THE FOLLOWING SPECIFICATION PARTICULARLY DESCRIBES THE
NATURE OF THE INVENTION

DUAL PROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE FOR ELECTRONIC TRIP
UNITS IN AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER
numbered as dated
A) FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY:
1. The present invention relates generally to electric powered trip units, such as
circuit breakers and more particularly to use of two processor units such as
back-end processor, front-end processor in an air circuit breaker. The present
invention also has provisions to keep the trip units fault history using the two
processors.
B) DESCRIPTION OF PRIOR ART:
2. This invention relates to a method of monitoring the trip unit faults with two
processors that share the computational burden between the display and
tripping mechanism. This invention also has the capability to store the fault
information in the processor to keep the data of an air circuit breaker faults.
Since the circuit breakers are self-powered, this invention employs processor
architecture to store and keep information even after the power fails in the
breaker.
3. Electric circuit breakers are commonly and are generally used in pairs or
groups with a handle. The position of the handle typically indicates the status or
condition of the breaker. This air circuit breaker has a multi-function solid-state
trip unit for automatic electric circuit breaker incorporation indicator functions.
These indicator functions signal when a short circuit, overload or ground fault

occurred. Air circuit breakers (ACB) are used in the power distribution system to protect the system against various faults. UN-RS3 is the intelligence electronic trip unit used in the U-POWER series of Air Circuit Breaker. It senses diverse faults and takes a smart decision to trip the breaker.
Circuit breakers are one of a variety of over current protective devices used for circuit protection and isolation. The basic function of a circuit breaker is to provide electrical system protection whenever an electrical abnormality occurs in any part of the system. In a rotary contact circuit breaker, electric current enters the system from a power source. The current passes through a line strap to a fixed contact fixed on the strap and then to a moveable contact. The moveable contact is fixedly attached to an arm, and the arm is mounted to a rotor that in turn is rotatably mounted in a cassette. As long as the fixed contact is in physical contact with the moveable contact, the current passes from the fixed contact to the moveable contact and out of the circuit breaker to downstream electrical devices.
A sequence of the some patents reliance on complex detection and driving circuits requiring a separate power supply. This complex circuitry adds cost and other reliability considerations. At least one trip unit processor configured to execute at least one application, the application processor being supported on the housing and being powered at least in part by the battery, wherein the device has at least a communication mode and computing indicators.
The present invention is a complex arrangement where sensitive detection circuits are used with back-end processor of the breaker and display unit controlled by front-end processor. The back-end processor will monitor the current and voltage signals, which are digitized and processed upon to perform the protection function. The front-end processor controls a 128*128 graphics

Liquid Crystal Display. LCD's are connected to indicators that signal which fault condition occurred. The present invention is to provide a means to indicate the state of a circuit breaker without a costly and complex mechanical design. The state of the breaker includes on, back end processor and front end processor, various trip conditions indication such as processors, LCDs, thereby establishing communication with a personal computer (PC) through RS-485 using MODBUS protocol used as the front end processor unit.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION:
7. It is the primary object of the invention to invent a method utilizes a dual processor for electronic trip units in air circuit breakers. This architecture consists of a two processors, front end and back end processor that share the computational burden in real time in the field of circuit breaker.
8. It is another primary object of the invention that facilitates the use of processor controls for current and voltage signals stored for longer time period.
9. It is another object of the invention that provides an electronic trip unit in
signal communication with each of the plurality of conduction paths and in
operable communication with the operating mechanism.
10. It is another object of the invention to identify diverse faults that are sensed in UN-RS3 series circuit breakers and store the status and faults information for longer time period.
11. It is another object of the invention that senses current in the protected circuit and responds to high current conditions by tripping circuit breaker's, which in

turn separates the circuit breaker's main current-carrying contacts to stop the flow of electrical current to the protected circuit.
12. It is another object of the invention to back-end processors will sense the current and voltage signals and performs the protection functions based upon the trip unit settings of the dual processor.
13. It is another object of the invention to have a storage media, which has access to all the protection settings, current and voltage values, trip records etc. The front-end and back-end processor will perform the metering calculations and displays them on the LCD.
14. It is another object of the invention to make use of an efficient algorithm to decide whether the magnitude of the incoming current/voltage signals have violated the settings of the trip unit.
D) PROPOSED SOLUTION:
15. We propose a novel design in the field of circuit breaker used for the trip units
with LCD and LED for display and memory module for storing the
information for viewing. In the present invention for air circuit breaker we can
use the two types of processors such as back-end processor and front-end
processor in all three phases simultaneously. The back-end processor will
monitor the current and voltage signals. The signals will be digitized and
processed upon to perform the protection function. The back-end processor
also controls the LEDs in order to indicate any pickup or trip condition. But
from the LED indication it is not possible to differentiate on which phase
exactly the fault has occurred.

