Specification
Title of the invention: Composition for gel polymer electrolyte, gel polymer electrolyte prepared therefrom, and lithium secondary battery comprising the same
Technical field
[One]
Mutual citation with related applications
[2]
This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2017-0163676 filed on November 30, 2017, and all contents disclosed in the documents of the Korean patent application are included as part of this specification.
[3]
[4]
Technical field
[5]
The present invention relates to a gel polymer electrolyte composition, a gel polymer electrolyte prepared therefrom, and a lithium secondary battery including the same, and more particularly, a composition for a gel polymer electrolyte having improved high temperature stability, a gel polymer electrolyte prepared therefrom, and It relates to a lithium secondary battery including.
[6]
Background
[7]
As technology development and demand for mobile devices increase, the demand for secondary batteries as an energy source is rapidly increasing, and among these secondary batteries, lithium secondary batteries having a high energy density and voltage are commercialized and widely used.
[8]
In a lithium secondary battery, a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material are applied to a current collector with an appropriate thickness, or the active material itself is formed in a film shape of an appropriate length, and then wound or stacked together with a separator, which is an insulator, to manufacture an electrode assembly. It is manufactured by putting an electrode assembly in a similar container and then injecting an electrolyte.
[9]
Lithium metal oxide is used as the positive active material, and lithium metal, lithium alloy, crystalline or amorphous carbon or carbon composite is used as the negative active material. In addition, as the electrolyte, a liquid electrolyte, in particular, an ion conductive liquid electrolyte in which a salt is dissolved in a non-aqueous organic solvent has been mainly used.
[10]
Lithium metal oxide is used as the positive active material, and lithium metal, lithium alloy, crystalline or amorphous carbon or carbon composite is used as the negative active material. In addition, as the electrolyte, a liquid electrolyte, in particular, an ion conductive liquid electrolyte in which a salt is dissolved in a non-aqueous organic solvent has been mainly used.
[11]
However, as interest in energy storage technology is increasing in recent years, there is a demand for the development of secondary batteries that not only can be charged and discharged with small size and light weight and high capacity, but also have high temperature and high voltage safety.
[12]
On the other hand, when the secondary battery is driven at a high temperature and high voltage, the lithium secondary battery may frequently generate heat generation due to an increase in the internal temperature.However, a liquid electrolyte composed only of an organic solvent and a salt generally has low safety at high temperature, and is ignited once. When is started, there is a problem that combustion proceeds spontaneously even if the current supply is cut off from the outside.
[13]
In order to solve this problem, unlike a liquid electrolyte, it is necessary to develop a battery using a gel polymer electrolyte having excellent high-temperature safety by itself.
[14]
(Patent Document 0001) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0139827
[15]
Detailed description of the invention
Technical challenge
[16]
The present invention is to solve the above problems, a composition for a gel polymer electrolyte capable of improving the high temperature stability of a battery without deteriorating the performance of the battery, a gel polymer electrolyte prepared therefrom, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same It is to provide.
[17]
Means of solving the task
[18]
In one aspect, the present invention is a first oligomer represented by the following formula (1);
[19]
A second oligomer including a first repeating unit represented by the following formula 2a derived from a styrene monomer;
[20]
Polymerization initiator; Lithium salt; And a composition for a gel polymer electrolyte comprising a non-aqueous solvent:
[21]
[Formula 1]
[22]
[23]
In Formula 1,
[24]
Wherein A is a unit containing an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms in which at least one fluorine is substituted or unsubstituted,
[25]
The B and B'are each independently a unit containing an amide group,
[26]
The C and C'are each independently a unit containing a (meth)acrylate group,
[27]
M is an integer of 1 to 100.
[28]
[Formula 2a]
[29]
[30]
In Formula 2a, R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and a is an integer of 1 to 50.
[31]
[32]
Meanwhile, the second oligomer may further include at least one or more selected from the group consisting of a second repeating unit represented by Formula 2b below and a third repeating unit represented by Formula 2c below.
