Field of Invention
The main goal of this study is to offer a smart postal mailbox application. The application's primary job is to detect the presence of a package in the mailbox. A smart postal mailbox solution comprises of both hardware and software components. The application's hardware component comprises the design of a postal mailbox and the selection of relevant components that provide certain smart functionalities. The smart postal mailbox's software guarantees that the hardware components work properly. With the rise in popularity of e-commerce, the number of shipments sent is continuously growing. This fact implies a big opportunity for the logistics and postal services industries. Currently, the postal sector is experiencing a difficulty when receivers do not have time to accept delivery from a courier or postman, therefore packages are left at the post office or other contact delivery places. Several efforts aimed at improving the efficiency of mail delivery have been initiated in this area. The subject of improving consignment deliverability has become a hot topic of debate among national and international organisations concerned in last mile logistics.

Background of Invention
Curbside, wall-mounted, and slot-type mailboxes are the most common types. The transmitting mechanism consists of an adjustable button that may be used to position an adjacent tilt switch, allowing the device to send a signal at any mailbox opening. The tilt switch completes a circuit when the mailbox door is opened past a specified angle, sending a signal to a distant receiver, which triggers a sound and visual alert signalling that mail has been put in the mailbox. Replacing the traditional mailbox with a safe, connected, and open platform will almost certainly unlock the delivery service's creative potential. The smart postal mailbox may be accessed and managed electronically by the receiver for any purpose. While the typical mailbox is silent, the smart postal mailbox sends and receives information from many sources (SMS, emails, alerts). It also gives electronic confirmation of delivery to the post office (e.g. pin code associated with the right to open a specific parcel). The invention's goal is to offer a smart postal mailbox idea whose principal purpose is to detect the presence of mail in the mailbox.

Object of Invention
o Battery
o Micro controller
o IR Sensor
o RTC Circuit
o IoT Module

Summary of Invention
The smart postal mailbox's logical design incorporates a software solution created in the Arduino integrated programming environment, as well as a database that stores data collected by sensors. Collecting mail from letter boxes is one of the most time-consuming chores for USPS carriers. Every box in their region must be visited by drivers. Smart mailbox systems might reduce not just vehicle emissions, but also the size of the fleet required to satisfy customer service needs. The capacity to differentiate whether boxes contain mail from those that do not can cut down on the time spent collecting mail, the distance driven by each driver, the fuel required by the cars, and the pollutants produced by diving. The postal service has traditionally used non-smart blue collection boxes, which are simple collection containers with no sensors to show the amount of mail. The blue collecting bins are not intelligent.
The purpose of this technology is to identify mail from a blue collecting box and deliver it to a base station. The information might be received and interoperated by a data analyst or a postal service manager. The postal service provider can plan the routes for the drivers based on the information obtained. This enables for significantly more cost-effective mail gathering.
The current invention is an IoT-based locked smart mailbox that can only be opened by an authorised individual, as well as a system to administer it. The IoT-based closed smart mailbox includes: at least one mailbox for each household, the door of which is locked and unlocked under the control of a locking device; a mail detection sensor that detects insertion of a mail into the mailbox for each household and removal of an inserted mail from the mailbox for each household; and a control device that controls the locking and unlocking of the door of the mailbox for each household, wherein the control device comprises: a mail detection sensor; and a mail detection sensor that Closed smart IoT system over a communication network, a mailbox management system, an information terminal for each household member, and an information terminal for a mail carrier; a storage unit that registers information about each household member and information about the mail carrier's information terminal transmitted from the server-type IoT-based closed smart mailbox management system; and a controller that controls the locking and unlocking of each household's mailbox door by checking whether information about a household member or information about a mail carrier transmitted from a mailbox management app installed on the household member's or the mail carrier's information terminal matches the information registered in the storage unit,

