COMPRESSION SET DOWNHOLE CLUTCH
FIELD
[0001] The subject matter herein generally relates to a downhole tool, in
particular the downhole tool is controlling torque loads between two different
segments of a drillstring.
BACKGROUND
[0002] I n completing a well, a well operator can install casing in a well
bore. The casing sometimes has different inside diameters along a length of
the well. The change in inside diameter can require that the operator use a
sufficiently small diameter drillstring to fit inside the smallest inside diameter
of the casing, or to use a number of different diameter pipes of different
lengths to reach the bottom of the well.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0003] Implementations of the present technology will now be described,
by way of example only, with reference to the attached figures, wherein :
[0004] FIG. 1 is an example of a subterranean well and a compression set
downhole clutch in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
[0005] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a compression set downhole
clutch when in tension in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
[0006] FIG. 3 is an partial cross-sectional view of a compression set
downhole clutch when in tension in accordance with another exemplary
embodiment;
[0007] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of A-A as shown in FIG. 3 in
accordance with another exemplary embodiment;
[0008] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of B-B as shown in FIG. 3 in
accordance with another exemplary embodiment;
[0009] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a lower body of a compression set
downhole clutch when in tension in accordance with another exemplary
embodiment;
[0010] FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a compression set
downhole clutch hydraulic member when in tension in accordance with
another exemplary embodiment;
[001 1] FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of a compression set
downhole clutch hydraulic member when in compression in accordance with
another exemplary embodiment.
[0012] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a lower body of a compression set
downhole clutch when in compression in accordance with another exemplary
embodiment;
[0013] FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a compression set
downhole clutch when in compression in accordance with another exemplary
embodiment; and
[0014] FIG. 11 is an example of a method according to an exemplary
embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] I t will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration,
where appropriate, reference numerals have been repeated among the
different figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. I n
addition, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a
thorough understanding of the embodiments described herein. However, the
embodiments described herein can be practiced without these specific details.
I n other instances, methods, procedures and components have not been
described in detail so as not to obscure the related relevant feature being
described. Also, the description is not to be considered as limiting the scope
of the embodiments described herein. The drawings are not necessarily to
scale and the proportions of certain parts have been exaggerated to better
illustrate details and features of the present disclosure.
[0016] In the following description, terms such as "upper," "upward,"
"lower," "downward," "above," "below," "downhole," "uphole," "longitudinal,"
"lateral," and the like, as used herein, shall mean in relation to the bottom or
furthest extent of, the surrounding wellbore even though the wellbore or
portions of it may be deviated or horizontal. Correspondingly, the transverse,
axial, lateral, longitudinal, radial, etc., orientations shall mean orientations
relative to the orientation of the wellbore or tool. Additionally, the illustrated
embodiments are illustrated such that the orientation is such that the righthand
side is downhole compared to the left-hand side.
[0017] Several definitions that apply throughout this disclosure will now
be presented. The term "coupled" is defined as connected, whether directly
or indirectly through intervening components, and is not necessarily limited to
physical connections. The connection can be such that the objects are
permanently connected or releasably connected. The term "inside" indicate
that at least a portion of a region is partially contained within a boundary
formed by the object. The term "substantially" is defined to be essentially
conforming to the particular dimension, shape or other word that
substantially modifies, such that the component need not be exact. For
example, substantially cylindrical means that the object resembles a cylinder,
but can have one or more deviations from a true cylinder. The term "fluid
communication" is defined as allowing fluid to flow between the components
either directly or indirectly through additional components. The term
"around" is defined as being substantially on every side of at least a portion
of an object.
[0018] The present disclosure is described in relation to an exemplary
compression set downhole clutch (hereinafter a "clutch"), which can
selectively disengage a portion of the drillstring downhole of the clutch. The
clutch can be configured to disengage when a compressive load is present at
the clutch. The compression of the clutch can occur when the drillstring
contacts either the bottom of the hole or when a portion of the clutch
contacts a neck down region of a casing or a wellbore. Prior to the clutch's
being under compression, the clutch can be in tension due to the weight of
the drillstring downhole of the clutch. When in tension, the clutch can
transmit torque to the drillstring downhole of the clutch. In this
configuration, the drillstring above and below the clutch can rotate at
substantially the same speed.
[0019] The presently disclosed clutch can also be configured so that it can
be cycled from an engaged configuration to a disengaged configuration and
from the disengaged configuration to the engaged configuration. The clutch
can be configured so that when the clutch experiences a compression that is
greater than a predetermined pressure, the clutch disengages. The clutch
can be further configured so that the clutch re-engages once the compression
pressure is less than the predetermined pressure. In other embodiments, the
clutch can remain disengaged until the predetermined pressure is
substantially released. For example, the clutch can remain disengaged until
less than twenty-five percent of the predetermined pressure is present.
[0020] The predetermined pressure can be determined and set in
dependence upon the intended operation parameters of the clutch. For
example, in a well that has been cased, it can be necessary to clean the well
prior to production. The casing of the well can neck down from a first inside
diameter to a second inside diameter that is smaller than the first inside
diameter. If a drillstring is inserted into the casing, the drillstring must
likewise change diameters. If a portion of the drillstring impacts the neck
region, the impact can cause the lower portion of the drillstring to be sheared
off from the upper portion of the drillstring. With the present clutch coupling
an upper portion of the drillstring with the lower portion of the drill string, the
clutch can be configured to disengage the lower portion of the drillstring when
a compressive pressure is exceed. The present clutch can be implemented in
other environments in which is desirable to disengage a portion of the
drillstring from a rotating portion of the drill string in response to a
predetermined pressure's being exceeded. While a predetermined pressure is
described herein, the present disclosure can also be described in terms of a
predetermined force, since the area of interest can be known.