[33]
[Formula 2b]
[34]
[35]
In Formula 2b, R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and b is an integer of 1 to 50.
[36]
[Formula 2c]
[37]
[38]
In Formula 2c, R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and c is an integer of 1 to 50.
[39]
[40]
In one embodiment of the present invention, the second oligomer may include at least one selected from the group consisting of units represented by the following Formulas 2-1 and 2-2.
[41]
[Formula 2-1]
[42]
[43]
In Formula 2-1, d and e are each independently an integer of 1 to 50.
[44]
[Formula 2-2]
[45]
[46]
In Formula 2-2, f, g, and h are each independently an integer of 1 to 50.
[47]
[48]
In addition, the first oligomer of the present invention may include at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by 1-1 to 1-6.
[49]
[Formula 1-1]
[50]
[51]
[Formula 1-2]
[52]
[53]
[Formula 1-3]
[54]
[55]
[Formula 1-4]
[56]
[57]
[Formula 1-5]
[58]
[59]
[Formula 1-6]
[60]
[61]
Each of n1 to n6 is independently an integer of 1 to 30, and m is an integer of 1 to 100.
[62]
In another aspect, the present invention provides a gel polymer electrolyte prepared using the composition for a gel polymer electrolyte as described above, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
[63]
Effects of the Invention
[64]
The composition for a gel polymer electrolyte according to the present invention is used by mixing two or more oligomers having excellent electrochemical safety to form a polymer network, thereby improving the high temperature safety of a lithium secondary battery.
[65]
Best mode for carrying out the invention
[66]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail to aid understanding of the present invention.
[67]
The terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to their usual or dictionary meanings, and the inventor may appropriately define the concept of terms in order to describe his own invention in the best way. It should be interpreted as a meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that there is.
[68]
The terms used in the present specification are only used to describe exemplary embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[69]
In the present specification, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or "have" are intended to designate the presence of implemented features, numbers, steps, elements, or a combination thereof, and one or more other features or It is to be understood that the possibility of the presence or addition of numbers, steps, elements, or combinations thereof is not preliminarily excluded.
[70]
On the other hand, in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "*" means the same or different atoms or a connected portion between the terminal portions of the formula.
[71]
[72]
[73]
The composition for a gel polymer electrolyte according to the present invention comprises: a first oligomer; A second oligomer; Polymerization initiator; Lithium salt; And a non-aqueous solvent.
[74]
[75]
Oligomer
[76]
First, the oligomer is described. As described above, the oligomer of the present invention is composed of a first oligomer and a second oligomer.
[77]
[78]
First, the first and second oligomers may be three-dimensionally bonded through a polymerization reaction to form a polymer network, and the first oligomer includes an alkylene group, an amide group, and a (meth)acrylate group in which fluorine is substituted or unsubstituted. And, the second oligomer includes a first repeating unit derived from a styrene monomer.
[79]
[80]
Lithium secondary batteries can be classified into lithium ion batteries using a liquid electrolyte and lithium polymer batteries using a polymer electrolyte according to the type of electrolyte used.
[81]
However, when a liquid electrolyte is used, there is a high possibility that the electrode material is degraded and the organic solvent is volatilized, and there is a problem in safety such as combustion due to an increase in ambient temperature and the temperature of the battery itself. In particular, when the liquid electrolyte exceeds the flash point due to overheating, thermal runaway may occur. The thermal runaway phenomenon is known to occur at high temperatures through a chemical reaction with oxygen released from the positive electrode active material by the liquid electrolyte acting as a fuel such as oil in a high current, overcharge, and high temperature environment.
[82]
In order to solve this problem, when the battery is overheated to a certain temperature or higher, a protection circuit to cut off the current, a safety exhaust port, etc. can be used. There is this.
