FORM - 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
[Section 10]
1. COMPOSITION FOR THICKENING AGENT FOR TEXTILE PRINTING
2. (A) ENCORE NATURAL POLYMERS PRIVATE LIMITED (B) 227/233 GIDC ESTATE
NARODA
AHMEDABAD - 382330 GUJARAT, INDIA (C) NATIONALITY AN INDIAN.
The following specification particularly describes and ascertains the nature of the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

COMPOSITION FOR THICKENING AGENT FOR TEXTILE
PRINTING
Field of Invention
The present invention relates to COMPOSITION FOR THICKENING AGENT FOR TEXTILE PRINTING, wherein synthesized hydroxyethyl ether of tamarind gum (HET) is used as thickening agent in textile printing. More particularly, the invention relates to a textile printing comprising such thickening composition, and use thereof.
Background
Tamarind seed polysaccharide is the major constituent of seeds from the tree Tamarinds indica. Tamarind kernel powder (TKP) is a rich source of xyloglucan gum. The chemical structure of the tamarind seed xyloglucan backbone is (1, 4)-β-D-glucose and is partially substituted with (1, 6)-α-xylopyranose. In addition, some xylose residue is further substituted with β-galactose. Tamarind seed powder is obtained by grinding the seeds of tamarind from which the testa is removed.
In literature many reaction product prepared by subjecting a guar gum, starch and cellulose to hydroxyalkylation or carboxymethylation or a reaction product prepared by subjecting a tamarind seed powder to only carboxymethylation is useful as a

thickening agent for industrial pastes, for example, printing paste in textile industries and binding paste in paper industry. When the above mentioned products are used in a printing paste, they are poor in compatibility with acid dyes or metal complex dyes, since they react with such dyes to gel and they all are too costly. However other disadvantage is in the burn-out and discharge printing the thickening agents are form a gel in the presence of chemicals such as acid type chemical salt i.e. Sodium bisulfate, sodium sulfate and reducing agent i.e. stannous chloride, sulfoxylate formaldehyde, etc. The choice of a polymer is made on the basis of its performance and, if more than one product can satisfy industrial requirements, on the basis of its cost. To over came the above limitation the present invention is used new ether derivative of Tamarind seed powder as hydroxyethyl Tamarind (HET) particular used as a thickening agent in printing paste for textile industry.
Summary of invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a thickening agent for paste, especially a printing paste, which has a good compatibility with a variety of acid dyes, burn out printing, discharge printing and is capable of imparting good levelling property, colour strength and wash-off property to the paste.

It has been found out that the above mentioned objects can be accomplished by a thickening agent for pates which comprises a hydroxyethyl derivative of Tamarind seed powder (HET). In the burn-out and discharge printing the thickening agent of hydroxyethyl tamarind (HET) is not form a gel in the presence of chemicals such as acid type chemical salt i.e. Sodium bisulfate, sodium sulfate and reducing agent i.e. stannous chloride , sulfoxylate formaldehyde, etc
Object of invention
The main object of the invention to provide a thickening agent for paste, especially a printing paste, which has a good compatibility with a variety of acid dyes, burn out printing, discharge printing and is capable of imparting good levelling property, colour strength and wash-off property to the paste in textile Industries. Further object of the present invention is in the burn-out and discharge printing the thickening agent of hydroxyethyl tamarind (HET) is not form a gel in the presence of chemicals such as acid type chemical salt i.e. Sodium bisulfate, sodium sulfate and reducing agent i.e. stannous chloride, sulfoxylate formaldehyde, etc
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in more details clearly with reference to following description, which illustrates a preferred

embodiment of the present invention and wherein, the hydroxyethyl tamarind (HET) which is used in the practice of this invention is a water soluble. The hydroxyethyl tamarind (HET) can be utilized as thickening agent in the desired printing paste, it can be used in combination with one or more natural or synthetic gums. It is known to thicken dyestuff solutions or dispersions for the printing and dyeing of textile substrates by means of natural polysaccharides or their derivatives. Such natural polysaccharides or their derivatives thereof, used in textile finishing are obtained from, e.g., starch, alginate, transparent gum or galactomannan gum. Unmodified tamarind is insoluble in cold water so cold water solubility, or improved cold water solubility, can be achieved by chemical derivatization or in some cases, by mechanical or thermal decomposition. While tamarind gum is only soluble in hot water, the alkyl ether i.e hydroxyethyl tamarind (HET) has good solubility in cold and hot water.
The viscosity of the hydroxyethyl tamarind (HET) according to invention remains stable for several hours on keeping in closed autoclaves, both in the neutral and in the strongly alkaline region, and at above at a temperature above 120°C.
Tamarind seed polysaccharide is the major constituent of seeds from the tree Tamarindus indica. In India approximately 3-5 lakhs tonn tamarind kernel powder was produced per year. Tamarind cultivation was concentrated in the southern states of India. The