[0021] A clutch can comprise an upper body comprising at least one
engagement surface. The clutch can also comprise a lower body comprising
at least one engagement surface. Still further, the clutch can comprise the
engagement surface of the upper body and engagement surface of the lower
body wherein each are configured to couple and rotate in unison until a
predetermined compression load is reached. The clutch can further comprise
a hydraulic member configured to be responsive to a predetermined pressure,
the hydraulic member being configured to disengage the engagement surface
of the upper body from the engagement surface of the lower body.
[0022] The hydraulic member can comprise a relief valve member. The
hydraulic member can also comprise a first relief valve and a second relief
valve, the first relief valve having a first pressure setting corresponding to the
predetermined pressure and the second relief valve having a second pressure
setting that is less than the first pressure setting. In at least one
embodiment, the first relief valve and the second relief valve can be formed
as one valve such that flow in a first direction corresponds to the first
pressure setting and flow in a second direction corresponds to the second
pressure setting. The remainder of the disclosure generally refers to a first
relief valve and a second relief valve, but these can be combined into a single
valve. In at least one embodiment, the second relief valve can be described
as a check valve that has a low cracking pressure. For example, the cracking
pressure can be less than 7000 pascals or about one pound per square inch.
I n other examples, the low cracking pressure can be 2000 pascals or about
one third of a pound per square inch. The hydraulic member can further
comprise a first hydraulic chamber and a second hydraulic chamber which are
in fluid communication. The first relief valve and the second relief valve
couple the first hydraulic chamber to the second hydraulic chamber.
[0023] The lower body can disengage from the upper body in response to
the first relief valve allowing fluid to flow into the second hydraulic chamber
from the first hydraulic chamber. The second relief valve can be configured
to allow fluid to flow from the second hydraulic chamber into the first
hydraulic chamber if the pressure is less than the first predetermined
pressure. The first hydraulic chamber can be located uphole relative to the
first relief valve and relative to the second relief valve. The second hydraulic
chamber can have a movable seal located downhole relative to the first relief
valve and relative to the second relief valve. The moveable seal can be
configured to prevent a pressure differential from building within the second
hydraulic chamber by allowing the seal to move and thereby adjust to the
surrounding pressure outside of the second hydraulic pressure chamber. The
second relief valve can be configured to communicate the pressure change
experienced by the second hydraulic chamber to the first hydraulic chamber.
[0024] The hydraulic member can further comprise a thrust bearing
configured to take up thrust when the lower body is disengaged from the
upper body. The hydraulic member can further comprise a plunger piston
configured to expand in response to the compression load. The thrust
bearing can couple with the plunger piston. The clutch can be configured to
stroke inwardly in response to the compression load becoming equal to the
predetermined compression load, wherein the upper body and lower body
engagement surfaces disengage in response to the clutch stroking inwardly.
[0025] Referring to FIG. 1, an example of a well according to the present
technology is illustrated. As illustrated, the borehole 20 extends into the
earth from the surface 10. A casing 30 can be installed within the
borehole 20 and extends into the earth from the surface 10. A drillstring 40
extends through the casing 30 and includes a clutch 100. Between
borehole 20 and casing 30 form an outer annulus 50 that can be filled with
cement when the casing 30 is completely installed within the borehole.
Between casing 30 and the drillstring 40 is an inner annulus 60. The
clutch 100 can be located where a drillstring necks down such that it joins an
upper drillstring 42 having a first outer diameter to a lower drillstring 44
having a second outer diameter, the second outer diameter being smaller
than the first outer diameter. The drillstring 40 can further include a cleaning
tool 70 located at a distal downhole end of the drillstring 40. In at least one
embodiment, the cleaning tool 70 can be a drill bit.
[0026] Referring to FIG. 2, a partial view of a clutch 100 in tension, in
accordance with an exemplary embodiment, is presented. The clutch 100 can
include an upper body 201 and a lower body 202. The upper body 201 can
be configured to at least partially cover the lower body. The upper body 201
can include at least one engagement surface 204. In at least one
embodiment, the at least one engagement surface 204 can be formed on an
interior 270 of the upper body 201 . In one embodiment, the upper body 201
can be machined so that the at least one engagement surface 204 is formed
on the interior 270. I n other embodiments, the at least one engagement
surface 204 can be coupled to an interior 270 of the upper body 201 .
[0027] The at least one engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201
can be configured to couple with at least one engagement surface 203 of the
lower body 202. The at least one engagement surface 204 of the upper body
201 can be configured to matingly couple with a corresponding one of the at
least one engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202. When the clutch
100 is in tension, the at least one engagement surface 204 of the upper body
201 can be engaged with the at least one engagement surface 203 of the
lower body 202. The engagement surfaces (203, 204) can be configured to
transfer torque from the upper body 201 to the lower body in the tension
configuration or the engaged configuration.
[0028] The engagement surfaces (203, 204) can be configured to provide
for effective transfer of torque between the upper body 201 and the lower
body 202. For example, the at least one engagement surface 204 of the
upper body 201 can be at least one spline. In at least one embodiment, the
at least one spline can be a trapezoidal prism in shape. The present
disclosure contemplates that the at least one engagement surface 204 of the
upper body 201 can have different shapes configured to provide for effective
transfer or torque, for example, raised ridges, straight splines, triangular
prism shapes and other suitable shapes.
[0029] Similarly, at least one engagement surface 204 of the lower
body 202 can be at least one spline. In at least one embodiment, the at least
one spline can be a trapezoidal prism in shape. The present disclosure
contemplates that the at least one engagement surface 203 of the lower body
202 can have different shapes configured to provide for effective transfer of
torque, for example, raised ridges, straight splines, triangular prism shapes
and other suitable shapes.
