FILED OF INVENTION
[001] The present disclosure generally relates to the field of soaps and detergents
and in particular to a detergent bar comprising anionic surfactants. There is
provided a composition of detergent bar with superior detergency and enhanced
overall 5 ll sensorials.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
[002] Detergent powders and bars are mass consumption items for various
purposes and therefore have shown fast growth since their establishment. They are
effective cleansing products mainly comprising a combination of various
10 surfactants.
[003] Detergent bars are widely used for cleaning fabric. Commonly used
detergent bars have high phosphate content therefore are non-biodegradable and
accumulate in environment with time. Accumulation of detergent-based phosphate
in water bodies leads to eutrophication, with adverse effect on aquatic life. This has
15 lead inventors to focus on the development of biodegradable detergent bars which
are environment friendly.
[004] Commercially available detergent bars suffer from the problem of
mushiness or sogginess due to which its wear rate also increases. Due to this
problem, bar loses its shape and structural integrity, making it unacceptable to
20 consumers. For a detergent bar to be popular among consumers, it should have
perfect hardness, low solubility, and low wear rate.
[005] Thus, the object of the present invention is to provide a detergent bar
composition with superior detergency besides overcoming the aforesaid problems
of high phosphate content, softness, and high wear rate.
25 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[006] In an aspect of present invention, there is provided a detergent bar
comprising: (a) at least one anionic surfactant; (b) at least one builder; (c) at least
one sequestering agent; and (d) at least one antimicrobial agent, wherein at least
one anionic surfactant to at least one builder weight ratio is in the range of 1:0.63 –
30 1:0.77.
3
[007] In an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for the
preparation of the detergent bar comprising the steps of: (a) obtaining at least one
anionic surfactant; (b) obtaining at least one builder; (c) obtaining at least one
sequestering agent; (d) obtaining at least one antimicrobial agent, and (e)
contacting at least one anionic surfactant, at least 5 st one builder, at least one
sequestering agent, at least one antimicrobial agent to obtain the detergent bar.
[008] In an aspect of present invention there is provided a process for the
preparation of a detergent bar comprising: (a) at least one anionic surfactant; (b) at
least one builder; (c) at least one sequestering agent; and (d) at least one
10 antimicrobial agent, wherein the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one
builder weight ratio is in the range of 1:0.63 – 1:0.77, the process comprises steps
of: (a) contacting the at least one builder and the at least one polymer softening
agent to obtain a first mixture; (b) contacting the at least one optical brightener and
the at least one anionic surfactant with the first mixture to obtain a second mixture;
15 (c) contacting structurant with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; (d)
contacting the at least one filler with the third mixture to obtain a fourth mixture;
(e) contacting the at least one binder with the fourth mixture to obtain a fifth
mixture; (f) contacting the fifth mixture with water to obtain a sixth mixture; (g)
contacting the at least one anti-soil redeposition agent with the sixth mixture to
20 obtain a seventh mixture; (h) contacting the at least one sequestering agent with the
seventh mixture to obtain an eighth mixture; (i) contacting the at least one
antimicrobial agent with the eighth mixture to obtain a ninth mixture; (j) contacting
the at least one colorant and the at least one fragrance with the ninth mixture to
obtain a tenth mixture; (k) optionally contacting the tenth mixture with water to
25 obtain an eleventh mixture; and (l) processing the tenth mixture or the eleventh
mixture to obtain the detergent bar.
[009] These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present subject
matter will be better understood with reference to the following description and
appended claims. This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in
30 a simplified form. This summary is not intended to identify key features or
4
essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit
the scope of the claimed subject matter.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
[0010] The detailed description is described with reference to the accompanying
figures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies 5 tifies the
figure in which the reference number first appears. The same numbers are used
throughout the drawings to reference like features and components.
[0011] Figure 1 illustrates the foam profile (stability of foam) for compositions A
to D, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
10 [0012] Figure 2 illustrates the wear rate profile of compositions A to D, in
accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0013] Figure 3 illustrates the mush profile of compositions A to D, in accordance
with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0014] Figure 4 illustrates the test for measurement of mush for compositions A to
15 D, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0015] Figure 5 illustrates panel rating data for soapiness, slipperiness, glide, foam,
lubricity and softness for compositions A to D, in accordance with an embodiment
of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
20 [0016] Those skilled in the art will be aware that the present disclosure is subject to
variations and modifications other than those specifically described. It is to be
understood that the present disclosure includes all such variations and
modifications. The disclosure also includes all such steps, features, compositions,
and compounds referred to or indicated in this specification, individually or
25 collectively, and any and all combinations of any or more of such steps or features.
Definitions
[0017] For convenience, before further description of the present disclosure,
certain terms employed in the specification, and examples are delineated here.
These definitions should be read in the light of the remainder of the disclosure and
30 understood as by a person of skill in the art. The terms used herein have the
meanings recognized and known to those of skill in the art, however, for
5
convenience and completeness, particular terms and their meanings are set forth
below.
[0018] The articles “a”, “an” and “the” are used to refer to one or to more than one
(i.e., to at least one) of the grammatical object of the article.
[0019] The terms “comprise” and “comprising” are 5 used in the inclusive, open
sense, meaning that additional elements may be included. It is not intended to be
construed as “consists of only”.
[0020] Throughout this specification, unless the context requires otherwise the
word “comprise”, and variations such as “comprises” and “comprising”, will be
10 understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or step or group of element or
steps but not the exclusion of any other element or step or group of element or
steps.
[0021] The term “including” is used to mean “including but not limited to”.
“Including” and “including but not limited to” are used interchangeably.
15 [0022] The term “at least one” is used to mean one or more and thus includes
individual components as well as mixtures/combinations.
[0023] Ratios, concentrations, amounts, and other numerical data may be presented
herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such range format is used
merely for convenience and brevity and should be interpreted flexibly to include
20 not only the numerical values explicitly recited as the limits of the range, but also
to include all the individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within
that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited. For
example, a temperature ranges of about 25-40 °C should be interpreted to include
not only the explicitly recited limits of about 25 °C to about 40 °C, but also to
25 include sub-ranges, such as 25-30 °C, 28-38 °C, and so forth, as well as individual
amounts, including fractional amounts, within the specified ranges, such as 25.2 °C,
and 38.5 °C, for example.
[0024] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have
the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to
30 which this disclosure belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or
equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the
6
disclosure, the preferred methods, and materials are now described. All
publications mentioned herein are incorporated herein by reference.
[0025] The present disclosure is not to be limited in scope by the specific
embodiments described herein, which are intended for the purposes of
exemplification only. Functionally-5 equivalent products, compositions, and methods
are clearly within the scope of the disclosure, as described herein.
[0026] In view of the problems associated with the existing detergent bar
compositions, such as being highly prone to sogginess and loss of alkalinity over a
period. The present invention provides a stable detergent bar composition
10 comprising a unique surfactant to builder ratio along with anti-soil redeposition,
anti-microbial agent, and a polymer softening agent which enhance structural
stability of the detergent bar along with improved sensorials and cleansing
properties.
[0027] The detergent bar composition according to the present disclosure includes
15 at least one anionic surfactant; at least one anionic builder; at least one sequestering
agent; and at least one antimicrobial agent.
[0028] The detergent bar composition according to the present disclosure includes
at least one anionic surfactant; at least one anionic builder; at least one sequestering
agent; and at least one antimicrobial agent, in such a way that the weight ratio of
20 the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the
range of 1:0.63–1:0.77.
[0029] In one non-limiting example, the detergent bar composition includes at least
one anionic surfactant; at least one builder; at least one sequestering agent; at least
one antimicrobial agent; and at least one cosmetically acceptable excipient selected
25 from the group consisting of structurant, binder, anti-soil redeposition agent,
polymer softening agent, filler, optical brightener, colorant, and fragrance.
[0030] In one non-limiting example, the detergent bar composition includes at
least one anionic surfactant; at least one builder; at least one sequestering agent; at
least one antimicrobial agent; and at least one cosmetically acceptable excipient
30 selected from the group consisting of structurant, binder, anti-soil redeposition
agent, polymer softening agent, filler, optical brightener, colorant, and fragrance, in
7
such a way that the weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least
one builder is maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77.
