Title of the invention: Culture material and its use
Technical field
[0001]
　The present invention relates to a culture material and its use.
Background technology
[0002]
　Since cells, tissues, and organs can only be cultured under conditions suitable for growth, they should be placed in a culture vessel such as a dish, plate, or flask together with a medium containing appropriate nutrients. It is necessary to stand in an incubator that can be maintained at a predetermined level.
[0003]
　Furthermore, in order to efficiently realize the above culture, sufficient and appropriate oxygen supply must be performed.
　In order to supply oxygen to cells and carbon dioxide for adjusting the pH of the medium, it is necessary to supply gas such as oxygen and carbon dioxide into the culture vessel. The culture container made of the material is provided with an opening at the upper part of the culture container such as a cap and a lid to secure gas supply from the inside of the incubator to the inside of the container. However, the cultured cells are usually adhered to the bottom surface of the culture vessel or are often suspended near the bottom surface, and the upper surface is covered with the medium, so that the oxygen diffusion rate in the medium becomes rate-determining. In particular, it has long been known that the oxygen supply to the cultured cells at the bottom is insufficient and the proliferation of the cells is hindered. Further, it is known that polystyrene has a problem that it is difficult to observe with a microscope because it has autofluorescence (Non-Patent Document 1).
[0004]
　In order to promote the supply of oxygen to cells, there are means such as increasing the partial pressure of oxygen in the culture device, but a dedicated culture device for controlling the partial pressure of oxygen is required, and generally in the atmosphere. The cost is high compared to the culture device for culturing. In addition, since the oxygen cylinder used to control the partial pressure of oxygen is a flammable gas, there is a risk of oxidative heat generation, combustion, and explosion. Care must be taken when handling oxygen cylinders. It is known that the problem of oxygen diffusion rate-determining in the culture solution layer in static culture can be easily solved by using a culture plate with a highly oxygen permeable film as the culture surface as a simple and practical method for improving oxygen supply. (Non-Patent Document 2).
[0005]
　For example, Sakai et al. Of the University of Tokyo use highly oxygen-permeable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on the bottom surface of a culture vessel to culture hepatocytes with a high oxygen consumption rate. As a result, it has been reported that the oxygen deficiency state (anaerobic environment) observed in commercially available polystyrene plates was eliminated and a high self-organization phenomenon of hepatocytes was observed (Non-Patent Document 3).
[0006]
　As a highly oxygen permeable material, a rubber material such as polybutadiene (Patent Document 1) has been studied in addition to the above-mentioned PDMS. However, the gas permeable film made of a rubber material has low strength and is easily torn, and in addition, it is liable to bend when a medium is added, and its shape is unstable. When the culture vessel is bent, the cells attached to the inner wall of the culture vessel are peeled off due to the deformation of the container or the impact caused by the deformation, and the cells being cultured gather in the bent place. Cannot be cultivated. In addition, since rubber materials are generally prone to adsorption and absorption of drug substances, their use in drug discovery screening applications and diagnostic applications is limited.
[0007]
　From the viewpoint of oxygen permeability, it has been studied to apply non-polar polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, etc. to the culture vessel, but if the film thickness is adjusted to maintain sufficient strength, the oxygen permeability becomes insufficient. It is used only in some culture containers such as bag-shaped culture containers because it is opaque and difficult to observe with a microscope. A technique of providing a support layer on the bottom surface of a culture vessel to keep the film thin and prevent tearing and bending is also known (Patent Document 5), but there is a problem that the support layer becomes an obstacle when observing cells. ..
[0008]
　On the other hand, as an excellent high oxygen permeable resin material, poly4-methyl-1-pentene resin can be mentioned. Patent Documents 1 to 4 disclose a technique for culturing a culture vessel using a film using poly4-methyl-1-pentene resin. Although it is suitable for growing plants such as horns and bags and for culturing floating cells by improving the heat sealability and flexibility of the film, when it is applied for static culture, it is on the bottom of the culture. It is not suitable as a culture container because it bends. Further, the poly4-methyl-1-pentene resin has a high hydrophobicity on the culture surface as it is, and when it is used as a culture substrate, there is a problem that cells cannot adhere to it and peel off and die.
Prior art literature
Patent documents
[0009]
Patent Document 1: Real-Open 1-112697 JP
Patent Document 2: JP-A 8-149973 Patent Publication
Patent Document 3: JP-A 11-137241 JP
Patent Document 4: JP 2001-190267 Patent Publication
Patent Document 5: JP 2016-071164
Non-patent literature
[0010]
Non-Patent Document 1: Stevens, KM, Oxygen requirements for liver cells in vitro., Nature, 206, 199 (1965)
Non-Patent Document 2: Xiao W, Shinohara M, Komori K, Sakai Y, Matsui H, Osada T, A (2014): The importance of physiological oxygen concentrations in the sandwichi cultures of rat hepatocytes on gas-permeable membranes, Biotechnol. Prog., 30 (6), 1401-1410
Non-Patent Document 3: Yasuyuki Sakai, “Oxygen supply in liver culture Improvement ”, [online], Hepatocyte Study Group, [Searched April 9, 2019], Internet
Outline of the invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
[0011]
　The inventors of the present invention have an excellent oxygen supply capacity and are flexible in order to culture cells, tissues, or organs (hereinafter referred to as cells) in vitro in a state closer to in vivo. We thought that it was important to develop a culture material with less deformation. That is, it was considered that a culture vessel in which the oxygen supply environment is strictly controlled and the shape is stable is required without relying only on the oxygen concentration control by the incubator. Therefore, a culture material having excellent shape stability, particularly suitable for culturing cells, tissues, or organs that require oxygen supply, does not emit autofluorescence, does not impair cell observability, and does not easily harbor drugs. It is an object of the present invention to provide a culture vessel. Further, for culturing adherent cells, tissues, or organs, it is important to be able to maintain the adhesiveness of cells and the like in addition to shape stability and oxygen supply. Therefore, it is a second object of the present invention to provide a culture instrument suitable for culturing adherent cells, tissues, or organs.
Means to solve problems
[0012]
　The present inventors have diligently studied to solve the above problems. As a result, they have found that a culture material having the following constitution can solve the above-mentioned problems, and have completed the present invention. The present invention is, for example, the following [1] to [14].
[1] A culture material of a cell, tissue, or organ containing 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), having a water contact angle of 50 ° to 100 ° on the culture surface, and the following test method. A culture material having a hanging distance of 0 to 5 mm according to (A) and an oxygen permeability of 4500 to 90000 cm 3 / (m 2 × 24 h × atm) at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 0% . Test method (A): A flat plate-shaped test piece having the same material as the culture material and the same thickness as the culture surface of the culture material and having a length × width of 100 mm × 10 mm is prepared. The test piece is fixed to the test table in a state where 50 mm with respect to the vertical dimension of the test piece protrudes horizontally from the horizontal upper surface of the test table. Three minutes after fixing, the distance at which the tip of the test piece protruding from the test table hangs vertically downward from the horizontal plane including the upper surface of the test table is measured. (However, the measurement is carried out from the fixation at room temperature.)
[2] The 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) is a 4-methyl-1-pentene homopolymer (x1) and 4-methyl-1-pentene. At least one selected from a polymer (x2) of 1-pentene and at least one selected from ethylene and α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene). The culture material according to [1], which is a polymer of.
[3] According to the following test method (B), the cell density of primary cultured rat hepatocytes seeded was 1.0 × 10 5 cells / cm. When performed at 2 to 4.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 , the dissolved oxygen concentration in the culture broth after 1 hour at at least one point in the cell density range is 2 of the saturated oxygen concentration in the culture broth. The culture material according to [1] or [2], which is ~ 20%. Test method (B): Culture consisting of a cylindrical portion made of polyethylene and a flat bottom portion made of the same material as the culture material and having the same thickness as the culture surface of the culture material. Rat primary cultured hepatocytes were seeded in a collagen-coated culture vessel having an area of ​​2 cm 2 with 0.5 mL of a culture solution for rat primary hepatocytes, and the temperature was 37 ° C., the carbon dioxide concentration was 5.0%, and the oxygen concentration was 20. After culturing under% and removing the culture broth in the culture vessel 24 hours after seeding, 0.5 mL of the culture broth is newly added, and the oxygen concentration is measured at a height of 80 μm from the bottom surface of the culture vessel for 1 hour.
[4] When the test method (B) was carried out at a cell density of 1.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 4.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 of the seeded rat primary cultured hepatocytes . in at least one point of the range of the cell density, oxygen consumption rate is ~ 150 pmol 40 / s / 10 5 is cells, culture material according to [3].
[5] The culture material according to any one of [1] to [4], which is a film, a sheet, or a culture container.
[6] The culture material according to [5], wherein the culture container is a petri dish, a flask, an insert, a plate, a bottle or a bag.
[7] The culture material according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the culture surface is microfabricated.
[8] A microchannel device containing the culture material according to [7].
[9] A culture vessel in which at least the culture surface is formed of the culture material according to any one of [1] to [7].
[10] The culture vessel according to [9], which has at least one well.
[11] A culturing instrument composed of the culturing material according to any one of [1] to [7] or the culturing container according to [9] or [10].
[12] The culture device according to [11], wherein the culture surface is coated with a natural polymer material, a synthetic polymer material, or an inorganic material.
[13] A method for culturing cells, tissues, or organs, which comprises the step of incubating cells, tissues, or organs in the culture device according to [11] or [12].
[14] The method for culturing cells, tissues, or organs according to [13], wherein the cells, tissues, or organs are hepatocytes.
Effect of the invention
[0013]
　According to the present invention, it is possible to realize an oxygen environment that is excellent in shape stability and suitable for culturing cells, tissues, or organs, does not emit autofluorescence, does not impair cell observability, and is a culture in which a drug is difficult to sorb. Materials and culture vessels can be provided. In addition, it is possible to provide a culture device having cell adhesion suitable for culturing adherent cells, tissues, or organs.
A brief description of the drawing
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a photograph of cells of Example 1 observed with a phase-contrast microscope. (Upper figure: 1 day later, lower figure: 7 days later.)
[Fig. 2] This is a photograph of the cells of Comparative Example 4 observed with a phase-contrast microscope. (Upper figure: 1 day later, lower figure: 7 days later.)
