FORM 2
THE PATENT ACT 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
The Patents Rules, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
1. TITLE OF THE INVENTION
ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER
2. APPLICANT (S)
(a) NAME: Milkotech Equipments Pvt. Ltd.
(b) NATIONALITY: an Indian Company
(c) ADDRESS: A-101, Satyamev II,
Opp. Kargil Petrol Pump, Nr. Sola Overbridge, S. G. Highway, Ahmedabad - 380058 Gujarat, India.
3. PREMABLE TO THE DESCRIPTION
COMPLETE
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER
This invention relates to the method and apparatus to analyze the milk properties i.e. FAT, SNF (Solid Non Fat), Protein , Added Water, Freedging Point etc..
The dairy Industry in India especially in Gujarat has progressed very rapidly. Today, India can boast of being the second largest milk producer in the world with the white revolution. As the dairy industry progresses, the main trust is towards producing larger and larger quantity of milk. Prompt payment of fair and correct price of milk to the farmers (milk producers) encourages them to increase production of superior quality milk , free from adulteration. The method of payment for the milk is related to both the quantity and quality of milk. It is easy to measure the quantity or weight of milk but quality of milk depends on many constituents of milk.
Milk is a colloidal aqueous suspension consisting of many components, several of which include carbohydrates (sugars), lipids (fats), proteins, and phosphate. The percentage of each of these components will depend upon the source of the milk (e.g., cow, buffalo,goat, etc.) as well as the methods used to process the milk. The fat contents being the main constituent, to measure the fat content of milk, age old traditional testing method by chemical was available but it has some inherent drawback such as human errors multi step checking, handling of corrosive chemicals and different types of glassware. This method of fat measuring was not only time consuming but also inaccurate and costly.

In addition when many more samples are to be tested in limited time it requires more automation and higher speed without compromising of accuracy thereof.
To overcome the problems faced with the use of traditional method, the necessity to evolve more quickly, more accurate and dependable method was felt. Therefore, the ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER was developed which can measure the Milk Fat, SNF content and other properties instantaneously in a digital read out. The present invention does not involve the use of corrosive chemicals and works on Ultrasonic Waves Theory.
The present invention is described with greater specific and clarity with
reference to following drawings:
Fig. l represents the lay out of machine
Fig. 2 represents the block diagram of the circuit
Fig. 3 represents the flow chart of operation method
Fig. 4 represents the flow chart for different milk samples
Fig. 5 represents the motor view assembly
Fig. 6 represents the motor view assembly with dual flexible bellows
Fig. 7 represents the view of ultrasonic transmitters
To initiate the process of testing milk about 20ml of milk sample (23) is taken into a sample bottle (1). The sample bottle (1) is placed on the sample bottle holder premises (22) in such a way that the lower end (24) of pipette is dipped in the sample milk (23) & still does not touch the bottom of the sample bottle (1). Now when the sample bottle (1) is inserted at sample bottle holder premises (22), there is a pair of sensor (24 & 25), which generates a signal for the

microcontroller (18) to initiate the motor (17) in clockwise direction. The shaft of the motor (16) travels downwards such that the flexible bellows (15), which is mounted on fixed plate (29). expands downwards. Due to that vacuum is generated in the bellows assembly which sucks the milk sample (23) into the pipette(2) which is connected in the sequence of flexible pipes (11 & 12), brass pipes (5 & 7), flexible pipes (11 & 12) and reservoir (13 & 14). The plate (30) is connected to flexible bellows (15) and reaches at the lower position sensor (27). The lower position sensor (27) gives signal to the micro controller (18). The micro controller (18) stops the motor (17). Now the sucked sample remains in the pipette (2), pipe (11, 12), brass pipe (5, 7) & reservoir(13 & 14). This process we call as Milk IN process.
Now the microcontroller issues a start command to the heating coil (6 & 8) to both the brass pipes (5, 7) in order to raise the temperature of the solution. The temperature of the pipe is continuously sensed by the temperature sensor (37) & (38). The analog value of the temperature sensed in sent to the microcontroller after converting into digital signal of ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) circuit.
The microcontroller observes this digital value of temperature (of both the pipes individually) & when predetermined temperature is achieved it cuts-off the heater.
Once the heating process is completed, temperature settling time of about 4-5 seconds is given & then the microcontroller starts sending ultrasonic pulses to the ultrasonic transmitter (9) & (10). The time taken by the pulses is measured by the microcontroller, averaged out as travel time.

