DESC:Field of Invention
[001] The invention relates to an internal combustion engine. It more particularly relates to cylinder head of Diesel fuelled Internal Combustion (IC) engine. It specifically relates to the cylinder head having features useful for reducing IC engine exhaust emissions.
Background of the Invention
[002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[003] A typical exhaust gas treatment system, as provided in a diesel-fuelled internal combustion engine, takes a portion of the exhaust gases from the exhaust manifold and returns it with fresh air back into the engine through the intake manifold. This action adds a portion of inert mass to the air being fed into the cylinders, which does not participate in combustion but absorbs heat, thereby creating conditions where NOx formation is inhibited. Expressed using common terms, such an Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system works by returning a small portion of exhaust gas to the engine's combustion chambers through the intake manifold, lowering combustion temperatures and therefore reducing the amount of NOx emitted. This process can be made more effective by cooling the exhaust gases being recirculated into the engine. Such cooling requirements have to be met by using existing cooling features or smaller coolers or without adding too many additional cooling features to the vehicle if the costs are to be kept low. A cylinder head, with all its desirable features facilitating these tasks, has to be easy to assemble so as not to add to the assembly time of the engine.
[004] Conventional EGR systems have too many joints that can leak exhaust gases, thereby making it harder to meet the requirement of supplying the cylinders with sufficient exhaust gases. Pressure drop across the exhaust gas recirculation channel is, therefore, also an issue that needs to be accounted for while providing a cylinder head for the engine. The leakages can act as an obstruction to meeting the newly imposed regulatory requirements on diesel-fuelled internal combustion engine emission control. A shorter exhaust gas recirculation path with fewer joints is, for such reasons, desirable.
[005] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[006] The recitation of ranges of values herein is merely intended to serve as a shorthand method of referring individually to each separate value falling within the range. Unless otherwise indicated herein, each individual value is incorporated into the specification as if it were individually recited herein. All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g. “such as”) provided with respect to certain embodiments herein is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of the invention.
[007] Groupings of alternative elements or embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member can be referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with other members of the group or other elements found herein. One or more members of a group can be included in, or deleted from, a group for reasons of convenience and/or patentability. When any such inclusion or deletion occurs, the specification is herein deemed to contain the group as modified thus fulfilling the written description of all groups used in the appended claims.
[008] Therefore, it is an objective of the present invention to provide a cylinder head that has a shorter EGR gas recirculation path.
[009] It is another objective of the present invention to provide a cylinder head that has an exhaust gas recirculation path with fewer joints to lower the possibility of exhaust gas leakage.
[0010] It is still another objective of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas recirculation channel in the cylinder head that has lower pressure drop.
[0011] It is yet another objective of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas recirculation channel in cylinder head with a smaller cooler size.
[0012] It is still another objective of the present invention to provide a cylinder head which that is easy to assemble.

Summary of the Invention
[0013] The cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel, achieving the stated objectives, is comprised by, cam caps, lifting hooks, coolant circulation openings, EGR gas passage, EGR gas passage openings, Perpendicular projections, Exhaust outlet openings, Air inlet openings, Inlet valve openings, Outler valve openings, Injector opening, and Coolant circulation paths. The body of the cylinder head has a top portion on which multiple cam caps are installed using conventional attachment means. The top portion of the cylinder head body has depressions between each pair of cam caps. The recesses along an inward curved surface of the cam caps, along with matching recesses given on the top portion of the cylinder head, form circular openings. The cam caps located at either end of the cylinder head body are configured to have an arch-shaped section with recess along an inward curved surface forming a circular opening together with a matching recess on the top portion of the cylinder head body. The circular openings formed by cam caps receive and hold the camshaft on the top portion of the cylinder head body.
[0014] The lifting hooks have three circular openings; the first circular opening located above the other two circular openings is larger than the other two circular openings. The portion of the lifting hooks having the first circular openings is bent outwards away from the cylinder head body. The other two circular openings located below the first circular openings accommodate conventional fastenings means attaching said lifting hooks along the top side edge of the cylinder head body.
[0015] The openings (20), are provided in a middle portion of the cylinder head body along the side surface of said cylinder head body, such that said openings (20) have an axis that is parallel to the axis of openings formed by the cam caps and the cylinder head body, the openings (20) lead into interconnected coolant circulation paths provided within the middle portion of the cylinder body.
[0016] The EGR gas passage, having openings (25A, 25B) on the same planes as the openings (35A, 35B), respectively, is positioned within the cylinder head body along the side of a lower portion of the cylinder head body.