[Fig. 3] This is a photograph of the cells of Comparative Example 5 observed with a phase-contrast microscope. (Upper figure: 1 day later, lower figure: 7 days later.)
[Fig. 4] It is a photograph of the culture material observed with a fluorescence microscope of Example 8. (Left figure: DAPI filter, middle figure: GFP filter, right figure: TexasRed filter)
[Fig. 5] It is a photograph of the culture material observed with the fluorescence microscope of Comparative Example 6. (Left figure: DAPI filter, middle figure: GFP filter, right figure: TexasRed filter)
Mode for carrying out the invention
[0015]
　The present invention is roughly divided into four aspects.
　The culture material according to the first aspect of the present invention is a culture material for cells, tissues, or organs containing 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), and the water contact angle of the culture surface is 50 °. The oxygen permeability is 4500 to 90000 cm 3 / (m 2 x 24 h x atm) when the temperature is ~ 100 °, the hanging distance according to the following test method (A) is 0 to 5 mm, the temperature is 23 ° C, and the humidity is 0%. Culture material that is. Test method (A): A flat plate-shaped test piece having the same material as the culture material and the same thickness as the culture surface of the culture material and having a length × width of 100 mm × 10 mm is prepared. The test piece is fixed to the test table in a state where 50 mm with respect to the vertical dimension of the test piece protrudes horizontally from the horizontal upper surface of the test table. Three minutes after fixing, the distance at which the tip of the test piece protruding from the test table hangs vertically downward from the horizontal plane including the upper surface of the test table is measured. However, the measurement is performed at room temperature from the above fixation.
[0016]
　In the culture vessel according to the second aspect of the present invention, at least the culture surface is formed of the culture material according to the first aspect.
　The culture device according to the third aspect of the present invention is a culture device composed of the culture material according to the first aspect or the culture vessel according to the second aspect.
[0017]
　The method for culturing cells, tissues, or organs according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is a culturing method including a step of incubating cells, tissues, or organs in a culturing instrument according to the third aspect.
　Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the present invention is carried out with appropriate modifications within the scope of the object of the present invention. be able to.
　Unless otherwise specified, the description of "A to B" regarding the numerical range indicates that it is A or more and B or less. For example, the description of "1 to 5%" means 1% or more and 5% or less.
[0018]
　<4-Methyl-1-pentene Polymer (X)> In the
　present invention, the term "polymer" is used to include homopolymers and copolymers. Similarly, in the present invention, the term "polymerization" is used to include homopolymerization and copolymerization. Therefore, "4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X)" refers to a homopolymer of 4-methyl-1-pentene and a copolymer of 4-methyl-1-pentene and another monomer. It is a concept to be included. In addition, the homopolymer of 4-methyl-1-pentene is also referred to as 4-methyl-1-pentene homopolymer (x1) below.
[0019]
　The copolymer of 4-methyl-1-pentene and another monomer may be any of a random copolymer, an alternating copolymer, a block copolymer, and a graft copolymer. Examples of the copolymer of 4-methyl-1-pentene and other monomers include 4-methyl-1-pentene, ethylene, and α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene). ), A copolymer (x2) with at least one type of olefin is preferable because the base material has high strength (hard to tear and hard to crack) and little bending.
[0020]
　The 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) includes 4-methyl-1-pentene homopolymer (x1), 4-methyl-1-pentene, ethylene, and α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. It is preferably at least one polymer selected from the copolymer (x2) with at least one olefin selected from (excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene), preferably 4-methyl-1-pentene. And more preferably, it is a copolymer (x2) with ethylene and at least one olefin selected from α-olefins having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene).
[0021]
　Examples of the olefin include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-tetradecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-heptadecene, 1-octadecene and 1-eicosen. Can be mentioned. The olefin can be appropriately selected according to the physical characteristics required for the culture material. For example, as the olefin, α-olefin having 8 to 18 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of appropriate oxygen permeability and excellent rigidity, and 1-octene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene, 1-tetradecene, At least one selected from 1-hexadecenes, 1-heptadecene and 1-octadecenes is more preferred. When the carbon number of the olefin is in the above range, the film formation processability of the polymer becomes better, and as a result, the appearance is poor due to cracks and cracks at the edges when the polymer is released from the roll or mold during molding. It tends to be less likely to occur. Therefore, the incidence of defective culture materials is low.
[0022]
　Only one type of the olefin may be contained, or two or more types may be combined. From the viewpoint of the strength of the material, the number of carbon atoms is preferably 2 or more, more preferably 10 or more. When combining two or more different α-olefins, it is particularly preferable to combine at least one selected from 1-tetradecene and 1-hexadecene and at least one selected from 1-heptadecene and 1-octadecene.
[0023]
　The content of the structural unit derived from 4-methyl-1-pentene is preferably 60 to 100 mol%, more preferably 80 to 98 mol%. The content of the structural unit derived from ethylene and at least one olefin selected from α-olefins having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene) is preferably 0 to 40 mol%. More preferably, it is 2 to 20 mol%. As for the content of the structural unit, the total repetitive structural unit amount is 100 mol%. When the content of the structural unit is within the above range, a uniform culture surface having excellent workability can be obtained, and the toughness and strength of the film are well-balanced, so that the bending is reduced.
[0024]
　The 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) is a structural unit other than the structural unit derived from 4-methyl-1-pentene and the structural unit derived from the olefin, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Hereinafter, it may also have "other structural units"). The content of the other structural units is, for example, 0 to 10.0 mol%. When the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer has other structural units, the other structural units may be one kind or two or more kinds.
[0025]
　Examples of the monomer leading to other constituent units include cyclic olefins, aromatic vinyl compounds, conjugated diene, non-conjugated polyenes, functional vinyl compounds, hydroxyl group-containing olefins, and halogenated olefins. Examples of the cyclic olefin, aromatic vinyl compound, conjugated diene, non-conjugated polyene, functional vinyl compound, hydroxyl group-containing olefin and halogenated olefin are described in paragraphs [0035] to [0041] of JP2013-169685A. Compounds can be used.
[0026]
　The 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
　The culture material of the present invention may contain 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), may be formed only from 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), or 4-methyl. It may be formed from a composition containing -1-pentene polymer (X).
[0027]
　A commercially available product can also be used as the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X). Specific examples thereof include TPX MX001, MX002, MX004, MX0020, MX021, MX321, RT18, RT31 and DX845 (all of which are trademarks) manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Further, a 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer that satisfies the above requirements can be preferably used even if it is manufactured by another manufacturer. The 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0028]
　When the culture material of the present invention is formed from a composition containing a 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), the composition is other than the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X). It may contain an ingredient, and for example, it may contain an ingredient described in the section (Additives) described later. When the culture material is formed from a composition containing the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) is contained in 100% by mass of the culture material. , It is preferably 90 to 100% by mass, more preferably 95 to 100% by mass, and particularly preferably 99 to 100% by mass. If a large amount of a component other than the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) is contained, not only the oxygen permeability is lowered, but also the transparency and the strength are lowered. The composition ratio of 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) defined in this range is that of the culture surface of the culture material, and the cells such as the frame portion and the lid portion of the culture vessel do not come into direct contact with each other. The portion may be different from the above range.
[0029]
　The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using standard polystyrene as a reference material is preferably 10,000 to 2000000, more preferably 10,000 to 2000000. Is 20,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 30,000 to 500,000. Here, the sample concentration at the time of GPC measurement can be, for example, 1.0 to 5.0 mg / ml. The molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) is preferably 1.0 to 30, more preferably 1.1 to 25, and even more preferably 1.1 to 20. Is. The solvent used in GPC is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), but orthodichlorobenzene is preferably used. Further, as an example of the measurement conditions, the conditions shown in the examples described later can be mentioned, but the measurement conditions are not limited to the measurement conditions.
[0030]
　By setting the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the above upper limit or less, in the molding method of 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) described later, the film produced by melt molding suppresses the occurrence of defects such as gel. Therefore, it is possible to realize a film formation having a uniform surface. Further, when produced by the solution casting method, the solubility in a solvent is good, defects such as gel of the film can be suppressed, and a film formation having a uniform surface can be realized.
[0031]
　Further, by setting the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to be equal to or higher than the above lower limit, a film made of 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), which is a culture material, is sufficient in the container production and cell culture of the present invention. Has strength. Furthermore, by setting the molecular weight distribution within the above range, it is possible to suppress stickiness on the surface of the produced film, and it has sufficient toughness to prevent bending during film molding and cracking during cutting. It becomes possible to suppress it.
[0032]
　The weight average molecular weight (Mw) and molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) are such that two or more kinds of polymers are used as the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X). When used, Mw and Mw / Mn of each polymer may be in the above range.
[0033]
　 The method for producing the
　4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) is a method for producing 4-methyl-1-pentene, an olefin, or other constituent units. Any method may be used as long as it can be polymerized. Further, a chain transfer agent such as hydrogen may coexist in order to control the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution. The equipment used for manufacturing is also not limited. The polymerization method may be a known method, or may be a vapor layer method, a slurry method, a solution method, or a bulk method. The slurry method and the solution method are preferable. Further, the polymerization method may be a single-stage polymerization method or a multi-stage polymerization method such as a two-stage polymerization method, in which a plurality of polymers having different molecular weights are blended into the polymerization system. In any of the single-stage and multi-stage polymerization methods, when hydrogen is used as the chain transfer agent, it may be charged all at once or dividedly, for example, at the initial stage, middle stage, and final stage of polymerization. The production may be carried out at room temperature or may be heated if necessary, but from the viewpoint of polymerization efficiency, it is preferably carried out at 20 ° C to 80 ° C, particularly preferably 40 ° C to 60 ° C. .. The catalyst used for production is also not limited, but from the viewpoint of polymerization efficiency, it is preferable to use the solid titanium catalyst component (I) described in International Publication 2006/054613.
[0034]
　 When
　the culture material of the present invention is formed from a composition containing 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), components other than 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) As a component other than the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), a heat-resistant stabilizer, a light-resistant stabilizer, a processing aid, a plasticizer, an antioxidant, a lubricant, and an extinguishing agent may be contained. Examples thereof include additives such as foaming agents, antiblocking agents, coloring agents, modifiers, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, and antifogging agents.
