Electrolyte For Lithium Secondary Battery And Lithium Secondary Battery Comprising Same
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same and, more particularly, to an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery comprising a lithium salt, an organic solvent, and an oligomer represented by formula 1 disclosed in the present specification, and a lithium secondary battery comprising the same, wherein the electrolyte suppresses reactivity with lithium metal to improve overall performance.
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Notices, Deadlines & Correspondence
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
2. AHN, Kyoung Ho
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
3. LEE, Chul Haeng
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
4. LEE, Jung Hoon
LG Chem Research Park, 188, Munji-ro,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34122
Specification
Art
[1]
Mutual citations and related application (s)
[2]
This application is dated 08 December 2016. Profit of priority based on the Korea Patent Application No. 10-2016-0166991 and No. 10-2016-0166992 and 08 December 2017 Date of Korea Patent Application No. 10-2017-0168433 It claims, and all contents described in the literature of the Korea patent application is included as part of this specification.
[3]
[4]
Art
[5]
The present invention relates to a lithium secondary battery of high temperature durability of the electrolyte including the same and a lithium secondary battery improved.
BACKGROUND
[6]
As recent mobile phones, camcorders and notebook PC, technology development and further increase the demand for electric vehicles, and increasing interest in energy storage technology.
[7]
In particular, among the energy storage art it has a high energy density and voltage, there is emerging interest in a lithium secondary battery that can be charged and discharged.
[8]
The lithium secondary battery is generally composed of an anode and a cathode, and the electrolyte of the lithium ion transfer medium comprising an electrode active material capable of insertion / release of lithium ion.
[9]
The electrolyte is a liquid electrolyte or gel polymer electrolyte further comprises a matrix polymer to the liquid electrolyte that comprises a salt is dissolved in a non-aqueous organic solvent is applied to electrolysis.
[10]
On the other hand, at the time of charging and discharging of the lithium secondary battery or the electrolyte is decomposed, or by a side reaction between the electrode and electrolyte can cause the gas inside the rechargeable battery, this gas generation is further increased to a high temperature during storage.
[11]
The gas continuously generated in this manner is to cause a pressure increase of the battery as well as result in cell transformation, such as expanding the thickness of the battery, the adhesion in the electrode surface cell dalrajyeoseo local electrode reaction does not occur in the same manner in terms of the electrode who can cause problems.
[12]
Therefore, in order to improve high output characteristics and improving stability of the lithium secondary battery, such as overcharge and high-temperature storage when the gas generating reaction is suppressed, and heat there is a need to develop for a lithium secondary battery improved in stability.
[13]
Prior Art Document
[14]
Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2013-0058403 No.
[15]
Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2009-0015859 No.
Detailed Description of the Invention
SUMMARY
[16]
The present invention has been made in view of solving the above problems,
[17]
The first object of the present invention is the oxidation inhibition during high temperature storage, and excessive charging and an object thereof is to provide improved high temperature durability for a lithium secondary battery electrolyte.
[18]
A second object of the present invention has as its object to provide a lithium secondary battery improved in the stability during high-temperature storage, and excessive charging by including the lithium secondary battery electrolyte.
Problem solving means
[19]
In order to solve the above problems, in the embodiment of the present invention
[20]
A lithium salt;
[21]
An organic solvent; And
[22]
To provide a lithium secondary battery electrolyte comprising an oligomer represented by the general formula (1).
[23]
Formula 1
[24]
[25]
In the formula 1,
[26]
R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or aromatic hydrocarbon group,
[27]
R 1 to R 3 and are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C2 alkylene group of from 1 to 5 ring by fluorine,
[28]
R 4 is an alkylene group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
[29]
R 'is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms,
[30]
a is 1 to 3;
[31]
And n is the number of repeating units,
[32]
and n is any integer of 1 to 75.
