FIELD OF INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to an electric power system of a modular
vehicle, and more particularly, to the electric power system being used for multiple configurations of the modular vehicle.
BACKGROUND
[0002] Generally, electric vehicles (EV s) such as electric motorcycles, electric
scooters, electric three-wheeled vehicles, electric four-wheeled vehicles, or hybrid vehicle operating in the electric mode, comprise a powertrain system such as an electric motor which serves as the source of power for the vehicle, a battery system having a plurality of batteries which provides power to drive the motor, and a control system which controls the operation of the motor.
[0003] In recent times, developments in these vehicles have been growing at a
rapid pace, there has been the development of modular electric vehicles, for example, a modular two-wheeled vehicle, or modular three-wheeled vehicle which may be transformed from a two-wheeled EV to a three-wheeled EV and vice versa according to need. For example, a vehicle may be required as a three-wheeled vehicle to pull many passengers in rush hours and may be required to be used as a two-wheeled vehicle to deliver packages, food materials, etc.
[0004] However, conventional electric power systems such as those utilized in
conventional EV's may not cater to the requirements put forth by these modular vehicles.
[0005] Therefore, there is a requirement for an electric power system that can
effectively be employed for multiple configurations of the modular vehicle and can be easily and quickly upgraded or downgraded according to the need.

SUMMARY
[0006] In one aspect of the present invention, an electric power system of a
modular vehicle is disclosed. The electric power system comprises; at least one battery pack disposed in the vehicle and at least one motor being connected to the at least one battery pack through a control unit, wherein the control unit is configured to detect the state of charge (SOC) level of the at least one battery pack and selectively allow the power supply to the at least one motor from the at least one battery pack. The electric power system provides support when the vehicle is different operational configurations as required in different requirements and operating conditions. The electric power system is configured to adapt itself in accordance with the operational configuration of the modular vehicle.
[0007] In an aspect, the first operational configuration is one of a two-wheeled
configuration, a three-wheeled configuration and a four-wheeled configuration, wherein the second operational configuration is one of a two-wheeled configuration, a three-wheeled configuration and a four-wheeled configuration. In an embodiment, the first operational configuration is a two-wheeled configuration and the second operational configuration is a three-wheeled configuration. Accordingly, the modular vehicle can be converted into a two-wheeled vehicle, a three-wheeled vehicle, or a four-wheeled vehicle.
[0008] In an aspect, the electric power system comprises a first battery pack
and a first motor in two-wheeled configuration and comprises the first battery pack, a secondary battery pack, a third battery pack, the first motor and a second motor in three-wheeled configuration.
[0009] In an aspect, the first motor is preferentially idle in three-wheeled
configuration.

[00010] In an aspect, a charging unit is operatively coupled with the at least one
battery pack through the control unit. The charging unit is configured to charge at least one battery pack. Further, the at least one battery pack comprises a plurality of batteries whereby charging and discharging cycles of the batteries in the battery pack are regulated by the control unit.
[00011] In an aspect, a first switch is operatively coupled with the at least one
motor and the at least one battery pack through the control unit and a second switch is operatively coupled with the at least one battery pack and the charging unit through the control unit.
[00012] In an aspect, the control unit, the first battery pack, and the charging
unit are disposed on a front body structure extending from a front end of the vehicle to a rider's seat of the vehicle along the longitudinal length; and the at least one motor is disposed on a first modular rear body structure extending from the rider's seat to a rear end of the vehicle in two- wheeled configuration.
[00013] In an aspect, the at least one motor is disposed on a front body structure
extending from a front end of the vehicle to a rider's seat of the vehicle along the longitudinal length.
[00014] In an aspect, the secondary battery pack and the third battery pack and
the at least one motor is disposed on a second modular rear body structure extending from the rider's seat to a rear end of the vehicle in three-wheeled configuration.
[00015] In an aspect, the control unit is configured to detect the state of charge
(SOC) level of the first battery pack, the secondary battery pack and the third battery pack and further configured to compare detected SOC levels of the at least one battery packs and allow the supply of power to at least one motor from the at least one battery packs, if difference in SOC levels of the at least one battery packs is within a predetermined limit.