[0035]
　The 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) usually has a melting point of 200 ° C. to 240 ° C. and has high heat resistance. In addition, since it does not cause hydrolysis, it has excellent water resistance, boiling water resistance, and steam resistance, so that culture materials such as culture vessels containing 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) can be sterilized by high-pressure steam. Is. The 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) also has a high visible light transmittance (usually 90% or more) and does not emit autofluorescence. Therefore, the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) has a characteristic that it does not emit autofluorescence. It is easy to observe the cultured cells in the culture vessel containing. Furthermore, since it exhibits excellent chemical resistance to most chemicals and does not easily absorb the chemicals, it is also suitably used for drug discovery screening applications and diagnostic applications. The 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) can be heat-sealed, and not only heat fusion between its own materials but also heat adhesion with other materials is easy. Further, since thermoforming is possible, it is easy to mold into a container having an arbitrary shape, and for example, molding using an imprint method or an insert method is also easy.
[0036]
　Since the 4-methylpentene-1 polymer (X) has the above-mentioned excellent properties, a culture vessel made of the culture material of the present invention or a cell having a culture surface formed by the culture material of the present invention. The container does not adversely affect the culture, has good stability, light transmission, and moldability, and can be sterilized, so that it is very excellent as a material for the culture container.
[0037]
　
　The method for producing a culture material of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the equipment used for production is not particularly limited. A film containing components other than 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) and, if necessary, 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) is formed, and the film is molded to have a desired shape. It may be a culture material. A culture material having a desired shape may be directly molded by a method such as injection molding or blow molding.
[0038]
　Specifically, as a method for forming a film, for example, a normal inflation method, a T-die extrusion method, or the like is adopted. Manufacture is usually carried out by heating. When the T-die extrusion method is adopted, the extrusion temperature is preferably 100 ° C. to 400 ° C., particularly preferably 200 ° C. to 300 ° C. The roll temperature is preferably 45 ° C. to 75 ° C., particularly preferably 55 ° C. to 65 ° C.
[0039]
　Further, the film of the present invention may be produced by a solution casting method in which 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) is dissolved in a solvent, poured onto a resin or metal, and slowly dried while leveling to form a film. The solvent used is not particularly limited, but a hydrocarbon solvent such as cyclohexane, hexane, decane, or toluene may be used. Further, two or more kinds of solvents may be mixed in consideration of the solubility of the resin and the drying efficiency. A polymer solution is applied by a method such as table coating, spin coating, dip coating, die coating, spray coating, bar coating, roll coating, curtain flow coating, etc., and the film is processed by drying and peeling.
[0040]
　In any case, from the viewpoint of mass productivity, a film containing a component other than 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) and, if necessary, 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) is used. It is preferable to form the film and mold the film into a culture material having a desired shape.
[0041]
　 In the
　present specification, a cell, tissue, or organ is also simply referred to as "cell or the like".
　The cell in the present invention is not particularly limited, and in the case of an animal cell, it may be a floating cell or an adhesive cell, for example, a fibroblast, a mesenchymal stem cell, a hematopoietic stem cell, or a nerve. Stem cells, nerve cells, corneal epithelial cells, oral mucosal cells, retinal pigment supracells, root membrane stem cells, myofibroblasts, myocardial cells, hepatocytes, splenic endocrine cells, skin keratinized cells, skin fibroblasts, subcutaneous fat Origin precursor cells, kidney cells, bottom root sheath cells, nasal mucosal epithelial cells, vascular endothelial precursor cells, vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, osteoblasts, cartilage cells, skeletal muscle cells, immortalized cells, cancer cells, Examples thereof include keratinized cells, embryonic stem cells (ES cells), EBV-transformed B cells, and artificial pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells). It may be either a primary cultured cell or a cell that has been subcultured. The skin, kidney, liver, brain, nerve tissue, myocardial tissue, skeletal muscle tissue, cancer stem cells, etc. have high oxygen demand, and the cells constituting them are also cells with high oxygen demand. The cells in the above are preferably cells constituting skin, kidney, liver, brain, nerve tissue, myocardial tissue, or skeletal muscle tissue, or cancer stem cells. The cells, tissues, or organs are preferably hepatocytes, renal cells, myocardial cells, nerve cells, or cancer stem cells, and more preferably hepatocytes.
[0042]
　The tissue in the present invention means a tissue in which similar cells gather and perform the same function. The tissue is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue. Due to the high oxygen requirement, the tissue is preferably hepatic lobule, myocardial tissue, nervous tissue, or skeletal muscle tissue, more preferably hepatic lobule.
[0043]
　The organ in the present invention means an organ in which the tissues gather and perform a joint work with a purpose. The organ is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, lung, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas, gallbladder, esophagus, stomach, skin, and brain. Due to the high oxygen requirement, the organs are preferably skin, kidney, liver and brain, more preferably the liver.
[0044]
　The cells and the like are preferably cells because they are suitable for culturing in a culture device. In the present invention, the cells and the like are preferably aerobic, and more preferably not containing anaerobic ones. The origin of cells and the like is not particularly limited and may be any organism such as animals, plants, fungi, protozoa, bacteria, etc., but animals or plants are preferable, animals are more preferable, and mammals are particularly preferable. Since the culture device in the present invention is preferably oxygen permeable and retains cell adhesion, the cells and the like are preferably adherent, and more preferably adherent cells.
[0045]
　
　The hepatocytes in the present invention may be any cells in the liver, including hepatocytes, specifically, vascular endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and fat cells. , Hepatocytes, hepatocytes, hepatocyte macrophages (including cupper cells), hepatocytes, intrahepatic bile duct epithelial cells, embryonic sac fibroblasts and the like. The hepatocyte is, for example, a cell population containing 20% ​​or more, 30% or more, 40% or more, or 50% or more of hepatocyte parenchymal cells.
[0046]
　The hepatocytes may be primary cultured cells or established passage cells, but it is preferable to use primary cultured cells as the hepatocytes. The type of passaged cells is not particularly limited, but for example, SSP-25, RBE, HepG2, TGBC50TKB, HuH-6, HuH-7, ETK-1, Het-1A, PLC / PRF / 5, Hep3B, SK -HEP-1, C3A, THLE-2, THLE-3, HepG2 / 2.2.1, SNU-398, SNU-449, SNU-182, SNU-475, SNU-387, SNU-423, FL62891, DMS153 And so on.
[0047]
　The origin of the hepatocytes may be any mammal, but human, bovine, dog, cat, pig, mini pig, rabbit, hamster, rat, or mouse cells are particularly preferable, and human, rat, mouse. , Or bovine cells are more preferred.
[0048]
　The hepatocyte may be a cell population containing a cell type other than hepatocytes, for example, a cell population containing 20% ​​or more, 30% or more, 40% or more, or 50% or more of hepatocytes. ..
[0049]
　 In the
　present specification, culture is used in a broad sense including not only proliferating and maintaining cells and the like, but also processes such as seeding, subculture, differentiation induction, and self-organization induction of cells and the like. The medium or the like used for culturing is not limited, and a medium or the like may be selected according to the characteristics of cells or the like.
[0050]
　 The
　cell culture may be two-dimensional (including the case where cells spontaneously stratify) or three-dimensional culture. Since the culture material of the present invention has an oxygen permeability suitable for culturing, it is possible to sufficiently supply oxygen to cells not only in two-dimensional culture but also in three-dimensional culture in which cells are three-dimensionally stacked. , Cells proliferate and differentiate, and highly self-organizing phenomena of cells are also likely to occur.
[0051]
　Three-dimensional culture is intentionally culturing cells three-dimensionally, and there are two types: Scaffold type, in which cells are cultured in a scaffold material, and Scaffold-free type, in which cells are cultured in a floating state as a mass (spheroid). Either may be used, but the Scaffold type is preferable. In the case of the Scaffold type, Matrigel TM , collagen gel, laminin, hydrogel alginate, and Vitrigel are preferable as the scaffolding material because cells can be efficiently cultured .
　The medium used for culturing is not limited, but in order to efficiently cultivate the cells, it is preferable to cultivate the cells in the presence of serum (for example, fetal bovine serum).
[0052]
　When using cultured material of the present invention in the culture, in other words, using the culture device of the present invention described later, when performing a method for culturing the present invention, the cell culture density, preferably 0.1 × 10 5 cells / Cm 2 to 10.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 , more preferably 0.5 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 5.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 , and even more preferably 1.0. It is × 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 4.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 , and particularly preferably 1.5 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 3.5 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 .
[0053]
　The above range is preferable because the drug metabolism activity is further enhanced as compared with the case where the cell culture density is outside the above range.
　Since the culture material of the present invention has high oxygen permeability, it can be suitably cultured even when the cell culture density is high. Generally, it is said that the cell density of a living body is about 2.5 × 10 5 cells / cm 2, but the culture material of the present invention can be cultured at the same cell culture density as that of a living body. Therefore, it is preferable because the culture can be carried out in vitro in a state closer to in vivo.
[0054]
　
　The culture material of the present invention is a culture material for cells, tissues, or organs containing 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), and the water contact angle of the culture surface is 50 ° to 100. °, the sagging distance according to the following test method (A) is 0 to 5 mm, and the oxygen permeability at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 0% is 4500 to 90000 cm 3 / (m 2 × 24 h × atm). ..
[0055]
　The culture material refers to a material used for culturing cells, and constitutes the culture container itself or a part of the culture container. When the culture material of the present invention constitutes a part of the culture container, at least the culture surface is composed of the culture material of the present invention. The culture material of the present invention is, for example, a film, a sheet, or a culture container. When the culture material is a film or sheet, the film or sheet can be used as a part of the culture container including the culture surface. As the culture vessel, various known culture vessels can be used, and the shape and size are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include petri dishes (also referred to as dishes), flasks, inserts, plates, bottles, and bags. The culture vessel is usually used in a device such as an incubator, a mass culture device, or a perfusion culture device. In order to hold or store the medium, the culture container is preferably a container having the bottom surface as the culture surface. Generally, in a culture vessel having a hollow shape like a well on the bottom surface, it is necessary to make the bottom surface thick in order to stabilize the complicated shape of the bottom surface, and it is difficult to sufficiently supply oxygen to cells and the like. When the culture material of the present invention is used, the shape is stable even in a plate having wells such as 1 well, 6 wells, 12 wells, 24 wells, 48 ​​wells, 96 wells, 384 wells, and 1536 wells. Sufficient oxygen supply to cells and the like.