[0031] Anionic surfactants are essential components in the detergent bar
compositions. The present disclosure provides a detergent bar composition that
includes at least one anionic surfactant selected 5 d from the group consisting of linear
alkyl benzene sulphonic acid (LABSA), alpha olefin sulphonates, petroleum
sulphonates, alkyldiphenyloxide disulphonates. In one implementation, the anionic
surfactants used in the detergent bar composition can be a combination of anionic
surfactants as described above. In another implementation, the anionic surfactant is
10 linear benzene sulfonic acid (LABSA).
[0032] Builders as an ingredient are well known in the detergent bar compositions,
and normally include classes such as hydroxides, carbonates, sesquicarbonates,
bicarbonates, borates, citrates, and silicates. In one implementation, at least one
builder may be selected from the group consisting of alkali metal carbonate,
15 sodium bicarbonate, and polycarboxylates. In another implementation, the builder
used in the detergent bar composition may be a combination of the builders
mentioned above. In one implementation, the builder is sodium carbonate.
[0033] Sequestering agent binds to metal ions in water, thereby reducing hardness
of water. In one implementation, the at least one sequestering agent may be
20 selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP),
nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, zeolite A. In another
implementation, the sequestering agent used in the detergent bar composition may
be a combination of the sequestering agents mentioned above. In one
implementation, the sequestering agent is sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP).
25 [0034] Antimicrobial agents are essential for detergent and soaps in order to
maintain personal hygiene and prevention of diseases. Several infectious
pathogens, such as salmonella and staphylococcus are known to spread via
contaminated fabric. Hence, compatible herbal antimicrobial agents are especially
sought for use in detergent bar compositions which can provide double benefit to
30 the consumers of being effective and environmentally benign. In an
implementation, at least one antimicrobial agents may be added in the detergent bar
8
compositions. The antimicrobial agents may be included from the group consisting
of neem extract, thymol, terpineol, moringa root bark extract, oregano extract,
crepe ginger extract, chinese chaste tree extract, and combinations thereof. In
another implementation, the detergent bar composition of the present disclosure,
comprising an antimicrobial agent cleans effectively and is simultaneously 5 capable
of controlling microorganisms in order to provide longer lasting effectiveness.
[0035] In one implementation, the detergent bar composition includes linear
benzene sulfonic acid (LABSA) as the anionic surfactant; sodium carbonate as the
builder; sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) as the sequestering agent; neem extract as
10 antimicrobial agent. The detergent bar composition may also include at least one
excipient selected from the group consisting of structurant, binder, anti-soil
redeposition agent, polymer softening agent, filler, optical brightener, colorant, and
fragrance. Further, combinations of the excipients may be used in the detergent bar
composition.
15 [0036] In one implementation, the detergent bar composition according to the
present disclosure, has weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at
least one builder in the range of 1:0.63-1:0.77. The weight ratio range of 1:0.63-
1:0.77 is a broad range and sub ranges falling within this broad range are also
contemplated by the instant disclosure. For instance, in one implementation, the
20 weight ratio can be 1:0.63 – 1:0.75. In another implementation, the ratio can be in
the range of 1:0.65 – 1:0.77. In yet another implementation, the ratio can be in the
range of 1:0.64 – 1:0.76.
[0037] In one implementation, the detergent bar composition according to the
present disclosure, has weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at
25 least one sequestering agent in the range of 1:0.008-1:0.045. The weight ratio range
of 1:0.008-1:0.045 is a broad range and sub ranges falling within this broad range
are also contemplated by the instant disclosure. For instance, in one
implementation, the weight ratio can be 1:0.008 – 1:0.043. In another
implementation, the ratio can be in the range of 1:0.010 – 1:0.045. In yet another
30 implementation, the ratio can be in the range of 1:0.009 – 1:0.044.
9
[0038] In one implementation, the detergent bar composition according to the
present disclosure, has weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at
least one antimicrobial agent in the range of 1:0.0007-1:0.090. The weight ratio
range of 1:0.0007-1:0.090 is a broad range and sub ranges falling within this broad
range are also contemplated by the instant disclosure. For 5 r instance, in one
implementation, the weight ratio can be 1:0.0007 – 1:0.088. In another
implementation, the ratio can be in the range of 1:0.0009 – 1:0.090. In yet another
implementation, the ratio can be in the range of 1:0.0008 – 1:0.089.
[0039] The detergent bar composition according to the present disclosure includes
10 at least one anionic surfactant having weight percentage in the range of 11.2 –
12.6% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one anionic builder having weight
percentage in the range of 7.9 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar; at least
one sequestering agent having weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with
respect to the detergent bar; and at least one antimicrobial agent having weight
15 percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the soap bar.
[0040] The detergent bar composition according to the present disclosure includes
at least one anionic surfactant having weight percentage in the range of 11.2 –
12.6% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one anionic builder having weight
percentage in the range of 7.9 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar; at least
20 one sequestering agent having weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with
respect to the detergent bar; and at least one antimicrobial agent having weight
percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the detergent bar, in such a
way that the weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one
builder is maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77.
25 [0041] The detergent bar composition according to the present disclosure, includes
at least one anionic surfactant having weight percentage in the range of 11.2 –
12.6% with respect to the detergent bar. The weight percentage range of 11.2 –
12.6% is a broad range and sub ranges falling within this broad range are also
contemplated by the instant disclosure. For instance, in one implementation, the
30 weight percentage can be 11.2 – 12.4%. In another implementation, the percentage
10
can be in the range of 11.4 – 12.6%. In yet another implementation, the percentage
can be in the range of 11.3 – 12.5%.
[0042] In an implementation, the detergent bar composition according to the
present disclosure includes at least one builder having weight percentage in the
range of 7.90 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar. The weight percenta5 ge
range of 7.90 – 8.64% is a broad range and sub ranges falling within this broad
range are also contemplated by the instant disclosure. For instance, in one
implementation, the weight percentage can be 7.90 – 8.62%. In another
implementation, the percentage can be in the range of 7.92 – 8.64%. In yet another
10 implementation, the percentage can be in the range of 7.91 – 8.63%.
[0043] The detergent bar composition according to the present disclosure includes
at least one sequestering agent, having weight percentage in the range of 0.1 –
0.5% with respect to the detergent bar. The weight percentage range of 0.1 – 0.5%
is a broad range and sub ranges falling within this broad range are also
15 contemplated by the instant disclosure. For instance, in one implementation, the
weight percentage can be 0.1 – 0.3%. In another implementation, the percentage
can be in the range of 0.3 – 0.5%. In yet another implementation, the percentage
can be in the range of 0.2 – 0.4%.
[0044] In yet another implementation, the weight percentage of the antimicrobial
20 agent in the detergent bar composition is in the range of 0.01 – 1.00% with respect
to the detergent bar. The weight percentage range of 0.01 – 1.00% is a broad range
and sub ranges falling within this broad range are also contemplated by the instant
disclosure. For instance, in one implementation, the weight percentage can be 0.01
– 0.08%. In another implementation, the percentage can be in the range of 0.03 –
25 1.00%. In yet another implementation, the percentage can be in the range of 0.02 –
0.09%.
[0045] The detergent bar may further include other excipients commonly used in
detergent products. A typical listing of the classes of excipients comprise of
structurant, binder, anti-soil redeposition agent, polymer softening agent, filler,
30 optical brightener, colorant, and fragrance. Although, any of these aforementioned
excipients can be individually used in the detergent bar compositions, examples
11
comprising a combination of multiple of them is also contemplated to fall within
the scope of instant disclosure.
