059] The composition in accordance with the present disclosure comprises a suitable carrier or a base or vehicle for example one or more oils. The oils can be selected from and coconut oil, mineral oil and silicone oils. Silicone oil can be selected from methylpolysiloxane, methylphenylpolysiloxane, octamethylcyclo Tetrasiloxane, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, polyoxyethylene / methylpolysiloxane copolymer, poly (oxyethylene / oxypropylene) methylpolysiloxane copolymer, methylhydrogenpolysiloxane. Silicone oils include amino silicone oils (e.g., silicone polymers with primary amine functionality). Non-limiting examples of silicones include dimethiconol, dimethicone, and a mixture thereof. Non-limiting examples of amino silicone oils include amodimethicone, aminoethylaminopropyl dimethicone, aminopropyl dimethicone, and a mixture thereof. Other examples of oils can include hydrocarbons for example liquid paraffin, light liquid isoparaffin, squalane, or the like. Other components that may be included as an oil can be selected from fatty acid esters [isopropyl myristate, octyldodecyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate, isopropyl isostearate, isosetilate isostearate, Octyldodecyl isostearate, cetyl 2-ethylhexanoate, cetostearyl 2-ethylhexanoate, propylene glycol dicaprylate, di (caprylic / capric) propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol dicaprate, glyceryl tricaprylate, tri-2-ethylhexane Glyceryl acid, tri (capryl / capric acid) glyceryl, tetra-2-ethylhexanoic acid pentaerythritol, tetraisostearic acid Taerythritol, diisostearyl malate, di-2-ethylhexyl succinate, diethoxyethyl succinate, diisopropyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, dioctyl ether, or the like. The composition may alternately include solid oil for example shea butter, lanolin, phytosteryl oleate, and petrolatum.
[00060] The personal care composition in accordance with the present disclosure further comprises a suitable emulsifier(s). The emulsifiers chosen from nonionic emulsifiers, cationic emulsifiers, and mixtures thereof. Nonionic emulsifiers that may be included in the composition can be selected from but not limiting to fatty alcohols, alpha-diols and (C1-C24)alkylphenols, these may be alkoxylated, polyethoxylated, polypropoxylated and/or polyglycerolated, and containing at least one fatty chain comprising, for example, from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, the number of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide groups can range from 2 to 50, and for the number of glycerol groups can range from 2 to 30. Other emulsifier can be copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, optionally oxyethylenated sorbitan fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, polyoxyalkylenated fatty acid esters, polyoxyalkylenated fatty amides, optionally oxyalkylenated alkyl(poly)glucosides, alkylglucoside esters, derivatives of N-alkylglucamine and of N-acylmethylglucamine, aldobionamides, amine oxides and (poly)oxyalkylenated silicones. Suitable examples are oleth-10, oleth-20, laureth-12, trideceth-5, trideceth-10, steareth-20, and mixtures thereof. Other examples of nonionic emulsifiers can include fatty alcohols such as stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, cetearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, decyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. The nonionic emulsifiers can also be chosen from for example monooxyalkylenated or polyoxyalkylenated and monoglycerolated or polyglycerolated nonionic emulsifiers, and alkyl(poly)glucosides. The oxyalkylene units are more particularly oxyethylene or oxypropylene units, or a combination thereof. Exemplary nonionic emulsifiers may include: oxyalkylenated (C8-C24)alkylphenols; saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated C8-C40 alcohols; saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated C8-C30 amides; esters of saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, C8-C30 acids and of polyethylene glycols; saturated or unsaturated, oxyethylenated plant oils; condensates of ethylene oxide and/or of propylene oxide, alone or as mixtures; oxyethylenated and/or oxypropylenated silicones; and alkyl(poly)glucosides. Some other specific emulsifier may include monoglycerolated or polyglycerolated nonionic emulsifiers, monoglycerolated or polyglycerolated C8-C40 alcohols.
[00061] The personal care composition in accordance with the present disclosure may further comprise one or more surfactants. The surfactants may be of any nature for example cationic and/or nonionic. The surfactant can be selected from but not limiting to decaglycerol monostearate, distearate, tristearate, pentastearate, and diglyceryl monostearate.
[00062] The personal care composition may optionally include one or more water-soluble solvents. The term “water-soluble solvent” can also mean “water-miscible solvent” and such solvent means a compound that is liquid at 25° C. and at atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg), and it has a solubility of at least 50% in water under these conditions. The water-soluble solvent in some cases can have a solubility of at least 60%, 70%, 80%, or 90%. The organic solvents can be volatile or non-volatile compounds. The water-soluble solvents can be selected from but not limiting to glycerin, alcohols (for example, C1-30, C1-15, C1-10, or C1-4 alcohols), organic solvents, polyols (polyhydric alcohols), glycols (e.g., butylene glycol, caprylyl glycol, etc.), and a mixture thereof. The organic solvents can be selected from but not limited to monoalcohols and polyols such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, and phenylethyl alcohol, or glycols or glycol ethers such as, for example, monomethyl, monoethyl and monobutyl ethers of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or ethers thereof such as, for example, monomethyl