[00016] In an aspect, the control unit is configured to compare the detected SOC
levels of the at least one battery packs and, allow supply of power to the at least one motor from the one or more battery pack having higher SOC level and disengage connection with the one or more battery pack with lower SOC level, if the difference in detected SOC levels of the at least one battery packs is more than the predetermined limit.
[00017] In another aspect of the present invention, an electric power system of
a vehicle is disclosed. The electric power system comprises; at least two battery packs disposed in the vehicle, wherein the at least two battery packs include a first battery pack and a second battery pack; at least one motor being connected to the at least one of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, through a control unit; wherein the control unit is configured to detect the state of charge (SOC) level of the second battery pack in three-wheeled configuration, and enables the power supply from the second battery pack, if the SOC level of the second battery pack is more than a threshold limit.
[00018] In another aspect, the control unit is configured to restrict the power
supply from the first battery pack, if the SOC level of the second battery pack is more than a threshold limit.
[00019] In another aspect, the at least one motor includes a first motor and a
second motor, the first motor is configured to operate the vehicle in two-wheeled configuration and at least one of the first motor and the second motor in three-wheeled configuration.
[00020] In an aspect, the first battery pack is configured to supply power to the
first motor in two-wheeled configuration and at least one of the first battery pack, the second battery pack to supply power to at least one of the first motor and the second motor in three-wheeled configuration.

[00021] The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in
any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent with reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[00022] The invention itself, together with further features and attended
advantages, will become apparent from consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. One or more embodiments of the present invention are now described, by way of example only wherein like reference numerals represent like elements and in which:
[00023] Figure 1 illustrates a view of an exemplary modular vehicle having a
front body structure and a plurality of modular rear body structures, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[00024] Figure 2 illustrates a view of an assembly of the front body structure
and the second modular rear body structure of Figure 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[00025] Figure 3 illustrates a schematic view of an electric power system of the
modular vehicle is in two-wheeled configuration, i.e. when the front body structure is coupled to the first modular rear body structure, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[00026] Figure 4 illustrates a schematic view of the electric power system of
Figure 3 having a charging unit, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[00027] Figure 5a illustrates a schematic view of the electric power system,
when the modular vehicle is in three-wheeled configuration, i.e. when the front body structure is coupled to the second modular rear body structure, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[00028] Figures 5b, 5c, and 5d illustrate schematic views of the electric power
system offering sequential discharge of the batteries shown in Figure 5a, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[00029] Figure 6 illustrates a schematic view of the electric power system of
Figure 5a having the charging unit, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[00030] Figure 7 illustrates a schematic view of the electric power system,
according to another embodiment of the present invention; and
[00031] Figure 8 illustrates a schematic view of the electric power system, in
according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
[00032] Skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the drawings are
illustrated for simplicity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the drawings may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help to improve understanding of embodiments of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[00033] While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and
alternative forms, an embodiment thereof has been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described here below. It should be understood, however that it

is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternative falling within the spirit and the scope of the invention.
[00034] The term "comprises", comprising, or any other variations thereof, are
intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a setup, structure or method that comprises a list of components or steps does not include only those components or steps but may include other components or steps not expressly listed or inherent to such setup or structure or method. In other words, one or more elements in a system or apparatus proceeded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other elements or additional elements in the system or apparatus.
[00035] For better understanding of this invention, reference would now be
made to the embodiment illustrated in the accompanying Figures and description here below, further, in the following Figures, the same reference numerals are used to identify the same components in various views.
[00036] While the present invention is illustrated in the context of a vehicle,
however, modular electric vehicle and aspects and features thereof can be used with other type of vehicles as well. The terms "vehicle", "three-wheeled vehicles", "electric vehicle", "EV", "scooter" and "motorcycle" have been interchangeably used throughout the description. The term "vehicle" comprises vehicles such as motorcycles, scooters, and the like.
[00037] The terms "front / forward", "rear / rearward / back / backward", "up /
upper / top", "down / lower / lower ward / downward, bottom", "left / leftward", "right / rightward" used therein represents the directions as seen from a vehicle driver sitting astride and these directions are referred by arrows Fr, Rr, U, Lr, L, R in the drawing Figures.