[0030] In at least one embodiment, the at least one engagement
surface 204 of the upper body 201 can comprise a first row 250 and a second
row 260 of engagement surfaces 204. In at least one embodiment, the first
row 250 and the second row 260 can comprise splines. In other
embodiments, the first row 250 and the second row 260 can comprise any of
the above described shapes. Additionally, in at least one embodiment, the
shape of the at least one engagement surface 204 in the first row 250 can be
different from the shape of the at least one engagement surface 204 in the
second row 260. In other embodiments, such as the one illustrated, the at
least one engagement surface 204 in the first row 250 can be substantially of
the same shape of the at least one engagement surface 204 in the second
row 260. In at least one embodiment, the first row 250 can comprise four
members and the second row 260 can comprise four members. The number
of members of each row (250, 260) can be selected based on the diameter of
the upper body 201 .
[0031] In at least one embodiment, the at least one engagement
surface 203 of the lower body 202 can comprise a first row 252 and a second
row 262 of engagement surfaces 203. In at least one embodiment, the first
row 252 and the second row 262 can comprise splines. In other
embodiments, the first row 252 and the second row 262 can comprise any of
the above described shapes. Additionally, in at least one embodiment, the
shape of the at least one engagement surface 203 in the first row 252 can be
different from the shape of the at least one engagement surface 203 in the
second row 260. In other embodiments, such as the one illustrated, the at
least one engagement surface 203 in the first row 252 can be substantially of
the same shape of the at least one engagement surface 203 in the second
row 262. In at least one embodiment, the first row 252 can comprise four
members and the second row 262 can comprise four members. The number
of members of each row (252, 262) can be based on the diameter of the
upper body 201 or lower body 202. While the remaining description is
generally presented with respect to at least one engagement surface 204 of
the upper body 201 and at least one engagement surface 203 of the lower
body 202, it can be appreciated that details described above can be
implemented in the embodiments presented herein.
[0032] The clutch 100 can also comprise a hydraulic member 205. The
hydraulic member 205 can be configured to be responsive to a predetermined
pressure. The hydraulic member 205 can also be configured to disengage the
at least one engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201 from the at least
one engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202. The hydraulic member
205 can be configured to disengage and reengage the engagement surfaces
(203, 204) of the upper body 201 and lower body 202 based on the
compressive force experienced by the clutch 100.
[0033] The hydraulic member 205 can comprise a relief valve
member 210, which can be activated at the predetermined pressure. The
predetermined pressure as described herein is a pressure that the clutch is
configured to disengage. As mentioned above, this predetermined pressure
can be in response to the clutch 100 being compressed as it is placed on a
collar of a necked region of a wellbore or casing. The clutch 100 can be
configured to be responsive to other types of compressive pressure as well.
[0034] I n at least one embodiment, the hydraulic member 205 can
comprise a first relief valve 212 and a second relief valve 214. The first relief
valve 212 can have a first pressure setting corresponding to the
predetermined pressure. The second relief valve 214 can have a second
pressure setting that is less than the first pressure setting. I n at least one
embodiment, the first relief valve can comprise a ball and a biasing member,
for example a spring. The pressure that the biasing member supplies to the
ball can be chosen based on the desired disengagement pressure. I n at least
one embodiment, the pressure can be 2000 pounds per square inch (psi) or
about 13.8 megapascal (MPa) gauge pressure. The pressure is described in
terms of gauge pressure, as the clutch 100 is configured to operate in
downhole environments which are subject to pressures in excess of 10,000
psi or about 69 MPa. I n at least one embodiment, the second pressure
setting can correspond to substantially zero gauge pressure. I n this
configuration, the second relief valve 214 allows for the hydraulic member
205 to return to the engaged configuration. I n at least one embodiment, the
second relief valve can be described as a check valve that has a low cracking
pressure. For example, the cracking pressure can be less than 7000 pascals
or about one pound per square inch. I n other examples, the low cracking
pressure can be 2000 pascals or about one third of a pound per square inch.
[0035] The configuration of the first relief valve 212 and the second relief
valve 214 can be configured so that the clutch can remain disengaged until
substantially all of the pressure on the clutch is released. For example, the
clutch can remain disengaged until less than twenty-five percent of the
predetermined pressure is present. I n yet other embodiments, the clutch
remains disengaged until less than ten percent of the predetermined pressure
is present on the clutch. In yet other embodiments, the clutch remains
disengaged until the clutch returns to a state in which no predetermined
pressure is present on the clutch. In other embodiments, the clutch can be
configured to be re-engaged when the pressure on the clutch is less than the
predetermined pressure.
[0036] The hydraulic member 205 can also comprise a first hydraulic
chamber 220 and a second hydraulic chamber 222. The second hydraulic
chamber 222 can be in fluid communication with the first hydraulic
chamber 220 so that fluid can be exchanged between the first hydraulic
chamber 220 and the second hydraulic chamber 222, when the
predetermined pressure is exceeded. Once pressure is less than the
predetermined pressure, the fluid can be exchanged between the second
hydraulic chamber 222 and the first hydraulic chamber 220, until the
clutch 100 returns to the tension or engaged configuration. Thus, the
hydraulic member 205 can be further configured to reengage the at least one
engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201 with the at least one
engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202, when a pressure on the
clutch 100 is less than the predetermined pressure.
[0037] In at least one embodiment, a first relief valve 212 and a second
relieve valve 214 can couple the first hydraulic chamber 220 to the second
hydraulic chamber 222. The lower body 202 can be disengaged from the
upper body 201 in response to the first relief valve 212 opening at the
predetermined pressure and allowing fluid to flow into the second hydraulic
chamber 222 from the first hydraulic chamber 220. When the compressive
pressure is removed, the second relief valve 214 can be set to allow fluid to
flow from the second hydraulic chamber 222 into the first hydraulic
chamber 220 in the event that the pressure is less than the first
predetermined pressure. As illustrated the first hydraulic chamber 220 can
be located uphole relative to the first relief valve 212 and the second relief
valve 214.
[0038] In at least one embodiment, the first hydraulic chamber 220 and
the second hydraulic chamber 222 can be configured to change dimensions.