ether of propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, dipropylene glycol as well as alkyl ethers of diethylene glycol, for example monoethyl ether or monobutyl ether of diethylene glycol. Organic solvents can also be ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, propane diol, and glycerin. Further non-limiting examples of water-soluble solvents include alkanediols such as glycerin, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, trimethylolpropane, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, pentaethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2-butene-1,4-diol, 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, (caprylyl glycol), 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, and 4-methyl-1,2-pentanediol; alkyl alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as ethanol, methanol, butanol, propanol, and isopropanol; glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, 1-methyl-1-methoxybutanol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, propylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, and dipropylene glycol mono-iso-propyl ether; 2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, formamide, acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, sorbit, sorbitan, acetine, diacetine, triacetine, sulfolane, and a mixture thereof. Polyhydric alcohols can include glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 2,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, polyethylene glycol, 1,2,4-butanetriol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, and a mixture thereof. Polyol compounds may also be used. Non-limiting examples include the aliphatic diols, such as 2-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-butanediol, 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,4-dimethyl-2,4-pentanediol, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol, 5-hexene-1,2-diol, and 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, and a mixture thereof.
[00063] In certain embodiment, the personal care composition may optionally include certain penetration enhancer(s) for example selected from but not limiting to chloroform, methyl isobutyl ketone, monoethanolamine, tetradecylmethyl sulfoxide, N- (2-Hydroxyethyl) pyrrolidone, dimethyl acetamide, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, clof acid amides Ironic, proteolytic enzymes, hexamethylene lauramide, terpenes and sesquiterpenes, alpha-bisbolol, dlimonene, and N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide.
[00064] The personal care composition in accordance with the present disclosure may further include adjuvant agent(s) that aid or complement activity of the active ingredients. The adjuvant for example may be antioxidant, vitamins, amino acids, blocking agents, moisturizer, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-ageing agent(s), sun screen agent, pH adjusters, salts, essential oils, terpenes, or the like or any other suitable adjuvant to impart desired characteristics.
[00065] A person skilled in the art will appreciate that many other types of excipients may be included in the compositions of the present disclosure.
[00066] All the excipients, adjuvants, carrier, other additional or optional ingredients can be included in the composition within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention.
[00067] In one specific embodiment, the personal care composition in accordance may be provided in the form suitable for topical application.
[00068] The personal care composition comprising monolaurin and trilaurin in accordance with the present disclosure can be provided in a suitable formulation for example in the form of an oil, emulsion, dispersion, biphasic, spray, cream, lotion, paste, gel, balm, mask, patch, film, or other desired form.
[00069] The personal care composition comprising monolaurin and trilaurin in accordance with the present disclosure can be provided in the form of formulation for hair care, scalp care or both selected from oil, tonic, shampoo, conditioner, or the like.
[00070] The personal care composition of the present disclosure can be provided in a desired form following suitable formulation technique that can provide a preparation having a desired concentration of active ingredient and high stability and action.
[00071] The personal care composition in accordance with the present invention can help provide one or more beneficial effect(s) to hair including protection of damage or further damage; reduce hair fall, greying, or the like; improve characteristics like smoothness, softness, lustre, texture, shine, elasticity, tensile strength, combability, moisture-retentivity, and appearance; manage and maintain said improved healthy characteristics of hair.
[00072] The personal care composition in accordance with the present invention can help provide one or more beneficial effect(s) to scalp for example reduce dryness, flakiness, itching, dandruff; improve moisture retention capacity, impart smooth feeling; maintain scalp microbiome; reduce inflammation; reduce damage or further damage caused; help manage and maintain improved healthy characteristics.
[00073] The personal care composition in accordance with the present invention can help provide one or more beneficial effect(s) to skin for example, protection from damage or reduce further damage; improve characteristics like smoothness, softness, moisture retention, elasticity/suppleness, and the like; improve appearance like skin colour, tone, texture, or the like; reduce spots, acne, marks, pigmentation, or the like; help manage and maintain said improved healthy characteristics of skin.
[00074] In an aspect of the present disclosure the composition While the foregoing description discloses various embodiments of the disclosure, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope of the disclosure. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.