[83]
[84]
Therefore, in the present invention, it is intended to solve these problems by using a gel polymer electrolyte including a polymer network formed by three-dimensional bonding of the first and second oligomers. In the case of a gel polymer electrolyte formed by combining the first and second oligomers, the electrochemical stability is high due to low volatility even at high temperatures compared to the liquid electrolyte. In addition, when different types of first and second oligomers are used together as a co-oligomer, electrochemical stability is maintained by the first oligomer having an electrochemically stable structure, while the second oligomer is used. The modulus of the gel polymer electrolyte structure may be improved.
[85]
In addition, when two types of oligomers having different molecular weights are mixed, a polymer network can be formed quickly, and thus the conversion rate from oligomer to polymer can be improved.
[86]
On the other hand, not only the safety of the battery is improved by suppressing the electrochemical reaction occurring at the interface between the gel polymer and the anode, but also high temperature safety can be improved by reducing the amount of gas generated by the electrochemical reaction during high temperature storage.
[87]
[88]
Meanwhile, the first oligomer and the second oligomer may be included in a mass ratio of 97.5:2.5 to 2.5:97.5, preferably 70:30 to 30:70, more preferably 40:60 to 60:40. When the first and second oligomers are included in the mass ratio, electrochemical stability, modulus, and high temperature storage durability of the gel polymer formed of the oligomer may be improved.
[89]
[90]
The first oligomer may be represented by the following formula (1).
[91]
[Formula 1]
[92]
[93]
In Formula 1,
[94]
A is a unit containing an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms in which one or more fluorine is substituted or unsubstituted, and B and B'are each independently a unit containing an amide group, and C and C'are each independently It is a unit containing a (meth)acrylate group, and m is an integer of 1-100.
[95]
Meanwhile, m is preferably an integer of 1 to 50, more preferably an integer of 1 to 30. When m is within the above range, the first oligomer represented by Formula 1 has an appropriate weight average molecular weight (Mw).
[96]
At this time, in the present specification, the weight average molecular weight may mean a value in terms of standard polystyrene measured by GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatograph), and unless otherwise specified, the molecular weight may mean a weight average molecular weight. In this case, the weight average molecular weight may be measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). For example, after preparing a sample sample of a certain concentration, the GPC measurement system alliance 4 device is stabilized. When the device is stabilized, a standard sample and a sample sample are injected into the device to obtain a chromatogram, and then the weight average molecular weight is calculated according to the analysis method (system: Alliance 4, column: Ultrahydrogel linear x 2, eluent: 0.1M NaNO 3 ( pH 7.0 phosphate buffer, flow rate: 0.1 mL/min, temp: 40℃, injection: 100μL)
[97]
The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the first oligomer represented by Formula 1 may be adjusted by the number of repeating units, and may be about 1,000 to 20,000, specifically 1,000 to 15,000, and more specifically 1,000 to 10,000. When the weight average molecular weight of the first oligomer is within the above range, the volatility of the gel polymer electrolyte is low, so high temperature safety can be improved, the mechanical strength of the battery including the same can be effectively improved, and processability (formability) and battery A gel polymer electrolyte having improved stability and the like can be prepared.
[98]
Meanwhile, A is a unit containing an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms in which at least one fluorine is substituted or unsubstituted. The first oligomer functions as a radical scavenger by including the unit A.
[99]
For example, the unit A may include at least one or more of the units represented by the following formulas A-1 to A-6.
[100]
[Formula A-1]
[101]
[102]
[Formula A-2]
[103]
[104]
[Formula A-3]
[105]
[106]
[Formula A-4]
[107]
[108]
[Formula A-5]
[109]
[110]
[Formula A-6]
[111]
[112]
In Formulas A-1 to A-6, n1 to n6 are each independently an integer of 1 to 30. Meanwhile, the n1 to n6 may each independently be an integer of 1 to 25, more preferably each independently an integer of 1 to 20. When each of the n1 to n6 independently falls within the above range, an oligomer having a weight average molecular weight of a certain level may be formed, and resistance may be prevented from increasing.
[113]
[114]
In addition, the units B and B'are each independently a unit containing an amide group, and in implementing a gel polymer electrolyte using the first oligomer, the units B and B'have a function of controlling ion transport properties and controlling mechanical properties and adhesion. To give.