[33]
[34]
At this time, in the oligomer of the formula (1),
[35]
The aliphatic hydrocarbon group is a cycloalkyl group of the substituted or unsubstituted 4 to 20 carbon atoms; Isocyanate group-cycloalkyl group of the substituted or unsubstituted 4 to 20 carbon atoms containing a (NCO); Substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms in the ring; And a substituted or unsubstituted C2 to heterocycloalkyl or more of at least one selected from the group consisting of alkylene groups of 20 alicyclic hydrocarbon group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; Isocyanate group-containing substituted (NCO) or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; Xylene alkoxyl group of substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20; Substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene group of 2 to 20 carbon atoms; And a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon groups selected from linear alkynylene group consisting of a ring having 2 to 20 carbon atoms,
[36]
The aromatic hydrocarbon group is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; Or a heteroarylene date of the substituted or unsubstituted 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
[37]
[38]
Specifically, an oligomer of the formula (1) is to be an oligomer represented by Formula 1a.
[39]
[Chemical Formula 1a]
[40]
[41]
In Formula 1a,
[42]
R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or aromatic hydrocarbon group,
[43]
R 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 5 ring by fluorine,
[44]
n1 is a number of repeating units and,
[45]
n1 is any integer of 1 to 75.
[46]
[47]
More specifically, the oligomer represented by the formula (1a) may be an oligomer represented by the formula 1a-1 to.
[48]
[Chemical Formula 1a-1]
[49]
[50]
In the formula 1a-1,
[51]
n2 is the number of repeating units,
[52]
n2 is any integer of 20 to 75.
[53]
[54]
Oligomers of the formula (1) is 0.5% to 20% by weight based on the weight of the total weight of the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery, it may be included in particular 0.5% by weight to 15% by weight.
[55]
[56]
At this time, if it contains an oligomer of the formula (1), wherein the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery may be a liquid electrolyte.
[57]
In the case of a polymer of the oligomer derived from the formula (1), wherein the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery may be a gel polymer electrolyte.
[58]
Polymers derived from oligomers of the formula (1) may be an oligomer polymerized by a matrix formed from a three-dimensional structure of the polymer represented by Formula 1 under a polymerization initiator present.
[59]
[60]
The gel polymer electrolyte may further include inorganic particles.
[61]
These inorganic particles are BaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 , Pb (Zr x Ti 1-x ) O 3 (0≤x≤1) (PZT), Pb 1 -b La b Zr 1-c Ti c O 3 (PLZT, wherein , 0
[303]
Linear scan voltammetry (Linear sweep voltammetry) for the, to using a two-pole cell in the experimental conditions shown in Table 3, the oxidation stability of the liquid electrolyte of Example 5 gel polymer electrolyte as in Comparative Example 1 at 60 ℃ using an experiment was carried out. It was in progress. The results are shown in Fig.
[304]
TABLE 3
The working electrode Denka Black + binder (KF7208, Zeon Co., Ltd.) = 95%: 5%
A counter electrode Li metal
The reference electrode Li metal
Voltage Range OV ~ 6V
Scan rate 5mV/S, 60
Remarks Coin half cell
[305]
[306]
In the case of a liquid electrolyte of Comparative Example 1 as shown in Figure 3, it can be seen that the oxidation occurs greatly changes from 4.4V region. Gel polymer electrolytes of the other hand, in Example 5 it can be seen that it does not receive the change in the oxidation zone than 5V.
[307]
That is, this embodiment results including the polymer derived from the oligomers represented by the formula (1) from the gel polymer electrolyte of Example 5, it can be seen that a very excellent stability with respect to oxidation in the high voltage area than 4.4V.
[308]
[309]
[310]
By using a cyclic voltammetry (Cyclic voltammetry), to using a three-electrode cell in the experiment conditions shown in Table 4, and subjected to reduced stability testing for the liquid electrolyte of Example 6 gel polymer electrolyte as in Comparative Example 2 in the low-voltage region It was. The results are shown in Fig.
[311]
TABLE 4
The working electrode Graphite (trade name: AGM1 100)
A counter electrode Li metal
The reference electrode Li metal
Voltage Range OV ~ 3V
Scan rate 1mV/S
[312]
[313]
4, generated as the oligomer is reduced over the case of the gel polymer electrolyte of Example 6 which contains the derived polymer from the oligomer represented by formula (1), as in the liquid electrolytes of Comparative Example 2 was not added to the oligomer graph current is increased it can be seen that a peak does not appear.
