Claims:What is Claimed is:
1) Effervescent tablet formulations of fertilizers, pesticides, micronutrients, plant growth promoters and organic manures for use in agriculture comprising of 5% to 45% weight acid, and 10% to 50% weight alkali, wherein the composition is in the form of a tablet.
2) An effervescent tablet composition of claim 1 wherein the active ingredients of the tablets include fertilizers, insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, plant nutrients, micronutrients, bactericides and organic manures used alone or in combinations thereof.
3) An effervescent tablet composition of claim 1 and claim 2 where the acid source is citric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, adipic acid, boric acid, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, lactic acid, benzoic acid, p-toluene sulfonic, amino acids, nicotinic acid and ascorbic acid or other water-soluble acids or food acids used alone or in combinations thereof.
4) An effervescent tablet composition of claim 1 and claim 2 where the Alkali source is sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium sequicarbonate, ammonium sesquicarbonate, lithium carbonate and lithium bicarbonate used alone or in combinations thereof.
5) An effervescent tablet composition of claim 1 and claim 2 wherein the manufacturing process includes weighing of the ingredients, grinding, sieving, drying and mixing the ingredients and are manufactured using dry granulation, wet granulation and/or direct compression process alone or combinations of processes.
6) An effervescent tablet composition of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4 and claim 5 wherein the size, shape and weight of the tablet can be varied as per the requirement of the application in field.
7) An effervescent tablet composition of claim 1 and claim 2 wherein the tablets contain sodium benzoate, magnesium stearate, boric acid, dextrose, sorbitol, lactose, methyl cellulose, maltodextrin, starch, starch derivative, gum arabic, xanthan gum, polyvinyl pyrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene Glycol 1500 to 12000 grades, potassium silicate, sodium silicate, talc powder, kaolin used alone or in combinations thereof.
8) An effervescent tablet composition of claim 1 and claim 2 wherein the tablets can be dissolved in water and applied as foliar spray, drip irrigation and or can be directly broadcasted in the soil.
9) An effervescent tablet composition of claim 1 to 8 wherein the tablets are manufactured in a controlled environment where in the temperature is less than 20 degree Celsius and relative humidity less than 20.
10) An effervescent tablet composition of claim 1 to 9 wherein the tablets manufactured are packaged in aluminium foil, pouches or HDPE tubes having desiccant caps. , Description:Field of the Invention and use of Invention:
This invention relates to effervescent tablets formulations for use in Agriculture. This invention uses effervescent formulationsof agricultural inputs that has many advantages over the currently available formulations in the market like Soluble concentrate (SC), Emulsified concentrate (EC), Aqueous solution (AS), wettable powders and micronized granules. The advantages of this invention will be evident in further description. This inventive product self dissolves in water and offers the benefit of offering precise dose of active ingredients. In this inventive formulation, many active ingredients can be combined in a tablet form where they do not react with each other. This invention can also be used to directly apply the tablets in the fields where they dissolve in irritation water and provide nutrition and / or protection to plants.
While the present invention will be described with reference to Effervescent Tablet formulations of fertilizers, pesticides, micronutrients, plant growth promoters and organic manures, it should be appreciated that the present invention is not so limited and can be used for other applications including industrial, gardening and veterinary applications.

Prior Art and problem to be solved:
Use of Agricultural pesticides, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, micronutrients, Organic Manure etc play an important role in the cultivation of crops. The aggregate term for Fertilizers, pesticides, micronutrients, plant growth regulators, plant nutrients, organic manures, plant extracts, henceforth referred to as Agri- Inputs are available in powder, liquid or granule formulations. The major problem with these formulations is that they contain solvents and emulsifiers that are toxic to the environment and plant ecology. Currently available formulations of Suspension Concentrate (SC), Emulsified Concentrate (EC) and Granules are bulky in nature with very less amount of active ingredient making it expensive for transportation, handling and storage.
The inventive product is prepared to solve these problems of current formulations by offering a Precise, Concentrated and easy to use effervescent tablet formulation that will prove beneficial for farmers doing commercial agriculture.
In Australian Patent Application No. PCT/AU2013/001023, Daniel Drew discloses a method of manufacturing an Effervescent tablet for spray drift reduction. He uses visco-elastic polyacrylamides to prepare a non-ionic surfactant tablet that must be mixed with the tank solution while adding pesticides or fertilizer. The purpose of the tablet is limited to reducing spray drift when added to the spraying solution of fertilizers and pesticides. While the present inventive product aims at replacing the Agri-input formulations completely.
The effervescent tablet described by Mr Daniel Drew in his patent does not reduce the use of chemical solvents and emulsifiers neither does it reduce cost of transport and handling or offer the benefit of precise dose application. The product must be used in combination of pesticides and fertilizers, thereby limiting the use only as a spray adjuvant.
In Chinese Patent CN201110063285 the inventor discloses a method for preparing an effervescent herbicidal composition by combining chlorine topiramate and Pretilachlor herbicides that must be broadcasted in rice fields for control of weeds. This invention limits the use of the herbicidal compound to Paddy fields and the application of product through broadcast medium only.
In Chinese Patent No. CN 201110349986 the inventor emphasises and endorses the fact that effervescent tablets can overcome the problems of poor stability, inconvenient transportation, inaccurate metering and other issues associated with soluble liquid formulations. Also, the benefits of effervescent tablets like easy packaging, metering, low cost of transport and storage, being environmentally safe are highlighted. However, the invention is limited to the use of forchlorfenuron in agriculture. During application of active ingredients in agriculture the farmers prefer to use 2 – 3 medicines (active ingredients) at the same time to reduce labour cost and application time. It would less helpful if farmers have to use other agri-inputs in liquid or powder form and only use Forchlorfenuron tablets. To overcome this problem the present inventive product combines 2-3 different agri-inputs in the tablet, thereby reducing the cost of application. The forchlorfenuron tablet mentioned by the inventor must be foliar applied only. The tablet of the present invention can be foliar applied, broad casted or applied through drip system as well.
Therefore, there exists a need for an effervescent tablet formulation that can be sprayed, applied through drip irrigation or broadcasted and can be used in all crops without limiting the use of the inventive product and replace the existing formulations of Agri-inputs to provide the benefits and fulfil the objects of this invention.