[115]
For example, the units B and B'may each independently include a unit represented by the following formula B-1.
[116]
[Formula B-1]
[117]
[118]
In Formula B-1,
[119]
R 1 is a linear or nonlinear alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylene group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted bicycloalkylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted bicycloalkylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or It is at least one selected from the group consisting of an unsubstituted aryl group, a unit represented by the following formula R 1 -1, and a unit represented by the following formula R 1 -2.
[120]
[Formula R 1 -1]
[121]
[122]
[Formula R 1 -2]
[123]
[124]
[125]
For another example, in Formula B-1,
[126]
R 1 may include at least one or more of the units represented by the following formulas R 1 -3 to R 1 -8.
[127]
[Formula R 1 -3]
[128]
[129]
[Formula R 1 -4]
[130]
[131]
[Formula R 1 -5]
[132]
[133]
[Formula R 1 -6]
[134]
[135]
[Formula R 1 -7]
[136]
[137]
[Formula R 1 -8]
[138]
[139]
In addition, the units C and C'are units including a (meth)acrylate group so that the first oligomer is bonded in a three-dimensional structure to form a polymer network. The units C and C'may be derived from a monomer containing at least one monofunctional or polyfunctional (meth)acrylate or (meth)acrylic acid in the molecular structure.
[140]
For example, the units C and C'may each independently include at least one or more of units represented by the following Formulas C-1 to C-5.
[141]
[Chemical Formula C-1]
[142]
[143]
[Formula C-2]
[144]
[145]
[Chemical Formula C-3]
[146]
[147]
[Chemical Formula C-4]
[148]
[149]
[Chemical Formula C-5]
[150]
[151]
In Formulas C-1 to C-5, each of R 2 may be independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
[152]
[153]
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first oligomer may be at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following Formulas 1-1 to 1-6.
[154]
[Formula 1-1]
[155]
[156]
[Formula 1-2]
[157]
[158]
[Formula 1-3]
[159]
[160]
[Formula 1-4]
[161]
[162]
[Formula 1-5]
[163]
[164]
[Formula 1-6]
[165]
[166]
Each of n1 to n6 is independently an integer of 1 to 30, and m is an integer of 1 to 100.
[167]
Meanwhile, m may be preferably an integer of 1 to 50, more preferably, an integer of 1 to 30.
[168]
Meanwhile, the first oligomer may be included in an amount of 0.5 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 1.0 to 20 parts by weight, more preferably 1.5 to 20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the composition for a gel polymer electrolyte. When the content of the first oligomer is less than 0.5 parts by weight, it is difficult to form a network reaction between the first oligomers or with the second oligomer to form a gel polymer electrolyte, and when the content of the first oligomer exceeds 20 parts by weight, the gel Since the viscosity of the polymer electrolyte exceeds a certain level, impregnation in the battery, wetting decrease, and electrochemical stability may be impaired.
[169]
[170]
The second oligomer may include a first repeating unit represented by the following Formula 2a derived from a styrene monomer. In the case of the first repeating unit derived from a styrene monomer, benzene having a resonance structure is included.In the case of benzene, when a radical is formed by the resonance structure, it acts as a radical scavenger to stabilize and fix the radical compound. High temperature safety can be improved since the ignition phenomenon induced by oxygen radicals can be suppressed by performing the process.
[171]
[Formula 2a]
[172]
[173]
In Formula 2a, R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and a is an integer of 1 to 50. Preferably, a may be an integer of 1 to 40, more preferably an integer of 1 to 30.
[174]
Meanwhile, the first repeating unit is derived from a styrene monomer and is not easily volatilized due to a relatively high boiling point. Accordingly, when the second oligomer including the first repeating unit and the first oligomer are formed together to form a polymer network to form a gel polymer electrolyte, high temperature safety may be improved compared to the case of using only one oligomer.
[175]
[176]
In addition, the second oligomer may further include at least one repeating unit selected from the group consisting of a second repeating unit and a third repeating unit.