[0017] Perpendicular projections, projecting from the lower surface of the lower portion of the cylinder head body in two parallel rows of five equally spaced projections each, the perpendicular projections align and fix the cylinder head body on the engine.
[0018] The plane on which the opening (25A) and the exhaust outlet openings (35A) are provided is parallel to the plane on which the opening (25B) and the air inlet openings (35B) are provided.
[0019] The inlet valve openings proceed downwards from an upper surface of the top portion of the cylinder head body and into openings in the lower portion of the cylinder head body and also merge into exhaust outlet paths leading upto the exhaust outlet openings. The outlet valve openings proceed downwards from an upper surface of the top portion of the cylinder head body and into the openings in the lower portion of the cylinder head body and also merge into an air inlet path leading upto the air inlet openings. And injector openings proceed downwards from an upper surface of the top portion of the cylinder head body and into the same opening in the lower portion of the cylinder head body that also receive said openings (40A and 40B). The injector openings are positioned so as to lie at a location between a set formed by openings (40A and 40B) but not along the line passing through the centres of the openings (40A and 40B).
Brief Description of Drawings
[0020] The present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings that contain references numerals for indicating its various parts. The description of the present invention would therefore be better understood with reference to accompanying diagrams, wherein
[0021] Figure 1 disclose an engine that has been provided with the cylinder head in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 2 disclose the fully assembled cylinder head, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 3 discloses the cylinder head, excluding the fasteners and attachment lifting means, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 4 discloses the cut section of the cylinder head in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 5 discloses another cut section of the cylinder head in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description of the Invention
[0026] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such detail as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[0027] Referring to the set of figures 1, 2 and 3, a cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel (100), in accordance with the disclosed invention, comprises of cam caps (10), lifting hooks (15), coolant circulation openings (20), EGR gas passage (25), EGR gas passage openings (25A, 25B), Perpendicular projections (30P), Exhaust outlet openings (35A), Air inlet openings (35B), Inlet valve openings (40A), Outler valve openings (40B), Injector opening (40C), and Coolant circulation jacket (45P).
[0028] Figure 1 shows an engine that has been provided with a cylinder head with an exhaust gas recirculation channel (100) in accordance with the present invention. The exhaust manifold (2) (refer to Fig. 1) connects with exhaust outlet openings (35A) and receives engine exhaust through the same. The exhaust from the exhaust manifold (2) is then transferred to an opening (25A) of an EGR gas passage (25). The head cover (3) is positioned and attached above the cylinder head with an exhaust gas recirculation channel (100) in accordance with the present invention, covering it from the top. The EGR valve (3) forming part of the EGR system serves as a controlling device for exhaust gas quantity recirculated in the intake manifold. The EGR valve (3) of the EGR system is connected directly with the opening (25B) of the EGR gas passage (25). The turbocharger (5) serves as a pressure-boosting device for the fresh charge, using energy from exhaust gases. The flywheel (6) is an energy-storing device that reduces fluctuation in engine power at the output shaft. The crankcase (7) is provided to accommodate the crankshaft and the oil gallery beneath the piston. The fan (8) is used to provide selective cooling to the engine through air draft when the component temperature crosses a certain threshold.
[0029] In the cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel (100), refer to Figs (2 to 5), the body of the cylinder head has a top portion on which multiple cam caps (10) are attached using conventional attachment means. These conventional attachment means are ordinarily bolts of appropriate dimensions. The top portion of the cylinder head body has depressions between each pair of cam caps (10). The recesses along an inward curved surface of the cam caps (10), along with the matching recess given on the top portion of the cylinder head (refer to Fig. 3), form a circular opening.
[0030] The cam caps (10) (refer Fig. 2) located at either end of the cylinder head body are configured to have an arch-shaped section with recess along an inward curved surface forming a circular opening together with the matching recess on the top portion of the cylinder head body (refer Fig. 3). The circular openings formed by cam caps (10) receive and hold the camshaft on the top portion of the cylinder head body. The cam shaft’s projections rest above the valve stems of the valves provided in openings (40A and 40B).
[0031] The lifting hooks (15) (refer to Fig. 2) have three circular openings; the first circular opening located above the other two circular openings is larger than the other two circular openings. The portion of the lifting hooks (15) having the first circular openings is bent outwards away from the cylinder head body. The other two circular openings located below the first circular openings accommodate conventional fastenings means attaching said lifting hooks (15) along the top side edge of the cylinder head body. The conventional fastening means are ordinarily bolts of appropriate dimensions.