[0056]
　The culture material of the present invention means that the culture surface is not coated with a natural polymer material, a synthetic polymer material, or an inorganic material for serving as a scaffold for cells or the like.
　The culture surface in the present invention means a surface on which a medium is formed, a surface on which cells or the like are seeded, or a surface on which a medium is formed and cells or the like are seeded when cells or the like are cultured. That is, the culture surface is a concept including a culture medium formation surface and a cell seeding surface.
[0057]
　The oxygen permeability of the culture material of the present invention at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 0% is 4500 to 90000 cm 3 / (m 2 × 24 h × atm), preferably 4500 to 67500 cm 3 / (m 2 × 24 h ×). Atm), more preferably 4500-47000 cm 3 / (m 2 × 24 h × atm), and even more preferably 4500-45000 cm 3 / (m 2 × 24 h × atm).
[0058]
　If the oxygen permeability of the culture medium is too low, the oxygen concentration in the medium will be low, and the cells will not grow sufficiently. On the other hand, if the oxygen permeability is too high, the oxygen concentration in the medium becomes too high, and the cell function deteriorates due to oxygen stress.
When the oxygen permeability is within the above upper and lower limit ranges, the cells maintain good adhesion and good morphology, and can proliferate efficiently according to the culture period.
[0059]
　The thickness of the culture material when the culture material of the present invention is arranged on the bottom surface of the container to prepare a culture container such as a petri dish, flask, insert or plate is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 μm to 400 μm, more preferably 20 μm to 300 μm. More preferably, the thickness is 20 μm to 200 μm. It is selected in a timely manner according to the morphology of the culture vessel, but by adjusting it to the above upper and lower limit range, an appropriate oxygen concentration in the medium necessary for cell growth can be obtained, and the bottom surface of the culture vessel bends (hanging distance). It is possible to prepare a suitable culture vessel without the above.
[0060]
　As an example of the culture container, a multi-hole plate will be described. Generally, cell culture well plates with 1, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, 128, 384, and 1536 holes (also referred to as wells) are commercially available. These containers have the same size as the whole container (short side and long side length), and the number of wells is defined by the diameter of the hole. That is, a container with multiple holes has a small hole diameter, and a container with a small number of holes has a large hole diameter. The culture medium is placed on the bottom of the container as it is, regardless of the diameter, and the deflection of the culture medium is affected by the stress caused by the weight of the medium with the medium in it. A culture medium having a relatively small thickness may be used, and a culture medium having a relatively large thickness needs to be used in a container having a small number of holes (large hole diameter).
[0061]
　The thickness of the culture material of the present invention is not particularly limited. The thickness of the culture surface of the culture material of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 500 μm, more preferably 25 to 500 μm, and particularly preferably 50 to 200 μm.
[0062]
　It is preferable that the thickness of the culture material is within the above range because the strength is excellent. In particular, when the thickness of the culture surface is within the above range, bending is unlikely to occur even when used in a container having a small number of wells and a large hole diameter. In addition, it is difficult to tear when the culture material is subjected to corona treatment or the like. Further, when the thickness of the culture surface is within the above range, the oxygen permeability is in a range particularly suitable for culturing oxygen-requiring cells and the like.
[0063]
　The surface of the culture material of the present invention may be microfabricated in order to produce spheroids and improve the scaffolding function of cells. Since 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) is a kind of thermoplastic resin, as a method for performing microfabrication, cutting processing, optical lithography method, electron beam direct drawing method, particle beam processing method, etc. Self-assembly of fine particles such as scanning probe processing method, or nanoimprint method from master formed by these methods, casting method, molding processing method typified by injection molding method, plating method, etc. can be appropriately selected. it can. The shape of the microfabrication is not particularly limited, but the height from the groove portion to the mountain portion is preferably 20 nm to 500 μm. Further, in order to maintain sufficient strength, the film thickness of the thinnest portion can be reduced to 20 μm as compared with the case where the surface is not microfabricated.
[0064]
　The microfabricated culture material may be used as a microchannel device (also referred to as a microchannel chip). Microchannel device is a general term for devices for creating microchannels and reaction vessels by microfabrication on the surface of culture materials and applying them to bio-research and chemical engineering. For example, devices called microTAS (micro Total Analysis Systems), Lab on a Chip, and the like are mentioned, and their application as next-generation culture devices is being promoted. As one aspect of the present invention, there is a microchannel device containing the culture material of the present invention.
[0065]
　In the culture material of the present invention, cells are suitably brought into close contact with the surface of the culture material, and collagen or the like, which is a scaffold material for culturing cells, is loaded on the surface of the culture material and cultured for close contact, depending on the purpose. It is preferable to hydrophilize the surface of the material. The surface free energy of the surface of the culture material can be defined by the water contact angle described later, and the water contact angle of the culture surface of the culture material is preferably 50 ° to 100 °, more preferably 55 ° to 100 °. More preferably, it is 60 ° to 100 °. Further, as another preferable aspect of the water contact angle, 84 ° or less can be mentioned, and 50 ° to 84 ° is more preferable.
[0066]
　By adjusting the water contact angle of the culture surface (surface) of the culture material of the present invention within the above range, for example, hepatocytes have good adhesion to the culture material and can proliferate uniformly on the culture material surface. In addition, in the form after collagen treatment when loading collagen, collagen can be uniformly loaded on the surface of the culture material, and the collagen does not peel off in the environment of washing with physiological saline or cell culture, and the cells maintain a stable initial state. It can be used for culturing.
[0067]
The method used for the hydrophilization treatment of the surface of the culture material of the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, corona treatment, plasma treatment, ozone treatment, ultraviolet treatment, chemical vapor deposition, etching, or hydroxyl group, amino group, sulfone group, thiol group. , Addition of a specific functional group such as a carboxyl group, treatment with a specific functional group such as silane coupling, surface roughening with an oxidizing agent or the like. Above all, in order to improve the wettability of the surface of the culture material and enable efficient cell culture, it is preferable to perform surface hydrophilization treatment such as ultraviolet treatment, corona treatment, plasma treatment, or ozone treatment. These surface modification treatments may be performed alone or in combination of two or more. When the surface modification treatment is performed, it is preferable to perform the surface modification treatment at least on the culture surface. When the plasma treatment is performed, nitrogen, hydrogen, helium, oxygen, argon or the like is used as the accompanying gas, and at least one gas selected from nitrogen, helium and argon is preferably selected.
　The culture material of the present invention is preferably a cell culture material, and more preferably a hepatocyte culture material.
[0068]
　
　The culture material of the present invention has a sagging distance of 0 to 5 mm, preferably 0 to 3 mm, according to the test method (A). The test method (A) is as follows.
Test method (A): A flat plate-shaped test piece having the same material as the culture material and the same thickness as the culture surface of the culture material and having a length × width of 100 mm × 10 mm is prepared.
[0069]
　The test piece is fixed to the test table in a state where 50 mm with respect to the vertical dimension of the test piece protrudes horizontally from the horizontal upper surface of the test table.
　Three minutes after fixing, the distance at which the tip of the test piece protruding from the test table hangs vertically downward from the horizontal plane including the upper surface of the test table is measured. However, the measurement is performed at room temperature from the above fixation. In this specification, room temperature means 20 to 25 ° C.
[0070]
　This hanging distance (mm) is called a hanging distance (mm), and the hanging distance is an index of flexural rigidity. That is, the smaller the hanging distance, the more excellent the bending rigidity of the culture surface of the culture material of the present invention.
[0071]
　The method for preparing the test piece is not particularly limited. For example, thermoforming such as extrusion molding is performed on the same material as the culture material to prepare a flat test piece, and the test piece having the above dimensions is cut out from the sheet. The test piece may be directly molded. When the culture material is a film or a sheet, a test piece may be cut out from the film or sheet. Further, the thermoforming when producing the test piece is preferably formed under the same temperature conditions (temperature, time) as when producing the culture material. The test piece may or may not have undergone microfabrication or surface modification treatment on the culture material, but it is preferable that the test piece has not been subjected to any treatment.
[0072]
　If the hanging distance is larger than 5 mm, the shape stability is insufficient. Specifically, the culture material is bent, and the deformation and the impact caused by the deformation not only exfoliate the cells attached to the inner wall of the culture vessel, but also cause the cells being cultured to gather in the bent place. , The cells cannot be cultured efficiently.
[0073]
　
　The culture material of the present invention has an oxygen permeability of 4500 to 90000 cm 3 / (m 2 × 24 h × atm) at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 0% . Oxygen permeability [cm 3 x mm / (m 2 x) at a temperature of 23 ° C and a humidity of 0% for a culture material or a measurement sample prepared using the same material as the culture material by a differential pressure gas permeability measurement method. 24h × atm)] is measured, and the value obtained by dividing the oxygen permeability by the thickness (μm) of the culture material is taken as the oxygen permeability coefficient. The device used for the measurement is not particularly limited as long as it uses the differential pressure type gas permeability measuring method, and examples thereof include the differential pressure type gas permeability measuring device MT-C3 manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho. The measurement sample is preferably prepared by cutting out a 90 × 90 mm test piece from, for example, a film having a thickness of 50 μm, and has a measurement portion diameter of 70 mm (transmission area is 38.46 cm 2 ). Since the oxygen permeability is high, it is more preferable to apply an aluminum mask to the sample in advance so that the actual permeation area is 5.0 cm 2 . The culture material used for measuring the oxygen permeability or the measurement sample prepared using the same material as the culture material may or may not have been microfabricated or surface-modified. It is preferable that the product has not been treated.
[0074]
　
　The culture material of the present invention is a first-generation rat seeded with the following test method (B) when the saturated oxygen concentration in the culture solution is 100%. When the cell density of cultured hepatocytes was 1.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 4.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 , at least one point in the cell density range, the culture medium after 1 hour. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the culture solution is preferably 2 to 20%, more preferably 5 to 18%, still more preferably 5 to 16%, and further preferably 9 to 16% of the saturated oxygen concentration in the culture broth. Is most preferable. The method for measuring the saturated oxygen concentration in the culture solution is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a measuring method using a fluorescent oxygen sensor (FireSting oxygen monitor, manufactured by BAS Co., Ltd.). The test method (B) is as follows.