[0046] In one implementation, the detergent bar composition includes at least one
anionic surfactant; at least one builder; at least one sequestering agent; at least one
antimicrobial agent; and at least one excipient selected from the group consisting 5 of
structurant, binder, anti-soil redeposition agent, polymer softening agent, filler,
optical brightener, colorant, fragrance, and combinations thereof. In another
implementation, the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder weight
ratio is in the range of 1:0.63-1:0.77; the at least one anionic surfactant to the at
10 least one sequestering agent weight ratio is in the range of 1:0.008-1:0.045; and the
at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one antimicrobial agent weight ratio is
in the range of 1:0.0007-1:0.090. In yet another implementation, the weight ratios
ranges of the at least one anionic surfactant to the builder; the at least one anionic
surfactant to the at least one sequestering agent; the at least one anionic surfactant
15 to the at least one antimicrobial agent can be varied within the broad range. Thus,
in one non-limiting example the range of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at
least one builder may be in the range of 1:0.64-1:0.76; the ratio of the at least one
anionic surfactant to the at least one sequestering agent may be in the range of
1:0.009-1:0.044; the ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one
20 antimicrobial agent may be in the range of 1:0.0008-1:0.089. Furthermore, the
weight percentage of the at least one anionic surfactant with respect to the
detergent bar is in the range of 11.2 – 12.6%, whereas the weight percentage of the
at least one builder with respect to the detergent bar is in the range of 7.90 – 8.64%;
the weight percentage of the at least one sequestering agent with respect to the
25 detergent bar is in the range of 0.1 – 0.5%; and the weight percentage of at least
one antimicrobial agent with respect to detergent bar is in the range of 0.01 –
1.00%. In one implementation, the weight percentages can vary within the range
mentioned, provided the weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at
least one builder is within the range of 1:0.63-1:0.77; the weight ratio of the at least
30 one anionic surfactant to the at least one sequestering agent is in the range of
1:0.008-1:0.045; the weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least
12
one antimicrobial agent is in the ratio of 1:0.0007-1:0.090. Thus, in one nonlimiting
example the weight percentage of the at least one anionic surfactant with
respect to the detergent bar, can be 11.4%, 11.6%, 11.8%, 12.0%, 12.2% and
12.4%; whereas the weight percentage of the at least one builder, with respect to
the detergent bar can be 8.02%, 8.14%, 8.26%, 8.38%, 8.50% and 5 8.62%; and the
weight percentage of the at least one sequestering agent, with respect to the
detergent bar can be 0.16%, 0.22%, 0.28%, 0.34%, 0.40% and 0.46%; and the
weight percentages, of the at least one antimicrobial agent can be 0.16%, 0.31%,
0.46%, 0.61%, 0.76% and 0.91%, provided the weight ratio of the at least one
10 anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is in the range of 1:0.63-1:0.77; the at
least one anionic surfactant to the at least one sequestering agent is in the range of
1:0.008-1:0.045; and the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one
antimicrobial agent is in the range of 1:0.0007-1:0.090.
[0047] Structurant are added to the composition for enhancing bar hardness. In one
15 implementation, the structurant may be selected from the group consisting of
aluminium sulphate, saturated C16-C18 fatty acids, and combinations thereof. In
another implementation, at least one structurant used in the detergent bar
composition may be a combination of the structurants mentioned above. In one
implementation, at least one structurant is added at a weight percentage in the
20 range 0.1–1.5% with respect to the detergent bar. In another implementation, the
weight percentage of at least one structurant is 0.875%. In yet another
implementation, the detergent bar composition includes at least one anionic
surfactant, at least one builder, at least one sequestering agent, at least one
antimicrobial agent, and at least one structurant, in such a way that the weight ratio
25 of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the
range of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In an implementation, the detergent bar composition
includes at least one anionic surfactant having weight percentage in the range of
11.2 – 12.6% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one builder having weight
percentage in the range of 7.90 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar; at least
30 one sequestering agent having the weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5%
with respect to the detergent bar; at least one antimicrobial agent having weight
13
percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the detergent bar; and at least
one structurant having weight percentage in the range of the range of 0.1–1.5%
with respect to the detergent bar, in such a way that the weight ratio of the at least
one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the range of
1:5 0.63–1:0.77.
[0048] Binders play the role of an adhesive, by ensuring all components stay
compacted together. In one implementation, at least one binder may be selected
from the group consisting of kaolinite, also called as china clay, and hydrated
alumina silicate. In another implementation, at least one binder used in the
10 detergent bar composition may be a combination of the binders mentioned above.
In yet another implementation, the detergent bar composition includes at least one
anionic surfactant, at least one builder, at least one sequestering agent, at least one
antimicrobial agent, and at least one builder, in such a way that the weight ratio of
the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the
15 range of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In one implementation, at least one binder is added at a
weight percentage in the range 14.0–15.5% with respect to the detergent bar. In
another implementation, the weight percentage of at least one binder is 15.0%. In
an implementation, the detergent bar composition includes at least one anionic
surfactant having weight percentage in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with respect to
20 the detergent bar; at least one builder having weight percentage in the range of 7.90
– 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one sequestering agent having
the weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with respect to the detergent bar;
at least one antimicrobial agent having weight percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1%
with respect to the detergent bar; and at least one binder having weight percentage
25 in the range of 14.0–15.5% with respect to the detergent bar, in such a way that the
weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is
maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In another implementation, the detergent
bar composition includes at least one anionic surfactant having weight percentage
in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one builder
30 having weight percentage in the range of 7.90 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent
bar; at least one sequestering agent having the weight percentage in the range of 0.1
14
– 0.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one antimicrobial agent having
weight percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the detergent bar; at
least one structurant having weight percentage in the range of the range of 0.1–
1.5% with respect to the detergent bar; and at least one binder having weight
percentage in the range of 14.0–15.5% with respect to the detergent bar, 5 in such a
way that the weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one
builder is maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77.
[0049] Anti-soil redeposition agent prevents dislodged soil from resettling on
fabric during washing. In one implementation, at least one anti-soil redeposition
10 agent may be selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate, carboxy methyl
cellulose, sodium carboxy methyl polycarbonates. In another implementation, at
least one anti-soil redeposition agent used in the detergent bar composition may be
a combination of the anti-soil redeposition agents mentioned above. In yet another
implementation, the detergent bar composition includes at least one anionic
15 surfactant, at least one builder, at least one sequestering agent, at least one
antimicrobial agent, and at least one anti-soil redeposition agent, in such a way that
the weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is
maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In one implementation, at least one antisoil
redeposition agent is added at a weight percentage in the range 4.0–4.7% with
20 respect to the detergent bar. In one implementation, the weight percentage of at
least one anti-soil redeposition agent is 4.5%. In an implementation, the detergent
bar composition includes at least one anionic surfactant having weight percentage
in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one builder
having weight percentage in the range of 7.90 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent
25 bar; at least one sequestering agent having the weight percentage in the range of 0.1
– 0.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one antimicrobial agent having
weight percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the detergent bar; and
at least one anti-soil redeposition agent having weight percentage in the range of
4.0–4.7% with respect to the detergent bar, in such a way that the weight ratio of
30 the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the
range of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In another implementation, the detergent bar composition
15
includes at least one anionic surfactant having weight percentage in the range of
11.2 – 12.6% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one builder having weight
percentage in the range of 7.90 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar; at least
one sequestering agent having the weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5%
with respect to the detergent bar; at least one antimicrobial agent having weig5 ht
percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one
structurant having weight percentage in the range of the range of 0.1–1.5% with
respect to the detergent bar; at least one binder having weight percentage in the
range of 14.0–15.5% with respect to the detergent bar; and at least one anti-soil
10 redeposition agent having weight percentage in the range of 4.0–4.7% with respect
to the detergent bar, in such a way that the weight ratio of the at least one anionic
surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77.