For example, the first hydraulic chamber 220 can have a larger volume in a
tension or engaged configuration as compared to the volume of the first
hydraulic chamber 220 in the compressed or disengaged configuration.
Similarly, the second hydraulic chamber 222 can have larger volume in a
compressed or disengaged configuration as compared to the volume of the
second hydraulic chamber 222 in the tension or engaged configuration. As
the clutch 100 transitions from the each configuration, the volumes of the
respective first hydraulic chamber 220 and the second hydraulic chamber 222
can change in unison.
[0039] In order to provide for the volume change in the second hydraulic
chamber 222, the second hydraulic chamber 222 can include a movable
seal 224 that can be located downhole relative to the first relief valve 212 and
the second relief valve 214. The movable seal 224 can provide a bottom of
the second hydraulic chamber 222. The movable seal 224 can be configured
for sliding engagement of inside of the upper body 20 1. In at least one
embodiment, the moveable seal 224 can be a T-seal. The moveable seal 224
as described substantially maintains pressure equilibrium between the second
hydraulic chamber 222 and the outside of the second hydraulic chamber 222.
For example, higher external pressure acting on the moveable seal 224 can
cause the seal to slide upward, thereby reducing the size of the second
hydraulic chamber 222. By having the moveable seal 224 act in this manner,
the second hydraulic chamber 222 is enabled to continue to operate at
various depths in the downhole environment, depths which cause substantial
changes in downhole pressure acting on the moveable seal 222. The
moveable seal 224 can prevent premature motion or stroking of the tool due
which could otherwise be caused by an imbalance between the internal
pressure in the first hydraulic chamber 220 and the external pressure, or an
imbalance between the internal pressure in the second hydraulic chamber
222 and the external pressure. Additionally, the second relief valve 214 can
be configured to communicate changes in external pressure to the first
hydraulic chamber 220. Additionally, the moveable seal 224 allows for
movement of fluid from the first hydraulic chamber 220 to the second
hydraulic chamber in response to the predetermined pressure. Likewise, the
moveable seal 224 further allows the second hydraulic chamber 222 to
decrease in volume as fluid flows from the second hydraulic chamber 222 into
the first hydraulic chamber 220.
[0040] The first hydraulic chamber 220 can be at least partially formed by
a plunger piston 240. In at least one embodiment, the plunger piston 240
can be configured to collapse in response to the compression load. The
collapse of the plunger piston 240 causes the at least one engagement
surface 204 of the upper body 201 and the at least one engagement surface
203 of the lower body 202 to disengage from one another. The piston
plunger 240 can include a shaft 242. The shaft can be configured to be
received by an aperture 282 formed in the lower body 202. The aperture 282
can likewise be configured to receive the shaft 242. The shaft 242 can
extend in a longitudinal direction from the plunger portion 240, so that the
shaft 242 is aligned with an axial direction 290 of the clutch 100.
[0041] While a hydraulic member 205 has been presented herein, the
present disclosure also contemplates implementation with other types of
biasing members instead of the hydraulic member 205. The biasing member
could be configured to selectively disengage the lower body 202 from the
upper body 201 as described above. For example, a spring based biasing
member can be implemented in place of the hydraulic member 205. In other
embodiments, an additional biasing member can be in included in addition to
the hydraulic member 205.
[0042] In at least one embodiment, the clutch 100 can be configured to
allow fluid to pass therethrough. When, the clutch is configured to allow fluid
to pass therethrough, the shaft 242 of the plunger 240 can have an aperture
243 formed therethrough. Additionally, an aperture 282 can be formed in the
lower body 202 and through the lower body 202 in an axial direction 290,
thereby allowing fluid to flow through the clutch 100. For example, in some
embodiments, a drilling fluid can be passed through the clutch 100. In other
embodiments, a cleaning fluid can be passed through the clutch 100.
[0043] The clutch 100 can further include a thrust bearing 230 configured
to take up thrust when the lower body 202 is disengaged from the upper
body 201 . In at least one embodiment, the thrust bearing 230 can be
coupled to a plunger piston 240. The thrust bearing 230 can be configured to
take up a thrust load of a drillstring above the clutch 100.
[0044] The additional figures presented herein provide further details
regarding certain components of the clutch 100 as well as illustrate the clutch
100 in a compressed or disengaged configuration. While the compressed
configuration is described herein as being a disengaged configuration and the
tension configuration as being the engaged configuration, the present
disclosure can be implemented in reverse.
[0045] FIG. 3 illustrates a partial cross-sectional view of a clutch 100 in
tension, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. The upper body 201
and lower body 202, as shown, are in a tension configuration or an engaged
configuration. The at least one engagement surface 203 of the lower
body 202 and the at least one engagement surface 204 of the upper
body 201 are engaged. In at least one embodiment, the at least one
engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202 and the at least one
engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201 can be locked or substantially
coupled whereby the upper body 201 and lower body 202 rotate together
ensure there is no slipping from upper drillstring and lower drillstring.
[0046] A detailed cross-sectional view of the relief valve member 210 is
also presented in FIG. 3. As illustrated, the relief valve member 210 can
include a first relief valve 212 and a second relief valve 214. The first relief
valve can be coupled to a second hydraulic chamber 222 by a first duct 213.
The first duct 213 allows fluid to flow from the first relief valve 212 into the
second hydraulic chamber 222. While a first duct 213 is illustrated, other
examples including having the first relief valve in immediate communication
the second hydraulic chamber 222. Additionally, other components can
couple the first relief valve 212 to the second hydraulic chamber 222 in
addition to the first duct 213. Also as illustrated, a second duct 215 can be
provided to couple the second relief valve 214 to the second hydraulic
chamber 222. The second duct 215 allows fluid to flow from the second
hydraulic chamber 222 into the second relief valve 214. Additionally, in at
least one embodiment, the relief valve 214 can be directly coupled to the
second hydraulic chamber 222. In other embodiments, additional
components can couple the second relief valve 214 to the second hydraulic
chamber 222.