Test method (B): A culture area consisting of a cylindrical portion made of polyethylene and a flat bottom portion made of the same material as the culture material and having the same thickness as the culture surface of the culture material. Rat primary cultured hepatocytes were seeded in a collagen-coated culture vessel having a size of 2 cm 2 with 0.5 mL of a culture solution for rat primary hepatocytes, at a temperature of 37 ° C., a carbon dioxide concentration of 5.0%, and an oxygen concentration of 20%. After 24 hours of seeding, the culture solution in the culture vessel is removed, 0.5 mL of the culture solution is newly added, and the oxygen concentration is measured at a height of 80 μm from the bottom surface of the culture vessel for 1 hour. When the dissolved oxygen concentration is within the above range, the oxygen environment is preferable because it is in an optimum state for hepatocytes.
[0075]
　The oxygen concentration can be measured using a FireSting oxygen monitor (manufactured by BAS Co., Ltd.) or the like, and when using a FireSting oxygen monitor (manufactured by BAS Co., Ltd.), the oxygen concentration can be measured. , A sensor is installed at a height of 80 μm from the bottom surface of the culture vessel for measurement.
[0076]
　Note that for test method (B), the cell density of the primarily cultured rat hepatocytes seeded × 10 1.0 5 cells / cm 2 ~ 4.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 may be carried out in , At least at one point in that range, the dissolved oxygen concentration may be within the above range. That is, it is not required that the dissolved oxygen concentration is within the above range in the entire range of cell density of 1.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 4.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 .
[0077]
　The culture medium for rat primary hepatocytes used in the test method (B) is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10% bovine fetal serum (Fetal Bottle Serum, FBS, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 30 mg / mL L-proline ( For culture, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 1 × 10 -7 M dexamethasone (for biochemistry, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 50 μg / mL hydrocortisone (for culture, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 20 ng / mL epithelial growth Factors (Epideral growth factor, EGF, for cell biology, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. ), 5.0 × 10 -7 M insulin (SIGMA), 5000 units / mL penicillin, 5000 μg / mL streptomycin (for culture, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) Drug), D-MEM medium (high glucose, L-glutamine, phenol red, sodium pyruvate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, for culture, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
[0078]
　 For the
　oxygen consumption rate, the product of the difference between the oxygen concentration in the outside air (20%) and the dissolved oxygen concentration in the culture solution and the oxygen permeability of the film is divided by the cell density using Fick's law. , Can be calculated as the amount consumed per cell. It is based on the idea that oxygen is supplied from the outside air as much as the cells consume the oxygen in the medium.
[0079]
　The appropriate rate of oxygen consumption depends on each organ and the cells that make up them, such as lung, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas, gallbladder, esophagus, stomach, skin, and brain. It also depends on the animal species, such as humans, cows, dogs, cats, pigs, mini pigs, rabbits, hamsters, rats, or mice. Furthermore, it differs between primary cultured cells and established passage cells.
[0080]
　In the case of rat primary hepatocytes, the oxygen consumption rate when the cells were seeded in a cell culture vessel at 1.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 was 90 pmol immediately after the cells adhered to the culture vessel, according to Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3. / s / 10 5 cells, then 40 Pmol/s/10 5 is a cells, the degree of adhesion and aggregation into containers such as cells, that number can vary.
[0081]
　By using the culture material of the present invention, it is possible to culture in an oxygen environment suitable for cells and the like, and the oxygen consumption rate when the cell density is, for example, 1.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 is preferable. 40 Pmol/s/10 5 is a cells or, more preferably ~ 150 pmol 40 / s / 10 5 a cells. The culture for evaluating the oxygen consumption rate is preferably performed according to the test method (B). That is, when the test method (B) was performed at a cell density of 1.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 4.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 of the seeded rat primary cultured hepatocytes , the above. in at least one point in the range of cell densities, oxygen consumption rate is ~ 150 pmol 40 / s / 10 5 is preferably cells.
[0082]
　
　The culture container of the second aspect of the present invention is a culture container in which at least the culture surface is formed of the culture material.
[0083]
　The culture vessel of the present invention may be the culture material itself, or may be a part of the culture material. When a part is composed of the culture material, at least the surface in direct contact with the scaffold material such as cells and collagen is composed of the culture material.
[0084]
　The culture vessel of the present invention has excellent shape stability and sufficient oxygen supply to cells and the like. The shape and size of the culture vessel are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include petri dishes, flasks, inserts, plates, bottles, and bags. The culture vessel preferably has at least one well. That is, the culture vessel is preferably a plate having wells, and more preferably a plate having wells such as 1 well, 6 wells, 12 wells, 24 wells, 48 ​​wells, 96 wells, 384 wells, and 1536 wells.
[0085]
　The culture vessel of the present invention means that the culture surface is not coated with a natural polymer material, a synthetic polymer material, or an inorganic material for serving as a scaffold for cells or the like.
　When the culture vessel is a petri dish, a flask, an insert, or a plate, the bottom surface is the culture surface, so that the culture vessel preferably constitutes at least a part or all of the bottom surface, the side surface, and the top surface. .. When at least the bottom surface (culture surface) is composed of the culture material of the present invention, oxygen can be efficiently supplied into the medium through the culture material, so that cells and the like in the medium can be efficiently proliferated. Can be done. Furthermore, since the shape stability of the bottom surface is excellent, cells and the like can be uniformly cultured. Moreover, since it has excellent transparency, it is easy to observe cells and the like.
[0086]
　The shape of the bottom surface is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a flat bottom, a round bottom (U bottom), a flat bottom (F bottom), a conical bottom (V bottom), and a flat bottom + curved edge. When processing round bottom (U bottom), flat bottom (F bottom), conical bottom (V bottom), flat bottom + curved edge, etc., it may be processed at once by general injection molding or press molding, or a film. Alternatively, it is also possible to prepare a sheet and perform secondary processing by vacuum forming, compressed air forming, or the like. The shape of the bottom surface is selected according to the purpose of culturing, but when culturing cells or the like in two dimensions, it is preferably a flat bottom, and when culturing in three dimensions, a round bottom (U bottom) or a conical bottom (U bottom) ( V bottom) is preferable.
[0087]
　The portion of the culture vessel other than the culture material may be made of a material other than the culture material. Materials other than the culture material are not particularly limited, and known materials can be used. For example, polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), glass and the like can be mentioned.
[0088]
　The culture vessel of the present invention may be disinfected and sterilized to prevent contamination. The method of disinfection / sterilization is not particularly limited, and is a physical disinfection method such as a circulating steam method, a boiling method, an intermittent method, an ultraviolet method, a gas such as ozone, or a chemical disinfection method using a disinfectant such as ethanol; Heat sterilization methods such as high-pressure steam method and dry heat method; irradiation sterilization methods such as gamma ray method and high-frequency method; gas sterilization methods such as ethylene oxide gas method and hydrogen peroxide gas plasma method can be mentioned. Among them, the ethanol disinfection method, the high-pressure steam sterilization method, the gamma ray sterilization method, or the ethylene oxide gas sterilization method is preferable because the operation is simple and the sterilization can be sufficiently performed. These disinfection / sterilization treatments may be performed individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
[0089]
　The method for producing the culture vessel of the present invention is not particularly limited, and when the culture material is the culture vessel itself, it can be produced by the above-mentioned method. When a part of the culture vessel is formed of the culture material, the culture vessel can be obtained by appropriately joining the culture material and other members. The method of joining is not particularly limited, and the culture material and other members may be integrally formed, or may be brought into close contact with each other via an adhesive or an adhesive.
　The culture vessel of the present invention is preferably a cell culture vessel, and more preferably a hepatocyte culture vessel.
[0090]
　
　The culture instrument according to the third aspect of the present invention is composed of the culture material according to the first aspect or the culture vessel according to the second aspect. The culture instrument of the present invention may be the culture material of the first aspect or the culture vessel itself of the second aspect, or on the culture surface of the culture material of the first aspect or the culture vessel of the second aspect. It may be a culture device coated with a natural polymer material, a synthetic polymer material, or an inorganic material.
[0091]
　The coated culture instrument can be obtained, for example, by coating a culture material with a natural polymer material, a synthetic polymer material, or an inorganic material by a known method. Further, the culture instrument may be obtained, for example, by coating the culture vessel with a natural polymer material, a synthetic polymer material, or an inorganic material by a known method, or the already coated culture material may be coated on the culture vessel. It may be obtained by using at least the culture surface of.
[0092]
　The coated culture device is excellent in adhesion and proliferation of cells and the like. It is considered that this is because the natural polymer material, the synthetic polymer material, or the inorganic material coated on the culture surface serves as a scaffold for cells and the like. Therefore, when culturing adherent cells or the like, a culture material or a culture container is usually coated with a natural polymer material, a synthetic polymer material, or an inorganic material and used as a culture instrument.
[0093]
　The natural polymer material, synthetic polymer material, or inorganic material is not particularly limited, but examples of the natural polymer material include glycosaminoglycans such as collagen, gelatin, alginic acid, hyaluronic acid, and chondroitin sulfate, fibronectin, laminin, and fibrinogen. Osteopontin, tenesin, vitronectin, chondroitin, agarose, elastin, keratin, chitosan, fibrin, fibrin, saccharides, synthetic polymer materials such as polygluconic acid, polylactic acid, polyethylene glycol, polycaprolactone, synthetic peptides, synthetic proteins Examples of synthetic polymer materials include polyethylene glycol, polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate, and polyerylene imine, and examples of inorganic materials include β-tricalcium phosphate and calcium carbonate.
[0094]
　Further, examples of the natural polymer material, synthetic polymer material, or inorganic material include vitrigel obtained by vitrifying a conventional hydrogel such as an extracellular matrix component and then rehydrating it. For example, collagen vitrigel composed of a high-density collagen fiber network made from collagen, which is one of the extracellular matrix components, can be mentioned.
[0095]
　In order to improve cell adhesion and cell proliferation and maintain cell function for a longer period of time, coating with proteins or peptides such as collagen, gelatin, laminin and polylysine is preferable, and coating treatment with collagen or polylysine is preferable. More preferred. These coatings may be performed individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
　The culture device of the present invention is preferably a cell culture device, and more preferably a hepatocyte culture device.