Objects of the Invention:
The problem with conventional Fertilizers, pesticides, Plant nutrients, Organic Manures, Plant growth regulators etc is that they are all available in Liquids, Powders or granular formulations that have solvents, emulsifiers and bulky carrier materials added to them. This makes these agri-inputs expensive for transportation, harmful for the environment, variations in doses of application and difficulty in use when many different ingredients must be used simultaneously.
It has already been proposed to have an effervescent tablet formulation for agri-inputs that will overcome many of the problems associated with the conventional products.
The Principal object of this invention is to provide for effervescent tablets formulations for fertilizers, pesticides, micronutrients, plant growth promoters and organic manures that can be used in commercial agriculture.
Another object of the invention is to provide for an effervescent tablet formulation that does not contain any solvents or emulsifiers thereby making it safe for the environment and farm ecology.
Further object of this invention is to have highly concentrated active ingredients in the effervescent tablet thereby reducing the cost of Handling, storage and transportation.
Further object of this invention is to combine various agri-inputs in one tablet, thereby overcoming the need for using multiple agri-inputs by farmers during tank mixing.
Conventional products should be diluted in water as per the dose specified on the product. For example, a product may have a dose of 50 grams per spray pump of 15 Litres. Many a times the farmers are not equipped with the requisite measuring equipment’s on the farm and the dose applied could vary resulting in variation in results. Further object of this invention is to offer per spray pump tablet dose thereby providing a precise dose of 1 tablet per spray pump of 15 Litres, thereby ensuring precise application of active ingredients is made and farmers will get uniform results every time.
Other objects and advantages of this invention will be apparent from the following description and the appended claims.
Summary of the Invention:
The effervescent formulations of fertilizers, pesticides, micronutrients, plant growth promoters and organic manures comprises of Organic acids, Alkali salts, Active ingredients and tableting additives like gliding agents, binders, lubricants, colouring agents and combinations thereof, wherein the composition is in the form of a tablet.
The solid particles of this inventive product may be manufactured by any convenient means known to those skilled in the art. The manufacturing process may include the use of fluid-bed dryers or vacuum granulators for wet granulation, dry granulation. Sieving, crushing or grinding may be required to reduce the solid particles to the desired size.
Preferably the acid of the effervescent tablet formulation is an organic acid or combinations of maleic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, benzoic acid, adipic acid, oxalic acid, p-toluene sulfonic, sulfamic acid, boric acid, amino acids, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, malonic acid, nicotinic acid andascorbic acid or other food acids.
Preferably the alkali salts of the effervescent tablet formulation are potassium, sodium or calcium carbonate or bicarbonate and combinations thereof.
The tableting additives are typically tableting and solubilising aids well known to those skilled in the art. The tableting agents may include gliding agents such as sodium benzoate, boric acid, magnesium stearate. Bindersare required for maintaining tablet hardness. Binders include dextrose, sorbitol, xylitol, maltodextrin and lactose. Press lubricants are required for ejection of the tablets from the tableting press and are preferably water soluble. Lubricants may include polyethylene glycol (1500 to 12000), adipic acid and potassium silicate.Tablet presses that use lubrication spray on the punches do not require lubricants to be added in the formulation. Colouring agents with different food colours are added to provide a visual appeal to the product.
The active ingredients of the tablets include from a range of fertilizers, pesticides, micronutrients, plant nutrients, organic manures, plant growth regulators that can be of chemical, organic or biological nature and include combinations thereof. Those skilled in the art will know that the various combinations can be prepared from the active ingredients.
The inventive effervescent tablets can be produced by the direct compression method or compression of the granules produced by wet granulation or dry granulation techniques. Both these tableting techniques are well known to those skilled in the art. The effervescent granulations can be done in conventional blending equipment such as ribbon blender, twin-cone and V-type blenders. From many years Fluid-bed dryers have been used to make effervescent granulations through the process of spraying water and binder solution for preparing effervescent mixture which is further suspended in a stream of hot, dry air to make granules. The Effervescent tablets are formed using a tablet press that compresses the mixture into tablets. These tablets are prepared and packaged under controlled temperatures of 15 to 20 degree Celsius and relative humidity of less than 20.
The effervescent tablets are packaged in various packaging options available for effervescent formulations but not limited to HDPE tubes with silica gels in the caps or aluminium foil packaging.
The effervescent tablet of agri-inputs can be applied by dissolving it in water and spraying the solution or by applying through drip. These inventive tablets can also be broadcasted on the soil and with water application they will dissolve and provide the agri-input to the plants.
The inventive tablets can be prepared of any size and weight to suit the application requirement. For example, tablets of weight of 0.5 grams can be prepared for broadcast application. Whereas tablets of 2.5 grams can be prepared for 15 litres knapsack pump and tablet of 30 grams can be prepared for 200 litres of water for application through pressure pump. These tablets will rapidly dissolve in the spray tank within 2 to 10 minutes without the requirement for stirring or agitation, providing a uniform solution of active ingredient and precise dose of application.

Detailed Description of the Invention:
The current agri-inputs i.e. fertilizers, pesticides, plant growth regulators, plant nutrients etc are manufactured in to Emulsified concentrate formulations, dusts, wettable powders, suspension, etc. The most commonly used formulation is the EC formulation. These EC formulations contain organic solvents, that are flammable and have a problem of leakage if right packaging is not used. During the handling, storage and transportation process they need to be handled carefully or else there is a substantial risk of fire involved. These solvents and emulsifiers form bulk of the product composition and are harmful to the environment and pollutes the environment when applied in farms.
Secondly the Wettable powder formulations have small particle size and have many filler materials along with the active ingredients making it bulky. They must be used in large volumes to deliver a small quantity of the active ingredient. They also have the problem of caking during the storage and because the volume required per spray is high, they are expensive on transportation, storage, and handling costs. The present invention is intended to provide an effervescent tablet formulation of agri-inputs that will overcome the problems of currently available formulations in the market.
As mentioned earlier the effervescent tablet formulation of agri-inputs is a mixture of 7 major components, namely acids, alkali, gliding agents, binders, lubricants, active ingredients of agri-inputs and colouring agents. Those skilled in the art will understand and appreciate that the ratio of these ingredients will vary in different embodiments and methods of manufacturing can be different using the techniques of wet granulation, dry granulation or direct compression and the temperature and humidity control can vary for different formulations.
While the compositions and methods described herein constitute the preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to these precise compositions and methods, and that changes may be made in either without departing from the scope of invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
The raw material used in the manufacturing process are easily available from commercial chemical suppliers and agrochemical manufacturers.
A separate room was prepared and air conditioners were installed for maintaining the temperature in the room. A relative humidity controller from Dew dry machines was installed to maintain the relative humidity in the room. Temperature and humidity control are most important factors in the manufacturing of effervescent tablets.
It is also contemplated that the effervescent tablet composition materials of this invention may be used in combination with active ingredients, such as herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, bactericides, nematicides, biochemical pesticides, plant produced pesticides (botanicals), safeners, plant nutrients, fertilizers and organic manures.
The raw materials required in the process can be broadly classified as mentioned below but not limiting to those mentioned.
a) Acids: There are no limitations on the water-soluble solid acids used in the present invention, specific examples of which include citric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, adipic acid, boric acid, sodium dihydrogenphosphate and potassium dihydrogenphosphate, lactic acid, benzoic acid, p-toluene sulfonic, amino acids, nicotinic acid andascorbic acid or other food acids, while preferable examples include citric acid and Tartaric acid. These water-soluble solid acids may be used alone or as a combination of two or more types in an arbitrary ratio.
b) Alkali: The Alkali are used from, carbonates and bicarbonates. There are no particular limitations on the carbonates or bicarbonates used in the present invention, specific examples of which include sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium sequicarbonate, ammonium sesquicarbonate, lithium carbonate and lithium bicarbonate and so forth, while particularly preferable examples include sodium carbonates, and sodium bicarbonate. These carbonates or bicarbonates may be used alone or as a combination of two or more types in an arbitrary ratio.
c) Gliding agent: Sodium Benzoate, Magnesium Stearate, Boric Acid etc
d) Binders: Dextrose, Sorbitol, Lactose, Methyl Cellulose, Maltodextrin, starch, starch derivative, gum arabic, xanthan gum, polyvinylpyrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol etc.
e) Lubricants: Polyethylene Glycol 1500 to 12000 grades, Potassium Silicate, Sodium Silicate, Talc Powder, Kaolin etc
f) Colouring agent: Food colours of red, yellow, green, blue etc.
g) Active Ingredients: The active ingredients are agri-inputs which are further classified as mentioned below.
1) Fertilizers: Fertilizers may include, but not limited to Urea, Diammonium phosphate, dibasic potassium phosphate, tribasic potassium phosphate, Sulphate of Potash, Potassium Nitrate, Calcium Nitrate, Salts of Phosphoric acid, salts of potassium, Seaweed extract powder, Potassium humate, sodium humate, nitrogenous fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, potash fertilizers, composite fertilizers, calcareous fertilizers, silicate fertilizers. These fertilizer ingredients may be used alone or as a combination of two or more types in an arbitrary ratio.