[0047] As further illustrated in FIG. 3, the second hydraulic chamber 222
can have a bottom formed by a moveable seal 224. The moveable seal 224
can have form a boundary between the second hydraulic chamber 222 and
region of the compression set down clutch 100 that is open to surrounding
environment. The second hydraulic chamber 222 can include an engagement
surface portion 216 that is around the at least one engagement surface 204
of the upper body 201 and the at least one engagement surface 203 of the
lower body 202. This portion 216 can provide for lubrication of the at least
one engagement surface of the upper body 201 and the at least one
engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202.
[0048] The at least one engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201
can include a first row 250 and a second row 260. The at least one
engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202 can include a first row 252
and a second row 262.
[0049] Referring to FIG. 4, a cross-sectional view of A-A as indicated in
FIG. 3 is illustrated in accordance with another exemplary embodiment. The
cross-section A-A is of the at least one engagement surface 204 of the upper
body 201 and the at least one engagement surface 203 of the lower
body 202. As illustrated, the at least one engagement surface 204 of the
upper body 201 comprises four engagement surfaces 204. The engagement
surfaces 204 can be in the form of a spline. Likewise the at least one
engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202 comprises four engagement
surfaces 203, which can be in the form of a spline. As illustrated, the faces of
the splines (203, 204) are configured to substantially matingly engage with
one another to enable transfer of torque from the upper body 201 to the
lower body 202, when the clutch 100 is in an engaged configuration.
[0050] Referring to FIG. 5, a cross-sectional view of B-B as shown in
FIG. 3 is illustrated in accordance with another exemplary embodiment. The
cross-section B-B is of the portion of the upper body 201 and lower body 202
that does not have at least one engagement surface (203, 204) in the
engaged configuration. In at least one embodiment, the at least one
engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201 can occupy the region
between the upper body 201 and the lower body 202 in the disengaged
configuration.
[0051] Referring to FIG. 6, a partial perspective view of a lower body of a
clutch 100 in an engaged configuration 102 is illustrated in accordance with
another exemplary embodiment. The lower body 202 can have at least one
engagement surface 203 located at an exterior thereof to engage with at
least one engagement surface 204 of the upper body (not shown). As
illustrated, a first row 250 of at least one engagement surfaces 204 of the
upper body and a second row 260 of at least one engagement surface 204 of
the upper body is illustrated. In the illustrated example, the first row 250
includes four engagement surfaces 204 of the upper body and the second row
260 includes four engagement surfaces 204 of the upper body. The clutch
100 can also include a first row 252 of at least one engagement surface 203
of the lower body 202 and a second row 262 of at least one engagement
surface 203 of the lower body 202. While two rows are illustrated, the
number of rows can vary depending on one or more of: the required torque
to be transmitted, material properties, the diameter of the upper body 201,
and the diameter of the lower body 202. As illustrated, the at least one
engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202 and the at least one
engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201 can be splines, as described
above.
[0052] FIG. 6 also illustrates the plunger piston 240. The plunger
piston 240 includes a shaft 242 that extends therefrom. The plunger
piston 240 can include a head 244 that can have a face that is configured to
couple or contact a corresponding face on the upper body 201 . The plunger
piston 240 can also include a seal 246 that seals the first hydraulic chamber
at a top side. Additionally, a thrust bearing 230 can be coupled to the bottom
side of the head 244 of the plunger piston 240. Additionally, as illustrated
the clutch 100 can include a first relief valve 212 that has an opening into the
first hydraulic chamber and a second relief valve 214 that has an opening into
the first hydraulic chamber. In at least one embodiment, the clutch 100 can
include a pair of first relieve valves 212 and a pair of second relief valves 214.
In other embodiments, other numbers of relief valves (212, 214) can be
present; the number of the first relief valves 212 does not need to match the
number of second relief valves 214. When a pair of first relief valves 212 and
a pair of second relief valves 214 are provided, this provision allows for
higher flow area as well as provides redundancy, which can be beneficial if
one of either pair of valves (212, 214) should fail.
[0053] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, a partial cross-sectional view of a
clutch 100 is illustrated. In particular, the partial cross-sectional view focuses
on the hydraulic member 210 in an engaged configuration 102 (FIG. 7) and a
disengaged configuration 104 (FIG. 8). As illustrated in the engaged
configuration 102, the piston plunger 240 is extended. The top face 244 of
the piston plunger is configured to engage with the upper body 201 . The
piston plunger 240 can further include a seal 246 which forms an upper
boundary of the first hydraulic chamber 220. The plunger piston 240 also
includes a shaft 242 that extends therefrom. Also, a fluid fill port 225 can be
provided to fill the first hydraulic chamber 220. Also, the first relief valve 212
can couple the first hydraulic chamber 220 to the second hydraulic chamber
222. As illustrated, a first duct 213 allows fluid to flow from the first relief
valve 212 into the second hydraulic chamber 222. Additionally, a second
relief valve 214 can be provided. A second duct 215 can be provided to
couple the second relief valve 214 to the second hydraulic chamber 222.
[0054] Also, a thrust bearing 230 is located on the underside of the
head 244 of the plunger piston 240. As illustrated in FIG. 7, the thrust
bearing 230 is not active in that it does not take up any thrust. The at least
one engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201 is shown as being
engaged with the first engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202. As
shown, the first engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201 is in a first
row 250 and the first engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202 is in a
first row 252.
[0055] Once the predetermined pressure on the clutch 100 is reached, the
plunger piston collapses the first hydraulic chamber 220 as the first relief
valve 212 opens thereby allowing fluid to flow from the first hydraulic
chamber 220 into the second hydraulic chamber 222.
[0056] Once the first hydraulic chamber 220 has been substantially
emptied, the clutch 100 transforms to the disengaged configuration as
illustrated in FIG. 8. As illustrated in FIG. 8, the first engagement
surface 204 of the upper body 201 is in a first row 250 and the first
engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202 is in a first row 252.