[0096]
　
　The method for culturing cells, tissues, or organs according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is a culture method including a step of incubating cells, tissues, or organs in a culture instrument according to the third aspect.
　The method for culturing the cells or the like may include a step of incubating the cells or the like in the culturing instrument, and other culturing conditions may be appropriately selected according to the characteristics of the cells or the like. The method for culturing cells and the like is preferably a method for culturing cells, and more preferably a method for culturing hepatocytes.
Example
[0097]
　Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
　In addition, the polymer analysis value measurement method, the sagging distance measurement method, the water contact angle measurement method, the collagen coat solution adjustment method, the cell type and culture solution preparation method, the dissolved oxygen concentration measurement method in the medium in the examples, The method for calculating the oxygen consumption rate, the method for measuring the metabolic activity value, the method for evaluating cell adhesion, the method for observing autologous fluorescence of cultured cells, and the evaluation of drug sorption are described below.
[0098]
[Weight average molecular weight (Mw) and molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn)]
　The weight average molecular weight Mw and molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer used as the culture material of the present invention are gelled. It was measured by permeation chromatography (GPC).
　Specifically, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymer dissolved in orthodichlorobenzene were measured by calibrating the molecular weights with a polystyrene standard under the following conditions.
・ Equipment: Gel permeation chromatograph HLC-8321 GPC / HT type (manufactured by Tosoh)
・ Data analysis software: Emper3 (manufactured by Waters)
・ Detector: Differential refractometer
・ Series connection column: TSKgel GMH6-HT (2) , And TSKgel GMH6-HTL (2)
・ Column temperature: 140 ° C.
・ Flow rate: 1.0 ml / min
・ Sample concentration: 1.5 mg / ml
[0099]
[Measurement of hanging distance]
　Cut out a test piece with a size of 100 mm x 10 mm in length x width, and place it on the test table in a state where it protrudes horizontally from the horizontal upper surface of the test table by 50 mm with respect to the vertical dimension of the test piece. After fixing, 3 minutes after fixing, the distance at which the tip of the test piece protruding from the test table hung vertically downward from the horizontal plane including the upper surface of the test table was measured. The room temperature was 23 ° C. from the fixation to the measurement. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0100]
[Measurement of water contact angle]
　The water contact angle after the surface hydrophilization treatment of the culture material is measured at 25 ± 5 ° C. and 50 ± according to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS-R3257 (wetting property test method for substrate glass surface). Under constant temperature and humidity conditions of 10%, water droplets having a volume of 4 μL or less, which can be regarded as spherical in shape, are dropped on the surface of the base material, and the group within 1 minute immediately after the water droplets come into contact with the surface of the base material by the static drip method. This can be done by measuring the angle of the contact interface between the material and the water droplet. In the present embodiment, the numerical value within 1 minute immediately after the water droplets come into contact with each other by the above method is treated as the physical characteristic value.
[0101]
[Preparation of collagen coat solution]
　0.1 M hydrochloric acid solution (for volumetric analysis, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is diluted 100-fold with water for injection (Japan Pharmacy, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) to prepare 0.001 M hydrochloric acid solution. Was sterilized by filtration. A 3 mg / mL collagen solution (Cellmatrix TypeIP, derived from pig tendon, Nitta gelatin) was diluted 2-fold with a 0.001 M hydrochloric acid solution to prepare a 1.5 mg / mL collagen coat solution.
[0102]
[Preparation of cell type and culture medium] The
　culture medium was added to a centrifuge tube (50 ml) containing a cell suspension containing primary frozen hepatocytes of rats. The culture solution was L-proline (for culture, Fujifilm) diluted with 1.5 mL of bovine fetal serum (Fetal Bottle Serum, FBS, Fujifilm Wako Junyaku) and 3.0 g / mL with water for injection (Fuso Yakuhin Kogyo). Wako Pure Chemicals) solution 0.15 mL, dexametazone (biochemical, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemicals) solution diluted to 1 × 10 -3 M with ethanol (for molecular biology, Fuji Film Wako Pure Chemicals) 1.5 μL Epithelial growth factor further diluted to 20 μg / mL with 21 μL of hydrocortisone (for culture, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemicals) solution diluted to 36 mM with ethanol and BSA solution diluted to 1.0 mg / mL with water for injection. (Epidermal dilution factor, EGF, for cell biology, Fujifilm Wako Pure Drug) solution 15 μL, insulin solution (10 mg / mL in HEEPS, SIGMA) 8.7 μL, penicillin-streptomycin solution (5000 units / mL penicillin 5000 μg / Contains mL streptomycin, for culture, Fujifilm Wako Pure Drug) 0.3 mL, D-MEM medium (4500 mg / mL D-glucose, 584 mg / mL L-glutamine, 15 mg / mL phenol red, 110 mg / mL sodium pyruvate, 3700 mg / mL containing sodium hydrogen carbonate, for culture, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemicals) was added in an amount of 13 mL to prepare the mixture. The cell density was adjusted by adjusting the number of cells in the cell suspension containing the rat primary frozen hepatocytes, and unless otherwise specified, 1.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2In the high-density cultures of Example 8 and Comparative Example 6, the cell density was 4.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 .
[0103]
[Measurement of oxygen permeability coefficient and calculation of oxygen permeability] The
　oxygen permeability coefficient was measured in an environment of a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 0% RH using a differential pressure type gas permeability measuring device MT-C3 manufactured by Toyo Seiki Seisakusho. .. The measuring part diameter was 70 mm (transmission area was 38.46 cm 2 ). Since it was expected that the oxygen permeability coefficient would be large, the sample was masked with aluminum in advance to set the actual permeation area to 5.0 cm 2 .
　The measured oxygen permeability coefficient [cm 3 x mm / (m 2 x 24 h x atm)] is divided by the thickness (μm) of the film (culture material) to obtain the oxygen permeability [cm 3 / (m 2 x 24 h)]. × atm)] was calculated.
[0104]
[Measurement of dissolved oxygen concentration in medium]
　One day after cell seeding, after removing the culture solution in the culture vessel, 0.5 mL of the culture solution was newly added, and FireSting Oxygen Monitor (BAS Co., Ltd.) was used. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the culture medium was measured using the medium. Measurements were performed in a humidified incubator. The sensor was jacked at a height of 80 μm from the bottom of the culture vessel and measured for 1 hour. Table 1 shows the value (%) obtained by dividing the dissolved oxygen concentration after 1 hour by the saturated oxygen concentration in the culture solution and multiplying by 100. The saturated oxygen concentration in the culture solution was measured using a fluorescent oxygen sensor (FireSting oxygen monitor, manufactured by BAS Co., Ltd.).
[0105]
[Calculation of oxygen consumption rate]
　Consumption per cell by dividing the product of the difference between the oxygen concentration (20%) in the outside air (in the humidified incubator) and the dissolved oxygen concentration in the above culture solution and the oxygen permeability by the cell density. Calculated as a quantity.
[0106]
[Measurement of metabolic activity value]
　After removing the culture solution in the culture vessel 24 hours after cell seeding, Luciferin-CEE diluted with the culture solution was added, and the cells were further cultured for 3 hours. After culturing cells were transferred to a 96-well plate accompanied by a culture solution containing Luciferin-CEE, a mixed solution of Luciferin Detection Regent and Recionstation Buffer was added, and the cells were reacted at room temperature in the dark for 1 hour. After 1 hour, the amount of luminescence (Relative Light Unit, RLU) was measured with a luminometer.
[0107]
　The amount of protein was determined by removing the Luciferin-CEE solution diluted with the culture medium, adding 200 μL of PBS (-) to the medium, collecting the cells in an Eppen tube using a cell scraper, and centrifuging (4 ° C., 22000 × g). 10 minutes). Then, the supernatant was removed, 100 μL of 0.1 M sodium hydroxide solution was added, and then the amount of protein was measured using Pierce TM BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The absorbance at a wavelength of 450 nm was measured with a plate reader (Spectra max PLUS384, manufactured by Molecular Devices).
[0108]
　The metabolic activity (pmol / L) of the Luciferin-CEE solution obtained with a luminometer was 　measured using a P450-Glo TM CYP1A1 Assay kit (Promega), and the amount of protein obtained from the absorbance and the Luciferin-CEE solution of the Luciferin-CEE solution. The metabolic activity value (pmol / min / mg protein) was calculated by dividing by the reaction time. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0109]
[Evaluation of
　cell adhesion ] For cell adhesion evaluation, 0.5 mL of a cell suspension of frozen rat hepatocytes was seeded in a container , incubated at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 , and cultured 1 day and 7 days later. It was observed under a microscope. AA is the state in which hepatocytes are adhered and stretched, BB is the state in which hepatocytes are adhered and slightly stretched, and the state in which hepatocytes are adhered but rounded and not stretched or detached. Is shown in Table 1 as CC.
[0110]
[Observation of autofluorescence in culture vessel] Using an
　all-in-one fluorescence microscope BZ-X700 (manufactured by Keyence), blue coloring: BZ-X filter DAPI, green coloring: BZ-X filter GFP, and red Color development: BZ-X filter Through a filter named TexasRed, the culture material on the bottom surface of the culture vessel was observed, and it was observed whether blue, green and red fluorescent colors were generated.
[0111]
[Evaluation of drug sorption]
　0.5 mL of various drug solutions were added to any three wells of a 24-well container, and the drug solutions were collected after standing at 23 ° C. for 2 days. The concentration of the recovered drug solution was measured by fluorescence analysis or LC / MS, the drug residual rate with respect to the drug solution concentration before addition to the container was calculated, and the average value of the drug residual rates in the three wells was obtained. ..
Evaluation drug
1. Rhodamine B phosphate buffered saline (hereinafter referred to as PBS) solution (concentration 10 μmol / L)
2. PBS solution of rhodamine 123 (concentration 10 μmol / L)
3. Rhodamine 6G PBS solution (concentration 10 μmol / L)
4. Cyclosporin A in dimethyl sulfoxide (hereinafter referred to as DMSO) solution (concentration 10 μmol / L)
5. DMSO solution of ticlopidine hydrochloride (concentration 10 μmol / L)
6. DMSO solution of reflunomide (concentration 10 μmol / L)
7. DMSO solution of troglitazone (concentration 10 μmol / L)
8. DMSO solution of isoproterenol hydrochloride (concentration 10 μmol / L)
Concentration analysis of the above-mentioned evaluation agents 1 to 3 was performed by fluorescence analysis, and concentration analysis of evaluation agents 4 to 8 was performed by LC / MS. did.