Detailed Description of Invention
In this invention, when the power supply is connected to the controller it starts functioning. There is two IR Sensor which one is for input and the other is for output. The Real Time clock that is attached to the controller save all the data with date and time and passes the data to the main server which in turn is displayed through the webpage after authentication via the IoT Module.
A battery is a device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy. The chemical reactions in a battery involve the flow of electrons from one material (electrode) to another, through an external circuit. The flow of electrons provides an electric current that can be used to do work. Arduino is an open-source platform used for building electronics projects. Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs on your computer, used to write and upload computer code to the physical board.
The ESP8266 can be operated through the internet (with the port shipping) from your local Wi-Fi network. The ESP-01 has GPIO pins, which can be programmed by the Internet to transform an LED or a relay ON / OFF. The module can be programmed by means of serial pins (RX, TX), using an Arduino / USB- to-TTL converter. A real-time clock (RTC) is a battery-powered clock that is included in a microchip in a computer motherboard. This microchip is usually separate from the microprocessor and other chips and is often referred to simply as "the CMOS" (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor). A small memory on this microchip stores system description or setup values - including current time values stored by the real-time clock. The time values are for the year, month, date, hours, minutes, and seconds. When the computer is turned on, the Basic Input-Output Operating System (BIOS) that is stored in the computer's read-only memory (ROM) microchip reads the current time from the memory in the chip with the real-time clock.An infrared sensor is an electronic device that emits in order to sense some aspects of the surroundings. An IR sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as detects the motion. Usually in the infrared spectrum, all the objects radiate some form of thermal radiations. These types of radiations are invisible to our eyes, that can be detected by an infrared sensor. The emitter is simply an IR LED (Light Emitting Diode) and the detector is simply an IR photodiode which is sensitive to IR light of the same wavelength as that emitted by the IR LED. When IR light falls on the photodiode, the resistances and these output voltages, change in proportion to the magnitude of the IRAightje.ceived.

Detailed Description of Drawings
(1) Figure (i) shows the Block Diagram
(2) Figure (ii) shows the Power Supply or Battery
A battery is a device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy. The chemical, reactions in a battery involve the flow of electrons from one material (electrode) to another, through an external circuit. The flow of electrons provides an electric current that can be used to do work.
(3) Figure (iii) shows the Arduino Micro Controller
Arduino is an open-source platform used for building electronics projects. Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs on your computer, used to write and upload computer code to the physical board.
(4) Figure (iv) shows the Wi-Fi Module
The ESP8266 can be operated through the internet (with the port shipping) from your local Wi-Fi network. The ESP-01 has GPIO pins, which can be programmed by the Internet'to transform an LED or a relay ON / OFF. The module can be programmed by means of serial pins (RX, TX), using an Arduino / USB- to-TTL converter.
(5) Figure (v) shows the Real Time Clock
A real-time clock (RTC) is a battery-powered clock that is included in a microchip in a computer motherboard. This microchip is usually separate from the microprocessor and other chips and is often referred to simply as "the CMOS" (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor). A small memory on this microchip stores system description or setup values - including current time values stored by the real-time clock. The time values are for the year, month, date, hours, minutes, and seconds. When the computer is turned on, the Basic Input-Output Operating System (BIOS) that is stored in the computer's read-only memory (ROM) microchip reads the current time from the memory in the chip with the real-time clock.
(6) Figure (vi) shows the IR Sensor
An infrared sensor is an electronic device that emits in-order to sense some aspects of the surroundings. An IR sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as detects the motion. Usually in the infrared spectrum, all the objects radiate some form of thermal radiations.

These types of radiations are invisible to our eyes, that can be detected by an infrared sensor. The emitter' is simply an IR LED (Light Emitting Diode) and the detector is simply an IR photodiode which is sensitive to IR light of the same wavelength as that emitted by the IR LED. When IR light falls on the photodiode, The resistances and these output voltages, change in proportion to the magnitude of the IR light received.

Different Embodiment of Invention
i. When the sensor is positioned in the mailbox, a sensor for detecting the existence of
content in a mailbox, and evaluating mailbox content ii. A control device that connects with the mailbox sensor and stores information about
the mailbox's condition, which is then used to check for the existence of contents in
the mailbox; iii. A device that allows a user to contact the mailbox management unit from a distance in
order to get the status of the mailbox. iv. We attempted to create a low-cost smart postal mailbox prototype for the delivery of
letters and standardised goods. v. The system allows for exact delivery time data to be obtained, as well as added value
in the form of temperature and humidity data tracking and subsequent graphical
analysis.

Application of Invention
a. The notion of a smart postal mailbox offers several advantages and disadvantages.
The most essential benefits of the solution from the customer's perspective are a
current overview of received mails, information about delivery times, and the ability
to monitor humidity and temperature data, and greater comfort when a consignment is
delivered.
b. The concept's key disadvantages are the higher price and the lack of information
regarding senders and sorts of consignments.
c. From the perspective of postal operators, the smart postal mailbox has numerous
advantages, such as simplifying the work of postal couriers, the ability to obtain
feedback on deliveries, and the centralization of data in one location - it can serve as
a foundation for further analysis aimed at increasing the efficiency of postal item
delivery.
d. Postal operators may expand their product line by delivering temperature sensitive
items such as meals, pharmaceuticals, and laboratory specimens thanks to temperature
and humidity data monitoring.
e. It's important to note that any postal operator may deliver mail to the smart mailbox
and receive it.