[0050] Polymer softening agent or bar-integrity retainer prevent sogginess of
detergent. In one implementation, at least one polymer softening agent is a blend of
15 derivatives of hyper branched polymer and derivatives of hypo conjugated
polymer. In another implementation, at least one polymer softening agent used in
the detergent bar composition may be a combination of the polymer softening
agent mentioned above. In one implementation, at least one polymer softening
agent is added at a weight percentage in the range 1.0–1.5% with respect to the
20 detergent bar. In one implementation, the weight percentage of at least one polymer
softening agent is 1 – 1.5 %. In another implementation, the detergent bar
composition includes at least one anionic surfactant, at least one builder, at least
one sequestering agent, at least one antimicrobial agent, and at least one polymer
softening agent, in such a way that the weight ratio of the at least one anionic
25 surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In
an implementation, the detergent bar composition includes at least one anionic
surfactant having weight percentage in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with respect to
the detergent bar; at least one builder having weight percentage in the range of 7.90
– 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one sequestering agent having
30 the weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with respect to the detergent bar;
at least one antimicrobial agent having weight percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1%
16
with respect to the detergent bar; and at least one polymer softening agent having
weight percentage in the range of 1.0–1.5% with respect to the detergent bar, in
such a way that the weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least
one builder is maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In another implementation,
the detergent bar composition includes at least one anionic surfactant 5 having
weight percentage in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with respect to the detergent bar; at
least one builder having weight percentage in the range of 7.90 – 8.64% with
respect to the detergent bar; at least one sequestering agent having the weight
percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one
10 antimicrobial agent having weight percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1% with
respect to the detergent bar; at least one structurant having weight percentage in the
range of the range of 0.1–1.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one binder
having weight percentage in the range of 14.0–15.5% with respect to the detergent
bar; at least one anti-soil redeposition agent having weight percentage in the range
15 of 4.0–4.7% with respect to the detergent bar; and at least one polymer softening
agent having weight percentage in the range of 1.0–1.5% with respect to the
detergent bar, in such a way that the weight ratio of the at least one anionic
surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77.
[0051] Fillers are inexpensive materials added in the detergent bar compositions to
20 provide support (hardness) and to reduce cost of the overall composition. Calcium
carbonate (also known as Calcite) is a well-known and often used filler component
of detergent bars. At least one filler may be selected from the class consisting of
minerals, such as talc, and silicate-containing minerals, where the silicate is mixed
with other minerals, such as dolomite. In another implementation, at least one filler
25 used in the detergent bar composition may be a combination of the fillers
mentioned above. The total filler content, if included is typically up to 60% with
respect to the detergent bar. In one implementation, the weight percentage of the
filler in the detergent bar composition is in the range of 50-60 %. In one
implementation, the weight percentage of at least filler is 57.8%. In another
30 implementation, the detergent bar composition includes at least one anionic
surfactant, at least one builder, at least one sequestering agent, at least one
17
antimicrobial agent, and at least one filler, in such a way that the weight ratio of the
at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the range
of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In an implementation, the detergent bar composition includes at
least one anionic surfactant having weight percentage in the range of 11.2 – 12.6%
with respect to the detergent bar; at least one builder having weight percentage 5 in
the range of 7.90 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one
sequestering agent having the weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with
respect to the detergent bar; at least one antimicrobial agent having weight
percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the detergent bar; and at least
10 one filler having weight percentage in the range of 50.0–60.0% with respect to the
detergent bar, in such a way that the weight ratio of the at least one anionic
surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In
another implementation, the detergent bar composition includes at least one anionic
surfactant having weight percentage in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with respect to
15 the detergent bar; at least one builder having weight percentage in the range of 7.90
– 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one sequestering agent having
the weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with respect to the detergent bar;
at least one antimicrobial agent having weight percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1%
with respect to the detergent bar; at least one structurant having weight percentage
20 in the range of the range of 0.1–1.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one
binder having weight percentage in the range of 14.0–15.5% with respect to the
detergent bar; at least one anti-soil redeposition agent having weight percentage in
the range of 4.0–4.7% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one polymer
softening agent having weight percentage in the range of 1.0–1.5% with respect to
25 the detergent bar, and at least one filler having weight percentage in the range of
50.0–60.0% with respect to the detergent bar, in such a way that the weight ratio of
the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the
range of 1:0.63–1:0.77.
[0052] Linen often turns yellow or off-white after wash. Optical brighteners or
30 fluorescent whitening agents absorb ultraviolet light and re-emit blue light,
providing a white appearance by cancelling the effect of the yellowing. In one
18
implementation, at least one optical brightener is disodium 2,2'-([1,1'-biphenyl]-
4,4'-diyldivinylene) bis (benzenesulphonate). In another implementation, at least
one optical brightener used in the detergent bar composition may be a combination
of the optical brighteners mentioned above. In one implementation, at least one
optical brightener is added at a weight percentage in the range 0.01–5 0.05% with
respect to the detergent bar. In one implementation, the weight percentage of at
least one optical brightener is 0.01 – 0.1 %. In another implementation, the
detergent bar composition includes at least one anionic surfactant, at least one
builder, at least one sequestering agent, at least one antimicrobial agent, and at least
10 one optical brightener, in such a way that the weight ratio of the at least one anionic
surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In
an implementation, the detergent bar composition includes at least one anionic
surfactant having weight percentage in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with respect to
the detergent bar; at least one builder having weight percentage in the range of 7.90
15 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one sequestering agent having
the weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with respect to the detergent bar;
at least one antimicrobial agent having weight percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1%
with respect to the detergent bar; and at least one optical brightener having weight
percentage in the range of 0.01–0.05% with respect to the detergent bar, in such a
20 way that the weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one
builder is maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In another implementation, the
detergent bar composition includes at least one anionic surfactant having weight
percentage in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with respect to the detergent bar; at least
one builder having weight percentage in the range of 7.90 – 8.64% with respect to
25 the detergent bar; at least one sequestering agent having the weight percentage in
the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one antimicrobial
agent having weight percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the
detergent bar; at least one structurant having weight percentage in the range of the
range of 0.1–1.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one binder having
30 weight percentage in the range of 14.0–15.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at
least one anti-soil redeposition agent having weight percentage in the range of 4.0–
19
4.7% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one polymer softening agent having
weight percentage in the range of 1.0–1.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at
least one filler having weight percentage in the range of 50.0–60.0% with respect to
the detergent bar; and at least one optical brightener having weight percentage in
the range of 0.01–0.1% with respect to the detergent bar, in such a way 5 that the
weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is
maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77.
[0053] Optionally, additives such as fragrance and/or colorants may also be added
to the detergent bar compositions. Fragrance and colorants are added as necessary
10 and at weight percentages suitable for consumer acceptance. In one
implementation, at least one fragrance may be selected from the group consisting
of synthetic fragrances, natural fragrances and essential oils suitable for the
detergent bar composition. In one implementation, the colorant is as such to
provide green color to the composition. In another implementation, at least one
15 additive used in the detergent bar composition may be a combination of the
additives mentioned above. In another implementation, the composition may
include additives from having weight percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1 % with
respect to the detergent bar composition. In one implementation, weight percentage
of the additives is in the range of 0.03 – 0.9 % with respect to the detergent bar
20 composition. In an implementation, the detergent bar composition includes at least
one anionic surfactant having weight percentage in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with
respect to the detergent bar; at least one builder having weight percentage in the
range of 7.90 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one sequestering
agent having the weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with respect to the
25 detergent bar; at least one antimicrobial agent having weight percentage in the
range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the detergent bar; and at least one fragrance
having weight percentage suitable for consumer acceptance, in such a way that the
weight ratio of the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is
maintained in the range of 1:0.63–1:0.77. In yet another implementation, the
30 detergent bar composition includes at least one anionic surfactant having weight
percentage in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with respect to the detergent bar; at least
20
one builder having weight percentage in the range of 7.90 – 8.64% with respect to
the detergent bar; at least one sequestering agent having the weight percentage in
the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one antimicrobial
agent having weight percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the
detergent bar; and at least one colorant having weight percentage such 5 as to provide
green color to the detergent bar, in such a way that the weight ratio of the at least
one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the range of
1:0.63–1:0.77.
[0054] In one implementation, the detergent bar composition has at least one
10 anionic surfactant having weight percentage in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with
respect to the detergent bar; at least one builder having weight percentage in the
range of 7.90 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one sequestering
agent having the weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with respect to the
detergent bar; at least one antimicrobial agent having weight percentage in the
15 range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one structurant having
weight percentage in the range of the range of 0.1–1.5% with respect to the
detergent bar; at least one binder having weight percentage in the range of 14.0–
15.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one anti-soil redeposition agent
having weight percentage in the range of 4.0–4.7% with respect to the detergent
20 bar; at least one polymer softening agent having weight percentage in the range of
1.0–1.5% with respect to the detergent bar; at least one filler retainer having weight
percentage in the range of 50.0–60.0% with respect to the detergent bar; at least
one optical brightener having weight percentage in the range of 0.01–0.05% with
respect to the detergent bar; fragrance having weight percentage suitable for
25 consumer acceptance; and at least one colorant having weight percentage such as to
provide green color to the detergent bar, in such a way that the weight ratio of the
at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder is maintained in the range
of 1:0.63–1:0.77.