The microcontroller calculates the values of FAT, SNF, protein, added water, density etc. properties of milk depend upon the travel time. Finally calculated all these values are displayed on LCD and sent to RS232 port (for connectivity to the computer). A software program for computer can receive these data's from the apparatus and further analyze them to calculate the payment to be paid to the milk producer depending upon the FAT, SNF etc. values.
Once the results ae displayed on the LCD, the microcontroller (18) gives signal to initiate the motor (17) in anti-clockwise direction. The shaft of the motor (16) travels upwards such that the flexible bellows (15), which is mounted on fixed plate (29). shrinks upwards. Due to that vacuum is released in the bellows assembly which pushes the milk sample (23) from the reservoir (13 & 14) into the flexible pipes (11 & 12) , brass pipes (5 & 7), flexible pipes (11 & 12), pipette(2) and then to the sample bottle (1) .The plate (30) is connected to flexible bellows (15) and reaches at the upper position sensor (28). The upper position sensor (28) gives signal to the micro controller (18). The micro controller (18) stops the motor (17). Now the sample which was sucked from the sample bottle (1) at the start of the process has come out again in the sample bottle(l). This process we call as Milk out process.
Whenever the machine is switched on, the position of the bellows is sensed by upper position sensor(28) and lower position sensor(27). If at all the bellows is not positioned at upper position sensor(28), then there is a chance that some old milk sample (23) may be in the pipette(2), flexible pipes (11 & 12), brass pipes (5 & 7), flexible pipes (11 & 12) and reservoir (13 & 14). So the micro

controller issues the Milk out process command to flush out this old sample before we start testing the fresh samples.
The present invention operates on AC (Alternate electric current) mains as well as on battery with built in charger and automatic switch over to battery in case of power failure. Special type of easily attachable battery socket is provided on the backside of the machine.
Generally this fat-SNF testing apparatus is being used by non-technical person so the apparatus should be very simple to use and should be user friendly. This apparatus is generally used in a rural area where there are chances of shortage of electricity.
The present invention has been benefited to the community of farmers and
milk industries at large, which can instantly and faultlessly measure and display
fat contents, SNF and other properties of a given milk sample without operation
« or pressing any handle or keys or Buttons. This wonder machine, which is
compact, light weight and portable, has been invented.
An apparatus for milk testing which takes in samples accurately, automatically, is simple to use, gives accurate and reliable result. Additionally it should work in tough condition and should have battery backup.

We Claim:
1. ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER comprising with sample bottle, pipette, sample bottle holder, pipette, a pair of sensor, flexible tube, ultrasonic transmitters & receivers, brass pipes, reservoirs, flexible bellows, motor, worm assembly, micro controller board, keyboard, LCD display and power supply wherein
the sample bottle (1) is placed on the sample bottle holder premises (22) in such a way that the lower end (24) of pipette is dipped in the sample milk (23) & still does not touch the bottom of the sample bottle (1);
a pair of sensor (24 & 25) is provided near the sample bottle (1) to generates a signal for the micro controller (18) to initiate the motor (17) in clockwise direction;
flexible tubes (11 & 12) are connects the pipette to ultrasonic transmitters (3 &4) and ultrasonic receivers (9 & 10) to reservoirs (13 & 14) and reservoirs (13 & 14) to flexible bellows (15);
microcontroller board (18) is connected with ultrasonic transmitters (3 & 4), receiver (9 & 10), key board (20), LCD display (21) and motor (17).

2. ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER as claimed in claim 1 wherein flexible bellows (15) is expands downwards due to that vacuum is generated in the bellows assembly which sucks the milk sample (23) into the pipette(2) which is connected in the sequence of flexible pipes (11 & 12), brass pipes (5 & 7), flexible pipes (11 & 12) and Injection (13 & 14).
3. ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER as claimed in claim 1 wherein temperature sensors (37 & 38) are provided in the middle of brass pipes (5 & 7) to continuously sense the temperature of the brass pipes (5 & 7).
3. ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER as claimed in claim 1 wherein
heating coil (6 & 8) are fitted on the brass pipes (5 & 7).
4. ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER as claimed in claim 1 wherein shaft of the motor (16) travels downwards to the flexible bellow assembly (15).
5. ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER as claimed in claim 1 wherein position plate (30) is connected to the flexible bellow assembly (15).
6. ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER as claimed in claim 1 wherein upper & lower positioning sensor (27 & 28) are connected with flexible bellow assembly (15) to gives the signal to the microcontroller (18).

7. ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER as claimed in claim 1 and 3 wherein analog value of the sensed temperature is converted into digital signal to send to the microcontroller.
8. ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER as claimed in claim 1 wherein microcontroller (18) is sending ultrasonic pulses to the ultrasonic transmitters (3 & 4).
9. ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER as claimed in claim 1 wherein microcontroller (18) calculates the travel time between the ultrasonic transmitters (3 & 4) and receiver (9 & 10) on that bases microcontroller calculates the FAT, SNF, Added water, Protein and other milk properties.
10. ELECTRONIC MILK ANALYZER substantially herein described
with reference to the foregoing description and the accompanying
drawings.

Abstract
In the Electronic milk analyzer the milk sample is placed on holder
such that the pipette dips in the sample. The IR sensor detects the
presence of the milk sample and the micro controller generates a
signal to start the motor, which sucks the milk sample through the
pipette to the brass pipe having Ultrasonic Sensors and heater. Microcontroller switches on the heater to heat the pipe and so as the
sample. Whenever the predetermined temperature is achieved,
heater is cutoff, and the mico controller sends ultrasonic pulses to the ultrasonic sensors. The travel time is calculated for ultrasonic pulses.
On that basis FAT, SNF, Protein, Added water, Freedging point and
other milk properties are calculated and displayed on LCD.
The whole unit is quite small in size and best suitable for Indian rural conditions.