seeds contain xyloglucans and are used extensively as food thickeners, stabilizers and gelling agents while derivative of this used as a thickening agent in printing paste as a replacement for starches and galactomannans. The hydroxyethyating reaction was carried out in a solid phase under an alkaline condition with a ethylene oxide. Usually the hydroxyethylation is carried out by using the hydroxyalkylating agent such as ethylene oxide in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10-30% by weight per the amount of a tamarind used. The resulting product used as thickening agent.
The thickening agent of the present invention is usually used in the form of paste. The paste is prepared by adding water to the thickening agent to achieved specific viscosity. If needed, a variety of usual additives may be added to the paste. Example of additives are dyes pigments and dying auxiliaries such as pH adjusting agent, reduction preventing agent, dye dissolution agent, leveling agent, penetrating agent, anti-foaming agent and pre-treating agent. The thickening agent of the present invention does not absolutely react with such additives.
The thickening agent of the present invention sufficiently exhibits its excellent effects even when used alone and that it exhibits a Brookfield viscosity at 25°C, 20 rpm and 9 to 13% by weight is 35,000-40,000 mPas.

The present invention is more particularly described and explained by means of the following examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and not be construed to limit the scope of the invention. It is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
The viscosity, unless otherwise stated was measured on a Brookfield RV-III viscometer at 25°C and 20 rpm with the suitable spindle.
Example 1
100 parts of tamarind kernel powder are fed into a suitable steel reactor able to resist pressure of up to 10 atm and into the reactor spraying solution with 3-4 % by weight of tamarind of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) dissolved in 20 to 35 ml of water. The mixture is agitated at temperature 35 to 45°C for 40-60 minute. After 40-60 minutes of stirring, the reactor is evacuated and filled three time nitrogen and pressure set up to 1 atm and then cooled up to 35°C. 10-15% by weight of tamarind of ethylene oxide (EO) was added gradually within 30 min. The reaction mixed for a further 30-60 minute at a reaction temperature of 35°-65°C. The reaction mixture, is then cooled up to 60° C, then added 1-2 % of chlorocressol as a preservative and then neutralized by phosphoric acid (50%). The reaction mixture is then cooled at 35° to 45° C, and then the reacted hydroxyethyl tamarind (HET) was grind, drying and sieving.

The viscosity (9 % in water, measured on Brookfield rotary viscometer RV III, spindal 6, 25° C, and 20 rpm) was about 35,000-40,000 mPas.
Example 2
100 parts of tamarind kernel powder are fed into a suitable steel reactor able to resist pressure of up to 10 aim and into the reactor spraying solution with 3% by weight of tamarind of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The mixture is agitated at temperature 40 to 50°C for 30 minute. After 30 minute of reaction spraying solution with 3-4 % by weight of tamarind of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) dissolved in 20 to 35 ml of water, then the alkylation reaction carried out at 40-60°C for 40-60 min. After 40-60 minutes of stirring, the reactor is evacuated and filled three time nitrogen and pressure set up to 1 atm and then cooled up to 35°C 10-15% by weight of tamarind of ethylene oxide (EO) was added gradually within 30 min. The reaction mixed for a further 30-60 minute at a reaction temperature of 35°-65° C. The reaction mixture is then cooled up to 60° C, then added 1-2 % of chlorocressol as a preservative and then neutralized by phosphoric acid (50%). The reaction mixture is then cooled at 35° to 45° C, and then the reacted hydroxyethyl tamarind (HET) was grind, drying and sieving.