[00038] Referring to Figure 1, an exemplary modular vehicle (100) according to
an embodiment of the present invention is depicted. The modular vehicle (100) (hereinafter alternatively referred to as the vehicle (100)) is a vehicle which can be converted from a first vehicle to a second vehicle and vice-versa. The first vehicle may be a two-wheeled vehicle, a three-wheeled vehicle or a four-wheeled vehicle. The second vehicle may be a two-wheeled vehicle, a three-wheeled vehicle or a four-wheeled vehicle. In the illustrated example, the first vehicle embodies a two-wheeled vehicle and the second vehicle embodies a three-wheeled vehicle. Alternatively, the first vehicle may be a three-wheeled vehicle or a four-wheeled vehicle without limiting the scope of the invention. Alternatively, the second vehicle may be a two-wheeled vehicle, a four-wheeled vehicle without limiting the scope of the invention. The modular vehicle (100) referred to herein, embodies a step through type electric vehicle. Alternatively, the vehicle (100) may embody any other ridden vehicle such as electric motorcycle etc. without limiting the scope of the invention.
[00039] In the illustrated example, the two-wheeled electric scooter is converted
to a three-wheeled vehicle. Alternatively, the modular vehicle (100) may be a trike or a four-wheeled vehicle, which may be converted to a two-wheeled vehicle without limiting the scope of the invention.
[00040] Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the modular vehicle (100) comprises a
front body structure (105) and a plurality of modular rear body structures such as a first modular rear body structure (104) and a second modular rear body structure (104'). In the illustrated example, the front body structure (105) is removably coupled to the first modular rear body structure (104) to form a two-wheeled vehicle. The front body structure (105) is removably coupled to the second modular rear body structure (104') to form a three-wheeled vehicle.
[00041] The front body structure (105) extends from a front end (101) of the
vehicle to a rider's seat (112) of the vehicle along the longitudinal length. The front

body structure (105) comprises a first body frame (not shown), a steering mechanism (113), a leg shield (108), a front ground engaging member (110), a rider's seat (112), a dash assembly (116), a head lamp unit (118), a floor board (134), and a plurality of winkers (120). The steering mechanism (113) is pivotably supported on the first body frame. The steering mechanism (113) comprises a handlebar (114). The handlebar (114) is configured to be rotated by the rider to steer the vehicle (100). The steering mechanism (113) comprises a plurality of front forks (136) disposed at the front portion of the vehicle (100). The steering mechanism (113) is operatively coupled to the front ground engaging member (110) via the plurality of front forks (136).
[00042] In the illustrated example, the dash assembly (116) is provided on the
steering mechanism (113). The dash assembly (116) comprises a display unit (501) (shown in Figure 3). In the illustrated example, the display unit (501) is a graphical user interface (GUI). The GUI is configured to provide a user interface though which the rider of the vehicle (100) can monitor and customize the performance of the vehicle (100). The dash assembly (116) may comprise additional components such as, LCD, GPS, etc. without limiting the scope of the invention. In the illustrated example, the head lamp unit (114) is provided on the steering mechanism (113). Alternatively, the head lamp unit (114) may be provided on the leg shield (108), without limiting the scope of the invention. In the illustrated example, a first battery pack (101), is disposed on the front body structure (105) of the vehicle (100).
[00043] The leg shield (108) is disposed on the front portion of the vehicle (100).
The leg shield (108) encloses the steering mechanism (113). The leg shield (108) comprises an inner leg shield (109) and an outer leg shield (111). The leg shield (108) provides protection for the feet of the rider of the vehicle (100). In the illustrated example, the plurality of the winkers (120) are disposed on the leg shield (108). Alternatively, the plurality of the winkers (120) may be provided on the steering mechanism (113) of the vehicle (100), without any limitations. The floorboard (134)

is disposed between the leg shield (108) and the rider's seat (112). The floorboard (134) provides footrest for a rider riding the vehicle (100). In the illustrated example, the front body structure (105) comprises a first swing arm member (160).
[00044] Further, the front body structure (105) comprises first electronic
connections (not shown) and first hydraulic connections (not shown). The first electronic connections may embody a wire harness. The first hydraulic connections may embody fluid hoses. Further, the front body structure (105) may further comprise additional components such as mirrors, front fenders etc. without limiting the scope of the invention. Further, the front
[00045] Referring further to Figure 1, the modular vehicle (100) comprises the
first modular rear body structure (104). The first modular rear body structure (104) is detachably coupled to the front body structure (105). The first modular rear body structure (104) comprises a passenger's seat (170) and a second body frame (not shown). The second body frame is detachably coupled to the first body frame to form the two-wheeled vehicle. The passenger's seat (170) is disposed behind the rider's seat (112).
[00046] The first modular rear body structure (104) comprises a tail lamp (182),
a rear side cover (188), a second left side cover (190), and a second right side cover (not shown). The rear side cover (188) is disposed on rear portion of the vehicle (100) and covers hind area below the passenger's seat (170). In the illustrated example, the tail lamp (182) is disposed on the rear side cover (188). A plurality of turn signal indicators (183) are disposed on either side of the tail lamp (182). The second left side cover (190) and the second right side cover (not shown) are disposed on both sides of vehicle body and cover lower sides of the passenger's seat (170). The second left side cover (190) comprises a second left connecting portion (not shown). The second left connecting portion is detachably coupled to the first left connecting portion of the first left side cover (142). The second left side cover (190) and the first