[0055] In one implementation, the detergent bar composition may be prepared by
30 the process as described, i.e., (a) obtaining the at least one anionic surfactant; (b)
obtaining the at least one builder; (c) obtaining the at least one sequestering agent;
21
(d) obtaining the at least one antimicrobial agent, and (e) contacting the at least one
anionic surfactant, the at least one builder, the at least one sequestering agent, the at
least one antimicrobial agent to obtain the detergent bar.
[0056] In one implementation, the detergent bar composition may be prepared by a
process as described, i.e., contacting at least one builder and at least one poly5 mer
softening agent to obtain a first mixture; contacting at least one optical brightener
and at least one anionic surfactant with the first mixture to obtain a second mixture;
contacting structurant with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; contacting
at least one filler with the third mixture to obtain a fourth mixture; contacting at
10 least one binder with the fourth mixture to obtain a fifth mixture; contacting the
fifth mixture with water to obtain a sixth mixture; contacting at least one anti-soil
redeposition agent with the sixth mixture to obtain a seventh mixture; contacting at
least one sequestering agent with the seventh mixture to obtain an eighth mixture;
contacting at least one antimicrobial agent with the eighth mixture to obtain a ninth
15 mixture; contacting at least one colorant and at least one fragrance with the ninth
mixture to obtain a tenth mixture; optionally contacting the tenth mixture with
water to obtain an eleventh mixture; and processing the tenth mixture or the
eleventh mixture to obtain the detergent bar.
[0057] In an implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
20 composition according to the present disclosure may include contacting at least one
builder and at least one polymer softening agent to obtain the first mixture at a
temperature in the range of 15 – 35 °C. Typically, at least one builder and at least
one polymer softening agent may be contacted at a temperature of 25 °C. Further
the stirring speed may be in the range of 200 - 300 rpm for a period in the range of
25 1-10 minutes. In another implementation, at least one builder and at least one
polymer softening agent may be contacted at a temperature of 25 °C with a stirring
speed of 250 rpm for a period of 3 minutes to obtain a first mixture.
[0058] In an implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
composition according to the present disclosure may include contacting the at least
30 one optical brightener and the at least one anionic surfactant with first mixture to
obtain the second mixture at a temperature in the range of 50-60 􀍼C. Typically, the
22
first mixture may be contacted with at least one optical brightener at a temperature
of 25 °C. Further the stirring speed may be in the range of 200 - 300 rpm for a
period in the range of 2 – 10 minutes. In an implementation, at least one optical
brightener and at least one anionic surfactant may be contacted with first mixture at
a temperature of 25 °C with a stirring speed of 250 5 0 rpm for a period of 5 minutes to
obtain the second mixture.
[0059] In another implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
composition according to the present disclosure may include contacting the second
mixture with at least one structurant to obtain the third mixture at a temperature in
10 the range of 35 – 70 °C. Typically, the second mixture is contacted with at least
one structurant at a temperature of 55 °C. Further the stirring speed may be in the
range of 200 - 300 rpm for a period in the range of 2 – 10 minutes. In an
implementation, at least one structurant and the second mixture may be contacted
at a temperature of 55 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a period of 5 minutes
15 to obtain the third mixture.
[0060] In yet another implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
composition according to the present disclosure may include contacting the third
mixture with at least one filler to obtain the fourth mixture at a temperature in the
range of 35 – 70 °C. Typically the third mixture is contacted with at least filler at a
20 temperature in the range of 50 - 60 °C. Further the stirring speed may be in the
range of 100 - 200 rpm for a period in the range of 5-15 minutes. In an
implementation, at least one filler and the third mixture may be contacted at a
temperature of 55 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a period of 10 minutes to
obtain the fourth mixture.
25 [0061] In another implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
composition according to the present disclosure may include contacting the fourth
mixture with at least one binder at a temperature to obtain the fifth mixture in the
range of 35 – 70 °C. Typically, the fourth mixture is contacted with at least one
binder at a temperature in the range of 50 - 60 °C. Further the stirring speed may be
30 in the range of 200 - 300 rpm for a period in the range of 5 – 30 minutes. In an
implementation, at least one binder and the fourth mixture may be contacted at a
23
temperature of 55 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a period of 12 minutes to
obtain the fifth mixture.
[0062] In yet another implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
composition according to the present disclosure may include contacting the fifth
mixture with water to obtain the sixth mixture at a temperature in the range of 35 5 –
70 °C. Typically, the fifth mixture is contacted with water a temperature in the
range of 40 - 50 °C. Further the stirring speed may be in the range of 200 - 300 rpm
for a period in the range of 5 – 10 minutes. In an implementation, the fifth mixture
and water may be contacted at a temperature of 45 °C with a stirring speed of 250
10 rpm for a period of 8 minutes to obtain the sixth mixture.
[0063] In another implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
composition according to the present disclosure may include contacting the sixth
mixture with at least one anti-soil redeposition agent to obtain the seventh mixture
at a temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C. Typically, the sixth mixture is
15 contacted with at least one anti-soil redeposition agent at a temperature of in the
range of 40 - 50 °C. Further the stirring speed may be in the range of 200 - 300 rpm
for a period in the range of 5 – 30 minutes. In an implementation, at least one antisoil
redeposition agent and the sixth mixture may be contacted at a temperature of
45 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a period of 19 minutes to obtain the
20 seventh mixture.
[0064] In yet another implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
composition according to the present disclosure may include contacting the seventh
mixture with at least one sequestering agent to obtain eighth mixture at a
temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C. Typically, the seventh mixture is contacted
25 with at least one sequestering agent at a temperature in the range of 40 - 50 °C.
Further the stirring speed may be in the range of 200 - 300 rpm for a period in the
range of 2 – 10 minutes. In an implementation, at least one sequestering agent and
the seventh mixture may be contacted at a temperature of 45 °C with a stirring
speed of 250 rpm for a period of 5 minutes to obtain the eighth mixture.
30 [0065] In another implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
composition according to the present disclosure may include contacting the eighth
24
mixture with at least one antimicrobial agent to obtain the ninth mixture at a
temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C. Typically, the eighth mixture is contacted
with at least one anti-microbial agent at a temperature in the range of 40 - 50 °C.
Further the stirring speed may be in the range of 200 – 300 rpm for a period in the
range of 5 – 10 minutes. In an implementation, at least one 5 antimicrobial agent and
the eighth mixture may be contacted at a temperature of 45 °C with a stirring speed
of 250 rpm for a period of 8 minutes to obtain the ninth mixture.
[0066] In yet another implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
composition according to the present disclosure may include contacting at least one
10 colorant and at least one fragrance with the ninth mixture to obtain the tenth
mixture at a temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C. Typically the ninth mixture is
contacted with at least one colorant and at least one fragrance at a temperature in
the range of 40 - 50 °C. Further the stirring speed may be in the range of 200 - 300
rpm for a period in the range of 5 – 10 minutes. In an implementation, at least one
15 colorant and at least one fragrance are contacted with the ninth mixture at a
temperature of 45 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a period of 8 minutes to
obtain the tenth mixture.
[0067] In another implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
composition according to the present disclosure may include the optional
20 contacting of the tenth mixture with water to obtain the eleventh mixture at a
temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C. Typically, the tenth mixture is contacted
with water at a temperature in the range of 40 - 50 °C. Further the stirring speed
may be in the range of 200 - 300 rpm for a period in the range of 5 – 10 minutes. In
an implementation, water was contacted with the tenth mixture at a temperature of
25 45 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a period of 8 minutes to obtain the
eleventh mixture.