[177]
The second repeating unit is a repeating unit containing a cyano group (-CN), and the cyano group is a hydrophilic group having multiple bonds and is coordinated with a lithium cation, and an oligomer and gel polymer electrolyte comprising the same The polarity of can be adjusted, and the ionic conductivity of the battery can be improved by inducing an increase in the dielectric constant, thereby improving the performance of the battery.
[178]
[179]
The second repeating unit may be represented by the following Formula 2b.
[180]
[Formula 2b]
[181]
[182]
In Formula 2b, R 4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and b is an integer of 1 to 50. Preferably, b may be an integer of 1 to 40, more preferably an integer of 1 to 30.
[183]
[184]
The third repeating unit is a repeating unit containing a carbon-carbon double bond (-C=C-), and it is possible to secure an ion transport path in the gel polymer electrolyte containing the lithium ions through interaction with lithium ions. It can be improved. In addition, the second oligomer including the third repeating unit may be more rigidly connected to the first oligomer to improve the physical strength of the finally formed gel polymer electrolyte.
[185]
The third repeating unit may be represented by the following Formula 2c.
[186]
[Formula 2c]
[187]
[188]
In Formula 2c, R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and c is an integer of 1 to 50. Preferably, c may be an integer of 1 to 40, more preferably an integer of 1 to 30.
[189]
For example, the second oligomer may include at least one selected from the group consisting of units represented by Formulas 2-1 and 2-2 below.
[190]
[Formula 2-1]
[191]
[192]
[Formula 2-2]
[193]
[194]
In Formulas 2-1 and 2-2, d, e, f, g, and h are each independently an integer of 1 to 50. Preferably, it may be an integer of 1 to 40, more preferably an integer of 1 to 30.
[195]
[196]
The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the second oligomer may be adjusted by the binding ratio between the first repeating unit, the second repeating unit, and the third repeating unit, and the number in each repeating unit constituting the second oligomer. , About 300 to 10,800, specifically 500 to 10,800, and more specifically 1,000 to 10,800. When the weight average molecular weight of the second oligomer is within the above range, the viscosity and ionic conductivity of the gel polymer electrolyte including the second oligomer is maintained at a certain level, so that the electrochemical safety of the gel polymer electrolyte including the second oligomer may be improved. .
[197]
[198]
Polymerization initiator
[199]
Next, the polymerization initiator will be described.
[200]
The polymerization initiator is for polymerizing the oligomer of the present invention to form a polymer network bonded in a three-dimensional structure, and conventional polymerization initiators known in the art may be used without limitation. The polymerization initiator may be a photo polymerization initiator or a thermal polymerization initiator depending on the polymerization method.
[201]
Specifically, the photopolymerization initiator is representative examples of 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone (HMPP), 1-hydroxy-cyclohexylphenyl-ketone, benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-1-[4-( 2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-2-methyl-1-propanone, oxy-phenylacetic acid 2-[2-oxo-2 phenyl-acetoxy-ethoxy]-ethyl ester, oxy-phenyl-acet Tic 2-[2-hydroxyethoxy]-ethyl ester, alpha-dimethoxy-alpha-phenylacetophenone, 2-benzyl-2-(dimethylamino)-1-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl ]-1-butanone, 2-methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-(4-morpholinyl)-1-propanone, diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -Phosphine oxide, bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenyl phosphine oxide, bis(ethane 5-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl), bis[2,6-difluoro- 3-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl] titanium, 4-isobutylphenyl-4'-methylphenyliodonium, hexafluorophosphate, and methyl benzoyl formate. I can.
[202]
In addition, the thermal polymerization initiators are representative examples thereof, benzoyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide. , t-butyl peroxy-2-ethyl-hexanoate, cumyl hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide, 2,2'- Azobis (2-cyanobutane), 2,2'-azobis (methylbutyronitrile), 2,2'-azobis (isobutyronitrile) (AIBN; 2,2'-Azobis (iso-butyronitrile) )) and at least one selected from the group consisting of 2,2'-azobisdimethyl-valeronitrile (AMVN; 2,2'-Azobisdimethyl-Valeronitrile).
