[0001]The present invention relates to an elevator device,
and in particular to an elevator device suitable for an
elevator device with a disc brake system.
Background Art
[0002]An elevator device with a disc brake system is
disclosed in PTL 1. PTL 1 discloses a brake system for an
elevator device, including a disc rotating with a rotor of
a device, a plurality of pads each facing the disc, and a
pressing mechanism for pressing the pads against the
surface of the disc.
[0003]
In addition, disc brake systems for automobiles are
disclosed in PTL 2, PTL 3, and PTL 4. In these patent
literatures, a plurality of grooves are formed on a brake
pad.
Citation List
Patent Literatures
[0004]
2
PTL 1: JP 2012-225513 A
PTL 2: JP 2007-24286 A
PTL 3: JP 2014-70651 A
PTL 4: JP 2015-10635 A
Summary of Invention
Technical Problem
[0005]
PTL 1, however, only discloses a brake system for an
elevator device having the configuration as described above,
and PTLs 2 to 4 discloses disc brake systems for
automobiles.
[0006]
Typically, since the total mass of a car, a balance
weight, and a rope to be stopped by a disc brake system is
large in an elevator device as compared to an automobile,
and since the velocity is also high particularly in a highspeed
elevator, the amount of braking energy is very large,
frictional heat generated during braking thus makes the
temperature at frictional faces of the disc and the brake
pad very high, and the time taken until stopping after
braking is several seconds to several tens of seconds.
[0007]
Furthermore, in a disc brake system for an elevator
device, gas is likely to be generated from resin used for
3
part of the material of a brake pad owing to the rise in
the high temperature, and wear is likely to occur, which
leads to such a phenomenon as generation of much wear
debris. Since such gas and wear debris present between the
frictional faces make frictional characteristics less
stable, gas and wear debris generated during braking need
to be removed so as to be present between the frictional
faces as little as possible in order to stabilize the
frictional characteristics.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the
aforementioned circumstances, and an object thereof is to
provide an elevator device including a disc brake system
capable of quickly removing gas and wear debris generated
from the vicinity of the center of a brake pad without
lowering the strength of the brake pad, which provides
stable frictional characteristics.
Solution to Problem
[0009]
To achieve the aforementioned object, an elevator
device of the present invention includes: a hoisting
machine connected via a drive motor and a rotating shaft, a
main rope being wound around the hoisting machine; a car
connected with one end of the main rope wound around the
4
hoisting machine and a balance weight connected with the
other end of the main rope; and a disc brake system
including a brake disc connected with a rotating shaft of
the hoisting machine, and a brake pad pressed against the
brake disc to apply braking force to stop the hoisting
machine to bring the car and the balance weight into a
stopped state, wherein a sliding contact face of the brake
pad in sliding contact with the brake disc has one linear
groove formed to extend through a center of the brake pad,
and two linear grooves formed to be perpendicular to the
one linear groove, intersections of the one linear groove
with the two linear grooves are positioned off the center
of the brake pad in the sliding contact face, and either
the one linear groove or the two linear grooves is/are
formed along a sliding contact direction of the brake pad
and the brake disc.
Advantageous Effects of Invention
[0010]
The present invention achieves an elevator device
including a disc brake system capable of quickly removing
gas and wear debris generated from the vicinity of the
center of a brake pad without lowering the strength of the
brake pad, which provides stable frictional characteristics.
5
Brief Description of Drawings
[0011]
[FIG. 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram
illustrating a first embodiment of an elevator device
according to the present invention.
[FIG. 2] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a hoisting
machine included in the first embodiment of the elevator
device according to the present invention.
[FIG. 3] FIG. 3 is a side view of the hoisting
machine illustrated in FIG. 2.
[FIG. 4] FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of a disc
brake system included in the hoisting machine illustrated
in FIG. 3.
[FIG. 5] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part of
the disc brake system illustrated in FIG. 4.
[FIG. 6] FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view of a brake
pad of the disc brake system illustrated in FIG. 4.