The viscosity (13 % in water, measured on Brookfield rotary viscometer RV III, spindal 6, 25° C, and 20 rpm) was about 35,000-40,000 mPas.
Example 3
100 parts of tamarind kernel powder are fed into a suitable steel reactor able to resist pressure of up to 10 atm and into the reactor spraying solution with 1.5 to 2.0% by weight of tamarind of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The mixture is agitated at temperature 40 to 50°C for 30 minute. After 30 minute of reaction spraying solution with 3-4 % by weight of tamarind of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) dissolved in 20 to 35 ml of water, then the alkylation reaction carried out at 40-60°C for 40-60 min. After 40-60 minutes of stirring, the reactor is evacuated and filled three time nitrogen and pressure set up to 1 atm and then cooled up to 35°C. 10-15% by weight of tamarind of ethylene oxide (EO) was added gradually within 30 min. The reaction mixed for a further 30-60 minute at a reaction temperature of 35°-65° C. The reaction mixture is then cooled up to 60° C, then added 1-2 % of chlorocressol as a preservative and then neutralized by phosphoric acid (50%). The reaction mixture is then cooled at 35° to 45° C, and then the reacted hydroxyethyl tamarind (HET) was grind, drying and sieving.

The viscosity (10 % in water, measured on Brookfield rotary viscometer RV III, spindal 6, 25° C, and 20 rpm) was about 35,000-40,000 mPas.
Example 4
Tests for compatibility, leveling property and wash-off property: Each of the thickening agents obtained in example 1 to example 3 having viscosity of 35,000 to 40,000 mPas in the form of a 9% to 13% by weight aqueous solution were mixed with water to prepare stock pastes having specific concentration. In the case of using the tamarind kernel powder alone which was not dissolved into water at room temperature, water was added to the tamarind kernel powder and the resultant was heated at 75°C for 30 minute to dissolve the tamarind kernel powder. The viscosity of a 4% by weight is 5,000-8,000 mPas.
The following tests were carried out examine the applicability of the obtained stock pastes to acid dyes, burn out and discharge printing. Employing each stock paste, diluted up to 8000-10000 mPas viscosity to prepare a color paste having the following formulation was prepared and the compatibility with the acid dyes.

TABLE 1
Component % by weight
Telon green M50W/ 1

Isolan scarlet 2SL
Urea 5
Ammonium sulfate 2
Acetic acid 1
Diethylene glycol (DEG) 1
Water 4
Diluted stock paste of HET 86
Total 100
The obtained color pastes were observed by the naked eye. All stock pastes employing the thickening agents of the invention gave uniform color pastes and were good in compatibility with acid dye. Employing each of color pastes obtained above, a nylon jersey cloth and a silk cloth were printed through a flat screen for test use (100 meshes). The printed cloth was dried at 70°C for 5 minutes. Steamed at 98-100°C for 30 minutes and washed with water for 15 minutes. Then the cloth was soaped in a solution sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) at 60°C for 10 minutes, washed with water and dried. Thus obtained printed cloth was observed with respect to the leveling property and the wash-off property.
All color pastes employing the thickening agents of the invention were excellent in leveling property and wash-off property. With respect to the color pastes employing the thickening agents other

than that of the invention, tests for those properties were not carried out, since their poor compatibility was already confirmed.
Example 5
Test for leveling property and wash-off property in burn-out
printing:
Burn-out is typically used on specially constructed composite
fabrics. These are fabrics composed of cellulose/synthetic blends or
cellulose/protein blends. During the burn-out process the cellulose
fibers are physically burned out of the composite fabric with acid,
leaving the rest of the fabric intact. This print is not possible on 100%
cotton fabric. The best composition for this burn out print is 60%
polyester and 40% cotton fabric. This print is also possible on 60%
cotton and 40% polyester. The printing factory makes this print with
the flat bed printing machine. The printing way of this print is same
as a normal flat bed print, just printers use acid type chemical
instead of color.
The main technique of burnout print is destroys the cotton portion of
the fabric with Acid / Chemical, when the chemical flow over the
fabric and contact with cotton portion, then it burn-out the cotton by
chemical reaction. Actually cotton is the victim here.
Employing each stock paste, diluted up to 10000-12000 mPas
viscosity to prepare a paste having the following formulation was
prepared and the compatibility with burn-out printing.