[203]
The polymerization initiator is decomposed by heat of 30 to 100 in the battery or decomposed by light such as UV at room temperature (5 to 30) to form a radical, and a cross-linked bond is formed by free radical polymerization to form an oligomer. It can be made to be polymerized.
[204]
Meanwhile, the polymerization initiator may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the first oligomer and the second oligomer. When the content of the polymerization initiator is used within the above range, the amount of unreacted polymerization initiator which may adversely affect battery performance can be minimized. In addition, when the polymerization initiator is included within the above range, gelation may be appropriately performed.
[205]
[206]
Lithium salt
[207]
Next, the lithium salt will be described.
[208]
The lithium salt is used as an electrolyte salt in a lithium secondary battery and is used as a medium for transferring ions. Typically, the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , CF 3 SO 3 Li, LiC(CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 , LiC 4 BO 8 , LiTFSI, LiFSI, and LiClO 4At least one compound selected from the group consisting of may be included, and preferably LiPF 6 may be included, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[209]
On the other hand, the lithium salt may be included in 0.5 to 5M, preferably 0.5 to 4M. If the content of the lithium salt is less than the above range, the concentration of lithium ions in the electrolyte is low, so that the battery may not be properly charged and discharged.If the content of the lithium salt exceeds the above range, the viscosity of the gel polymer electrolyte increases, resulting in a decrease in wetting within the battery. Can deteriorate battery performance.
[210]
[211]
Non-aqueous solvent
[212]
Next, a non-aqueous solvent will be described.
[213]
In the present invention, the non-aqueous solvent is an electrolyte solvent commonly used in lithium secondary batteries, for example, ethers, esters (Acetates, Propionates), amides, linear carbonates or cyclic carbonates, nitriles (acetonitrile, SN, etc.) And the like may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[214]
Among them, a carbonate-based electrolyte solvent including a carbonate compound, which is typically a cyclic carbonate, a linear carbonate, or a mixture thereof, may be used.
[215]
Specific examples of the cyclic carbonate compound include ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), 1,2-butylene carbonate, 2,3-butylene carbonate, 1,2-pentylene carbonate, 2,3-pentylene There is a single compound or a mixture of at least two or more selected from the group consisting of carbonates, vinylene carbonates, and halides thereof. In addition, specific examples of the linear carbonate compound include dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), methylpropyl carbonate (MPC), and ethylpropyl carbonate (EPC). A compound selected from the group consisting of or a mixture of at least two or more may be representatively used, but is not limited thereto.
[216]
In particular, among the carbonate-based electrolyte solvents, propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate, which are cyclic carbonates, are highly viscous organic solvents and can be preferably used because they dissociate lithium salts in the electrolyte well due to their high dielectric constant. These cyclic carbonates include ethylmethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate. Alternatively, if a low viscosity, low dielectric constant linear carbonate such as dimethyl carbonate is mixed and used in an appropriate ratio, an electrolyte solution having a high electrical conductivity can be prepared, and thus it may be more preferably used.
[217]
In addition, as esters in the electrolyte solvent, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, γ-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone, γ-caprolactone, α-valerolactone And ε-caprolactone may be used a single compound or a mixture of at least two or more selected from the group consisting of, but is not limited thereto.
[218]
[219]
In addition to the components described above, the composition for a gel polymer electrolyte according to an embodiment of the present invention includes other additives that can implement these properties known in the art in order to increase the efficiency of the oligomer polymer network formation reaction and reduce resistance. , Inorganic particles, etc. may be optionally further contained.