left side cover (142) form a left side cover of the vehicle (100). The second right side cover comprises a second right connecting portion. The second right connecting portion is detachably coupled to the first right connecting portion of the first right side cover. The second right side cover and the first right side cover form the right-side cover of the vehicle (100).
[00047] The first modular rear body structure (104) comprises a second swing
arm member (not shown in figures), a rear ground engaging member (184), and at least one suspension member (186). In the illustrate example, the rear ground engaging member (184) is disposed below the passenger's seat (170) and the second body frame (not shown). In another example, at least portion of the rider's seat (112) overlaps at least portion of the rear ground engaging member (184) in the top view of the vehicle (100).
[00048] The rear ground engaging member (184) is rotatably supported on the
second swing arm member (176). The second swing arm member (176) is detachably coupled to the first swing arm member (160).
[00049] The first modular rear body structure (104) comprises second electronic
connections (not shown) and second hydraulic connections (not shown). The second electronic connections may embody a wire harness. The second hydraulic connections may embody fluid hoses. The first electronic connections and the second electronic connections are detachably coupled to one another. The first hydraulic connections and the second hydraulic connections are detachably coupled to one another.
[00050] Referring to Figures 1, and 2, the modular vehicle (100) comprises the
second modular rear body structure (104'). The second modular rear body structure (104') is detachably coupled to the front body structure (105) to form a three-wheeled vehicle. The second modular rear body structure (104') comprises a seat unit (170'),

a tail lamp (not shown), a rear side cover (not shown), a second left side cover (190'), a second right cover (not shown) and a second body frame (not shown). The rear side cover is disposed on rear portion of the modular vehicle (100) and covers hind area below the seat unit (170'). The second left side cover (190') and the second right side cover are disposed on both sides of second modular rear body structure (104') and cover lower sides of the seat unit (170'). The second left side cover (190') comprises a second left connecting portion (not shown). The second left connecting portion is detachably coupled to the first left connecting portion of the first left side cover (142). The second left side cover (190') and the first left side cover (142) form a left side cover of the modular vehicle (100). The second right side cover comprises a second right connecting portion. The second right connecting portion is detachably coupled to the first right connecting portion of the first right side cover. The second right side cover and the first right side cover form the right-side cover of the modular vehicle (100).
[00051] Further, the second modular rear body structure (104') comprises at
least one rear ground engaging member (184'), and at least one suspension member (not shown). In the illustrate example, the second modular rear body structure (104') comprises two rear ground engaging members (184'). The rear ground engaging members (184') are disposed below the seat unit (170') and the second body frame (171'). In another example, at least portion of the rider's seat (112) overlaps at least portion of the rear ground engaging members (184') in the top view of the modular vehicle (100).
[00052] The second modular rear body structure (104') comprises the at least
one suspension member (not shown). In the illustrated example, the second modular rear body structure (104') comprises two suspension members, one of which is operatively coupled between an axle of the one of the rear ground engaging member

and the second body frame (171') and another between an axle of another rear ground engaging member (184') and the second body frame (171').
[00053] The second body frame (171') is detachably coupled to the first body
frame. The second body frame (171') comprises a swing arm receiving portion (174'). The swing arm receiving portion (174') is disposed on front portion of the second body frame (171'). The swing arm receiving portion (174') is configured to receive and detachably couple the first swing arm member (160). In the illustrated example, the swing arm receiving portion (174') comprises a plurality of rolling members (176') and a latching mechanism (not shown). The plurality of rolling members (176') assists in gliding the first swing arm member (160) towards and away from the latching mechanism. The latching mechanism detachably locks the first swing arm member (160) in position with respect to the second body frame (171'). In the illustrated example, a second battery pack (102) and a third battery pack (103) are disposed on the second modular rear body structure (104') extending from the rider's seat (112) to a rear end of the vehicle
[00054] The second modular rear body structure (104') comprises third
electronic connections (not shown) and third hydraulic connections (not shown). The third electronic connections may embody a wire harness. The third hydraulic connections may embody fluid hoses. The first electronic connections and the third electronic connections are detachably coupled to one another. The first hydraulic connections and the third hydraulic connections are detachably coupled to one another. The second modular rear body structure (104') may comprise additional components such as rear grip, rear fender, license plate etc. without limiting the scope of the invention.
[00055] In the illustrated examples, figures 3 and 4, illustrates an electric power
system (130) of the vehicle (100), when the modular vehicle (100) is in two-wheeled configuration, i.e. when the front body structure (105) is coupled to the first modular