However, the first engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201 is free to
rotate without contacting the first engagement surface 203 of the lower body
202. Additionally, the thrust bearing 230 contacts the relief valve member
210. The thrust bearing 230 is configured to take up the thrust of the upper
body 201 .
[0057] The clutch 100 can be returned to an engaged configuration 102,
when the predetermined pressure is removed from the clutch 100 thereby
allowing fluid to again fill the first hydraulic chamber 220 by passing through
the second relief valve 214. In this way, the clutch 100 can be cycled a
number of times.
[0058] Referring to FIG. 9, a partial perspective view of a lower body of a
clutch 100 in a disengaged configuration 104 is illustrated. The lower
body 202 can have at least one engagement surface 203 located at an
exterior thereof to engage with at least one engagement surface 204 of the
upper body (not shown). As illustrated, a first row 250 of at least one
engagement surfaces 204 of the upper body and a second row 260 of at least
one engagement surface 204 of the upper body is illustrated. In the
illustrated example, the first row 250 includes four engagement surfaces 204
of the upper body and the second row 260 includes four engagement surfaces
204 of the upper body. The clutch 100 can also include a first row 252 of at
least one engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202 and a second row
262 of at least one engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202. While
two rows are illustrated, the number of rows can vary depending on one or
more of: the required torque to be transmitted, material properties, the
diameter of the upper body 201, and the diameter of the lower body 202. As
illustrated, the at least one engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202
and the at least one engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201 can be
splines, as described above.
[0059] In the disengaged configuration 104, the at least one engagement
surface 204 of the upper body 201 is free to rotate without contacting the at
least one engagement surface 203 of the lower body 202. In this way, the
upper body 201 can continue to rotate without transferring torque or rotation
motion to the lower body 202.
[0060] FIG. 9 also illustrates the plunger piston 240 in a collapsed
configuration such that the shaft of the plunger piston 240 is not visible as
compared with FIG. 6. Additionally, the thrust bearing that can be coupled to
an underside of the head 244 of the plunger piston can contact the lower
body 202 at relief valve member. Additionally, to seal the first hydraulic
chamber at a top side a seal 246 can be provided.
[0061] Referring to FIG. 10, a cross-sectional view of a clutch 100 in a
disengaged configuration 104 is illustrated. The lower body 202 can have at
least one engagement surface 203 located at an exterior thereof to engage
with at least one engagement surface 204 of the upper body (not shown). As
illustrated, a first row 250 of at least one engagement surfaces 204 of the
upper body and a second row 260 of at least one engagement surface 204 of
the upper body is illustrated. In the illustrated example, the first row 250
includes four engagement surfaces 204 of the upper body and the second row
260 includes four engagement surfaces 204 of the upper body. The clutch
100 can also include a first row 252 of at least one engagement surface 203
of the lower body 202 and a second row 262 of at least one engagement
surface 203 of the lower body 202. In the disengaged configuration 104, the
at least one engagement surface 204 of the upper body 201 is free to rotate
without contacting the at least one engagement surface 203 of the lower
body 202. In this way, the upper body 201 can continue to rotate without
transferring torque or rotation motion to the lower body 202.
[0062] More details regarding the relief valve member 210 are illustrated
in FIG. 10, including the first relief valve 212 and the second relief valve 214.
Additionally, the first duct 213 and the second duct 215 are further
illustrated.
[0063] FIG. 11 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a method 1100
according to the present disclosure. The method 1100 can be carried out
using the clutch and tool as described above. Each block shown in FIG. 11
can represent one or more processes, methods or subroutines, carried out in
the example method 1100.
[0064] The method 1100 can start with coupling an upper body to a lower
body of a compression set downhole clutch (block 1102). In other
embodiments, the method can start with the upper body disengaged from the
lower body. The coupling of the upper body to a lower body can be through a
coupling member. When the upper body is coupled to the lower body, the
clutch can be described as being in an engaged configuration. The coupling
of the lower body to the upper body can be as described above. For example,
in the engaged configuration, at least one engagement surface of the upper
body is configured to couple with a corresponding engagement surface of the
lower body. In at least one example, the engagement surfaces are on
interference members that form a splined connection between the upper and
lower bodies that permits reciprocation, but prevents relative rotation of
the bodies.
[0065] The method 1100 can further include receiving pressure at a
hydraulic member (block 1104). The pressure received at the hydraulic
member can be in response to a compressive force being applied upon the
clutch-including tool. For example, the received pressure can be in response
to the tool coming into contact with a collar or other restriction in the casing
or borehole. Additionally, in at least one example, the received pressure can
be in response to compressing the drillstring once the bit or other tool on a
distal end contacts the bottom of the borehole.
[0066] The method 1100 can further include determining if the received
pressure is greater than a predetermined pressure (block 1106). The
determination that the pressure is greater than a predetermined pressure can
be made using a first relief valve that has a first pressure setting. The first
pressure setting can correspond to the predetermined pressure. Additionally,
the determination that the pressure is greater than a predetermined pressure
can be made by a hydraulic member. In at least one embodiment, the
hydraulic member can include a first relief valve. The present method 1100
can be further adapted in view of the clutch and tool as described above.
[0067] The method 1100 can further include disengaging the upper body
from the lower body when the received pressure is greater than the
predetermined pressure (block 1108). As described above, disengagement of
the upper body from the lower body can be responsive to the hydraulic
member which permits motion of the upper body relative to the lower body.
When the upper body moves relative to the lower body, the engagement
surfaces of the upper body and lower body can move relative to one another
thereby allowing the upper body to rotate independently of the lower body.
The disengagement can further include additional sub-methods as described
above in relation to the clutch and tool.