16. The novelty of the presented invention is the dual-ported RAM is used to effect a fast communication link between the digital signal processor and the microprocessor to accomplish high-speed protective relaying functions to selectively trip and close a circuit breaker at a generator or co generator site, or that which connects it to an electric utility system. This approach has significantly increased both the time required for a viewer to review the available information and the complexity of actions required to implement a selection. A controller controls the information flow and operational state of each circuit. Many of the advance circuit breaker trip units have the feature of logging the fault details during tripping.
17. The Figure 1 lays down the block diagram of the circuit design. In the Figure 1, the following components form the circuit design.
a. Front-end processor
The front-end processor controls a 128 X 128 graphics Liquid Crystal Display. The job of scanning the different keys and taking appropriate actions user interface is also taken care by the front-end processor. It establishes communication with a personal computer (PC) through RS-485 using MODBUS protocol. The PC will have access to all the protection settings, current and voltage values, trip records etc. The front-end processor will perform the metering calculations and displays them on the LCD. This processor will also compute the level of harmonics in the current and voltage.

b. Back-end processor
The back-end processor will monitor the current and voltage signals. The signals will be digitized and processed upon to perform the protection function. It makes use of an efficient algorithm to decide whether the magnitude of the incoming current and voltage signals have violated the settings of the trip unit. After the specified amount of time the trip unit will issue the trip command so that the breaker contacts are opened. The back-end processor also controls the LEDs in order to indicate any pickup or trip condition.
c. Personal Computer (PC)
PC (Personal Computer) is controlling all devices of the trip unit architecture. This PC establishes communication through RS-485 using MODBUS Protocol. This Unit is accessing to all the protection settings, current and voltage values, trip records etc.
d. Current and voltage signals
This is the function current-sharing charging system aid methods are provided. A charging current is provided to the rechargeable power supply.

e. Liquid Ctystal Display
It is the key on the front panel it controls a 128 * 128 graphics liquid Crystal Display. The job of scanning is the different keys and taking appropriate actions.
f. User Interface
A user interface is provided that varies the manner in which data is displayed as the size of the user interface is changed. A maximum number of lines may be specified for displaying text or data.
g. Protections
There is provided a computer-implemented method for configuring a centralized circuit breaker protection system and configuring the processor with the configuration data.
E) OPERATION AND WORKING OF CIRCUITS:
18. In the above circuit the dual processor architecture for electronic trip units in air circuit breaker is depicted. The invention throws light on using trip unit architecture for the electronic trip unit used in air circuit breakers. Fundamentally, the architecture consists of two processors that share the computational burden between them.
1. Front-end processor
2. Back-end processor

3. The purposes of two processors used in the trip unit may be called front-end and back-end processors. The back-end processor will sense the current and voltage signals and performs the protection functions based upon the settings.
4. The front-end processor will be having control of the Liquid Crystal Display. It will also have to take care of the communication of the trip unit with the PC. It will handle the user interface too. The two processors will communicate with each other every 20 ms and exchange the information. A Ferro-electric RAM based on serial communication is used to effect communication between the front-end and back-end processors.
5. A circuit breaker determining a plurality of conditions of the circuit breaker accepting a user input, the user input for at least one of controlling the circuit breaker and displaying the plurality of conditions of the circuit breaker; displaying at least one of the plurality of conditions of the circuit breaker responsive to the user input; and communicating at least one of the plurality of conditions to a remote terminal or a personal computer.
F) THE BEST METHOD OF PERFORMING THE INVENTION:
22. To summarize, the scheme presented here is implemented by designing a novel
solution that provides the way to use of dual processor circuit breaker for faults
and visualize the faults through multi color LCD indicators. This method has
the precise method for identifying the parameters for two processors that share
the computational burden the employment this architecture in a real time
system in the field of circuit breakers.

23. The back-end processor will monitor the current and voltage signals. The signals will be digitized and processed upon to perform the protection function. It makes use of an efficient algorithm to decide whether the magnitude of the incoming current or voltage signals have violated the settings of the trip unit. After the specified amount of time the trip unit will issue the trip pommand so that the breaker contacts are opened. The back-end processor also controls the LEDs in order to indicate any pickup or trip condition.
24. The front-end processor controls a 128 X 128 graphics Liquid Crystal Display. The job of scanning the different keys and taking appropriate actions (User Interface) is also taken care by the front-end processor. It establishes communication with a personal computer (PC) through RS-485 using MODBUS protocol. The PC will have access to all the protection settings, current and voltage values, trip records etc. The front-end processor will perform the metering calculations and displays them on the LCD. This processor will also compute the level of harmonics in the current and voltage.
25. In the air circuit breaker senses some fault and before tripping it, writes the data into the latch for glowing the LED corresponding to the fault. When power fails after trip, the downstream circuit breaker nearest the fault is unable to clear the fault, the next upstream circuit breaker will attempt to clear the fault with minimal additional delay based upon its modified dynamic delay time.

WE CLAIM:
Accordingly, one embodiment of the present invention comprises the dual processor mechanism used for trip unit of the circuit breaker.
What is claimed is:
1. A dual processor of the circuit breaker trip unit with following functionality a dual processor architecture; a Back-end processor;
a Front-end processor that facilitates the visualization of LCD unit; a auto backup mechanism to store the information of the circuit breaker, a circuit design that provides the backup mechanism with Dual processor a Ferro-electric RAM;
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said the method of identifying the two type of processors throws light on using a different type of architecture for the electronic trip unit used in air circuit breakers is claimed here.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said the Ferro-electric RAM used to effect communicating between method of front-end processor and back-end processor is claimed here.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said the protective relay system having input means for receiving voltages and currents from said electrical utility system, said protective from said electrical utility system is claimed here.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said the protective relay system to provide in a single module, improved convenience, reliability and accuracy of those functions needed to protect the interconnection is claimed here.
6. The method of claim 1, where in the accurate measurements of low level current signals
for the negative sequence over current relay element and directional power relay element
function is claimed here.
7. The method of claim 1, where in the said auto back up mechanism which stores
information of the previous fault history of the circuit breaker is claimed here.
8. The method of claim 1, where in the said method of displaying the previous fault history
of an air circuit breaker is claimed here.