rear body structure (104). The electric power system (130) comprises the first battery pack (101), a control unit (301) and a first motor (201) wherein the first motor (201) is being connected to the first battery pack (101) through the control unit (301). The first battery pack (101), the control unit (301), and the first motor (201) are in electrical and electronic communication with one another via a communication channel (801). The communication channel (801) provides vital information to the control unit (301) for operations.
[00056] The electric power system (130) comprises a charging unit (401) which
is operatively coupled with the first battery pack (101) through the control unit (301). In the illustrated example, the charging unit (401) is configured to be coupled to a battery charging station (not shown) to charge the first battery pack (101).
[00057] The electric power system (130) comprises a first switch (601) and a
second switch (602). The first switch (601) is configured to connect and disconnect the first motor (201) with the first battery pack (101). The second switch (602) is configured to connect and disconnect the charging unit (401) to the first battery pack (101).
[00058] In the illustrated example, as shown in figures 1 and 3, the first battery
pack (101), the control unit (301) and the charging unit (401) of the electric power system (130) are disposed on the front body structure (105) of the vehicle.
[00059] In another example, the first battery pack (101), the control unit (301)
and the charging unit (401), the first motor (201) of the electric power system (130) are disposed on the front body structure (105) of the vehicle (100). Alternatively, the first motor (201) may be disposed on the first modular rear body structure (104) without limiting the scope of the invention. Additional components such as additional batteries and additional motors may be disposed on the front body structure (105) or

the first modular rear body structure (104), without limiting the scope of the invention.
[00060] The control unit (301) is configured to control various operations of the
vehicle (100). The control unit (301) is configured to take input from all the system components about the vehicle operating condition. The control unit (301) further is in communication with the display unit (501), thereby communicating the vehicle operating condition to the display unit (501) and displaying the information for the rider.
[00061] The first motor (201) is configured to receive necessary power from the
first battery pack (101) and provide the necessary drive force required to operate the vehicle (100). The electric power system (130) may comprises additional motors, without limiting the scope of the invention.
[00062] The electric power system (130) may comprise additional battery packs,
without limiting the scope of the invention. The electric power system (130) may comprise a battery management system (BMS) (not shown) associated with the first battery pack (101). The battery management system is configured to manage the charging and the discharging cycles of the batteries within the first battery pack (101). The BMS communicates with the vehicle control unit (301) to report on the battery's state of charge (SOC) and to alert of any hazardous operating conditions. The first battery pack (101) may comprises one or more than one battery, without limiting the scope of the invention.
[00063] Referring further to Figure 3, during discharge operation of the modular
vehicle (100) in two-wheeled configuration. The number of motors coupled to the electric power system (130) is detected by the control unit (301). As in this case only one motor is present, the control unit (301) identifies the first motor (201) via the communication channel (801). The control unit (301) directs the switch (601) in

connected mode and commands first battery pack (101) to fulfil the power requirement of first motor (201) in an optimized manner.
[00064] During charging operation of the first battery pack (101), as shown in
Figure 4, when the charging unit (401) is coupled to the battery charging station, the control unit (301) identifies it via the communication channel (801) and commands the first switch (601) to disconnect the first motor (201). The control unit (301) then commands the second switch (602) to connect the charging unit (401) to the first battery pack (101) via the BMS of the first battery pack (101). Depending upon the SOC levels of the first battery pack (101), charging power is provided by the charging unit (401). All the current distribution is decided by the control unit (301) from the various inputs such as SOC level, SOH, voltage temperature, etc... received from the BMS via the communication channel (801).
[00065] In another operation configuration i.e. when the modular vehicle (100)
is required to be converted from two-wheeled mode to three-wheeled mode, the first modular rear body structure (104) is detached the front body structure (105). The second body frame is detached from the first body frame. The second swing arm member (176) is detached from the first swing arm member (160). The first left side cover (142) is detached from the second left side cover (190). The first right side cover (not shown) is detached from the second right side cover. Electronic connections and hydraulic connections between various components of the first modular rear body (104) and the front body assembly (105) are detached.
[00066] Thereafter, the first modular rear body structure (104) is replaced with
the second modular rear body structure (104'). The second modular rear body structure (104') is attached to the front body structure (105). The second body frame is attached to the first body frame. The swing arm receiving portion (174') receives the first swing arm member (160). More particularly, the latching mechanism latches on to the first swing arm member (160). The first left side cover (142) is attached to