TABLE 2

Component % by weight
Glycerin 2
Sodium bisulfate 18
Diluted stock paste of HET 80
Total 100
Employing of each of the formulated pastes obtained above, the printing of blended cloth i.e cellulose/synthetic blends was printed through a flat screen for test use (100 meshes). The printed cloth was dried at 98-100°C for 5 to 10 minutes and then washed with water and washed by soda ash. Perform the print on this fabric. Here, the cotton part will be destroyed by the acid but polyester portion will be remaining same. Thus obtained printed cloth was observed with respect to the burn-out property, leveling property and wash-off property.
All burn-out pastes employing the thickening agents of the invention were excellent in leveling property and wash-off property. There is not observed the gelling formation of thickening agents in the presence of acid type chemical salt i.e. Sodium bisulfate, sodium sulfate etc. Example 6
Test for leveling property and wash-off property in discharge printing:

Discharge ink is a water based product that is formulated to deactivate the dyes used on natural fabrics. Discharge screen printing can be used to print colors on dark garments that in the past would have required an additional layer of white ink in order to achieve proper opacity of top colors.
As the \effect colors of printing in the case of color discharge printing where color effects are desired, there may be employed acid dyes and direct dyes. However, in the case of a polyester/cellulosic blend fabric, in combination with the acid dyes or direct dyes, disperse dyes may be employed.
Reducing agents usable for the discharge printing include stannous chloride, sulfoxylate formaldehtde. However in the case of color discharge printing, it is desirable, from the point of view of the stability of the dyes to be used to employ stannous chloride which is a moderate reducing agent. Stannous chloride may preferably be employed in an amount of 5 to 20% by weight per 100 parts by weight of the printing paste.
Employing each stock paste, diluted up to 10000-12000 mPas viscosity to prepare a paste having the following formulation was prepared and the compatibility with discharge printing.

TABLE 2
Component % by weight
Glycerin 2
Stannous chloride (SnCl2) 20

Diluted stock paste of HET 78
Total 100
Employing of each of the formulated pastes obtained above, the printing of blended cloth i.e cellulosne/synthetic blends was printed through a flat screen for test use (100 meshes). The printed cloth was dried at 98-100°C for 5 to 10 minutes, steamed at 170-180°C for 7 minutes and then washed with water and washed by soda ash. Perform the print on this fabric. Thus obtained printed cloth was observed with respect to the discharge property, leveling property and wash-off property.
All above formulated pastes employing the thickening agents of the invention were excellent in leveling property and wash-off property. There is not observed the gelling formation of thickening agents in the presence of reducing agent i.e. stannous chloride (SnCh).

We claim:
1. COMPOSITION OF THICKENING AGENT FOR TEXTILE
PRINTING comprise a hydroxyethyl tamarind (HET) and
natural or synthetic gums
Wherein tamarind kernel powder or tamarind gum (HET) which have lower molar substitution is added as thickening agent in the desired printing paste for textile printing; Wherein the burn-out and discharge printing the thickening agent of are not form a gel in the presence of chemicals such as acid type chemical salt i.e. Sodium bisulfate, sodium sulfate and reducing agent i.e. stannous chloride , sulfoxylate formaldehyde, etc.
Wherein textile fibers comprise synthetic fibers, natural fibers, a mixture of synthetic and natural fibers.
2. COMPOSITION OF THICKENING AGENT FOR TEXTILE PRINTING as claimed in claim 1 wherein the thickening agent of claim which is used for a printing paste.
3. COMPOSITION OF THICKENING AGENT FOR TEXTILE PRINTING as claimed in claim 1 wherein the hydroxyethyating reaction was carried out in a solid phase under an alkaline condition with a ethylene oxide.

4. COMPOSITION OF THICKENING AGENT FOR TEXTILE PRINTING as claimed in claim 3 wherein the hydroxyethylation is carried out by using the hydroxyalkylating agent such as ethylene oxide in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10-30% by weight per the amount of a tamarind used.
5. COMPOSITION OF THICKENING AGENT FOR TEXTILE PRINTING as claimed in claim 4 wherein the resulting product used as thickening agent.
6. A method for COMPOSITION OF THICKENING AGENT contains following steps
adding water to the thickening agent paste to achieved
specific viscosity;
then a variety of usual additives may be added to the paste (if
required).
7. COMPOSITION OF THICKENING AGENT FOR TEXTILE
PRINTING as claimed in claim 6 wherein additives are dyes
pigments and dying auxiliaries such as pH adjusting agent,
reduction preventing agent dye dissolution agent, leveling
agent, penetrating agent, anti-foaming agent and pre-treating
agent.

8. COMPOSITION OF THICKENING AGENT FOR TEXTILE PRINTING as claimed in claim 7 wherein the thickening agent of the does not absolutely react with such additives.
9. COMPOSITION OF THICKENING AGENT FOR TEXTILE PRINTING as claimed in claim 1 wherein thickening dyestuff composition hydroxyethyl tamarind (HET) is used for the acid dyes printing, burn-out and discharge printing of textile