[0032] The openings (20) (refer Fig. 5) are provided in a middle portion of the cylinder head body along the side surface of said cylinder head body, such that said openings (20) have an axis that is parallel to the axis of openings formed by the cam caps (10) and the cylinder head body. The openings (20) (refer to Fig 5) lead into an interconnected coolant circulation jacket (45P) provided within the middle portion of the cylinder body.
[0033] The EGR gas passage (25), having openings (25A, 25B) (refer to Figs 4 and 5) on the same planes as the openings (35A, 35B), respectively, is positioned within the cylinder head body along the side of a lower portion of the cylinder head body. The plane on which the opening (25A) and the exhaust outlet openings (35A) are provided is parallel to the plane on which the opening (25B) and the air inlet openings (35B) are provided.
[0034] Perpendicular projections (30P) (refer to Fig. 2) project from the lower surface of the lower portion of the cylinder head body in two parallel rows of five equally spaced projections each. The perpendicular projections (30P) align and fix the cylinder head body to the engine.
[0035] The inlet valve openings (40A) (refer Fig 4) proceed downwards from an upper surface of the top portion of the cylinder head body and into openings in the lower portion of the cylinder head body and also merge into exhaust outlet paths leading upto the exhaust outlet openings (35B). The outlet valve openings (40B) proceed downwards from an upper surface of the top portion of the cylinder head body and into the openings in the lower portion of the cylinder head body and also merge into an air inlet path leading upto the air inlet openings (35A); and injector openings (40C) proceed downwards from an upper surface of the top portion of the cylinder head body and into the same opening in the lower portion of the cylinder head body that also receive said openings (40A and 40B). The injector openings (40C) are positioned so as to lie at a location between a set formed by openings (40A and 40B) but not along the line passing through the centres of the openings (40A and 40B).
[0036] In the cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel (100), in accordance with the present invention, the coolant circulation jacket (45P), connected with openings (20), is configured to occupy the interconnected spaces given inside the middle portion of the cylinder head body between respective openings (40A, 40B and 40C) (refer Fig 5).
[0037] In the cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel (100), in accordance with the present invention, the coolant circulation jacket (45P) occupies interconnected spaces positioned in a plane above the openings into which said openings (40A, 40B, and 40C) merge in the lower portion of the cylinder head body (refer Figs. 4 and 5).
[0038] In the cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel (100), in accordance with the present invention, the opening (25A) of the EGR gas passage (25) is linked with said exhaust outlet openings (35A) through an exhaust manifold (2), and the opening (25B) of the EGR gas passage (25) is linked with EGR valve (4) of the EGR system. The air inlet openings (35A) are linked with the inlet manifold.
[0039] The cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel (100), in accordance with the present invention (refer to Figs. 2 and 3), is provided with multiple additional openings (unnumbered) on its body (on the top, the sides and the bottom) to allow it to be connected with other components of the engine.
[0040] The EGR gas passage (20), as shown in Figs 2 to 5, receives the exhaust gas flow from the exhaust manifold (2) and allows it to proceed into the EGR system (and the EGR valve (4)) through an intermediate connecting passage. The EGR gas passage (20) is a passage provided within the body of the cylinder head. The EGR gas passage (20), as provided within the cylinder head (100) in accordance with the present invention, reduces the available leakage points. Given the reduction in the number of joints bought by the cylinder head (100) in accordance with the present invention, the associated assembly time is also reduced. Figure 2 illustrates the fully assembled cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation passage (100).
[0041] The openings of the EGR gas passage (20), built into the cylinder head, reduce the time and distance of the exhaust gas flow from the exhaust manifold (2) to the EGR system. No further connections are required for the connecting of the EGR system to the exhaust manifold (2). The cooling jacket (45P) given inside the cylinder head (100), in accordance with the present invention, allows a coolant to circulate through the cylinder head (100), thereby enabling the cooling of exhaust gases as well. The cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation passage (100), in accordance with the present invention, resolves the problem of providing an exhaust gas flow path within a compact cylinder head layout and reduces the time taken for exhaust gas flow to reach the EGR system.
[0030] Technical advantages offered by the invention, i.e., the cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel (100), are-
- It provides an exhaust gas recirculation channel within the cylinder head.
- It provides a shorter EGR gas recirculation path.
- It provides an exhaust gas recirculation channel in the cylinder head, which helps ensure that there is very little lower pressure drop.
- It provides an exhaust gas recirculation channel in the cylinder head that enables the provision of a cooler of a smaller size.
- It provides a cylinder head with a compact layout of its features, which is also easy to assemble on the engine.
- It helps ensure uniform coolant circulation despite the provision of EGR passage in the cylinder head.