the second left side cover (190'). The first right side cover is attached to the second right side cover. Electronic connections and hydraulic connections between various components of the second modular rear body structure (104') and the front body structure (105) are attached.
[00067] In the illustrated example, figures 5a, 5b, 5c and 6, illustrate the electric
power system (130) when the modular vehicle (100) is in three-wheeled configuration, i.e. when the front body structure (105) is coupled to the second modular rear body structure (104'). The electric power system (130) comprises the second battery pack (102), the third battery pack (103), the first battery pack (101), the vehicle control unit (301), and a second motor (202).
[00068] As shown in figures 5-7, the first battery pack (101), the second battery
pack (102), the third battery pack (103), the first motor (201) and the second motor (202) are in connection through the control unit (301). In the illustrated example, the first battery pack (101), the second battery pack (102), the third battery pack (103), the control unit (301) and the second motor (202) are in electrical and electronic communication with one another via the communication channel (801). The first motor (201) and the second motor (202) are operatively coupled to provide the necessary drive requirements of the vehicle (100).
[00069] In the illustrated example, as shown in figures 1 and 5-7, the second
battery pack (102), the third battery pack (103) and the second motor (202) are disposed on the second modular rear body structure (104') extending from the rider's seat (112) to a rear end of the vehicle in three- wheeled configuration.
[00070] In the illustrated example, the first switch (601) is configured to connect
and disconnect the second motor (202) with the first battery pack (101), the second battery pack (102), and the third battery pack (103). The second switch (602) is

configured to connect and disconnect the charging unit (401) to the first battery pack (101), the second battery pack (102), and the third battery pack (103).
[00071] The second battery pack (102), the third battery pack (103) and the
second motor (202) disposed within the second modular rear body structure (104') are electrically and electronically coupled to the first battery pack (101). More particularly, the second battery pack (102), the third battery pack (103) are electronically and electrically coupled with the first battery pack (101).
[00072] In the illustrated example, the electric power system (130) comprises a
plurality of battery management systems (BMS) (not shown) associated with each of battery packs (101, 102, 103). Each of the battery management system is configured to manage the charging and the discharging cycles of each of the first battery pack (101), the second battery pack (102) and the third battery pack (103). The plurality of the BMSs are in communication with the control unit (301) to report on each of the battery's state of charge and to alert of any hazardous operating conditions.
[00073] In the illustrated example, as shown in figure 6, the control unit (301) is
operationally coupled with the charging unit (401). The charging unit (401) is configured to be coupled to a battery charging station (not shown) to charge the batteries such as the first battery pack (101), the second battery pack (102), and the third battery pack (103).
[00074] In the illustrated example, the first (201) and second motor (202) is
configured to receive necessary power from the first battery pack (101), the second battery pack (102), and the third battery pack (103), and provide the necessary drive force required to operate the vehicle (100). In the illustrated example, the first motor (201) is preferentially idle in three-wheeled configuration.
[00075] Referring further to Figures 5 -7, during discharge operation of the
modular vehicle (100) in three-wheeled configuration. The number of motors

coupled to the electric power system (130) are detected by the control unit (301). The control unit identified at least one motor (201, 202) via the communication channel (801). The control unit (301) directs the switch (601) in connected mode and commands the first battery pack (101), the second battery pack (102), and the third battery pack (103) to fulfil the power requirement of the at least one motor (201, 202) in an optimized manner. In the illustrated example, the control unit (301) is configured to allow preferentially supply of power from the secondary battery pack
(102) and the third battery pack (103) in three-wheeled configuration over the first
battery pack (101).
[00076] In the illustrated example, in three-wheeled configuration of the vehicle
(100), as shown in Figure 5a, the first preferred mode of operation is parallel discharge mode of the second battery pack (102) and the third battery pack (103) over the first batter pack (101). The control unit (301) receives the SOC level of the second battery pack (102) and the third battery pack (103). If the SOC level is same or the difference is under the predetermined limit then the control unit (301) is configured to commands the BMS to allow the supply of power to second motor (202).
[00077] In the illustrated example, in three-wheeled configuration of the vehicle
(100), as shown in Figure 5b and 5c, the sequential discharge mode of operation in a three wheeler mode of discharge operation is depicted. As the control unit (301) receives the SOC level of the second battery pack (102) and the third battery pack
(103) and if there is a difference in the SOC levels is more than the predetermined
limits, then the system goes in the sequential discharge mode of operations. The
control unit (301) commands the BMS of the battery pack having higher SOC level
to allow the supply of power and commands BMS of the battery pack having lower
SOC level to disconnect. In Figure 5b, the second battery pack (102) having the
higher SOC provides power to the motor (202) and in Figure 5c, the third battery
pack (103) having the higher SOC level provides power to the second motor (202).