[0068] The method 1100 can further include determining if the pressure is
substantially removed (block 1110). The determination can be made by the
first relief valve. The first relief valve can be configured to close when the
pressure is substantially removed. As described above, the pressure can be
substantially removed when the gauge pressure on the hydraulic member is
substantially zero. The above description provides other examples of the
pressure being substantially removed, such as in the instance of low cracking
pressure. For example, the cracking pressure can be less than 7000 pascals,
or about one pound per square inch. In other examples, the low cracking
pressure can be 2000 pascals, or about one third of a pound per square inch.
[0069] The method 1100 can further include recoupling the upper body
with the lower body (block 1112). The recoupling of the upper body with the
lower body can occur by the hydraulic member allowing relative translational
motion of the upper body relative to the lower body. As the upper body and
lower body return to the coupled configuration, the engagement surfaces of
the lower body and upper body reengage and couple to one another causing
the upper body and lower body to rotate in unison, but allowing their relative
reciprocation.
[0070] The method 1100 can further include repeating disengagement of
the upper body from the lower body as described above if the hydraulic
member receives a predetermined pressure. In this regard, the present
coupling/decoupling method 1100 for a compression set downhole clutch is
repeatable.
[0071] As presented herein, the disclosure includes a compression set
downhole clutch comprising an upper body (201) comprising at least one
engagement surface (204); a lower body (202) comprising at least one
engagement surface (203); the at least one engagement surface (204) of the
upper body (201) and the at least one engagement surface (203) of the lower
body (202) are each configured to couple with one another and rotate in
unison in an engaged configuration (102); a hydraulic member (205)
configured to be responsive to a predetermined pressure; and the hydraulic
member (205) configured to disengage the at least one engagement surface
(204) of the upper body (201) from the at least one engagement surface
(203) of the lower body (202) in response to experiencing the predetermined
pressure.
[0072] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein the hydraulic member (205) comprises a relief valve member (210)
which is activated at the predetermined pressure.
[0073] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein the hydraulic member (205) comprises a first relief valve (212) and a
second relief valve (214), the first relief valve (212) having a first pressure
setting corresponding to the predetermined pressure and the second relief
valve (214) having a second pressure setting that is less than the first
pressure setting.
[0074] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein the second pressure setting corresponds to substantially zero gauge
pressure.
[0075] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein the hydraulic member (205) further comprises a first hydraulic
chamber (220) and a second hydraulic chamber (222) in fluid communication
such that fluid is exchanged between the first hydraulic chamber (220) and
the second hydraulic chamber (222) when the predetermined pressure is
exceeded.
[0076] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
further comprises a first hydraulic chamber (220) and a second hydraulic
chamber (222), wherein the first relief valve (212) and the second relief valve
(214) selectively fluidly couple the first hydraulic chamber (220) to the
second hydraulic chamber (222).
[0077] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein the lower body (202) disengages from the upper body (201) in
response to the first relief valve (212) opening at the predetermined pressure
and allowing fluid to flow into the second hydraulic chamber (222) from the
first hydraulic chamber (220).
[0078] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein the second relief valve (214) is set to allow fluid to flow from the
second hydraulic chamber (222) into the first hydraulic chamber (220) in the
event that the pressure is less than the first predetermined pressure.
[0079] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein the first hydraulic chamber (220) is located uphole relative to the
first relief valve (212) and the second relief valve (214).
[0080] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein the second hydraulic chamber (222) has a movable seal (224)
located downhole relative to the first relief valve (2 12) and the second relief
valve (214), the movable seal (224) establishing a bottom of the second
hydraulic chamber (222).
[0081] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
further comprises a plunger piston (240) configured to collapse in response to
experiencing a compression load, the collapse of the plunger piston (240)
causing the at least one engagement surface (204) of the upper body (201)
and the at least one engagement surface (203) of the lower body (202) to
disengage from one another.
[0082] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
further comprises a thrust bearing (230) coupled with the plunger piston
(240), wherein the thrust bearing (230) is configured to take up a thrust load
of a drillstring above the compression set downhole clutch ( 110).
[0083] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein each engagement surface (204) of the upper body (201) is located
on a spline of the upper body and each engagement surface (203) of the
lower body is located on a spline of the lower body.
[0084] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein splines of the upper body (201) comprise a first row (250) and a
second row (260) of splines, and splines of the lower body (202) comprise a
first row (252) and a second row (262) of splines.
[0085] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein each first row (250, 252) of splines comprises four interference
members and each second row (260, 262) of splines comprises four
interference members, and wherein each interference member comprises an
engagement surface.
[0086] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
further comprising a plunger portion (240) having a shaft (242) extending
therefrom in a downhole direction, and an aperture (282) formed in the lower
body (202) configured to receive the shaft (242).
[0087] In at least one embodiment, the compression set downhole clutch
wherein the shaft (242) has an aperture (243) formed therethrough and the
aperture (282) formed in the lower body (202) extends through the lower
body (202) in an axial direction (290) thereby allowing fluid to flow through
the compression set downhole clutch (100).
[0088] Additionally, the compression set downhole clutch can be
implemented as part of a downhole tool. Still further, the compression set
downhole clutch can be included in a drill string.
[0089] The present disclosure also includes one or more methods. In at
least one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a method for
operating a compression set downhole clutch, the method comprising
coupling an upper body to a lower body of the compression set downhole
clutch by a splined connection that permits reciprocation and prevents
rotation between the upper and lower body in an engaged configuration;
receiving pressure at a hydraulic member; and disengaging the upper body
from the lower body when the received pressure is greater than a
predetermined pressure.
[0090] In at least one embodiment, the method further comprises
responsive to the received pressure, opening a first relief valve having a first
pressure setting corresponding to the predetermined pressure, thereby
causing fluid to flow through the valve and causing the lower body to
disengage from the upper body.