[0042] The cylinder head with the exhaust gas recirculation channel (100) so disclosed achieves all its stated objectives.
[0043] It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that many more modifications besides those already described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The inventive subject matter, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the spirit of the appended claims. Moreover, in interpreting both the specification and the claims, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context. In particular, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, or utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly referenced. Where the specification claims refers to at least one of something selected from the group consisting of A, B, C ….and N, the text should be interpreted as requiring only one element from the group, not A plus N, or B plus N, etc. The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
[0044] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The scope of the invention is determined by the claims that follow. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.
,CLAIMS:We Claim,
1. A cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel (100) comprising,
• cam caps (10),
• lifting hooks (15),
• coolant circulation openings (20),
• EGR gas passage (25),
• EGR gas passage openings (25A, 25B),
• Perpendicular projections (30P),
• Exhaust outlet openings (35A),
• Air inlet openings (35B),
• Inlet valve openings (40A),
• Outler valve openings (40B),
• Injector opening (40C), and
• Coolant circulation jacket (45P)
wherein,
- the body of the cylinder head has top portion on which multiple cam caps (10) are attached using conventional attachment means, said top portion of the cylinder head body has depressions between each pair of cam caps (10), the recesses along an inward curved surface of the cam caps (10) along with matching recesses given on the top portion of the cylinder head form circular openings, the cam caps (10) located at either ends of the cylinder head body are configured to have an arch shaped section with recesses along an inward curved surface forming circular openings together with matching recesses on the top portion of the cylinder head body, the circular openings formed by cam caps (10) receive and hold the cam shaft on the top portion of the cylinder head body;
- the lifting hooks (15) has three circular openings, the first circular opening located above the other two circular openings is larger than the other two circular openings, the portion of the lifting hooks (15) having the first circular openings is bent outwards away from the cylinder head body, the other two circular openings located below the first circular openings accommodate conventional fastenings means attaching said lifting hooks (15) along the top side edge of the cylinder head body;
- the openings (20), are provided in a middle portion of the cylinder head body along the side surface of said cylinder head body, such that said openings (20) have an axis that is parallel to the axis of openings formed by the cam caps (10) and the cylinder head body, the openings (20) lead into interconnected coolant circulation jacket (45P) provided within the middle portion of the cylinder body;
- the EGR gas passage (25), having openings (25A, 25B) on the same planes as the openings (35A, 35B), respectively, is positioned within the cylinder head body along the side of a lower portion of the cylinder head body;
- Perpendicular projections (30P) project from the lower surface of the lower portion of the cylinder head body in two parallel rows of five equally spaced projections each, said perpendicular projections (30P) align and fix the cylinder head body on the engine;
- The plane on which the opening (25A) and the exhaust outlet openings (35A) are provided is parallel to the plane on which opening (25B) and the air inlet openings (35B) are provided; and
- The inlet valve openings (40A) proceed downwards from an upper surface of the top portion of the cylinder head body and into openings in the lower portion of the cylinder head body and also merge into exhaust outlet paths leading upto the exhaust outlet openings (35B), the outlet valve openings (40B) proceed downwards from an upper surface of the top portion of the cylinder head body and into the openings in the lower portion of the cylinder head body and also merge into an air inlet path leading upto the air inlet openings (35A), and injector openings (40C) proceed downwards from an upper surface of the top portion of the cylinder head body and into the same opening in the lower portion of the cylinder head body that also receive said openings (40A and 40B), the injector openings (40C) are positioned so as to lie at a location between a set formed by openings (40A and 40B) but not along the line passing through the centres of the openings (40A and 40B).
2. The cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel (100), as claimed in claim 1, wherein the interconnected coolant circulation jacket (45P), connected with openings (20), is configured to occupy the interconnected spaces given inside the middle portion of the cylinder head body between respective openings (40A, 40B and 40C).
3. The cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel (100), as claimed in claim 2, wherein the interconnected coolant circulation jacket (45P) occupies interconnected spaces positioned in a plane above the openings into which said openings (40A, 40B, and 40C) merge in the lower portion of the cylinder head body.
4. The cylinder head with exhaust gas recirculation channel (100) as claimed in claim 3, wherein the opening (25A) of the EGR gas passage (25) is linked with said exhaust outlet openings (35A) through an exhaust manifold (2), and the opening (25B) of the EGR gas passage (25) is linked with an EGR system through a short intermediate connecting passage.
Dated 11th day of March 2024

Yours Faithfully

ANIL KUMAR PANDEY
(IN P/A 2359)
AGENT FOR THE APPLICANT(S)