[00078] This mode of sequential discharge goes on until the SOC level of the
second battery pack (102) and the third battery pack (103) becomes same or within prescribed limit. Once the level of SOC is in equilibrium, the control unit (301) again commands the second battery pack (102) and the third battery pack (103) to be back in parallel discharge mode.
[00079] Referring to Figure 5d, when the second battery pack (102) and the third
battery pack (103) depleted their power till the allowed SOC level, the control unit (301) commands the BMS of the first battery pack (101) to allow the supply of power to the second motor (202) in the sequential discharge mode. All the battery switching takes places in very small time periods, i.e. milliseconds, irrespective of whether the vehicle is in operation mode or standstill.
[00080] During charging operation as shown in Figure 6, when the charging unit
(401) is coupled to the battery charging station, the control unit (301) identifies it via the communication channel (801) and commands the first switch (601) to disconnect the second motor (202). The control unit (301) then commands the second switch (602) to connect the charging unit (401) to each of the first battery pack (101), the second battery pack (102) and the third battery pack (103). Depending upon the SOC levels of the first battery pack (101), the second battery pack (102) and the third battery pack (103), charging power is provided by the charging unit (401). All the current distribution is decided by the control unit (301) from the various inputs such as SOC level, Temperature, etc... received from the BMS via the communication channel (801).
[00081] In the illustrated example, in three-wheeled configuration of the vehicle
(100), as shown in Figure 8, the preferred mode of operation is sequential discharge mode of the second battery pack (102) and the first battery pack (101). The control unit (301) receives the SOC level of the second battery pack (102). If the SOC level is same or the more than a threshold limit then the control unit (301) enables the

power supply from the second battery pack (102) to any of the first motor (201) and the second motor (202). Also, the same time the control unit (301) restricts the power supply from the first battery pack (101).
[00082] In the illustrated example, when the second battery pack (102) depletes
its charge till the allowed SOC level, the control unit (301) commands the BMS of the first battery pack (101) to allow the supply of power to any of the first motor (201) and the second motor (202) in the sequential discharge mode.
[00083] In the illustrated example, the control unit (301) may perform special
operation conditions for optimized performance as per the user. Inputs from the rider is communicated to the control unit (301) via the display unit (501) in terms of LOAD/ECO/SPORT's mode for discharging operations and the control unit (301) alters the first motors' (201) and the second motor's (202) performance and current requirements from the battery packs (101,102,103) accordingly. At any point of operation, the rider may receive the vehicles operating parameters such as speed, SOC level of the batteries, etc... from the display unit (501).
[00084] In the illustrated example in charging mode, the control unit (301) may
identify the type of the charging unit (401) such as supercharger, or type 2, etc... via the communication channel (801) and commands the current distribution accordingly, working in conjunction with the BMS of each of the first battery pack (101), the second battery pack (102), and the third battery pack (103).
[00085] In the illustrated example, the electric power system (130) may
comprise safety sensors which work in conjunction with various other vehicle systems to provide a safe mode of operations. The electric power systems (130) may comprise a diagnostics mode, and in case of any malfunction or abrupt function of any system it will be displayed to the rider via the display unit (501).

[00086] While few embodiments of the present invention have been described
above, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments and modifications may be appropriately made thereto within the spirit and scope of the invention.
[00087] While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the particular
features of this invention, it will be appreciated that various modifications can be made, and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiments without departing from the principles of the invention. These and other modifications in the nature of the invention or the preferred embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the invention and not as a limitation.