[0068] In yet another implementation, the process of preparation of detergent bar
composition according to the present disclosure may include extruding the tenth
mixture or the eleventh mixture at a temperature in the range of 45 – 50 °C over a
30 period of time in the range of 10 - 15 minutes, followed by cutting, stamping, and
25
packaging to obtain the detergent bar. Typically, the tenth mixture or the eleventh
mixture is extruded at a temperature of 48 °C.
[0069] In one implementation, the detergent bar composition may be prepared by a
process as described, i.e., contacting at least one builder and at least one polymer
softening agent to obtain a first mixture at a temperature of 30 °C with a stirri5 ng
speed of 250 rpm for a period of 3 minutes; contacting at least one optical
brightener and at least one anionic surfactant with the first mixture to obtain a
second mixture at a temperature of 30 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a
period of 5 minutes; contacting structurant with the second mixture to obtain a third
10 mixture at a temperature of 50-60 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a period
of 5 minutes; contacting at least one filler with the third mixture to obtain a fourth
mixture at a temperature of 50-60 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a period
of 10 minutes; contacting at least one binder with the fourth mixture to obtain a
fifth mixture at a temperature of 40-50 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a
15 period of 12 minutes; contacting the fifth mixture with water to obtain a sixth
mixture at a temperature of 40-50 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a period
of 8 minutes; contacting at least one anti-soil redeposition agent with the sixth
mixture to obtain a seventh mixture at a temperature of 40-50 °C with a stirring
speed of 250 rpm for a period of 19 minutes; contacting at least one sequestering
20 agent with the seventh mixture to obtain an eighth mixture at a temperature of 40-
50 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a period of 5 minutes; contacting at least
one antimicrobial agent with the eighth mixture to obtain a ninth mixture at a
temperature of 55 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm for a period of 8 minutes;
contacting at least one colorant and at least one fragrance with the ninth mixture to
25 obtain a tenth mixture at a temperature of 55 °C with a stirring speed of 250 rpm
for a period of 8 minutes; optionally contacting the tenth mixture with water to
obtain an eleventh mixture at a temperature of 55 °C with a stirring speed of 250
rpm for a period of 8 minutes; and detergent bar is finally obtained by extruding the
tenth mixture or the eleventh mixture at a temperature in the range of 48 °C,
30 followed by cutting, stamping, and packaging to obtain the detergent bar. In one
implementation, the detergent bar composition provides a structurally robust bar
26
which is impervious to sogginess and alkalinity-loss. In another implementation,
the usage of environmentally benign ingredients such as linear alkyl benzene
sulphonic acid (LABSA) and calcite make the detergent bar eco-friendly.
[0070] Although the subject matter has been described in considerable detail with
reference to certain preferred implementation thereof, other implementations 5 ons are
possible.
EXAMPLES
[0071] The disclosure will now be illustrated with working examples, which is
intended to illustrate the working of disclosure and not intended to take
10 restrictively to imply any limitations on the scope of the present disclosure. Unless
defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same
meaning as commonly understood to one of ordinary skill in the art to which this
disclosure belongs. Although methods and materials similar or equivalent to those
described herein can be used in the practice of the disclosed methods and
15 compositions, the exemplary methods, devices and materials are described herein.
It is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to particular methods, and
experimental conditions described, as such methods and conditions may apply.
[0072] Neem extract used in the detergent bar was procured from Ankur Herbals
Pvt. Ltd.
20 Example 1
Preparation of detergent bar:
[0073] The detergent bar was prepared in a mixer by first adding 8.54 gm of
sodium carbonate (soda ash light), and 0.5 gm of polymer softening agent (blends
of derivatives of hyper branched polymer and derivatives of hypo conjugated
25 polymer) at a temperature of 25°C, followed by mixing for a period of 3 minutes at
250 rpm to obtain a first mixture. To this mixture was added 0.055 gm of OB-1
tinopal CBS-X, 12 gm of 90% active linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid (LABSA)
at a temperature of 50-60°C, followed by mixing in the range of 150 - 300 rpm for
a period of 5 minutes to obtain a second mixture. Structurant, i.e., 0.875 gm of
30 aluminium sulphate was added to the second mixture at a temperature of 55 °C,
followed by mixing at 250 rpm for a period of 5 minutes to obtain a third mixture.
27
To this was added 39.8 gm of calcite, and 18 gm of dolomite at a temperature of 55
°C, followed by mixing at 250 rpm for a period of 10 minutes to obtain fourth
mixture. Further, 15 gm of china clay was added to the fourth mixture at a
temperature of 55 °C, followed by mixing at 250 rpm for a period of 12 minutes to
obtain a fifth mixture. Sufficient amount of water was added to the fifth mixture 5 ure at
a temperature of 55 °C, followed by mixing at 250 rpm for a period of 8 minutes to
obtain a sixth mixture. 4.5 gm of 45% sodium silicate was added to the sixth
mixture at a temperature of 55 °C, followed by mixing at 250 rpm for a period of
19 minutes to obtain a seventh mixture. 0.5 gm of sequestering agent, sodium
10 tripolyphosphate (STPP) was added to the seventh mixture at a temperature of 55
°C, followed by mixing at 250 rpm for a period of 5 minutes to obtain an eighth
mixture. 0.055 gm of neem extract was added to the eighth mixture at a
temperature of 55 °C, followed by mixing at 250 rpm for a period of 8 minutes to
obtain ninth mixture. To this was added 0.055 gm of color, and 0.055 gm of
15 perfume at a temperature of 55 °C, followed by mixing at 250 rpm for a period of 8
minutes to obtain a tenth mixture. Water was lost through evaporation due to the
heat liberated during the reactions and the final water content of the tenth mixture
was adjusted if required at a temperature of 55°C, followed by mixing at 250 rpm
for a period of 8 minutes to obtain eleventh mixture. Finally, the eleventh mixture
20 was processed by extruding the eleventh mixture at a temperature of 48 °C,
followed by cutting, stamping, and packaging into detergent bars.
Example 2
Detergent bar composition:
[0074] The present disclosure is, focused on obtaining detergent bar composition
25 exhibiting improved detergency and overall enhanced sensorials. Each of the
exemplified compositions (A-D) depicted in Table 1 can be prepared by a process
as described in Example 1.
[0075] Table 1 depicts the composition A of the present disclosure which had all
the the necessary and optional ingredients with each of the ingredient set forth
30 within the working weight percentage ranges.
28
In composition B, weight percentages of anionic surfactant (LABSA), builder
(sodium carbonate) and sequestering agent (sodium tripolyhosphate; STPP) were
beyond the working ranges as is clear from Table 1, additionally polymer softening
agent (a blend of derivatives of hyper branched polymer and derivatives of hypo
conjugated polymer) was also absent was absent. 5 sent. All the above mentioned
discrepancies led to a detergent bar composition with undesirable characteristics
which would be clearer from the discussion in the subsequent sections.
Table 1
S.
No.
Ingredients Working
Range
(weight
percentage)
A
(%
w/w)
B
(%
w/w)
C
(%
w/w)
D
(% w/w)
1. Sodium carbonate
(light)
7.9 – 8.64 8.54 9.54 8.54 8.5
2. polymer
softnening agent (a
blend of
derivatives of
hyper branched
polymer and
derivatives of hypo
conjugated
polymer)
1.0 – 1.5 1 - - -
3. Linear alkyl
benzene sulphonic
acid (LABSA;
90%)
11.2 – 12.6 12 13.6 12.5 12
4. Sodium
tripolyphosphate
(STPP)
0.1 – 0.5 0.5 3.2 1 0.5
5. China clay bright 14.2 – 15.2 15 15 15 15
6. Calcite 35.8 – 40.8 39.37 34.72 39.2 40
29
7. Aluminium
sulphate
0.1-1.5 0.875 0.875 0.875 0
8. Sodium silicate
45%
4.1 – 4.65 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
9. OB-1 Tinopal
CBS-X
0.01 – 0.1 0.055 0.055 0.055 0.055
10. Neem extract 0.01-1.0 0.055 0.055 0.055 0.055
11. Perfume 0.01-1.0 0.025 0.055 0.055 0.055
12. Dolomite 15.45 – 18.15 18 17.385 18 18
13. Color 0.01-1.0 0.055 0.055 0.055 0.055
14. Polyox WSR
coagulant
- - - 0.15 0.15
15. Supracare Bar - - - - 1.1
16. Water Q.S.* Q.S.* Q.S.* Q.S.* Q.S.*
*Quantity as much as is required to make the composition 100%.