2) Herbicides: Herbicides may include, but are not limited to, 1,2,4-triazinones, 1,3,5-triazines, alkanamides (acetamides), anilides, aryloxyalkanoic acids, aryloxyphenoxy propionates, benzamides, benzamides (L), benzenedicarboxylic acids, benzofurans, benzoic acids (auxins), benzonitriles, benzothiadiazinones, benzothiazolones, carbamates (DHP), carbamates, chloroacetamides, cyclohexanedione oximes, dinitroanilines, dinitrophenols, diphenyl ethers, diphenyl ethers, glycine derivatives, halogenated alkanoic acids, hydroxybenzonitriles, imidazolinones, isoxazoles, isoxazolidinones, N-phenylphthalimides, organoarsenics, oxadiazoles, oxazolidinediones, oxyacetamides, phenoxycarboxylic acids, phenyl carbamate herbicides, phenylpyrazole herbicides, phenylpyridazines, phosphinic acids, phosphorodithioates, phthalamates, pyrazole herbicides, pyndazines, pyridazinones (PDS), pyridazinones (PSII), pyridines, pyridinecarbox- amides, pyridinecarboxylic acids, pyrimidindiones, pyrimidines, pyrimidinyl- oxybenzoics, pyrimidinyloxybenzoicanalogs, quinolinecarboxylic acids, thiocarbamate, semi-carbazones, sulfonylaminocarbonyl-triazolinones, sulfonylureas, tetrazolinones, thiadiazoles, thiocarbamates, triazoles, triazolinones, triazolopyrimidines, triketones, uracils, ureas, 2,3,6-TBA, 2,4,5-T, 2,4-D, 2,4-D-2-ethylhexyl, 2,4-DB, 2,4-D-dimethylammonium, 2,4-D-isopropyl, 2,4-D-isopropyl, 2,4-D-trolamine (2,4-D- triethanolamine), ACD 10614, ACD 10435, acetochlor, acifluorfen, acifluorfen-sodium, aclonifen, acrolein, AD 67, alachlor, alloxydim-sodium, ametryn, amicarbazone, amidosulfuron, amitrole, ammonium sulfamate, anilofos, asulam, atraton, atrazine, azafenidin, azimsulfuron, aziprotryne, barban, beflubutamid, benazolin, benazolin-ethyl, benfluralin, benfuresate, benoxacor, bensulfuron-methyl, bensulide, bentazone, benzobicyclon, benzofenap, benzoylprop, enzoylprop-ethyl, bifenox, bilanafos-sodium, bispyribac-sodium, borax, bromacil, bromobutide, bromofenoxim, bromoxynil, bromoxynil octanoate, bromoxynil-potassium, brompyrazon, butachlor, butafenacil, butenachlor, buthidazole, butralin, butroxydim, buturon, cafenstrole, calcium cyanamide, carbetamide, carfentrazone-ethyl, chlomethoxyfen, chloramben, chlorbromuron, chlorbufam, chlorfenac, chlorfenac-sodium, chlorfenprop, chlorfenprop-methyl, chlorfenprop, chlorfenprop-ethyl, chlorflurenol-methyl, chloridazon, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlornitrofen, chloroacetic acid, chloro- toluron, chloroxuron, chlorpropham, chlorsulfuron, chlorthal-dimethyl, chlorthiamid, cinidon-ethyl, cinosulfuron, clethodim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim, tralkoxydim, clodinafop-propargyl, clofop, clofop-isobutyl, clomazone, clomeprop, clopyralid, cloquintocet-mexyl, cloransulam-methyl, credazine, cumyluron, cyanamide, cyanazine, cyclosulfamuron, cycloxydim, cycluron, cyhalofop-butyl, cyometrinil, daimuron, dazomet, desmedipham, desmetryn, di-allate, dicamba, dichlobenil, dichlormid, dichlorprop, dichlorprop-isoctyl, dichlorprop-P, diclofop, diclofop-methyl, diclosulam, diethatyl- ethyl; diethatyl, difenoxuron, difenzoquatmetilsulfate, diflufenican, diflufenzopyr, dikegulac, dikegulac- sodium, dimefuron, dimepiperate, dimethachlor, dimethametryn, dimethipin,dimethylarsinic acid, dinitraminedinoseb, dinoseb acetate, dinoterb, diphenamid, dipropetryn, disul, disul-sodium, dithiopyr, diuron, DNOC, DSMA, eglinazine-ethyl, eglinazine, endothal, ethalfluralin, ethametsulfuron-methyl, ethidimuron, ethofumesate, ethoxysulfuron, etobenzanid, fenchlorazole-ethyl, fenclorim, fenoprop, fenoprop-butotyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fenthiaprop, fenthiaprop-ethyl, fentrazamide, fenuron, flamprop-methyl, flamprop-isopropyl, flamprop, flamprop-M-isopropyl, flamprop-M- methyl, flazasulfuron, florasulam, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P, fluazifop-P-butyl, fluazolate, flucarbazone-sodium, fluchloralin, flufenacet, flumetsulam, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin, flumipropyn, fluometuron, fluorodifen, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, fluothiuron, flupoxam, flupropanate-sodium, flupyr-sulfuron-methyl-sodium, flurazole, flurenol -butyl, fluridone, flurochloridone, fluroxypyr, fluroxypyr-meptyl, flurtamone, fluthiacet-methyl, fomesafen, foramsulfuron, fosamine-ammonium, furilazole, glufosinate-ammonium, glyphosate, glyphosate- ammonium, glyphosate-isopropylammonium, glyphosate-sodium, glyphosate-trimesium, halosulfuron-methyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-etotyl, haloxyfop-P, hexaflurate, hexazinone, imazamethabenzmethyl, imazamox, imazapic, imazapyr, imazapyr-isopropylammonium, imazaquin, imazethapyr, imazosulfuron, indanofan, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, ioxynil, ioxynil octanoate, ioxynil-sodium, isocarbamid, isocil, isomethiozin, isonoruron, isoproturon, isouron, isoxaben, isoxaflutole, isoxapyrifop, karbutilate, lactofen, lenacil, linuron, LS830556, maleic hydrazide, MCPA, MCPA-thioethyl, MCPB, MCPB-ethyl, mecoprop, mecoprop-P, medinoterb acetate, medinoterb, mefenacet, mefenpyrdiethyl, mefluidide, mesosulfuron-methyl, mesotrione, metamifop, metamitron, metazachlor, methabenzthiazuron, methazole, methiuron, methoprotryne, methoxyphenone, methyl isothiocyanate, methylarsonic acid, methyldymron, metobenzuron, metobromuron, metolachlor, metosulam, metoxuron, metribuzin, metsulfuron-, ethyl, MK-616, monalide, monolinuron, monuron, monuron-TCA, MSMA, naphthalic anhydride, naproanilide, napropamide, naptalam, neburon, nicosulfuron, nitralin, nitrofen, nonanoic acid, norflurazon, oleic acid (fatty acids), orbencarb, oryzalin, oxabetrinil, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon, oxasulfuron, oxaziclomefone, oxyfluorfen, pendimethalin, penoxsulam, pentachlorophenol, pentanochlor, pentoxazone, perfluidone, pethoxamid, phenisopham, phenmedipham, phenylmercury acetate, picolinafen, primisulfuron-methyl, prodiamine, profluralin, proglinazine-ethyl, proglinazine, prometon, prometryn, propachlor, propanil, propaquizafop, propazine, propham, propisochlor, propoxycarbazone-sodium, propyzamide, prosulfuron, pyraflufen-ethyl, pyrazolynate, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyrazoxyfen, pyribenzoxim, pyributicarb, pyridate, pyriftalid, pyriminobac- methyl, pyrithiobac-sodium, quinclorac, quinmerac, quinoclamine, quizalofop-ethyl,quizalofop-P-ethyl, quizalofop-P-tefuryl, rimsulfuron, sebuthylazine, secbumeton, siduron, simazine, simetryn, S-metolachlor, SMY 1500, sodium chlorate, sulcotrione, sulfentrazone, sulfometuron- methyl, sulfosulfuron, tebuthiuron, tepraloxydim, terbacil, terbumeton, terbuthylazine, terbutryn, thenylchlor, thiazafluron, thiazopyr, thidiazimin, thifensulfuron-methyl, thiobencarb, 1-dichloroacetylazepane, tralkoxydim, tri-allat, triasulfuron, tribenuron-methyl, trichloroacetic acid, triclopyr, tridiphane, trietazine, trifloxysulfuron-sodium, trifluralin, and triflusulfuron- methyl. Etc