EXAMPLES
[00075] The disclosure will now be illustrated with working examples, which is intended to illustrate the working of disclosure and not intended to take restrictively to imply any limitations on the scope of the present disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood to one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice of the disclosed methods and compositions, the exemplary methods, devices and materials are described herein. It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to particular methods, and experimental conditions described, as such methods and conditions may vary.

Example 1
Anti-inflammatory assay of personal care compositions of the present disclosure comprising monolaurin and trilaurin at different ratios
[00076] Cytotoxicity of the compositions comprising monolaurin and trilaurin at different concentrations and ratios ranging from 1:9 to 9:1; monolaurin and trilaurin individually at different concentrations; positive control (Dexamethasone) and Negative Control (LPS) were individually assessed on Keratinocytes using the manufacturer’s protocol. (MTT assay Kit No. V13154 by Invitrogen). Concentrations starting from 1% were diluted 10 folds in ethanol. 0.0001% concentration was found to be the highest non-cytotoxic concentration to keratinocytes.
[00077] Accordingly, experiments of anti-inflammatory assay were carried out using monolaurin and trilaurin at a combined concentration of 0.0001% with ratios ranging from 1:9 to 9:1. Cytokine level in the form of a cytokine (TNF-a) content as an inflammation marker was measured from the supernatant using ELISA kit RAB0467 by Sigma Aldrich. Average TNF-a content (in pg/ml) from 3 wells was calculated and compared with a positive control, dexamethasone. Readings were taken on Bio-Tek Cytation 3 (Agilent). Average values of cytokine from triplicate readings taken were plotted in a graph (Fig. 1).
[00078] As can be seen from Fig. 1 monolaurin and trilaurin individually at different concentrations ranging from 0.00001% to 0.0001% showed limited percentage reduction in inflammation, whereas the compositions as per the present invention comprising monolaurin at concentrations ranging from 0.00001% to 0.00008% and trilaurin 0.00001% to 0.00009% showed significantly enhanced reduction in percentage inflammation as compared to monolaurin and trilaurin individually at the same and even higher concentrations. The inventors of the present invention surprisingly found that the composition comprising monolaurin and trilaurin together at particular ratio, the composition unexpectedly exhibited the enhanced efficacy. The same was even higher than the positive control dexamethasone, which is a strong steroid and known to induce various side effects.
[00079] These results prove the compositions in accordance with the present invention to exhibit significantly enhanced efficacy in terms of improving inflammation of scalp or skin and thereby effective in hair and skin care.