[FIG. 7] FIG. 7 is a side view of the brake pad
illustrated in FIG. 6.
[FIG. 8] FIG. 8 is an enlarged front view of another
example of a brake pad as a second embodiment of an
elevator device according to the present invention.
[FIG. 9] FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a hoisting
machine included in a third embodiment of an elevator
device according to the present invention.
6
Description of Embodiments
[0012]
An elevator device according to the present invention
will be described below with reference to illustrated
embodiments. In the figures, the same reference numerals
are used for corresponding components.
First Embodiment
[0013]
FIG. 1 illustrates an overall configuration of a
first embodiment of an elevator device of the present
invention.
[0014]
As illustrated in FIG. 1, a hoisting machine 3 is
installed in a machine room 2 formed on a top of a hoistway
1, and a main rope (rope) 4 is wound around a sheave of the
hoisting machine 3. One end of the main rope 4 is
connected to a car 5, and the other end of the main rope 4
is connected with a balance weight 6.
[0015]
A detailed configuration of the hoisting machine 3 is
illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.
[0016]
As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the hoisting machine
7
3 is installed on a fixed base 7 fixed to a floor of the
machine room 2, and a drive motor 8 and bearing stands 9
and 10 are fixed to the fixed base 7. The bearing stands 9
and 10 rotatably supports a rotating shaft 11 that
transmits driving force of the drive motor 8 to the
hoisting machine 3. A sheave 13 and a brake disc 14 having
a diameter larger than that of the sheave 13 are coaxially
fixed to the rotating shaft 11 that drives the hoisting
machine 3.
[0017]
In addition, disc brake systems 15 and 16 are
attached to the bearing stand 10 at two positions, lateral
to each other, of a support arm 19. The disc brake systems
15 and 16 are mounted on a horizontal line through the
center of the brake disc 14.
[0018]
The disc brake systems 15 and 16 have the same
configuration, and each include an actuator including an
electromagnetic coil and a spring, which are not
illustrated. In addition, the disc brake systems 15 and 16
are configured such that, after the drive motor 8 is
powered off, the disc brake systems 15 and 16 become a nonexcited
state and press brake shoes 17 and 18 called
calipers against respective faces of the brake disc 14 with
elastic force of the springs to generate braking force on
8
the brake disc 14.
[0019]
A detailed configuration of the disc brake system 16
is illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5.
[0020]
The disc brake system 16 is attached, with a
plurality of bolts 20 or the like, to the support arm 19 of
the bearing stand 10 fixed to the fixed base 7. The disc
brake system 16 has a cylindrical outer shape, while the
brake shoes 17 and 18 have rectangular outer shapes as will
be described later.
[0021]
The brake shoes 17 and 18 each have a brake pad 21,
the brake pads 21 facing braking contact faces on
respective sides of the brake disc 14. The brake shoe 18
is fixed to a brake body 22 by tightening of a stroke
adjusting bolt 23 for adjusting an operating distance in
braking. In contrast, the brake shoe 17 is movable in a
braking direction (a lateral direction in FIG. 4) coming
into contact with the brake disc 14 by an actuator 24
including an electromagnetic coil and a spring, which are
not illustrated.
[0022]
Since the brake shoes 17 and 18 have substantially
the same structures, the brake shoe 17 attached to a
9
driving rod 25 of the actuator 24 will be described herein.
[0023]
As illustrated in FIG. 5, an end portion of the
driving rod 25 of the actuator 24 is turnably connected to
an engagement portion (having a recessed shape) 26 of the
brake shoe 17. A spring member 27 for attachment is
attached to an outer circumference of the end portion of
the driving rod 25, and bent portions at ends of the spring
member 27 for attachment are engaged with pins 28 attached
to the brake shoe 17. A plate 30 having cutouts 29 engaged
with the pins 28 is positioned on a side face of the brake
shoe 17, and is fixed to the brake shoe 17 with set screws
31. Retaining split pins 32 are inserted in the pins 28 to
hold the connection of the brake shoe 17, the spring member
27 for attachment, and the plate 30. As described above,
the brake shoe 17 side is turnably (swingably) held by the
end portion of the driving rod 25.
