Description:Field of the Invention
This invention relates to Design Architecture of Zero emission control system for Hybrid vehicle
Background of the Invention
India today is the world’s fourth most significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter – contributing 7.08 per cent of all global emissions. It ranks third amongst countries with the world’s worst air quality, and 13 of its North Indian cities are among 15 of the world’s most polluted. Therefore, this innovation aims at bringing new concepts to the Indian Automobile Sector to maintain air quality and eliminate its impact on people’s health. Other aims include reducing traffic emissions beyond the current legislative standards in India towards extremely-low and even Zero-Impact Pollution Emissions.
US7854282B2 A highly energy efficient automobile that provides payload, safety and performance capacities similar to a comparable vehicle of a given vehicle class. The current invention is ideal for short to medium range urban and suburban driving. The current invention incorporates components in a unique and novel way, in which these components combine to form a system that produces an automobile that reduces overall air pollution while encouraging the commercialization of alternative energy sources. The current invention features an lightweight, low rolling resistance, digitally controlled and direct-drive electric propulsion system. A lightweight spaceframe with a suspension system provides a structure for mounting a low-aerodynamic-drag body system and other components. An intelligent power and thermal management system coupled with a removable auxiliary power module supplies the electrical energy required. While the preferred embodiment is substantially a passenger vehicle, the current invention may be scaled to other land vehicles.
RESEARCH GAP:
1.In this innovation in addition to the previously constructed Hybrid Electric Vehicles, P0/P4 Hybridization with a downsized TCDI Engine working on Miller Cycle and adding other base technologies
2.Three-Way Catalytic Converter and a Coated Petrol Particulate Filter we can further reduce emissions and boost already efficient HEVs into the future generation.
3. An Integrated Starter Generator for starting of the ICE and regeneration of battery/ies for the electric motor.
None of the prior art indicate above either alone or in combination with one another disclose what the present invention has disclosed. This invention relates to Design Architecture of Zero emission control system for Hybrid vehicle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts, in a simplified format, that are further described in the detailed description of the invention.
This summary is neither intended to identify key or essential inventive concepts of the invention and nor is it intended for determining the scope of the invention.
To further clarify advantages and features of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which is illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail with the accompanying drawings.
For the powertrain, a typical state-of-the-art C-class vehicle is benchmarked intensively. A turbocharged four-cylinder in-line engine is installed on the vehicle, with fuel efficient features such as Miller cycle and cylinder deactivation during part-load operation and when coasting. Direct fuel injection is provided by side injectors. Key parameters of the engine and exhaust after treatment systems are shown in figure below. Two three-way catalytic convertors are responsible for exhaust gas after treatment. With a distance of 1300 to 1450 mm from the exhaust valves, it is mounted under the vehicle floor. The exhaust gases are then routed through three exhaust mufflers that use a combination of resonance and absorption technology. The vehicle model and its parameters in the simulation are based on the depicted powertrain and calibrated using measurement data. In FVV e.V. project “Zero-Impact Tailpipe Emissions”, a market projection for the year 2030+ was set to evaluate the effects of Euro 7 and Zero-Impact Emissions. A typical C-segment vehicle is chosen as the benchmark for a modern petrol powered car which includes small sedans or family cars in the Indian automotive segment. Based on the data collected and scatter diagrams, uncharged averages are determined and fitted with a polynomial trend. Extrapolating the current trends up to the year 2030, the parameters and vehicle configuration in India for 2030+ can be determined. As reduction in CO2 emissions and vehicle efficiency becoming the primary focus of development, expectations include a decrease in Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient with modification of exterior design is expected. Additionally, the tire friction can be reduced by fitting lower width, high friction tires. On the other hand, increasing comfort requirements of the population have led to larger and heavier automobiles in the past. This trend can be countered with energy efficient measures like using lightweight materials and construction, so that the total vehicle weight could stagnate. Vehicles are set up with the methodology and benchmark described above, base technologies are added, as depicted in Figure below, that either could be mandatory or expected to be state-of-the-art in 2030+. This includes the implementation of a petrol particulate filter (PPF), integrated in the underfloor (UF) with a catalytic coating (four-way catalyst). The coated PPF (cPPF) prefilled with soot and ash, increases the filtration efficiency significantly. The engine is operated with a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio in the whole operation range. The reduction in fuel consumption is to be primarily focused on the high-volume C-segment. Therefore, the engine is a downsized 1.0 l and a P0/P4 mild hybridization is added. New emission control strategies such as Power Limitation at Startup and operation of addition heaters before the Internal Combustion Engine starts (Pre-Heating) is also added. Refer to the figure below for a detailed 2-d line diagram.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The illustrated embodiments of the subject matter will be understood by reference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout. The following description is intended only by way of example, and simply illustrates certain selected embodiments of devices, systems, and methods that are consistent with the subject matter as claimed herein, wherein:
FIGURE 1: ARCHITECTURE OF ZERO EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM
The figures depict embodiments of the present subject matter for the purposes of illustration only. A person skilled in the art will easily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The detailed description of various exemplary embodiments of the disclosure is described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments are described herein in such details as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of details provided herein is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
It is also to be understood that various arrangements may be devised that, although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, all statements herein reciting principles, aspects, and embodiments of the present disclosure, as well as specific examples, are intended to encompass equivalents thereof.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a",” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes” and/or “including,” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof.