Example 2
Hair Tress Analysis of compositions comprising monolaurin and trilaurin at different concentrations
[00080] Effect of compositions comprising monolaurin and trilaurin at different concentrations with a monolaurin and trilaurin at a ratio of 1:1, which was found to be the best as per Example 1 was determined for hair care by sensory evaluations in terms of smoothness and softness assessment as well as in terms of tensile strength of hair after treatment. For such assessments, following oil based formulations as per Table 1 were prepared, wherein the Formulation I was the placebo formulation comprising light liquid paraffin (LLP) as a base oil and Formulations II-VI were exemplary formulations comprising composition in accordance with the present invention.
Table 1: Composition of Formulations I-VI
Ingredients Formulations
I (Placebo)
% W/W II
% W/W III
% W/W IV
% W/W V
% W/W VI
% W/W
Monolaurin 0 0.5 1.0 2.5 7.5 15
Trilaurin 0 0.5 1.0 2.5 7.5 15
LLP* 100 99.0 98.0 95.0 85.0 70.0
* LLP: Liquid Light Paraffin (base oil)
[00081] Following methodologies were followed for different assessments:
1. Preparation of Hair Tresses:
20 cm long hair tresses sourced from a supplier were used for hair tress assessments. Hair tresses were divided into multiple swatches weighing 10 gm each. Hair swatches were stored under controlled environmental conditions of 65% RH and 25oC.
2. Hair tress Washing:
Simulating the surfactant wash of hair, the swatches were washed with 15% sodium lauryl ethyl sulphate (SLES) under controlled conditions as described below:
a) SLES Amount (15% SLES Solution) at 10% of weight of hair tress was used for washing.
b) For washing, regulated rubbing of swatches was carried with 5 strokes on each side of the swatch back and forth motion.
c) Rinsing of swatches was carried by rubbing each swatch 10 times on either side in back-and-forth motion (1 min) under flowing tap water.
d) Air drying of rinsed watch was carried out at 25 ±1 °C and 60±1% RH.
3. Hair Treatment:
a) Hair treatment involved dipping of 10 gm hair tresses into 50 ml of oil based formulations I to VI contained in a beaker.
b) The treated swatches were incubated overnight in a chamber with controlled humidity and temperature conditions (RH- 60% and Temperature- 25oC). The swatches are washed with 15% SLES after 12 hours and air dried.
4. Tress Assessments of Sensory Evaluations for Smoothness and Softness.
a) An in-house trained panel of 4 professionals were given the treated swatches for assessment.
b) 3 tresses per set were taken and were grouped with random codes.
c) Each group was assessed on a scale of 0-10 for parameters namely smoothness, and softness imparted by the respective formulation as per following definition:
i. Smoothness- Surface roughness of hair while fingers run through the tress
ii. Softness- Bounce of the tress and Stiffness when scrunched
iii. Results were plotted in a graph for smoothness in Figure 2a and for softness in Figure 2b.
5. Assessment of Tensile strength (% Increase in Toughness from Placebo):
i. 20 fibers per set of (Formulations II-VI) and placebo (Formulation I) were used for measurements.
ii. The hair strands were crimped to a length of 30 mm.
iii. The strands were then subjected to Tensile extensional testing using a Dia-Stron Mini Tensile Tester MTT175 wherein the strands were extended at a uniform strain rate until fibre fracture.
iv. The calculations were done using UV win software 2.0.6 using automatic analysis fibermode for single fiber.
v. Results assessments of % increase in toughness from placebo in terms of tensile strength were plotted in graph (Figure 3).
[00082] As can be seen from Figures 2a-2b and 3, Formulations (II-VI) comprising monolaurin and trilaurin at different concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 15% showed enhanced smoothness, softness, and tensile strengths over placebo Formulation (I). These assessments prove that the compositions comprising monolaurin and trilaurin are effective in improving sensory characteristics as well as strength thus improving overall hair quality.

Example 3
Formulations comprising compositions of the present invention
[00083] Following exemplary formulations for tonic and shampoo were prepared using compositions as per Tables 2 and 3 comprising monolaurin and trilaurin at a ratio of 1:1, which was determined to be the best as per Example 1:
Table 2: Formulation for Hair Tonic comprising composition as per the present invention:
Hair Tonic
Ingredient Category of Ingredient % w/w
Monolaurin Active ingredient 1
Trilaurin Active ingredient 1
Glycerine Humectant 1
Disodium EDTA Chelating Agent 0.1
Polyethylene glycol-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil (RH-40) Emulsifying agent 0.6
Fragrance Fragrance 0.5
Triethanolamine Buffer 1.2
Tween 80 Emulsifier 0.5
Tween 20 Emulsifier 1
Polyethylene glycol
(PEG 400) Emulsifier 0.5
Poly Propylene Glycol Humectant 0.8
Distilled Water - 91.8
[00084] Hair tonic was prepared using the above composition by weighing and mixing all the components as per the known protocol.