3) Insecticides, Acaricides and Nematicides: Insecticides, acaricides and nematicides may include, but are not limited to, abamectin, acephate, acequinocyl, acetamiprid, acetoprole, acrinathrin, alanycarb, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, allethrin, alpha-cypermethrin (alphamethrin), amidoflumet, aminocarb, amitraz, avermectin, azadirachtin, azamethiphos, azinphos-methyl, azinphos-ethyl, azocyclotin, Bacillus firmus, Bacillus popilliae, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, baculoviruses, Beauveriabassiana, Beauveriatenella, benclothiaz, bendiocarb, benfuracarb, bensultap, benzoximate, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin, bifenazate, bifenthrin, binapacryl, bioallethrin, bioallethrin-5-cyclopentyl isomer, bioethanomethrin, biopermethrin, bioresmethrin, bistrifluoron, BPMC, brofenprox, bromophos-ethyl, bromopropylate, bromfenvinfos (-methyl), bufencarb, buprofezin, butathiofos, butocarboxim, butoxycarboxim, butylpyridaben, cadusafos, camphechlor, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbophenothion, carbosulfan, cartap, chinomethionat, chlorantraniliprole, chlordane, chlordimeform, chloethocarb, chlorethoxyfos, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenvinphos, chlorfluazuron, chlormephos, chlorobenzilate, chloropicrin, chlorproxyfen, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorpyrifos (-ethyl), chlovaporthrin, chromafenozide, cis-cypermethrin, cisresmethrin, cis-permethrin, clocythrin, cloethocarb, clofentezine, clothianidin, clothiazoben, codlemone, coumaphos, cyanofenphos, cyanophos, cyantraniliprole, cycloprene, cycloprothrin, cyfluthrin, cyflumetofen, cyhalothrin, cyhexatin, cypermethrin, cyphenothrin (lR-trans-isomer), cyromazine, DDT, deltamethrin, demeton-5-methyl, demeton-5-methylsulfone, diafenthiuron, dialifos, diazinon, dichlofenthion, dichlorvos, dicofol, dicrotophos, dicyclanil, diflubenzuron, dimefluthrin, dimethoate, dimethylvinphos, dinobuton, dinocap, dinotefuran, diofenolan, disulfoton, docusat-sodium, dofenapyn, eflusilanate, emamectin, emamectin- benzoate, empenthrin (lR-isomer), endosulfan, Entomopthora spp., EPN, esfenvalerate, ethiofencarb, ethion, ethiprole, ethoprophos, etofenprox, etoxazole, etrimfos, famphur, fenamiphos, fenazaquin, fenbutatin oxide, fenfluthrin, fenitrothion, fenobucarb, fenothiocarb, fenoxacrim, fenoxycarb, fenpropathrin, fenpyrad, fenpyrithrin, fenpyroximate, fensulfothion, fenthion, fentrifanil, fenvalerate, fipronil, flonicamid, fluacrypyrim, fluazuron, flubendiamide, flubenzimine, flubrocythrinate, flucycloxuron, flucythrinate, flufenerim, flufenoxuron, flufenprox, flumethrin, flupyrazofos, flutenzin (flufenzine), fluvalinate, fonofos, formetanate, formothion, fosmethilan, fosthiazate, fubfenprox (fluproxyfen), furathiocarb, gamma- cyhalothrin, gamma-HCH, gossyplure, grandlure, granulosis viruses, halfenprox, halofenozide, heptenophos, hexaflumuron, hexythiazox, hydramethylnone, hydroprene, imidacloprid, imiprothrin, indoxacarb, iodofenphos, iprobenfos, isazofos, isofenphos, isoprocarb, isoxathion, ivermectin, japonilure, kadethrin, nuclear polyhedrosis viruses, kinoprene, lambda-cyhalothrin, lindane, lufenuron, malathion, mecarbam, mesulfenfos, metaldehyde, metam-sodium, methacrifos, methamidophos, Metharhiziumanisopliae, Metharhiziumflavoviride, methidathion, methiocarb, methomyl, methoprene, methoxychlor, methoxyfenozide, metofluthrin, metolcarb, metoxadiazone, mevinphos, milbemectin, milbemycin, monocrotophos, moxidectin, niclosamide, nicotine, nitenpyram, nithiazine, novaluron, noviflumuron, omethoate, oxamyl, oxydemeton-methyl, Paecilomycesfumosoroseus, parathion-methyl, parathion (-ethyl), permethrin (cis-, trans-), petroleum, phenothrin (lR-trans isomer), phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosmet, phosphamidon, phosphocarb, phoxim, piperonyl butoxide, pirimicarb, pirimiphos-methyl, pirimiphos-ethyl, potassium oleate, prallethrin, profenofos, profluthrin, promecarb, propaphos, propargite, propetamphos, propoxur, prothiofos, prothoate, protrifenbute, pymetrozine, pyraclofos, pyrafluprole, pyresmethrin, pyrethrum, pyridaben, pyridalyl, pyridaphenthion, pyridathion, pyrimidifen, pyriprole, pyriproxyfen, quinalphos, resmethrin, ribavirin, rynaxapyr, salithion, sebufos, silafluofen, spinosad, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, sulfluramid, sulfotep, sulprofos, tau-fluvalinate, tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad, tebupirimfos, teflubenzuron, tefluthrin, temephos, temivinphos, terbam, terbufos, tetrachlorvinphos, tetradifon, tetramethrin, tetramethrin (lR-isomer), tetrasul, theta-cypermethrin, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, thiapronil, thiatriphos, thiocyclamhydrogenoxalate, thiodicarb, thiofanox, thiometon, thiosultap-sodium, thuringiensin, tolfenpyrad, tralocythrin, tralomethrin, transfluthrin, triarathene, triazamate, triazophos, triazuron, trichlophenidine, trichlorfon, triflumuron, trimethacarb, vamidothion, vaniliprole, verbutin, Verticillium lecanii, xylylcarb, zeta-cypermethrin, zolaprofos, compound 3-methylphenyl propylcarbamate (Tsumacide Z) and preparations which comprise insecticidally active plant extracts, nematodes, fungi or viruses etc.

4) Fungicides: Fungicides may include, but are not limited to, amino acid amide carbamates, anilinopyrimidines, antibiotics, aromatic hydrocarbons, heteroaromatics, chloro/nitrophenyls, benzamides (F), benzenesulfonamides, benzimidazoles, benzimidazole precursors, benzotriazines, carboxamides, cinnamic acids, cyanoacetamide oximes, dicarboximides, dithiolanes, DMI: imidazoles, piperazines, pyrimidines, and tnazoles; enopyranuronic acid antibiotics, heteroaromatic hydroxyanilides, MBI: dehydratases and reductases; morpholine morpholines, morpholine spiroketalamines, multi-site chloronitriles, multi-site dimethyldithiocarbamates, multi-site guanidines, multi-site inorganics, multi-site phthalimides, multi-site quinones, multi-site sulfamides, N-phenyl carbamate fungicides, organotin fungicides, phenylamide: acylalanines, phenylamide: butyrolactones, phenylamide: oxazolidinones, phenylpyrroles, phenylurea fungicides, phosphonates, phosphorothiolates, pyridazinone fungicides, pyrimidinamines, pyrimidinols, Qil, quinolines, thiocarbamates, strobilurinanalog: dihydrodioxazines, strobilurin type: imidazolinones, strobilurin type: methoxyacrylates, strobilurin type: ethoxycarbamates, strobilurin type: oxazolidinediones, strobilurin type: oximinoacetamides, strobilurin type: oximinoacetates, thiazolecarboxamides, thiocarbamate fungicides, and thiophenecarboxamides. Suitable fungicides include 1,2-dichloro- propane, 2-methoxyethylmercury chloride, 2-phenylphenol, 8-hydroxy-quinoline sulfate, ampropylfos, anilazine, azaconazole, azoxystrobin, benalaxyl, benodanil, benomyl, benquinox, benthiavalicarb-isopropyl, binapacryl, biphenyl, bis(tributyltin) oxide, bitertanol, blasticidin-S, borax, boscalid, bromuconazole, bupirimate, buthiobate, captafol, captan, carbendazim, carboxin, carpropamid, chinomethionat, chlobenthiazone, chloraniformethan, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, chlozolinate, climbazole, copper oxychloride, copper sulfate, copper sulfate (tribasic), cuprous oxide, cyazofamid, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, cyprofuram, dazomet, dichlofluanid, dichlone, dichlorophen, diclobutrazol, diclocymet, diclomezine, dicloran, diethofencarb, difenoconazole, difenzoquatmetilsulfate, diflumetorim, dimethirimol, dimethomorph, dimoxystrobin, diniconazole, dinobuton, dinocap, diphenylamine, ditalimfos, dithianon, dodemorph, dodemorph acetate, dodine, drazoxolon, edifenphos, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, etem, ethaboxam, ethirimol, etridiazole, famoxadone, fenamidone, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, fenfuram, fenhexamid, fenitropan, fenoxanil, fenpiclonil, fenpropimorph, fentin acetate, fentin hydroxide, ferimzone, fluazinam, fludioxonil, flumorph, fluoroimide, fluotrimazole, fluoxastrobin, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flusulfamide, flutolanil, flutriafol, folpet, fosetyl-aluminum, fuberidazole, furalaxyl, furametpyr, furconazole-cis, furmecyclox, glyodin, griseofulvin, halacrinate,hexachlorobenzene, hexaconazole, hymexazol, imazalil, imibenconazole, iminoctadine triacetate, iminoctadine tris(albesilate), ipconazole, iprodione, iprovalicarb, isoprothiolane, kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate, kresoxim-methyl, Mancozeb, mebenil, mepanipyrim, mepronil, mercuric chloride, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M, metconazole, methasulfocarb, methfuroxam, methyl iodide, methyl isothiocyanate, metominostrobin, metsulfovax, mildiomycin, myclobutanil, myclozolin, natamycin, nitrothal-isopropyl, nuarimol, ofurace, oleic acid, fatty acids), oxabetrinil, oxadixyl, oxpoconazole fumarate, oxycarboxin, penconazole, pencycuron, pentachlorophenol, phenylmercury acetate, phenylmercury dimethyldithiocarbamate, phenylmercury nitrate, phosphonic acid, phthalide, picoxystrobin, polyoxin B, polyoxorim, potassium bicarbonate, potassium hydroxyquinoline sulfate, prochloraz, procymidone, propamocarb hydrochloride, propiconazole, proquinazid, prothiocarb; prothiocarb hydrochloride, prothioconazole, pyracarbolid, pyraclostrobin, pyrazophos, pyributicarb, pyrimethanil, pyroquilon, quinoclamine, quinoxyfen, quintozene, silthiofam, simeconazole, sodium bicarbonate, spiroxamine, sulfur, tebuconazole, tecnazene, tetraconazole, thiabendazole, thicyofen, thifluzamide, thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl, thiram, tiadinil, tolclofos-methyl, tolylfluanid, triadimefon, triadimenol, triamiphos, triazoxide, trichlamide, tricyclazole, trifloxystrobin, triflumizole, triforine, triticonazole, urbacid, validamycin, vinclozolin, zarilamid, ziram, and zoxamide.etc