It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may, in fact, be executed concurrently or may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", “third”, and the like in the present invention are used for the purpose of description only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which example embodiments belong. It will be further understood that terms, e.g., those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the powertrain, a typical state-of-the-art C-class vehicle is benchmarked intensively. A turbocharged four-cylinder in-line engine is installed on the vehicle, with fuel efficient features such as Miller cycle and cylinder deactivation during part-load operation and when coasting. Direct fuel injection is provided by side injectors. Key parameters of the engine and exhaust after treatment systems are shown in figure below. Two three-way catalytic convertors are responsible for exhaust gas after treatment. With a distance of 1300 to 1450 mm from the exhaust valves, it is mounted under the vehicle floor. The exhaust gases are then routed through three exhaust mufflers that use a combination of resonance and absorption technology. The vehicle model and its parameters in the simulation are based on the depicted powertrain and calibrated using measurement data. In FVV e.V. project “Zero-Impact Tailpipe Emissions”, a market projection for the year 2030+ was set to evaluate the effects of Euro 7 and Zero-Impact Emissions. A typical C-segment vehicle is chosen as the benchmark for a modern petrol powered car which includes small sedans or family cars in the Indian automotive segment. Based on the data collected and scatter diagrams, uncharged averages are determined and fitted with a polynomial trend. Extrapolating the current trends up to the year 2030, the parameters and vehicle configuration in India for 2030+ can be determined. As reduction in CO2 emissions and vehicle efficiency becoming the primary focus of development, expectations include a decrease in Aerodynamic Drag Coefficient with modification of exterior design is expected. Additionally, the tire friction can be reduced by fitting lower width, high friction tires. On the other hand, increasing comfort requirements of the population have led to larger and heavier automobiles in the past. This trend can be countered with energy efficient measures like using lightweight materials and construction, so that the total vehicle weight could stagnate. Vehicles are set up with the methodology and benchmark described above, base technologies are added, as depicted in Figure below, that either could be mandatory or expected to be state-of-the-art in 2030+. This includes the implementation of a petrol particulate filter (PPF), integrated in the underfloor (UF) with a catalytic coating (four-way catalyst). The coated PPF (cPPF) prefilled with soot and ash, increases the filtration efficiency significantly. The engine is operated with a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio in the whole operation range. The reduction in fuel consumption is to be primarily focused on the high-volume C-segment. Therefore, the engine is a downsized 1.0 l and a P0/P4 mild hybridization is added. New emission control strategies such as Power Limitation at Startup and operation of addition heaters before the Internal Combustion Engine starts (Pre-Heating) is also added. Refer to the figure below for a detailed 2-d line diagram.
ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
1. A study on the ‘Health and Economic Impact of Air pollution in India’ estimates that 18 per cent of all deaths and a loss of 1.4 per cent of GDP in 2020 could be attributed to air pollution.
2. This invention aims at reducing CO2 emissions and reduce India’s global CO2 emission contributions.
3. Very useful for densly populated areas and hilly regions of India having high population.
4. Future proof system and a good competitor to the Electric Vehicle market in India.
5. Bharat Stage VII (prospective) emission norm friendly system.
, Claims:1. A Design Architecture of Zero emission control system for Hybrid vehicle comprises a Standalone electrically heated disk, a fuel burner, an Internal Combustion Engine, EATS (Exhaust After Treatment System), wherein addition of a Standalone electrically heated disk and fuel burner at the start junction of the Three-Way Catalytic Convertor.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein startup Power Limiting and Pre-Heating in the Internal Combustion Engine of a P0/P4 mild hybridized vehicle for reduced cold start emissions.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein addition of an EATS (Exhaust After Treatment System) to a P0/P4 mild hybrid vehicle.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein downsizing of the Internal Combustion Engine in addition to the application of P0/P4 mild hybridization.