We Claim:
1. An electric power system (130) of a vehicle (100) configured to operate in any
one of a two-wheeled configuration or a three-wheeled configuration, wherein
the electric power system (130) comprises:
at least one battery pack (101, 102, 103) disposed in the vehicle (100);
at least one motor (201, 202) being connected to the at least one battery pack (101, 102, 103) through a control unit (301);
wherein the control unit (301) is configured to
detect the state of charge (SOC) level of the at least one battery pack (101, 102, 103), and
selectively allow the power supply to the at least one motor (201, 202) from the at least one battery pack (101, 102, 103).
2. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric power system (130) comprises a first battery pack (101) and a first motor (201) in the two-wheeled configuration.
3. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle (100) as claimed in claims 1 and 2, wherein the electric power system (130) comprises the first battery pack (101) at least one of a secondary battery pack (102) or a third battery pack (103), the first motor (201) and a second motor (202) in the three-wheeled configuration.
4. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first motor (201) is preferentially idle in the three-wheeled configuration.

5. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, comprises a first switch (601) operatively coupled with the at least one motor (201, 202) and the at least one battery pack (101, 102, 103), and a second switch (602) operatively coupled with the at least one battery pack (101, 102, 103) and a charging unit (401), wherein the control unit (301) is configured to regulate the operation of the first switch (601) and the second switch (602).
6. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle (100) as claimed in claims 1 to 5, wherein the control unit (301), the first battery pack (101), and the charging unit (401) are disposed on a front body structure (105) extending from a front end (101) of the vehicle to a rider's seat (112) of the vehicle (100) along the longitudinal length; and
the at least one motor (201) is disposed on a first modular rear body structure (104) extending from the rider's seat (112) to a rear end of the vehicle in the two- wheeled configuration.
7. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle (100) as claimed in claims 1 to 5, wherein the at least one motor (201) is disposed on a front body structure (105) extending from a front end (101) of the vehicle to a rider's seat (112) of the vehicle (100) along the longitudinal length.
8. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle (100) as claimed in claims 1 and 3, wherein the secondary battery pack (102) and the third battery pack (103) and the at least one motor (202) is disposed on a second modular rear body structure (104') extending from the rider's seat (112) to a rear end of the vehicle (100) in the three-wheeled configuration.
9. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle (100) as claimed in claims 1 to 3, wherein the control unit (301) is configured to detect the state of charge

(SOC) level of the first battery pack (101), the secondary battery pack (102) and the third battery pack (103).
10. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle (100) as claimed in claims 1 to
3, wherein the control unit (301) is configured to
compare detected SOC levels of the at least two battery packs (101,102, 103)and
allow the supply of power to at least one motor (201, 202) from the at least one battery packs (101, 102, 103), if difference in SOC levels of the at least one battery packs (101, 102, 103) is within a predetermined limit.
11. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle (100) as claimed in claims 1 to
3, wherein the control unit (301) is configured to
compare the detected SOC levels of the at least two battery packs (101, 102, 103) and,
allow supply of power to the at least one motor (201, 202) from the one or more battery pack (101, 102, 103) having higher SOC level and disengage connection with the one or more battery pack (101, 102, 103) with lower SOC level, if the difference in detected SOC levels of the at least one battery packs (101, 102, 103) is more than the predetermined limit.
12. An electric power system (130) of a vehicle (100) configured to operate in any
one of a two-wheeled configuration or a three-wheeled configuration, wherein
the electric power system (130) comprises:
at least two battery packs (101, 102) disposed in the vehicle (100), wherein the at least two battery packs include a first battery pack (101) and a second battery pack (102);

at least one motor (201, 202) being connected to the at least one of the first battery pack (101) and the second battery pack (102), through a control unit (301);
wherein the control unit (301) is configured to
detect the state of charge (SOC) level of the second battery pack (102) in the three-wheeled configuration, and enable the power supply from the second battery pack (102), if the SOC level of the second battery pack (102) is more than a threshold limit.
13. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle as claimed in claim 12, wherein the control unit (301) is configured to restrict the power supply from the first battery pack (101), if the SOC level of the second battery pack (102) is more than the threshold limit.
14. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle as claimed in claim 12, wherein the at least one motor includes a first motor (201) and a second motor (202),
the first motor (201) is configured to operate the vehicle in two-wheeled configuration and at least one of the first motor (201) and the second motor (202) in three-wheeled configuration.
15. The electric power system (130) of the vehicle as claimed in claim 12, wherein
the first battery pack (101) is configured to supply power to the first motor (201)
in the two-wheeled configuration and at least one of the first battery pack (101),
the second battery pack (102) to supply power to at least one of the first motor
(201) and the second motor (202) in the three-wheeled configuration.