5) Bactericides: Bactericides may include, but are not limited to, bronopol, dichlorophen, nitrapyrin, nickel dimethyldithiocarbamate, kasugamycin, octhilinone, furancarboxylic acid, oxytetracyclin, probenazole, streptomycin, tecloftalam, copper sulfate and other copper preparations

6) Plant Nutrients: may include, but are not limited to,Amino acids, protein hydrolysate, Spirulina, extracts of plants and algae, Folic acid etc.
7) Plant Growth Regulators: may include, but are not limited to,Indole acetic acid, Indole butyric acid, Gibberellic Acid, 6-benzyladenine, Forchlorfenuron, Brassinolides, 4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid, Da-6, NATCA, ATONIK etc
8) Micronutrients: may include, but are not limited to,ETDA salts of Micronutrients, EDDHA chelated Micronutrients, Magnesium, Manganese, boron, trace elements, Zinc, Copper, Molybdenum, selenium, ferrous etc.

9) Organic Manures: Organic manures can be any plant or animal extracts used in agriculture including but not limiting to Compost, manure, livestock excreta, human excreta, burned plant ash, wood ash, rice straw, barley straw, rice chaff, rice bran, wheat bran, bean pods,organic fertilizers, fish dregs, livestock and poultry feces, processed livestock and poultry feces, ashed livestock and poultry feces, sludge fertilizers, sugar by-product lime, converter slag, ashed shell powder, agricultural product waste, food industry waste, fermentation industry waste, fermentation lees, fiber industry waste, marine product industry waste, sewer sludge, urban compost and ashed bone, zeolite, bentonite, vermiculite, peat, pearlite, charcoal etc.

The preferred embodiment of this invention is to mix acids 5 to 30% weight, alkali 5to 50% weight, gliding agents 0.5 to 10% weight, binders 1 to 30% weight lubricants 0.5 to 10% weight, colouring agents 0.1 to 2% weight and active ingredients 1 to 60 % weight and grind them and sieve them to pass a microns meshof 300 – 500 microns. The obtained powder is then formed into tablets in a climate controlled room with temperature below 20 degree Celsius and relative humidity below 20. These tablets are then packed in aluminium pouches, aluminium foil or HDPE tubes with desiccant caps.
The resultant tablets with different active ingredients and different concentrations can be obtained. These tablets can be then dissolved in water and applied on crops through foliar application or drip irrigation. These tablets can also be broadcasted in the soil which will dissolve in contact with water and deliver the active ingredient to the plants.
Following are examples of preparing effervescent tablets of agri-inputs with the advantageous features.
Example 1
Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Fertilizer, Plant growth regulator and Plant Nutrient was prepared by the following procedure.
The main components of the tablets are Acids, Alkali, Gliding Agents, binders, lubricants, colouring agents and Active ingredients of agri-inputs which can be used in varying combinations.
The following ingredients were taken for the 6 Kgs batch.
1) Acids: Citric Acid 250 grams, Tartaric acid 500 grams.
2) Alkali: Sodium Bicarbonate 950 grams, Sodium Carbonate 125 grams.
3) Gliding agents: Sodium benzoate 250 grams, boric acid 250 grams.
4) Binders: Maltodextrin 500 grams, Sorbitol 300 grams
5) Lubricants: PEG 6000 – 200 grams, Talc 100 grams
6) Active Ingredients 1 (Fertilizers): Potassium Humate 600 grams, Seaweed extract 900 grams, dibasic potassium phosphate 500 grams.
7) Active Ingredients 2 (Plant growth regulator): Gibberellic Acid 60 grams
8) Active Ingredient 3 (Plant Nutrient): Amino Acid 500 grams
9) Colouring agents: Yellow food colour 15 grams.
All the ingredients were weighed in above mentioned proportions.
Step 1: All ingredients were grinded separately, one at a time and passed through a sieve of 500 microns mesh size to obtain uniform particle size of each ingredient.
Step 2: The grinded and sieved Citric acid 250 grams, tartaric acid 500 grams were mixed together in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 60 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 3: The grinded and sieved Sodium bicarbonate 950 grams and sodium carbonate 125 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 4: The grinded and sieved Sodium benzoate 250 grams, Talc 100 grams and dibasic potassium phosphate were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes to remove any moisture present. The Talc helps to enhance free flowing properties of dibasic potassium phosphate.
Step 5: In a ribbon blender, all the above ingredients are added in the above-mentioned proportion and are mixed for 1 hour. The obtained mixture is then sent for tableting process, which is also called the direct compression process.
Step 6: In a climate controlled room the temperature is maintained at 20 degrees Celsius and relative humidity less than 15. The obtained powder of step 5 is filled in the tableting machines and with compression the tablets are obtained. The tableting machine is adjusted to provide the desired hardness and weight of the tablet to 2.5 grams per tablet.
Step 7: The obtained tablets were checked for hardness and dissolving time in water. It took 4 minutes for the tablets to get completely dissolved in water.
Step 8: The manufactured tablets were then packed in HDPE tubes having desiccant caps. 40 tablets were packed in one tube.
Step 9: Based on the quantity of active ingredients and weight of the tablets the dose was set to 100 Nos of Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Fertilizer, Plant growth regulator and Plant Nutrient for 200 Litres of water, for application through drip irrigation system in one acre of land.
The tablets thus obtained were found to be advantageous and fulfilling the objects of the invention.