[314]
From these results, even if it contains a polymer derived from the oligomers represented by the formula (1), the gel polymer electrolyte of Example 6 can be confirmed that the reduction stability is not lowered.
[315]
[316]
Experimental Example 5: Evaluation room temperature
[317]
Example charging a lithium secondary battery having a gel polymer electrolyte prepared in comparison with a lithium secondary battery having a gel polymer electrolyte prepared in Example 3 at 25 ℃ each 5 until 4.2V by 0.5C constant current, and since was charged at a constant voltage of 4.2V was terminate charging if the charge current is 0.275 mA. It was then discharged until the 10 minutes and then room substituted 3.0V by 0.5C constant current. Subjected to the 700 charge-discharge cycles and then exhibited a battery capacity in Figure 5 was measured.
[318]
Also, the lithium secondary battery of the embodiment 5 as shown in Figure 5 was 700 cycles the change in capacity retention even after proceeding with almost no, showed a capacity retention even 700 times more than 93% second cycle.
[319]
On the other hand, the lithium secondary battery of Comparative Example 3 by a show a similar capacity retention to the initial up to 200 cycles a secondary battery of the embodiment 5 of the invention significantly reduced from about 250 cycles, less than about 88% in 700 cycles suddenly it showed that the decrease.
[320]
Thus, as noted in FIG. 5, the lithium secondary battery of the embodiment 5 of the present invention can be seen that the cycle life characteristics at room temperature as compared to the lithium secondary battery of Comparative Example 3 improved.
[321]
[322]
Test Example 6: Low Temperature Performance Evaluation
[323]
Examples were evaluated by the low temperature performance of the lithium secondary battery having a gel polymer electrolyte prepared in comparison with a lithium secondary battery having a gel polymer electrolyte prepared in Example 3, 5, and the results are shown in Fig.
[324]
Specifically, Example 5 and compared in order to assess the low temperature performance of the lithium secondary battery of Example 3, Example 5 and Comparative Place the SOC 50% of the lithium secondary battery in each of 0.5C rate of Example 3, approximately 3.65V, after the initial charge to the CC-CV (Constant current-Constant voltage) to 400㎃h current density was measured for resistance at a low temperature by a voltage drop which is obtained by discharging for 30 seconds with power 4W at -10 ℃.
[325]
6, the lithium secondary battery of Example 5 having a gel polymer electrolyte comprising an oligomer of the invention can be seen that the degree of the voltage drop relatively small as compared with the lithium secondary battery of Comparative Example 3.
[326]
Therefore, the lithium secondary battery of Example 5 having a gel polymer electrolyte comprising an oligomer of the invention can be seen that the low-temperature characteristics of the secondary batteries prepared in Comparative Example 3 increased.
[327]
[328]
Example 7: Thermal stability evaluation
[329]
Example 5 disassembled in a lithium secondary battery having a gel polymer electrolyte prepared in comparison with a lithium secondary battery having a gel polymer electrolyte prepared in Example 3 respectively 4.2V full charge and then a differential scanning calorimeter a cathode (DSC was measured by differential scanning calorimeter). The measurement conditions was measured at intervals of 10 ℃ / min to 25 ℃ to 400 ℃. The results are shown in Fig.
[330]
In general, the initial charge film is formed the cathode (solid polymer electrolyte) in the SEI, the film does not decompose at high temperatures, a side reaction of the negative electrode and the electrolyte is prevented thereby improving the reliability of the battery.
[331]
In the case of Example 5 of the secondary battery, as shown in 7, SEI film, decomposition of the secondary battery, while the temperature is from 255 ℃ 90J / g, Comparative Example 3 showed 90J / g at 190 ℃.
[332]
That is, the secondary battery of Example 5 using the gel polymer electrolyte containing an oligomer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention can be seen that the SEI film at the decomposition temperature of the cathode appears at least about 60 ℃ higher than that of Comparative Example 1. Thus, the lithium secondary battery of the embodiment 5 of the present invention can determine the stability of enthusiasm more excellent compared to the lithium secondary battery of Comparative Example 3.