・ Evaluation device: FP-6600 (JASCO Corporation spectrofluorometer)
・ Cell used: Quartz microcell
-Band width: Excitation side: 5 nm, Fluorescence side: 6 nm
-Sensitivity (PMT voltage): 400 V
-Excitation wavelength: Rhodamine B 555 nm
　　　　　　Rhodamine 123 505 nm
　　　　　　Rhodamine 6G 525 nm
-Fluorescence measurement wavelength: Rhodamine B 580 nm
　　　　　　　　Rhodamine 123 530
　　　　　　　　nm Rhodamine 6G 555 nm
-Scan Speed: 2000 nm / min

・ Equipment: Accuracy UPLC I-class system /
TQ-S micro (water)
・ Ionization method: Electrospray ionization (ESI), Positive / negative ion detection
Detection: Selective reaction monitoring (SRM)
1. 1. Polarity:
Positive: Cyclosporin A, ticlopidine hydrochloride, isoproterenol hydrochloride
Negative: leflunomide, troglitazone
2.
Precursor ion: Cyclosporin A: m / z 1203
Ticlopidine Hydrochloric acid: m / z
264 Reflunomide: m / z 269
Troglitazone: m / z 440
Isoproterenol hydrochloride: m / z 212
3. Product ion:
Cyclosporin A: m / z 156
ticlopidine hydrochloride: m / z
89 reflunomide: m / z 82
troglitazone: m / z 42
isoproterenol hydrochloride: m / z 152
[0112]
[Production Example 1] Method for producing culture material
　TPX® (registered trademark), which is a 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc .: molecular weight (Mw) = 428000, molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) = 4. Using 1), put it into an extruder with a T-die equipped with a full-flight type screw that extrudes the base material layer, set the extrusion temperature to 270 ° C and the roll temperature to 60 ° C, and change the roll rotation speed conditions. By extrusion molding, 6 kinds of films having different thicknesses were obtained. Films having a thickness of 50 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm, 280 μm, and 400 μm were designated as film 1, film 2, film 3, film 4, and film 5, respectively.
[0113]
[Production Example 2] Surface Treatment Method for Culture Material and Preparation Method for Simple Culture Container
　Films 1 to 5 were corona-treated using a table-type corona treatment device (manufactured by Kasuga Electric Works Ltd.) (treatment speed 3 m / min, Output 0.5kW, 2 round trips). Table 1 shows the water contact angles measured on the surface of the culture material at that time.
　Then, it was cut with a punch having a diameter of 23 mm and immersed in ethanol for disinfection (Japanese Pharmacopoeia, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) for 1 hour. After 1 hour, it was immersed in Dalbecco PBS (-) (for culture, Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) for 1 hour to remove ethanol adhering to the surface, and then dried overnight at room temperature to be sterilized and sterilized. The upper and lower surfaces of the film were sandwiched between the polyethylene frames of the above, and culture containers 1 to 5 having an inner diameter of 15 mm on the culture surface were prepared.
[0114]
[Production Example 3] Surface Treatment Method for Culture Material and Preparation Method for 24-Well Culture Plate
　Film 1 was plasma-treated by filling the inside of the chamber with a stream of nitrogen using a normal-pressure plasma surface treatment device (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.). Processing speed 2 m / min, output 4.5 kW, 2 round trips). Table 1 shows the water contact angles measured on the surface of the culture material at that time.
　Then, a plasma-treated film 1 was brought into close contact with the bottom surface of a polystyrene (also referred to as PS) 24-well container frame via a medical adhesive to prepare a 24-well culture plate (culture container 6), and a gamma-ray resistant bag was prepared. It was packed in a container and sterilized by irradiating it with gamma rays of 10 kGy.
[0115]
[Example 1]
　After adding 0.5 mL of a 1.5 mg / mL collagen coat solution to the culture surface of the culture vessel 1 prepared from the film 1 having a thickness of 50 μm, the excess collagen coat solution was removed. After allowing to stand at room temperature for 30 to 60 minutes, the cells were washed with Dulbecco PBS (−) and dried overnight at room temperature. Five collagen-coated culture vessels 1 were prepared by the same method.
[0116]
　Next, a culture solution (0.5 mL) containing rat primary frozen hepatocytes was seeded on each of the culture surfaces of the five culture vessels 1 with a micropipette, covered with a polystyrene lid, and brought into an incubator at 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 Incubation was started. One day later, four culture containers 1 were taken out from the incubator, the bottom surface of the container was looked into from the side, and the presence or absence of film sagging was observed in the culture environment. I couldn't. Next, each of the four culture vessels 1 was observed under a microscope to observe how the cells were adhering and extending. Then, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the medium was measured with one of the four, and the oxygen consumption rate was calculated. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the metabolic activity of the remaining three. (The metabolic activity values ​​are shown in Table 1 as average values ​​of the results of the three containers.) Furthermore, after culturing in the remaining one container for 7 days, the cells were taken out of the incubator and the cells were adhering and extending. The results of observing are shown in Table 1. FIG. 1 shows the results of observing the cells after 1 day and 7 days with a phase-contrast microscope.
[0117]
[Example 2]
　Rat primary frozen hepatocytes were cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a culture vessel 2 prepared from a film 2 having a thickness of 100 μm was used. One day later, as a result of observing the bottom surface of the container from the side and observing the presence or absence of the film hanging in the culture environment, no hanging was observed without any change from that at the time of making the container. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1.
[0118]
[Example 3]
　Rat primary frozen hepatocytes were cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a culture vessel 3 prepared from a film 3 having a thickness of 200 μm was used. One day later, as a result of observing the bottom surface of the container from the side and observing the presence or absence of the film hanging in the culture environment, no hanging was observed without any change from that at the time of making the container. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1.
[0119]
[Example 4]
　Rat primary frozen hepatocytes were cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a culture vessel 4 prepared from a film 4 having a thickness of 280 μm was used. One day later, as a result of observing the bottom surface of the container from the side and observing the presence or absence of the film hanging in the culture environment, no hanging was observed without any change from that at the time of making the container. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1.
[0120]
[Example 5]
　Rat primary frozen hepatocytes were cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a culture vessel 5 prepared from a film 5 having a thickness of 400 μm was used. One day later, as a result of observing the bottom surface of the container from the side and observing the presence or absence of the film hanging in the culture environment, no hanging was observed without any change from that at the time of making the container. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1.
[0121]
[Example 6]
　Rat primary frozen hepatocytes were cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the culture vessel 6 which was the 24-well culture plate prepared in Production Example 3 was used. At this time, 4 out of 24 wells were used. One day later, as a result of observing the bottom surface of the container from the side and observing the presence or absence of the film hanging in the culture environment, no hanging was observed without any change from that at the time of making the container. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1.
[0122]
[Example 7]
　Using the culture vessel 6 which is the 24-well culture plate prepared in Production Example 3, a culture solution (0.5 mL) containing rat primary frozen hepatocytes was directly applied without performing collagen coating. The cells were seeded in each of the four wells of the culture vessel 6, and the rat primary frozen hepatocytes were cultured in the same manner as in Example 1. One day later, as a result of observing the bottom surface of the container from the side and observing the presence or absence of the film hanging in the culture environment, no hanging was observed without any change from that at the time of making the container. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1.
[0123]
[Example 8] Rat primary frozen hepatocytes were cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that
　the cell density in the culture medium was changed to 4.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 . One day later, as a result of observing the bottom surface of the container from the side and observing the presence or absence of the film hanging in the culture environment, no hanging was observed without any change from that at the time of making the container. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1.
[0124]
[Example 9]
　TPX® (registered trademark), which is a 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 95,000 and a molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of 3.5, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. ) Was used, and a film 6 having a thickness of 50 μm was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1.
　Rat primary frozen hepatocytes were cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that film 1 was changed to film 6. One day later, as a result of observing the bottom surface of the container from the side and observing the presence or absence of the film hanging in the culture environment, no hanging was observed without any change from that at the time of making the container. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1.
[0125]
[Example 10]
　As a result of observing the bottom surface of the culture vessel of Example 5 in which the culture material is a 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer with a fluorescence microscope and confirming whether autofluorescence derived from the culture material is generated, the BZ-X filter DAPI , BZ-X filter GFP and BZ-X filter TexasRed did not show fluorescence derived from the material when observed with any of the wavelength filters, and it was found that the cells could be observed directly on the culture surface of the container. FIG. 4 shows a photograph of the culture surface observed with a fluorescence microscope.
[0126]
[Comparative Example 1]
　A film 6 having a thickness of 600 μm was prepared by the same method as in Production Example 1, and the surface treatment and sterilization of the film 6 were carried out in the same manner as in Production Example 2 to prepare a culture vessel c1. Then, rat primary frozen hepatocytes were cultured in the same manner as in Example 1. After 24 hours, the bottom surface of the container was looked into from the lateral direction and the presence or absence of the film dripping was observed in the culture environment. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1.
[0127]
[Comparative Example 2] A
　culture vessel c2 was prepared by sterilizing a film 1 having a thickness of 50 μm without performing the surface treatment of Production Example 2. Next, collagen coating was performed according to Example 1, but the collagen-containing solution was repelled on the culture surface, and collagen coating could not be performed, leading to the culture of rat primary frozen hepatocytes.
[0128]
[Comparative Example 3]
　Using the culture vessel c2 prepared in Comparative Example 2, a culture solution (0.5 mL) of primary rat primary frozen hepatocytes was directly seeded without collagen coating, and covered with a polystyrene lid in an incubator. And started culturing under 5% CO 2 at 37 ° C. One day later, the film was taken out of the incubator, the bottom surface of the container was looked into from the side, and the presence or absence of the film dripping was observed in the culture environment. Next, when the medium was removed to evaluate the dissolved oxygen concentration and metabolic activity, the cells did not settle on the culture surface and were removed from the container together with the medium, leaving only a few cells on the culture surface, and the dissolved oxygen concentration. And metabolic activity could not be evaluated. Evaluation after 7 days was discontinued.