Example 2
Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Herbicide and Plant growth regulator was prepared by the following procedure.
The main components of the tablets are Acids, Alkali, Gliding Agents, binders, lubricants, colouring agents and Active ingredients of agri-inputs which can be used in varying combinations.
The following ingredients were taken for the 6 Kgs batch.
1) Acids: Citric Acid 500 grams, Fumaric acid 200 grams.
2) Alkali: Sodium Bicarbonate 1200 grams
3) Gliding agents: Sodium benzoate 300 grams, Magnesium Stearate 150 grams
4) Binders: Sorbitol 335 grams
5) Lubricants: PEG 6000 – 150 grams, Potassium Silicate 90 grams
6) Active Ingredients 1 (Herbicide): Glyphosate ammonium Salt 71% - 3000 grams
7) Active Ingredients 2 (Plant growth regulator): DA-6 - 60 grams
8) Colouring agents: Green food colour 15 grams.
All the ingredients were weighed in above mentioned proportions.
Step 1: All ingredients were grinded separately, one at a time and passed through a sieve of 500 microns mesh size to obtain uniform particle size of each ingredient.
Step 2: The grinded and sieved Citric acid 500 grams, Fumaric acid 500 grams were mixed together in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 3: The grinded and sieved Sodium bicarbonate 1200 grams and Magnesium Stearate 150 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 4: The grinded and sieved Sodium benzoate 300 grams, DA-6 - 60 grams and Potassium Silicate 90 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes to remove any moisture present. The Potassium Silicate helps to enhance free flowing properties of DA-6.
Step 5: In a ribbon blender, all the above ingredients are added in the above-mentioned proportion and are mixed for 1 hour. The obtained mixture is then sent for tableting process, which is also called the direct compression process.
Step 6: In a climate controlled room the temperature is maintained at 18 degrees Celsius and relative humidity less than 12. The obtained powder of step 5 is filled in the tableting machines and with compression the tablets are obtained. The tableting machine is adjusted to provide the desired hardness and weight of the tablet to 2.7 grams per tablet.
Step 7: The obtained tablets were checked for hardness and dissolving time in water. It took 3 minutes for the tablets to get completely dissolved in water.
Step 8: The manufactured tablets were then packed in Aluminium pouches containing 100 tablets in one pouch.
Step 9: Based on the quantity of active ingredients and weight of the tablets the dose was set to 100 Nos of Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Herbicide and Plant growth regulator 15 Litres of water, for foliar application for controlling Weeds.
The purpose of adding plant growth regulator DA-6 with an herbicide is to increase the uptake of herbicide by the plants that results in better absorption and faster killing of the weeds. The tablets thus obtained were found to be advantageous and fulfilling the objects of the invention.

Example 3
Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Insecticide and Plant growth regulators was prepared by the following procedure.
The main components of the tablets are Acids, Alkali, Gliding Agents, binders, lubricants, colouring agents and Active ingredients of agri-inputs which can be used in varying combinations.
The following ingredients were taken for the 6 Kgs batch.
1) Acids: Citric Acid 600 grams, Ascorbic acid 200 grams.
2) Alkali: Sodium Bicarbonate 1100 grams, Sodium Carbonate 200 grams
3) Gliding agents: Sodium benzoate 200 grams, Magnesium Stearate 100 grams
4) Binders: Maltodextrin 600 grams, Xanthan Gum 50 grams
5) Lubricants: PEG 4000 – 200 grams, Potassium Silicate 200 grams
6) Active Ingredients 1 (Insecticide): Emamectin Benzoate 70% purity- 1700 grams
7) Active Ingredients 2 (Plant growth regulators): Gibberellic acid60 grams, ATONIK 60 grams.
8) Colouring agents: Red food colour 30 grams.
9) Solvents and Binders for Emamectin Benzoate: Methanol 500 grams and polyvinyl pyrolidone 200 grams.
All the ingredients were weighed in above mentioned proportions.
Step 1: All ingredients were grinded separately, one at a time and passed through a sieve of 500 microns meshsize to obtain uniform particle size of each ingredient.
Step 2: The grinded and sieved Citric acid 600 grams, Ascorbic acid 200 grams were mixed together in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 3: The grinded and sieved Sodium bicarbonate 1100 grams and sodium carbonate 200 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 4: In a ribbon blender Emamectin Benzoate 1700 grams, xanthan gum 50 grams, maltodextrin 600 grams, Methanol 500 grams and polyvinyl pyrolidone 200 grams were added and mixed together for 2 hours to form a thick paste. Using the wet granulation technique, the paste was added to the granulator machine where the particles were air dried in hot air. The granules obtained were grinded and passed through the sieve of 500 microns meshandplaced in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 5: In a ribbon blender, all the above ingredients are added in the above-mentioned proportion and are mixed for 1 hour. The obtained mixture is then sent for tableting process.
Step 6: In a climate controlled room the temperature is maintained at 18 degrees Celsius and relative humidity less than 12. The obtained powder of step 5 is filled in the tableting machines and with compression the tablets are obtained. The tableting machine is adjusted to provide the desired hardness and weight of the tablet to 2.5 grams per tablet.
Step 7: The obtained tablets were checked for hardness and dissolving time in water. It took 3 minutes for the tablets to get completely dissolved in water.
Step 8: The manufactured tablets were then packed in HDPE tubes with desiccant caps containing 10 tablets per tube.
Step 9: Based on the quantity of active ingredients and weight of the tablets the dose was set to 1 Tablet per 15 Litres of water, for foliar application for controlling Insects, specially larvae. The added plant growth regulators provided greenish colour to plants which were affected by the insects and helped in faster recovery from the damage.
The purpose of adding plant growth regulator Gibberellic acid and ATONIK with an Insecticide reduces the time and effort of the farmer in spraying two different products. The tablets thus obtained were found to be advantageous and fulfilling the objects of the invention.

Example 4
Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Fungicides and Plant growth regulator was prepared by the following procedure.
The main components of the tablets are Acids, Alkali, Gliding Agents, binders, lubricants, colouring agents and Active ingredients of agri-inputs which can be used in varying combinations.
The following ingredients were taken for the 6 Kgs batch.
1) Acids: Citric Acid 500 grams, Fumaric acid 200 grams.
2) Alkali: Sodium Bicarbonate 1200 grams
3) Gliding agents: Sodium benzoate 300 grams, Magnesium Stearate 150 grams
4) Binders: Sorbitol 335 grams
5) Lubricants: PEG 6000 – 150 grams, Potassium Silicate 90 grams
6) Active Ingredients 1 (Herbicide): Copper Sulphate 900 grams, Mancozeb 78% WP 1500 grams, Phosphorous acid crystal 600 grams
7) Active Ingredients 2 (Plant growth regulator): DA-6 - 60 grams
8) Colouring agents: Yellow food colour 15 grams.
All the ingredients were weighed in above mentioned proportions.
Step 1: All ingredients were grinded separately, one at a time and passed through a sieve of 500 microns meshsize to obtain uniform particle size of each ingredient.
Step 2: The grinded and sieved Citric acid 500 grams, Fumaric acid 500 grams were mixed together in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 3: The grinded and sieved Sodium bicarbonate 1200 grams and Magnesium Stearate 150 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 4: The grinded and sieved Sodium benzoate 300 grams, DA-6 - 60 grams and Potassium Silicate 90 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes to remove any moisture present. The Potassium Silicate helps to enhance free flowing properties of DA-6.
Step 5: In a ribbon blender, all the above ingredients are added in the above-mentioned proportion and are mixed for 1 hour. The obtained mixture is then sent for tableting process, which is also called the direct compression process.
Step 6: In a climate controlled room the temperature is maintained at 18 degrees Celsius and relative humidity less than 12. The obtained powder of step 5 is filled in the tableting machines and with compression the tablets are obtained. The tableting machine is adjusted to provide the desired hardness and weight of the tablet to 2.7 grams per tablet.
Step 7: The obtained tablets were checked for hardness and dissolving time in water. It took 4 minutes for the tablets to get completely dissolved in water.
Step 8: The manufactured tablets were then packed in Aluminium pouches containing 100 tablets in one pouch.
Step 9: Based on the quantity of active ingredients and weight of the tablets the dose was set to 100 Nos of Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Fungicides and Plant growth regulator for 15 Litres of water, for foliar application for controlling Funguses.
The purpose of adding plant growth regulator DA-6 with fungicides is to help the plants to recover faster from the fungus attack and promote growth of the plants. This save the time, money and effort of farmers to buy two separate products and apply them. The tablets thus obtained were found to be advantageous and fulfilling the objects of the invention.