[0076] Detergent bars are commonly associated with the problem of
mushiness/sogginess when placed in contact with water and high wear rate. Herein,
with a series of experimentation it was concluded that the unique surfactant to
builder ratio along with sequestering agents, anti-soil redeposition 5 deposition agents and
polymer softening agent can bring about an excellent combination of desirable
characteristics.
Example 3
Foam profiling:
10 [0077] Extremely important parameter while considering the formulation of
detergent bar composition is the foaming ability. For example, while washing with
a detergent bar there is a desire on the part of most consumers for a substantial
amount of foam produced by a detergent bar. It is therefore, necessary to provide a
detergent bar composition which produces foam in an optimum proportion so as to
30
reassure the consumer without compromising on the detergent action of the
composition.
[0078] To determine the foam profile or foam stability of the several detergent bar
compositions (A-D) a test was conducted wherein the cylinder shaped method was
employed, i.e., 8 % solution of the detergent bar was shaken perpendicularly 5 for 15
times in a cylinder shaped apparatus, further the foam height was determined by
measuring the height of foam developed in the cylinder. The results of the test
conducted on the compositions A-D are depicted in Figure 1.
[0079] . In order to establish “good foam”, the foam height was determined as a
10 function of time. Figure 1 clearly depicts that composition A and D had better foam
stability than rest of the compositions. Since, the composition D did not meet the
requirements as desired for mush profiling and consumer panel rating as described
below therefore, the composition D did not necessitate the requirement of superior
detergent bar.
15 Example 4
Rate of wear profiling:
[0080] Measurement of wear rate or use-up rate is important, as it directly affect
the popularity of the product, i.e., detergent bar. Lower the percentage rate of wear,
better is the structuring and binding of the bars, leading to more longevity to the
20 bar.
[0081] It was measured by washing a pre-weighed bar for a set number and length
of times and weighing the bar again. Figure 2 clearly indicates that the percentage
rate of wear was minimum for the composition A when compared to the rest of the
compositions.
25 Example 5
Mush profiling:
[0082] Mush is basically the softening/melting stage of detergent cake which
occurs due to the long contact of water. Keeping in view the practical use and
consumer expectations mushiness should be lower but, on the other hand detergent
30 bar with stone-like hardness is also undesirable.
31
[0083] Therefore, an experiment was carried out wherein mush or slough was
measured by taking the bar prepared by above process and inserting it into a beaker
filled with water for 4 hours, followed by removing the soft part formed (“mush”)
after 4 hours as shown in Figure 3.
[0084] The percentage of mush calculated is depicted with the help of a graph 5 aph in
Figure 4, and it is clearly evident from Figure 4 that the composition A has the
lowest mush percentage among all the compositions A-D.
[0085] The inference drawn from the aforementioned experiments was that the
Compositions A comprising of all the ingredients in the working range along with
10 surfactant to builder ratio in the proposed range i.e., 1:0.63 – 1:0.77, had desired
characteristics, i.e., low percentage of mush, low rate of wear and good stable
foam. As a result, the detergent bar possessed definite shape, structural integrity
thereby exhibiting enhanced longevity of usage.
Example 6
15 Consumer panel rating:
[0086] Prepared compositions were rated by a panel of 20 people. A sensory study
was conducted, wherein people in the panel were asked to use the detergent soap
compositions and give their ratings from 0-5 for each parameter, 0 being the lowest
and 5 the highest. The parameters set for the consumer panel data are mentioned
20 below:
(a) Soapiness
(b) Slipperiness
(c) Glide
(d) Foam
25 (e) Lubricity
(f) Softness.
[0087] The average result obtained from the panel data is demonstrated in Figure 5.
The analyses drawn from Figure 5, is that the composition A performed good in all
sensorial parameters.
30 [0088] As is evident from Figure 2, 3 and 4, the composition B has high mush
percentage, very high wear rate and quite low foam height. Also, the consumer
32
panel rating for various skin sensorial was quite low (1 – 2) as shown by Figure 5.
Compositions B, having surfactant to sequestering agent ratio beyond the proposed
range besides the absence of Polymer softening agent, does not exhibit desired
characteristics shown by the Figure 2, 3 and 4.
[0089] In composition D, all the ingredients were in working range 5 e as describe
above, but Polymer softening agent was absent. Despite showing appreciable foam
stability, the composition was found to have higher percentage of mush, lower
soapiness and lubricity than composition A shown by Figure 2 and 5. The critical
inclusion of Polymer softening agent into composition A, provided surprising
10 improvement in its stability as seen from the mush profiling. Composition A, was
hence identified as the best performing example based on positive results from all
the tests mentioned above.
Example 7
Anti-microbial analysis of detergent compositions
15 [0090] Clothing have potential to act as vehicles for pathogenic microorganisms
including E.Coli and Salmonella. Dirty and contaminated clothing can also be
responsible for the spread of several pathogens such as staphylococcus and yeast
that can cause skin infections. The problem may be further compounded when
dealing with hospital contaminated linen and fabric. It has been found that
20 pathogens can stay virulent up to 6 weeks on fabric under normal conditions of
temperature and humidity.
[0091] Antimicrobial analysis was carried out by measuring both the zone of
inhibition on bacterial agar plate, as well as the logarithmic reduction in the
bacterial population upon exposure to the detergent. The standard Kirby-Bauer disc
25 diffusion testing method was used for assessing the zone of inhibition. Colony
counting was carried our manually for determining the bacterial population, before
and after exposure to the detergent formulation. For simplicity of reporting,
logarithm of the same was estimated. The Table 2 enlists the action of detergent
formulation without neem extract against 6 common pathogenic bacteria, namely
30 Eschirichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa),
33
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Salmonella enterica (S. enterica), Micrococcus
sp. and Bacillus sp.
Table 2
Microorganism
1 mg/ml 2 mg/ml 3 mg/ml 4 mg/ml 5 mg/ml
Zone of
inhibition*
(Log
reduction)
Zone of
inhibition*
(Log
reduction)
Zone of
inhibition*
(Log
reduction)
Zone of
inhibition*
(Log
reduction)
Zone of
inhibition*
(Log
reduction)
E. coli 1.30
(0.3705)
2.00(0.5529) 2.25(1.0193) 3.50(1.2825) 3.75(2.0853)
P.
aeruginosa
1.80
(0.5883)
3.75(0.9003) 3.50(1.0142) 3.75(1.2361) 5.50(2.1468)
S. aureus 1.80
(0.5342)
2.75(0.8129) 3.25(0.8709) 4.25(1.1845) 5.00(1.8835)
S. enterica 1.50
(0.2389)
2.25(0.4237) 2.75(0.5954) 3.75(0.9379) 5.00(1.6397)
Micrococcus
sp.
1.50
(0.6304)
3.75(0.9463) 4.75(1.0235) 5.50(1.4337) 6.00(2.2083)
Bacillus sp. 2.00
(0.3158)
2.75(0.4844) 3.50(0.6425) 4.25(0.9765) 4.75(1.7278)
*zone of inhibition given in mm.
[0092] Anionic surfactants have microbicidal properties. The basal bactericida5 l
ability of the detergent formulation is shown in Table 2. As can be seen, the
formulation performs well against E.coli and Micrococcus in particular. However,
in consideration of the risks associated with contaminated clothing, the addition of
an antimicrobial agent is highly recommended in detergents.
10 [0093] Herbal extracts such as neem have several medicinal properties. Table 3
enlists the results from a similar analysis carried out with a detergent formulation
consisting of neem extract to determine its antimicrobial ability.