Table 3: Formulation for Hair oil comprising composition as per the present invention:
Hair Oil
Ingredient Category of Ingredient % w/w
Monolaurin Active ingredient 0.5
Trilaurin Active ingredient 0.5
Coconut oil Base 99
[00085] Hair oil was prepared using the above composition by weighing and mixing all the components as per the known protocol.

Table 4: Formulation for Shampoo comprising composition as per the present invention:
Shampoo
Ingredient Category of Ingredient % w/w
Monolaurin Active ingredient 15
Trilaurin Active ingredient 15
Sodium Lauryl ether Sulphate Surfactant 21
Carbomer (Acrypol 980) Viscosity Modifier 0.5
Sodium Hydroxide Neutralising agent 0.216
Cocamidopropyl Betaine Surfactant 3
Sodium Chloride Viscosity Modifier 2
Distilled Water - q.s.
[00086] Shampoo was prepared using the above composition by weighing and mixing all the ingredients as per the known protocol.

ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
[00087] The present disclosure provides novel composition comprising GRAS ingredient that is monolaurin as an active ingredient in combination with trilaurin at appropriates ranges to provide personal care products with desired activity attributes.
[00088] The present disclosure provides a personal care composition with surprisingly enhanced efficacy due to synergistic combination of monolaurin and trilaurin at particular ratios.
[00089] The personal care composition comprising monolaurin and trilaurin at defined ratios exhibit enhanced effect in reduction of inflammation thereby proving its suitability for effective scalp and skin care product.
[00090] The personal care composition of the present disclosure comprising monolaurin and trilaurin at defined ratios improve smoothness, softness as well as toughness of hair thereby demonstrating its effectiveness as hair care product.
[00091] The present disclosure provides a personal care composition comprising monolaurin and trilaurin in particular concentration ranges and ratios suitable for hair care, scalp care and/or skin care products.
[00092] From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that, although specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein merely for purposes of illustration, various modifications may be made without deviating from the disclosure of the present application and various embodiments disclosed and the same should not be construed so as to limit the scope of the invention or the appended claims in any way.

,CLAIMS:1. A personal care composition comprising monolaurin at a concentration ranging from about 0.0001% to about 15% by weight of the composition and trilaurin about 0.0001% to about 15% by weight of the composition and the ratio of monolaurin to trilaurin is in the range of 1:9 to 9:1.

2. The personal care composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of monolaurin and trilaurin is in the range of 1:1 to 1:4.

3. The personal care composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the monolaurin is present in the composition at a concentration range selected from 0.0001% to 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10% and 15% by weight of the composition.

4. The personal care composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the trilaurin is present at a concentration range selected from 0.0001% to 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10% and 15% by weight of the composition.

5. The personal care composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition includes additional active ingredient.

6. The composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the additional active ingredient is selected from antimicrobial lipid(s), antimicrobial peptide(s), kopexil, minoxidil, and niacinamide.

7. The personal care composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition includes additional agents selected from cosmetically acceptable excipient(s), carrier(s), base, vehicle(s), auxiliary agent(s), and adjuvant(s).

8. The composition as claimed in claim 7, wherein the carrier or a base or a vehicle is oil(s).
9. The composition as claimed in claim 7, wherein the cosmetically acceptable excipient(s), is selected from emulsifier(s), surfactant(s), water-soluble solvent(s), penetration enhancer(s), fragrance, preservative, thickening agent, gelling agent, chelating agent, and viscosity enhancer.

10. The composition as claimed in claim 7, wherein the adjuvant is selected from antioxidant, vitamins, amino acids, blocking agents, moisturizer, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-ageing agent(s), and sun screen agent.