Example 5
Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Bactericides and Plant nutrients was prepared by the following procedure.
The main components of the tablets are Acids, Alkali, Gliding Agents, binders, lubricants, colouring agents and Active ingredients of agri-inputs which can be used in varying combinations.
The following ingredients were taken for the 6 Kgs batch.
1) Acids: Tartaric acid 500 grams, Fumaric acid 200 grams, Ascorbic acid 100 grams
2) Alkali: Sodium Bicarbonate 800 grams, Calcium Carbonate 200 grams, potassium carbonate 100 grams
3) Gliding agents: Sodium benzoate 200 grams, Magnesium Stearate 100 grams.
4) Binders: Maltodextrin 200 grams, Sorbitol 300 grams, Xanthan Gum 25 grams
5) Lubricants: PEG 6000 – 200 grams, Talc 100 grams
6) Active Ingredients 1 (Bactericide): Dichlorophen 750 grams, Copper Sulphate 500 grams, Streptomycin 1200 grams.
7) Active Ingredient 2 (Plant Nutrient): Amino Acid 500 grams
8) Colouring agents: Yellow food colour 25 grams.
All the ingredients were weighed in above mentioned proportions.
Step 1: All ingredients were grinded separately, one at a time and passed through a sieve of 500 microns meshsize to obtain uniform particle size of each ingredient.
Step 2: The grinded and sieved Tartaric acid 500 grams, Fumaric acid 200 grams and Ascorbic acid 100 grams were mixed together in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 3: The grinded and sieved Sodium Bicarbonate 800 grams, Calcium Carbonate 200 grams, and potassium carbonate 100 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 4: The grinded and sieved Sodium benzoate 200 grams, Magnesium Stearate 100 grams, Talc 100 grams, Copper sulphate 500 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 90 minutes to remove any moisture present. The Talc helps to enhance free flowing properties of copper sulphate.
Step 5: In a ribbon blender, all the above ingredients are added in the above-mentioned proportion and are mixed for 1 hour. The obtained mixture is then sent for tableting process, which is also called the direct compression process.
Step 6: In a climate controlled room the temperature is maintained at 18 degrees Celsius and relative humidity less than 15. The obtained powder of step 5 is filled in the tableting machines and with compression the tablets are obtained. The tableting machine is adjusted to provide the desired hardness and weight of the tablet to 2.5 grams per tablet.
Step 7: The obtained tablets were checked for hardness and dissolving time in water. It took 4 minutes for the tablets to get completely dissolved in water.
Step 8: The manufactured tablets were then packed in HDPE tubes having desiccant caps. 40 tablets were packed in one tube.
Step 9: Based on the quantity of active ingredients and weight of the tablets the dose was set to 2 Nos of Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Bactericide and Plant Nutrient for 15 Litres of water, for foliar application. These tablets can also be broadcasted in the fields at the rate of 100 tablets per acre.
Those skilled in the art will understand that various combinations are possible with the ingredients, however a small change can greatly influence the effectiveness of the product. In this example, calcium carbonate is used as an alkali source. This is not just to have the reactive effervescent effect with acid but it also helps in reacting with copper sulphate to form Bordeaux mixture which is a potent bactericide and has more effectiveness than copper sulphate alone.
The tablets thus obtained were found to be advantageous and fulfilling the objects of the invention.

Example 6
Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Plant nutrients and Plant growth regulator and Micronutrient was prepared by the following procedure.
The main components of the tablets are Acids, Alkali, Gliding Agents, binders, lubricants, colouring agents and Active ingredients of agri-inputs which can be used in varying combinations.
The following ingredients were taken for the 6 Kgs batch.
1) Acids: Citric acid 200 grams, maleic acid 100 grams, Tartaric acid 400 grams
2) Alkali: Sodium Bicarbonate 800 grams, potassium hydrogen carbonate 200 grams, potassium carbonate 100 grams
3) Gliding agents: Boric acid 200 grams, Magnesium Stearate 250 grams.
4) Binders: Sorbitol 300 grams, Lactose 200 grams, Methyl Cellulose 400 grams
5) Lubricants: PEG 6000 – 200 grams, Potassium Silicate 300 grams
6) Active Ingredients 1 (Plant Nutrients): Protein Hydrolysate 600 grams, Spirulina powder 900 grams, Folic Acid225 grams.
7) Active Ingredient 2 (Plant Growth Regulator): ATONIK 50 grams
8) Active Ingredient 3 (Micronutrient): Zinc Sulphate EDTA 550 grams
9) Colouring agents: Green food colour 25 grams.
All the ingredients were weighed in above mentioned proportions.
Step 1: All ingredients were grinded separately, one at a time and passed through a sieve of 500 microns meshsize to obtain uniform particle size of each ingredient.
Step 2: The grinded and sieved Citric acid 200 grams, maleic acid 100 grams and Tartaric acid 400 grams were mixed together in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 80 degrees Celsius for 45 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 3: The grinded and sieved Sodium Bicarbonate 800 grams, potassium hydrogen carbonate 200 grams and potassium carbonate 100 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 80 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 4: The grinded and sieved Magnesium Stearate 250 grams, Methyl Cellulose 400 grams, Potassium Silicate 300 grams, Protein Hydrolysate 600 grams and Folic Acid 225 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes to remove any moisture present. This process helps to enhance free flowing properties of protein hydrolysate and folic acid.
Step 5: In a ribbon blender, all the above ingredients are added in the above-mentioned proportion and are mixed for 1 hour. The obtained mixture is then sent for tableting process, which is also called the direct compression process.
Step 6: In a climate controlled room the temperature is maintained at 18 degrees Celsius and relative humidity less than 15. The obtained powder of step 5 is filled in the tableting machines and with compression the tablets are obtained. The tableting machine is adjusted to provide the desired hardness and weight of the tablet to 2.5 grams per tablet.
Step 7: The obtained tablets were checked for hardness and dissolving time in water. It took 4 minutes for the tablets to get completely dissolved in water.
Step 8: The manufactured tablets were then packed in HDPE tubes having desiccant caps. 40 tablets were packed in one tube.
Step 9: Based on the quantity of active ingredients and weight of the tablets the dose was set to 4 Nos of Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Plant Nutrients, Plant growth regulator and Micronutrient for 15 Litres of water, for foliar application. These tablets can also be broadcasted in the fields at the rate of 200 tablets per acre.
The tablets thus obtained were found to be advantageous and fulfilling the objects of the invention.

Example 7
Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Plant growth regulator, Fertilizer and Micronutrient was prepared by the following procedure.
The main components of the tablets are Acids, Alkali, Gliding Agents, binders, lubricants, colouring agents and Active ingredients of agri-inputs which can be used in varying combinations.
The following ingredients were taken for the 6 Kgs batch.
1) Acids: Citric acid 200 grams, Tartaric acid 400 grams
2) Alkali: Sodium Bicarbonate 1000 grams, Sodium Carbonate 200
3) Gliding agents: Sodium Benzoate 400 grams, Magnesium Stearate 250 grams.
4) Binders: Maltodextrin 500 grams, Methyl Cellulose 400 grams
5) Lubricants: PEG 4000 – 300 grams, Potassium Silicate 500 grams
6) Active Ingredients 1 (Plant growth regulators): Gibberellic Acid150 grams, Indole Acetic acid 200 grams, DA-6 200 grams
7) Active Ingredient 2 (Fertilizer): Seaweed extract 875 grams
8) Active Ingredient 3 (Micronutrient): Boric acid400 grams
9) Colouring agents: Green food colour 25 grams.
All the ingredients were weighed in above mentioned proportions.
Step 1: All ingredients were grinded separately, one at a time and passed through a sieve of 500 microns meshsize to obtain uniform particle size of each ingredient.
Step 2: The grinded and sieved Citric acid 200 grams and Tartaric acid 400 grams were mixed together in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 80 degrees Celsius for 45 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 3: The grinded and sieved Sodium Bicarbonate 1000 grams and sodium carbonate 200 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 80 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 4: The grinded and sieved Sodium Benzoate 400 grams, Magnesium Stearate 250 grams, Potassium Silicate 500 grams and DA-6 200 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes to remove any moisture present. This process helps to enhance free flowing properties of protein hydrolysate and folic acid.
Step 5: In a ribbon blender, all the above ingredients are added in the above-mentioned proportion and are mixed for 1 hour. The obtained mixture is then sent for tableting process, which is also called the direct compression process.
Step 6: In a climate controlled room the temperature is maintained at 18 degrees Celsius and relative humidity less than 15. The obtained powder of step 5 is filled in the tableting machines and with compression the tablets are obtained. The tableting machine is adjusted to provide the desired hardness and weight of the tablet to 2.5 grams per tablet.
Step 7: The obtained tablets were checked for hardness and dissolving time in water. It took 3 minutes for the tablets to get completely dissolved in water.
Step 8: The manufactured tablets were then packed in HDPE tubes having desiccant caps. 10 tablets were packed in one tube.
Step 9: Based on the quantity of active ingredients and weight of the tablets the dose was set to 1 Tablet of Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Plant growth regulator, fertilizer and Micronutrient for 15 Litres of water, for foliar application. These tablets can also be dissolved and applied through drip irrigation at the rate of 20 tablets per acre.
The tablets thus obtained were found to be advantageous and fulfilling the objects of the invention.