[0129]
[Comparative Example 4]
　Rat primary frozen hepatocytes in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a commercially available 24-well TCPS culture vessel (manufactured by Corning Inc.) (manufactured by polystyrene (PS)) having a culture surface thickness of 1000 μm was used. The cells were cultured. One day later, as a result of observing the bottom surface of the container from the side and observing the presence or absence of the film hanging in the culture environment, no hanging was observed without any change from that at the time of making the container. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1. FIG. 2 shows the results of observing the cells after 1 day and 7 days with a phase-contrast microscope.
[0130]
[Comparative Example 5]
　A commercially available 24-well PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) culture container (product name G-plate, VECELL model number V24WGPB-10) having a culture material thickness of 350 μm was used as the high oxygen permeation container. Cultured rat primary frozen hepatocytes in the same manner as in Example 1. One day later, the film was taken out of the incubator, the bottom surface of the container was looked into from the side, and the presence or absence of the film hanging was observed in the culture environment. As a result, the film was changed to a state of bending downward and hanging. When the medium was removed to evaluate the dissolved oxygen concentration and metabolic activity, the cells proliferated in a clustered state in the center of the culture surface. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1. FIG. 3 shows the results of observing the cells after 1 day and 7 days with a phase-contrast microscope.
[0131]
[Comparative Example 6]
　(manufactured by Corning) 24-well TCPS culture container according to Comparative Example 4 using (polystyrene (PS) Ltd.), the cell density in the culture × 10 4.0 5 cells / cm 2 in Rat primary frozen hepatocytes were cultured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that they were changed. One day later, as a result of observing the bottom surface of the container from the side and observing the presence or absence of the film hanging in the culture environment, no hanging was observed without any change from that at the time of making the container. As a result of culturing after 1 day, the oxygen consumption rate was calculated from the cell adhesion and the dissolved oxygen concentration, the measured value of the metabolic activity, and the result of evaluating the cell adhesion after 7 days are shown in Table 1.
[0132]
[Comparative Example 7]
　As a result of observing the bottom surface of the culture vessel of Comparative Example 4 in which the culture material is polystyrene with a fluorescence microscope, fluorescence derived from the material was observed when observed with the wavelength filters of the BZ-X filter GFP and the BZ-X filter TexasRed. However, when observed with the wavelength filter of the BZ-X filter DAPI, blue light emission derived from the material was observed. It was found that the cells could not be directly observed by fluorescence in the culture vessel. FIG. 5 shows a photograph of the culture surface observed with a fluorescence microscope.
[0133]
[Table 1-1]

[0134]
[Table 1-2]

[0135]
　From Table 1, in the culture of rat primary frozen hepatocytes using the culture vessel in which the culture material of the present invention was placed at the bottom of the culture vessel, long-term culture for up to 7 days was possible. There was no bending of the bottom surface of the container, and the cells adhered and proliferated uniformly over the entire culture surface and maintained their morphology. The bottom surface of the container has a molecular weight (Mw) of 95,000 and maintains sufficient strength without bending even when a film 6 having a film thickness of 50 μm is used as a culture material, and the 4-methyl-1-pentene weight of the present invention is maintained. The culture material containing the coalescence (X) had excellent shape stability.
[0136]
　Looking at the effect of culturing rat primary frozen hepatocytes using the culture material of the present invention in more detail, the oxygen consumption rate of the cells calculated by measuring the oxygen concentration in the medium one day after culturing is 40 pmol / s / 10 5 It was more than cells, maintained a sufficient oxygen consumption rate even as a result of increasing the cell density four times, and oxygen was effectively supplied through the culture medium. As a result, the metabolic activity value for evaluating the metabolic activity of the drug as the function of hepatocytes was high, and the cell function was maintained normally. On the other hand, oxygen consumption in Comparative Example 1 and 4 30 Pmol/s/10 5 less than cells, at least rat primary frozen hepatocytes proliferate, the oxygen necessary to express functional has not been supplied. As a result, the cells cultured in the PS containers of Comparative Examples 4 and 6 had low metabolic activity values, and even though the cells were proliferating, they could not express normal functions.
[0137]
　Furthermore, as a result of using a culture container in which PDMS, which is widely known as a highly oxygen permeable container, is placed on the bottom surface of the container (Comparative Example 5), although the inner diameter of one hole is 16 mm, which is not so large, The PDMS at the bottom of the container was greatly bent in the form one day later. It is presumed that this is because the hanging distance of the PDMS film is 48 mm and it is easy to bend. At this time, the cells were clustered in the center of the bottom surface of the container, and the metabolic activity value was very low when confirmed. There is a difference in cell density between the clustered cells, and in a dense state, problems such as oxygen deficiency are expected. In addition, material-derived defects such as the effects of poisoning by the residual monomer of PDMS are also conceivable.
[0138]
　Furthermore, regarding the surface properties of the culture material of the present invention, in both cases where cells are directly seeded and cultured on the surface of the culture material or when the culture material is cultured with a collagen coat, the cells and collagen are in good condition. It was in close contact with the surface. On the other hand, from the results shown in Comparative Examples 2 and 3, at least in the culture using collagen or cells of the present embodiment, it is necessary that the surface of the culture material is hydrophilic (constant water contact angle). Was done. A wide variety of cells are known, and various culturing methods are also known depending on the cells and their purposes. At present, the hydrophilization treatment on the surface of a culture material is performed when the oxygen permeable container of the present invention is used. It is positioned as a useful method as one means of.
[0139]
[Example 11] A
　drug sorption test was carried out on the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer container used in Example 6. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0140]
[Comparative Examples 7 and 8] The
　24-well TCPS culture vessel (manufactured by Corning) (made of polystyrene (PS)) used in Comparative Example 4 and the 24-well PDMS culture vessel (product name G-plate) used in Comparative Example 5. , VECELL TM model number V24WGPB-10) was subjected to a drug sorption test and used as Comparative Examples 7 and 8, respectively. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0141]
[Table 2]

[0142]
　　From Table 2, it was found that when the culture container in which the culture material of the present invention was arranged at the bottom of the culture container was used (Example 11), the drug was less likely to be collected than the PS container and the PDMS container. That is, the culture material containing the 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) of the present invention had excellent drug low adhesion.
[0143]
　From the above results, the culture material of the present invention has excellent shape stability and oxygen supply, as well as excellent adhesion to cells and the like, and despite being a resin container, does not generate autofluorescence, and the cultured cells. It was found that it is also excellent in the convenience of being able to observe the fluorescence as it is. In addition, since it has low drug harborability, it is suitably used for drug discovery screening and diagnostic purposes.
Industrial applicability
[0144]
　As described above, the culture material of the present invention can cultivate a wide variety of cells, and can also be used for various culture methods according to the cells and their purposes. Further, the surface of the culture material of the present invention When the hydrophilization treatment of the above is applied, it can be applied to more applications and has industrial applicability.
The scope of the claims
[Claim 1]
　A cell, tissue, or organ culture material containing 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X), having a water contact angle of 50 ° to 100 ° on the culture surface, and the following
　test method (A). A culture material having a hanging distance of 0 to 5 mm and
　an oxygen permeability of 4500 to 90000 cm 3 / (m 2 x 24 h x atm) at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 0% .
　Test method (A): A flat plate-shaped test piece having the same material as the culture material and the same thickness as the culture surface of the culture material and having a length × width of 100 mm × 10 mm is prepared.
　The test piece is fixed to the test table in a state where 50 mm with respect to the vertical dimension of the test piece protrudes horizontally from the horizontal upper surface of the test table.
　Three minutes after fixing, the distance at which the tip of the test piece protruding from the test table hangs vertically downward from the horizontal plane including the upper surface of the test table is measured. (However, the measurement is performed at room temperature from the above fixation.)
[Claim 2]
　The 4-methyl-1-pentene polymer (X) contains 4-methyl-1-pentene homopolymer (x1), 4-methyl-1-pentene, ethylene, and α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. The culture material according to claim 1, which is at least one polymer selected from a polymer (x2) with at least one olefin selected from (excluding 4-methyl-1-pentene).
[Claim 3]
　When the following test method (B) was performed at a cell density of 1.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 4.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 of the seeded rat primary cultured hepatocytes, the cell density was said to be the same. The culture material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dissolved oxygen concentration in the culture solution after 1 hour is 2 to 20% of the saturated oxygen concentration in the culture solution at at least one point in the range of.
　Test method (B): Culture consisting of a cylindrical portion made of polyethylene and a flat bottom portion made of the same material as the culture material and having the same thickness as the culture surface of the culture material. Rat primary cultured hepatocytes were seeded in a collagen-coated culture vessel having an area of ​​2 cm 2 with 0.5 mL of a culture solution for rat primary hepatocytes, and the temperature was 37 ° C., carbon dioxide concentration was 5.0%, and oxygen concentration was 20. After culturing under% and removing the culture broth in the culture vessel 24 hours after seeding, 0.5 mL of the culture broth is newly added, and the oxygen concentration is measured at a height of 80 μm from the bottom surface of the culture vessel for 1 hour.
[Claim 4]
　When the test method (B) was performed at a cell density of 1.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 to 4.0 × 10 5 cells / cm 2 of the seeded rat primary cultured hepatocytes , the cell density. in at least one point of the range, the oxygen consumption rate is ~ 150 pmol 40 / s / 10 5 is cells, culture material according to claim 3.
[Claim 5]
　The culture material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is a film, a sheet, or a culture container.
[Claim 6]
　The culture material according to claim 5, wherein the culture container is a petri dish, a flask, an insert, a plate, a bottle or a bag.
[Claim 7]
　The culture material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the culture surface is microfabricated.
[Claim 8]
　A microchannel device comprising the culture material according to claim 7.
[Claim 9]
　A culture vessel in which at least the culture surface is formed of the culture material according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
[Claim 10]
　The culture vessel according to claim 9, which has at least one well.
[Claim 11]
A culture instrument comprising the culture material according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the culture container according to claim 9 or 10.
[Claim 12]
　The culture apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the culture surface is coated with a natural polymer material, a synthetic polymer material, or an inorganic material.
[Claim 13]
　A method for culturing cells, tissues, or organs, which comprises the step of incubating cells, tissues, or organs in the incubator according to claim 11 or 12.
[Claim 14]
　The method for culturing cells, tissues, or organs according to claim 13, wherein the cells, tissues, or organs are hepatocytes.