Claims
[Claim 1]
A lithium salt; An organic solvent; And to the electrolyte of a lithium secondary battery comprises an oligomer represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 In Formula 1, R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or aromatic hydrocarbon group, R 1 to R 3 are substituted with fluorine, each independently or an unsubstituted carbon atoms of from 1 to 5 alkylene ring, R 4 is an alkylene group having 1 to 4, R 'is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3, a is 1 to 3, n is a number of repeating units and, n is any integer of 1 to 75.
[Claim 2]
The method according to claim 1, in the oligomer of the formula (1), the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is a cycloalkyl group of the substituted or unsubstituted 4 to 20 carbon atoms; Isocyanate group-cycloalkyl group of the substituted or unsubstituted 4 to 20 carbon atoms containing a (NCO); Substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms in the ring; And a substituted or unsubstituted C2 to heterocycloalkyl or more of at least one selected from the group consisting of alkylene groups of 20 alicyclic hydrocarbon group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; Isocyanate group-containing substituted (NCO) or unsubstituted alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; Xylene alkoxyl group of substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20; Substituted or unsubstituted alkenylene group of 2 to 20 carbon atoms; And a substituted or unsubstituted carbon atoms, a linear hydrocarbon group selected from 2 to 20 alkynylene group group consisting of the aromatic hydrocarbon group is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; Or a substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, a lithium secondary battery electrolyte would alkylene group of 2 to 20 carbon atoms.
[Claim 3]
The method according to claim 1, wherein the formula is an oligomer represented by 1, the lithium secondary battery, the electrolyte will be an oligomer represented by the formula 1a: [Chemical Formula 1a] in the formula 1a, R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or aromatic hydrocarbon group, R 1 is a substituted or unsubstituted C2 alkylene group of from 1 to 5 ring by fluorine, n1 is the number of repeating units, n1 is any integer of 1 to 75.
[Claim 4]
The method according to claim 3, wherein the formula oligomer represented by 1a is for a lithium secondary battery electrolyte to the oligomer represented by the formula 1a-1: [Chemical Formula 1a-1] in the formula 1a-1, and n2 is a number of repeating units, n2 is any integer of 20 to 75.
[Claim 5]
The method according to claim 1, the lithium secondary battery, the electrolyte will oligomer of the formula (1) is contained as 0.5% to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the lithium secondary battery electrolyte.
[Claim 6]
The method according to claim 1, the lithium secondary battery, the electrolyte will oligomer of the formula (1) is contained as 0.5% to 15% by weight based on the total weight of the lithium secondary battery electrolyte.
[Claim 7]
The method according to claim 1, if it contains an oligomer of the formula (1), the lithium secondary battery, the electrolyte is an electrolyte of a lithium secondary battery that is a liquid electrolyte.
[Claim 8]
The method according to claim 1, in the case of a polymer of the oligomer derived from the formula (1), the lithium secondary battery, the electrolyte is an electrolyte of a lithium secondary battery to a gel polymer electrolyte.
[Claim 9]
The method according to claim 8, the lithium secondary battery, the electrolyte polymer of the oligomer derived from the polymerization to the oligomer by a matrix polymer formed from a three-dimensional structure represented by formula (I) under the polymerization initiator present of the formula (1).
[Claim 10]
The method according to claim 8, the lithium secondary battery, the electrolyte comprising the gel polymer electrolyte is added to the inorganic particles.
[Claim 11]
The method according to claim 10, wherein the inorganic particles is BaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 , Pb (Zr x Ti 1-x ) O 3 (0≤x≤1) (PZT), Pb 1 -b La b Zr 1-c Ti c O 3 (PLZT, where, 0
Documents
Application Documents
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Name
Date
1
201817048354.pdf
2018-12-20
2
201817048354-TRANSLATIOIN OF PRIOIRTY DOCUMENTS ETC. [20-12-2018(online)].pdf
2018-12-20
3
201817048354-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [20-12-2018(online)].pdf