[220]
As the other additives, for example, VC (Vinylene Carbonate), VEC (vinyl ethylene carbonate), PS (Propane sultone), SN (succinonitrile), AdN (Adiponitrile), ESa (ethylene sulfate), PRS (Propene Sultone) , FEC(fluoroethylene carbonate), LiPO 2 F 2 , LiODFB(Lithium difluorooxalatoborate), LiBOB(Lithium bis-(oxalato)borate), TMSPa(3-trimethoxysilanyl-propyl-N-aniline), TMSPi(Tris(trimethylsilyl) Phosphite) And LiBF 4 additives can all be applied.
[221]
In addition, as the inorganic particles, BaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 , Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) having a dielectric constant of 5 or more , Pb 1-a La a Zr 1-b Ti b O 3 (PLZT, where, 0
[225]
Hereinafter, a gel polymer electrolyte according to the present invention will be described.
[226]
According to one embodiment of the present invention, it is a gel polymer electrolyte prepared using the gel polymer electrolyte composition.
[227]
Conventional gel polymer electrolytes have a problem in that ionic conductivity and the like are lower than that of liquid electrolytes, and stability and mechanical properties are relatively weak when compared to solid polymer electrolytes.
[228]
However, in the gel polymer electrolyte according to the present invention, the unit A containing an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms in which fluorine is substituted or unsubstituted, the units B and B′ each independently containing an amide group, each independently (meta) The first oligomer including the units C and C′ including an acrylate group and the second oligomer including the first repeating unit derived from a styrene-based monomer form a polymer network, thereby improving ionic conductivity and mechanical properties. In addition, due to low volatility, electrochemical safety and high temperature safety can be improved.
[229]
[230]
Meanwhile, the gel polymer electrolyte according to the present invention is formed by polymerizing a composition for a gel polymer electrolyte according to a conventional method known in the art. In general, the gel polymer electrolyte can be prepared by in-situ polymerization or coating polymerization.
[231]
More specifically, in-situ polymerization is the step of inserting (a) an electrode assembly consisting of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode into a battery case, and (b) the present invention in the battery case. This is a method of preparing a gel polymer electrolyte through the step of polymerizing after injecting the composition for a gel polymer electrolyte according to the method.
[232]
The in-situ polymerization reaction in the lithium secondary battery is possible through E-BEAM, gamma ray, room temperature/high temperature aging process, and according to an embodiment of the present invention may be performed through thermal polymerization or photopolymerization. In this case, the polymerization time may take about 2 minutes to 12 hours, the thermal polymerization temperature may be 30 to 100, and the photopolymerization temperature may be room temperature (5 to 30).
[233]
More specifically, in the in-situ polymerization reaction in a lithium secondary battery, the gel polymer electrolyte composition is injected into a battery cell, and then gelled through a polymerization reaction to form a gel polymer electrolyte.
[234]
In another method, the gel polymer electrolyte composition is coated on one surface of an electrode and a separator, cured (gelled) using heat or light such as UV, and then the electrode and/or separator on which the gel polymer electrolyte is formed is wound or It is also possible to manufacture an electrode assembly by stacking it, insert it into a battery case, and re-inject an existing liquid electrolyte.
[235]
[236]
[237]
[238]
Next, a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention will be described. A secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a gel polymer electrolyte. Since the gel polymer electrolyte is the same as described above, a detailed description will be omitted.
[239]
[240]
anode
[241]
The positive electrode may be prepared by coating a positive electrode mixture slurry including a positive electrode active material, a binder, a conductive material, and a solvent on the positive electrode current collector.
[242]
The positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical changes to the battery, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, or carbon on the surface of aluminum or stainless steel. , Nickel, titanium, silver, or the like may be used.
[243]
The positive electrode active material is a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium, and specifically, may include a lithium composite metal oxide containing lithium and at least one metal such as cobalt, manganese, nickel or aluminum. have. More specifically, the lithium composite metal oxide is a lithium-manganese oxide (eg, LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4, etc.), a lithium-cobalt oxide (eg, LiCoO 2, etc.), a lithium-nickel oxide (E.g., LiNiO 2 ), lithium-nickel-manganese oxide (e.g., LiNi 1-Y1 Mn Y1 O 2 (here, 0