Example 8
Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Organic manures and Fertilizer and Micronutrients was prepared by the following procedure.
The main components of the tablets are Acids, Alkali, Gliding Agents, binders, lubricants, colouring agents and Active ingredients of agri-inputs which can be used in varying combinations.
The following ingredients were taken for the 6 Kgs batch.
1) Acids: maleic acid 200 grams, Tartaric acid 400 grams
2) Alkali: Sodium Bicarbonate 800 grams, potassium carbonate 100 grams
3) Gliding agents: Sodium benzoate 100 grams Magnesium Stearate 150 grams.
4) Binders: Methyl Cellulose 800 grams
5) Lubricants: PEG 6000 – 200 grams
6) Active Ingredients 1 (Organic Manures): Vermin compost 1200 grams, Urban compost 900 grams.
7) Active Ingredient 2 (Fertilizer): Potassium Humate 800 grams
8) Active Ingredient 3 (Micronutrients): Zinc Sulphate EDTA 100 grams, Boric Acid 150 grams, Magnesium sulphate EDTA salt 100 grams
9) Colouring agents: NIL
All the ingredients were weighed in above mentioned proportions.
Step 1: All ingredients were grinded separately, one at a time and passed through a sieve of 500 microns meshsize to obtain uniform particle size of each ingredient.
Step 2: The grinded and sieved maleic acid 200 grams and Tartaric acid 400 grams were mixed together in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 80 degrees Celsius for 45 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 3: The grinded and sieved Sodium Bicarbonate 800 grams and potassium carbonate 100 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 80 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 4: The grinded and sieved Vermin compost 1200 grams, Urban compost 900 grams and Potassium Humate 800 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 5: In a ribbon blender, all the above ingredients are added in the above-mentioned proportion and are mixed for 1 hour. The obtained mixture is then sent for tableting process, which is also called the direct compression process.
Step 6: In a climate controlled room the temperature is maintained at 20 degrees Celsius and relative humidity less than 18. The obtained powder of step 5 is filled in the tableting machines and with compression the tablets are obtained. The tableting machine is adjusted to provide the desired hardness and weight of the tablet to 2 grams per tablet.
Step 7: The obtained tablets were checked for hardness and dissolving time in water. It took 4 minutes for the tablets to dissolve in water.
Step 8: The manufactured tablets were then packed in aluminium pouches containing 600 tablets.
Step 9: Based on the quantity of active ingredients and weight of the tablets the dose was set to 600 tablets of Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Organic manure, fertilizers and Micronutrients for 1 acre of Land. These tablets were specially made for broadcasting purpose. The broadcasted tablets when comes in contact with irrigation water or rains will disintegrate and provide the nutrition to the crops. One of the benefits of these tablets is that they can be broadcasted before and whenever nutrition is to be provided, water should be released through flood irrigation method.
The tablets thus obtained were found to be advantageous and fulfilling the objects of the invention.

Best Method: Manufacturing of effervescent tablets containing agri-inputs can be done with various combinations, ingredients and processes. Some of the important parameters include treating the ingredients, understanding the reactions between various ingredients, maintaining the right climate control parameters and using the right packaging for the products prepared.
Effervescent tablets of agri-inputs containing Plant growth regulators, fertilizer and plant nutrient was prepared by the following procedure.
The main components of the tablets are Acids, Alkali, Gliding Agents, binders, lubricants, colouring agents and Active ingredients of agri-inputs which can be used in varying combinations.
The following ingredients were taken for the 6 Kgs batch.
1) Acids: Citric Acid 300 grams, Tartaric acid 600 grams
2) Alkali: Sodium Bicarbonate 1200 grams, Sodium carbonate 300 grams
3) Gliding agents: Sodium benzoate 300 grams
4) Binders: Maltodextrin 750 grams, methyl Cellulose 300 grams
5) Lubricants: PEG 6000 – 300 grams, Potassium Silicate 300 grams
6) Active Ingredients 1 (Plant growth regulators): Gibberellic acid 180 grams, DA-6 440 grams.
7) Active Ingredient 2 (Fertilizer): Potassium Humate 500 grams
8) Active Ingredient 3 (Plant nutrient): Amino Acid 500 grams.
9) Colouring agents: Green food colour 30 grams
Magnesium stearate 200 grams was used for coating the finished tablets which is not included in the tableting formulation.
All the ingredients were weighed in above mentioned proportions.
Step 1: All ingredients were grinded separately, one at a time and passed through a sieve of 500 microns meshsize to obtain uniform particle size of each ingredient.
Step 2: The grinded and sieved Citric Acid 300 grams and Tartaric acid 600 grams were mixed together in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 80 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes. The tray was removed and the powders were mixed properly again and uniformly spread on the tray again. The tray was again placed in tray dryer for 30 minutes to remove any moisture present.
Step 3: The grinded and sieved Sodium Bicarbonate 1200 grams and Sodium carbonate 300 grams were mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 100 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes. The tray was removed and the powders were mixed properly again and uniformly spread on the tray again. The tray was again placed in tray dryer for 30 minutes to remove any moisture present. At 100 degree, Celsius the outer layer of sodium bicarbonate gets converted to sodium carbonate thereby reducing the moisture absorption and reducing the reaction with acids unless dissolved in water.
NOTE: It is important that the acids should be mixed with acids and alkalis should be mixed with alkalis to avoid any reaction from moisture in the air and formation of lumps.
Step 4: DA-6 is highly hygroscopic and therefore the grinded and sieved DA-6 440 grams and Potassium Silicate 300 grams are mixed in a ribbon blender and placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 60 minutes to remove any moisture present and reduce the hygroscopic properties of the powder.
Step 5: All the remaining ingredients are individually placed in a tray dryer at 70 degrees Celsius for 45 minutes to remove the presence of moisture if any.
Step 6: In a ribbon blender, all the above ingredients are added in the above-mentioned proportion and are mixed for 1 hour. This mixing is carried out in the climate controlled room, where the temperature is maintained at 20 degrees Celsius and relative humidity at 15. The obtained mixture is then sent for tableting process, which is also called the direct compression process.
Step 7: The obtained powder of step 6 is filled in the tableting machines and with compression the tablets are obtained. The tableting machine is adjusted to provide the desired hardness and weight of the tablet to 2.5 grams per tablet.
Step 8: The obtained tablets were checked for hardness and one tablet was checked for dissolving time in water. It took 4 minutes for the tablets to dissolve in water.
Step 9: The tablets were then put in a tray and 200 grams of Magnesium Stearate powder was sprinkled on these tablets and was rubbed thoroughly on the tablets by using rubber gloves, to avoid any moisture from hand to contaminate the tablets. The magnesium stearate powder helps to reduce the contact of moisture in the air with tablets and helps preserve them for longer period.
Step 10: The manufactured tablets were then packed in HDPE tubes with desiccant caps. 10 tablets were packed in each tube.
Step 9: Based on the quantity of active ingredients and weight of the tablets the dose was set to 1 Effervescent tablet of agri-inputs containing Plant growth regulator, fertilizers and plant nutrient for 1 knapsack sprayer of 15 Litres for foliar application. 10 tablets can be dissolved in 200 litres of water and sprayed through pressure sprayer on one acre of Land. These 10 tablets can also be dissolved in 200 litres of water and be applied through drip irrigation system. For broadcasting 50 tablets can be broadcasted in the field of one acre. The broadcasted tablets when comes in contact with irrigation water or rains will disintegrate and provide the nutrition to the crops.
The tablets thus obtained can be foliar applied, applied though drip irrigation and can be broadcasted. They are compact in size, easy to handle and transport and economically beneficial. They were found to be advantageous and fulfilling the objects of the invention.

Cited Patent Filing Date Publication Date Applicant Title
PCT/AU2013/001023 09-09-2013 20-03-2014 Mr. Daniel Drew
Vitel Australia Pty Ltd Effervescent Tablet for Spray drift reduction and method of use.
CN201110063285 16-03-2011 29-07-2015 Chinese Name A Pesticide effervescent tablet and its preparation method. (Translated from Chinese)
CN201110349986 08-11-2011 16-05-2012 Chinese Name Forchlorfenuron effervescent granules/or effervescent tablets and preparation method thereof. (translated from Chinese)