[0091] In at least one embodiment, the method further comprises closing
the first relief valve when gauge pressure at the hydraulic member is
substantially zero; allowing fluid to flow through a second relief valve in a
direction opposite of the flow of fluid through the first relief valve; and
recoupling the upper body to the lower body into the engaged configuration
and thereby causing the upper body to rotate in unison with the lower body.
[0092] The method can also include other processes, steps or procedures
in order to carry out the above operation of the apparatus. The method can
be implemented as part of operation of a tool, a drill string, or a drilling
operation.
[0093] The embodiments shown and described above are only examples.
Many details are often found in the art such as the other features of a clutch
system. Therefore, many such details are neither shown nor described. Even
though numerous characteristics and advantages of the present technology
have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of the
structure and function of the present disclosure, the disclosure is illustrative
only, and changes may be made in the detail, especially in matters of shape,
size and arrangement of the parts within the principles of the present
disclosure to the full extent indicated by the broad general meaning of the
terms used in the attached claims. I t will therefore be appreciated that the
embodiments described above may be modified within the scope of the
appended claims.
CLAIMS
What is claimed is:
1. A compression set downhole clutch (100) comprising :
an upper body (201) comprising at least one engagement
surface (204);
a lower body (202) comprising at least one engagement surface (203);
the at least one engagement surface (204) of the upper body (201)
and the at least one engagement surface (203) of the lower body (202) are
each configured to couple with one another and rotate in unison in an
engaged configuration (102);
a hydraulic member (205) configured to be responsive to a
predetermined pressure; and
the hydraulic member (205) configured to disengage the at least one
engagement surface (204) of the upper body (201) from the at least one
engagement surface (203) of the lower body (202) in response to
experiencing the predetermined pressure.
2. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein
the hydraulic member (205) comprises a relief valve member (210) which is
activated at the predetermined pressure.
3. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 1, wherein
the hydraulic member (205) comprises a first relief valve (212) and a second
relief valve (214), the first relief valve (212) having a first pressure setting
corresponding to the predetermined pressure and the second relief
valve (214) having a second pressure setting that is less than the first
pressure setting.
4 . The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 3, wherein
the second pressure setting corresponds to substantially zero gauge
pressure.
5. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 3, wherein
the hydraulic member (205) further comprises a first hydraulic
chamber (220) and a second hydraulic chamber (222) in fluid
communication such that fluid is exchanged between the first hydraulic
chamber (220) and the second hydraulic chamber (222) when the
predetermined pressure is exceeded.
6. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 3, further
comprising a first hydraulic chamber (220) and a second hydraulic
chamber (222), wherein the first relief valve (212) and the second relief
valve (214) selectively fluidly couple the first hydraulic chamber (220) to the
second hydraulic chamber (222).
7. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 6, wherein
the lower body (202) disengages from the upper body (201) in response to
the first relief valve (212) opening at the predetermined pressure and
allowing fluid to flow into the second hydraulic chamber (222) from the first
hydraulic chamber (220).
8. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 7, wherein
the second relief valve (214) is set to allow fluid to flow from the second
hydraulic chamber (222) into the first hydraulic chamber (220) in the event
that the pressure is less than the first predetermined pressure.
9. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 5, wherein
the first hydraulic chamber (220) is located uphole relative to the first relief
valve (212) and the second relief valve (214).
10. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 9,
wherein the second hydraulic chamber (222) has a movable seal (224)
located downhole relative to the first relief valve (2 12) and the second relief
valve (214), the movable seal (224) establishing a bottom of the second
hydraulic chamber (222).
11. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in any one of
claims 1-10, further comprising a plunger piston (240) configured to collapse
in response to experiencing a compression load, the collapse of the plunger
piston (240) causing the at least one engagement surface (204) of the upper
body (201) and the at least one engagement surface (203) of the lower
body (202) to disengage from one another.
12. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 11,
further comprising a thrust bearing (230) coupled with the plunger
piston (240), wherein the thrust bearing (230) is configured to take up a
thrust load of a drillstring above the compression set downhole clutch ( 110).
13. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in any one of
claims 1-12, wherein each engagement surface (204) of the upper body
(201) is located on a spline of the upper body and each engagement surface
(203) of the lower body is located on a spline of the lower body.
14. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 13,
wherein splines of the upper body (201) comprise a first row (250) and a
second row (260) of splines, and splines of the lower body (202) comprise a
first row (252) and a second row (262) of splines.
15. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 14,
wherein each first row (250, 252) of splines comprises four interference
members and each second row (260, 262) of splines comprises four
interference members, and wherein each interference member comprises an
engagement surface.
16. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in any one of
claims 1-15, further comprising a plunger portion (240) having a shaft (242)
extending therefrom in a downhole direction, and an aperture (282) formed
in the lower body (202) configured to receive the shaft (242).
17. The compression set downhole clutch (100) as recited in claim 16,
wherein the shaft (242) has an aperture (243) formed therethrough and the
aperture (282) formed in the lower body (202) extends through the lower
body (202) in an axial direction (290) thereby allowing fluid to flow through
the compression set downhole clutch (100).
18. A method for operating a compression set downhole clutch, the method
comprising :
coupling an upper body to a lower body of the compression set
downhole clutch by a splined connection that permits reciprocation and
prevents rotation between the upper and lower body in an engaged
configuration;
receiving pressure at a hydraulic member; and
disengaging the upper body from the lower body when the received
pressure is greater than a predetermined pressure.
19. The method as recited in claim 18, further comprising :
responsive to the received pressure, opening a first relief valve having
a first pressure setting corresponding to the predetermined pressure,
thereby causing fluid to flow through the valve and causing the lower body
to disengage from the upper body.
20. The method as recited in claim 19, further comprising :
closing the first relief valve when gauge pressure at the hydraulic
member is substantially zero;
allowing fluid to flow through a second relief valve in a direction
opposite of the flow of fluid through the first relief valve; and
recoupling the upper body to the lower body into the engaged
configuration and thereby causing the upper body to rotate in unison with
the lower body.