Table 3
34
Microorganism
1 mg/ml 2 mg/ml 3 mg/ml 4 mg/ml 5 mg/ml
Zone of
inhibition*
(Log
reduction)
Zone of
inhibition*
(Log
reduction)
Zone of
inhibition*
(Log
reduction)
Zone of
inhibition*
(Log
reduction)
Zone of
inhibition*
(Log
reduction)
E. coli 2.00
(0.4172)
3.00 (0.6214) 4.00 (1.3203) 5.00 (1.4586) 6.00 (2.1313)
P.
aeruginosa
2.00
(0.6222)
2.50 (0.9599) 4.00 (1.1296) 4.50 (1.4122) 6.00 (2.1296)
S. aureus 2.80
(0.5955)
3.50 (0.9098) 4.25 (1.1139) 5.25 (1.4237) 6.75 (2.0000)
S. enterica 2.00
(0.2751)
3.00(0.8352) 3.75(1.5006) 4.50(1.2688) 6.75(1.7917)
Micrococcus
sp.
1.80
(0.6767)
3.00(0.9777) 3.75(1.5006) 4.50(1.6767) 5.25(2.3010)
Bacillus sp. 2.30
(0.3415)
3.25(1.1413) 5.00(1.1413) 5.50(1.4424) 6.50(1.9542)
*zone of inhibition given in mm.
[0094] As can be seen from Table 3, the addition of a bio-degradable herbal neem
extract produced surprising enhancement in the overall antimicrobial activity of the
detergent composition. The composition was found to be effective against all 6
microorganisms 5 tested.
[0095] The present disclosure thus provides a stable detergent bar composition that
shows acceptable performance. It relies on the unique surfactant to builder ratio,
surfactant to sequestering agent ratio and surfactant to polymer softening agent
ratio to provide enhanced sensorials with decreased mushiness, wear rate and stable
10 foam. Also, the phosphate content in composition is quite low as compared to other
commercial detergent bars, making it more environment-friendly. Furthermore, the
usage of herbal neem extract provides enhanced antimicrobial qualities to the
detergent bar.
35
[0096] Although the subject matter has been described in considerable detail with
reference to certain examples and implementations thereof, other implementations
are possible.

Claims:
1. A detergent bar comprising:
(a) at least one anionic surfactant;
(b) at least one builder;
(c) at least one sequestering agent; and
(d) at least one antimicrobial agent,
wherein the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder weight ratio is in the range of 1:0.63 – 1:0.77.
2. The detergent bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one sequestering agent weight ratio is in the range of 1:0.008 – 1:0.045.
3. The detergent bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one antimicrobial agent weight ratio is in the range of 1:0007 - 1:0.090.
4. The detergent bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of linear alkyl benzene sulphonic acid (LABSA), alpha olefin sulphonates, petroleum sulphonates, alkyldiphenyloxide disulphonates, and combinations thereof.
5. The detergent bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the builder is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, polycarboxylates, and combinations thereof.
6. The detergent bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sequestering agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and combinations thereof.
7. The detergent bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antimicrobial agent is selected from the group consisting of neem extract, thymol, terpineol, moringa root bark extract, oregano extract, crepe ginger extract, chinese chaste tree extract, and combinations thereof.
8. A detergent bar as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
(a) the at least one anionic surfactant having weight percentage in the range of 11.2 – 12.6% with respect to the detergent bar;
(b) the at least one builder having weight percentage in the range of 7.9 – 8.64% with respect to the detergent bar;
(c) the at least one sequestering agent having weight percentage in the range of 0.1 – 0.5% with respect to the detergent bar; and
(d) the at least one antimicrobial agent having weight percentage in the range of 0.01 – 1% with respect to the detergent bar,
wherein the at least one anionic surfactant to the at least one builder weight ratio is in the range of 1:0.63 – 1:0.77
9. The detergent bar as claimed in any of claims 1 – 8, further comprising at least one excipient selected from the group consisting of structurant, binder, anti-soil redeposition agent, polymer softening agent, filler, optical brightener, colorant, and fragrance.
10. The detergent bar as claimed in claim 9, wherein the: (a) structurant has a weight percentage in the range of 0.1–1.5 % with respect to the detergent bar, and the structurant is selected from the group consisting of aluminium sulphate, saturated C16-C18 fatty acids, and combinations thereof; binder has a weight percentage in the range of 14.0–15.5 % with respect to the detergent bar, and the binder is selected from the group consisting of china clay, hydrated aluminium silicate, and combinations thereof; (b) anti-soil redeposition agent has a weight percentage in the range of 4.0–4.7% with respect to the detergent bar, and the anti-soil redeposition agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate, carboxy methyl cellulose, sodium carboxy methyl polycarbonates, and combinations thereof; (c) polymer softening agent has a weight percentage in the range of 1.0–1.5% with respect to the detergent bar, and the polymer softening agent is selected from the group consisting of a blend of derivatives of hyper branched polymer and derivatives of hypo conjugated polymer, and combinations thereof; (d) filler has a weight percentage in the range of 50.0–60.0% with respect to the detergent bar, and the filler is selected from the group consisting of calcite, dolomite, sodium sulphate, sodium chloride, borax, and combinations thereof; and (e) optical brightener has a weight percentage in the range of 0.01–0.05% with respect to the detergent bar, and the optical brightener is disodium 2,2'-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyldivinylene) bis (benzenesulphonate).
11. A process for the preparation of the detergent bar as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(a) obtaining the at least one anionic surfactant;
(b) obtaining the at least one builder;
(c) obtaining the at least one sequestering agent;
(d) obtaining the at least one antimicrobial agent, and
(e) contacting the at least one anionic surfactant, the at least one builder, the at least one sequestering agent, the at least one antimicrobial agent to obtain the detergent bar.
12. A process for the preparation of a detergent bar as claimed in any of claims 1 – 10, comprising the steps of: (a) contacting the at least one builder and the at least one polymer softening agent to obtain a first mixture; (b) contacting the at least one optical brightener and the at least one anionic surfactant with the first mixture to obtain a second mixture; (c) contacting the structurant with the second mixture to obtain a third mixture; (d) contacting the at least one filler with the third mixture to obtain a fourth mixture; (e) contacting the at least one binder with the fourth mixture to obtain a fifth mixture; (f) contacting the fifth mixture with water to obtain a sixth mixture; (g) contacting the at least one anti-soil redeposition agent with the sixth mixture to obtain a seventh mixture; (h) contacting the at least one sequestering agent with the seventh mixture to obtain an eighth mixture; (i) contacting the at least one antimicrobial agent with the eighth mixture to obtain a ninth mixture; (j) contacting the at least one colorant and the at least one fragrance with the ninth mixture to obtain a tenth mixture; (k) optionally contacting the tenth mixture with water to obtain an eleventh mixture; and (l) processing the tenth mixture or the eleventh mixture to obtain the detergent bar.
13. The process as claimed in claim 11, wherein the: (a) contacting the at least one builder and the at least one polymer softening agent is carried out at a temperature in the range of 15 – 35 °C, followed by mixing for a period in the range of 1 – 10 minutes; (b) contacting the at least one optical brightener and the at least one anionic surfactant with the first mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 15 – 35 °C, followed by mixing for a period in the range of 2 – 10 minutes; (c) contacting the structurant with the second mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C, followed by mixing for a period in the range of 2 – 10 minutes; (d) contacting the at least one filler with the third mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C, followed by mixing for a period in the range of 5 – 15 minutes; (e) contacting the at least one binder with the fourth mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C, followed by mixing for a period in the range of 5 – 30 minutes; (f) contacting the fifth mixture with water is carried out at a temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C, followed by mixing for a period in the range of 5 – 10 minutes; (g) contacting the at least one anti-soil redeposition agent with the sixth mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C, followed by mixing for a period in the range of 5 – 30 minutes; (h) contacting the at least one sequestering agent with the seventh mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C, followed by mixing for a period in the range of 2 – 10 minutes; (i) contacting the at least one antimicrobial agent with the eighth mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C, followed by mixing for a period in the range of 5 – 10 minutes; (j) contacting the at least one colorant and the at least one fragrance with the ninth mixture is carried out at a temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C, followed by mixing for a period in the range of 5 – 10 minutes; (k) optionally contacting the tenth mixture with water is carried out at a temperature in the range of 35 – 70 °C, followed by mixing for a period in the range of 5 – 10 minutes; and (l) processing the tenth mixture or the eleventh mixture comprises extruding the tenth mixture or the eleventh mixture at a temperature in the range of 45 – 50 °C, followed by cutting, stamping, and packaging.