[0024]
The attachment structure of the brake shoe 18
attached to and end of the stroke adjusting bolt 23
illustrated in FIG. 4 is substantially the same as that of
the brake shoe 17.
[0025]
In braking, the brake shoe 17 is pressed toward the
brake disc 14 by the spring, which is not illustrated,
10
included in the actuator 24 illustrated in FIG. 4 via the
driving rod 25. As a result, the pair of brake shoes 17
and 18 located on the respective sides of the brake disc 14
press the respective brake pads 21 to the brake disc 14 to
apply braking force, stop the hoisting machine 3
illustrated in FIG. 1, and bring the car 5 and the balance
weight 6 into a stopped state.
[0026]
FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate enlarged views of the brake
pad 21 of the brake shoe 17.
[0027]
Since the brake shoe 17 and the brake shoe 18 have
the same configuration, the brake pad 21 of the brake shoe
17 will be described herein. FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate a
sliding contact face of the brake pad 21 in sliding contact
with the brake disc 14, in which an arrow 12 indicates a
sliding contact direction (a tangent direction of the
circumference) of the brake pad 21 and the brake disc 14.
[0028]
As illustrated in FIG. 6, the brake pad 21 has a
quadrangular shape, having a first linear groove 33A and a
second linear groove 33B formed substantially along the
sliding contact direction with respect to the brake disc 14
(the vertical direction or gravity direction in the present
embodiment), and a third linear groove 33C formed in a
11
direction substantially perpendicular to the sliding
contact direction 12.
[0029]
In addition, in the present embodiment, the center of
the brake pad 21 is represented by a reference numeral 35,
and the first linear groove 33A and the second linear
groove 33B are formed in parallel to each other avoiding
the center 35 of the brake pad 21 with a distance
therebetween, which will be described in detail below, on
opposite sides of the center 35 of the brake pad 21, while
the third linear groove 33C is formed at a position
substantially through the center 35 of the brake pad 21.
[0030]
These linear grooves 33A, 33B, and 33C intersect with
each other at positions off the center 35 of the brake pad
21, and the grooves communicate with each other at the
intersections. In other words, a groove structure in which
the linear grooves 33A, 33B, and 33C intersect with each
other at the center 35 of the brake pad 21 is avoided.
[0031]
When the width dimension of the brake pad 21 is
represented by L and the distance from the center 35 of the
brake pad 21 to the first linear groove 33A or the second
linear groove 33B is represented by L1, the first linear
groove 33A and second linear groove 33B are formed to meet
12
a condition of 0.1L ≤ L1 ≤ 0.25L.
[0032]
As described above, since a total mass of the car 5,
the balance weight 6, and the main rope 4 to be stopped by
the disc brake systems 15 and 16 is significantly large in
an elevator device, and since the velocity is also high
particularly in a high-speed elevator device, the amount of
braking energy is very large. Thus, the temperature at
sliding contact faces of the brake disc 14 and the brake
pad 21 becomes very high by frictional heat generated
during braking. In addition, the time taken until stopping
after braking is several seconds to several tens of seconds,
gas is generated from resin used for part of the material
of the brake pad 21 owing to the rise in the temperature,
and wear debris is generated. In particular, in the case
of the rectangular brake pad 21, since the vicinity of the
center 35 of the brake pad 21 is pressed most hard, gas is
generated and wear debris is generated near the center 35
of the brake pad 21.
[0033]
In the present embodiment, however, since the third
linear groove 33C is formed through substantially the
center 35 of the brake pad 21, the gas generated near the
center 35 of the brake pad 21, in particular, is quickly
discharged. In addition, since the third linear groove 33C
13
extends in the direction perpendicular to the sliding
contact direction 12 of the brake disc 14 and the brake pad
21, wear debris that is likely to be generated from the
third linear groove 33C is quickly discharged through the
first linear groove 33A and the second linear groove 33B.
Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 2, in a system in
which the disc brake systems 15 and 16 are arranged on a
horizontal line through the center of the brake disc 14,
since the direction in which the first linear groove 33A
and the second linear groove 33B are formed is the vertical
direction, that is, the gravity direction, wear debris is
quickly discharged downward through the first linear groove
33A and the second linear groove 33B and removed.
[0034]
Furthermore, since the first linear groove 33A and
the second linear groove 33B are formed avoiding the center
35 of the brake pad 21 and communicating with the third
linear groove 33C extending through substantially the
center 35 of the brake pad 21, wear debris generated from
the vicinity of the center 35 of the brake pad 21, in
particular, is removed as described above without lowering
the strength of the brake pad 21 at the vicinity of the
center 35 of the brake pad 21 that is pressed most hard.
In particular, the position of the center 35 of the brake
pad 21 between the two grooves, that is, the first linear
14
groove 33A and the second linear groove 33B allows the
brake pad 21 to have a large contact face near the center
35 of the brake pad 21, which increases the strength. In
addition, the third linear groove 33C extending through
substantially the center 35 of the brake pad 21 allows gas
generated from the large contact face near the center 35 of
the brake pad 21 to be quickly discharged.
[0035]
With the configuration of the present embodiment
described above, gas generated from the contact face near
the center 35 of the brake pad 21 is discharged and wear
debris is removed while the strength is maintained, which
provides an elevator device having more stable frictional
characteristics of the vicinity of the center 35 of the
brake pad 21 with respect to the brake disc 14 and having
the disc brake systems 15 and 16 with more stable braking
characteristics than a configuration as in the related art
in which wear debris is likely to be accumulated.
Second Embodiment
[0036]
FIG. 8 illustrates an enlarged view of another
example of a brake pad 21 of a brake shoe 17 as a second
embodiment of an elevator device according to the present
invention.
15
[0037]
As illustrated in FIG. 8, the brake pad 21 in the
present embodiment has a rectangular shape that is long in
the sliding contact direction 12 indicated by an arrow, and
has one first linear groove 34A formed through
substantially the center 35 of the brake pad 21 and
substantially along the sliding contact direction 12 of the
brake pad 21 and the brake disc 14, and two grooves, which
are a second linear groove 34B and a third linear groove
34C, formed in a direction substantially perpendicular to
the sliding contact direction 12 at positions with the
center 35 of the brake pad 21 therebetween and avoiding the
center 35 of the brake pad 21. These linear grooves 34A,
34B, and 34C communicate with each other at intersections
avoiding the center 35 of the brake pad 21.
[0038]
When the height dimension of the brake pad 21 is
represented by H and the distance from the center 35 of the
brake pad 21 to the second linear groove 34B or the third
linear groove 34C is represented by H1, the second linear
groove 34B and the third linear groove 34C are formed to
meet a condition of 0.1H≦H1≦0.25H.
[0039]
With the present embodiment as described above as
well, since the first linear groove 34A is formed avoiding
16
intersecting with the second linear groove 34B and the
third linear groove 34C at the center 35 of the brake pad
21 and to extend through substantially the center 35 of the
brake pad 21, gas generated from the vicinity of the center
35 of the brake pad 21, in particular, is quickly
discharged. In addition, wear debris generated from the
second linear groove 34B and the third linear groove 34C
perpendicular to the sliding contact faces of the brake
disc 14 and the brake pad 21 is quickly discharged through
the first linear groove 34A. Specifically, as illustrated
in FIG. 2, in a system in which the disc brake systems 15
and 16 are arranged on a horizontal line through the center
of the brake disc 14, since the direction in which the
first linear groove 34A is formed is the vertical direction,
that is, the gravity direction, wear debris falls downward
through the first linear groove 34A and is quickly removed.
[0040]
Furthermore, since the number of first linear groove
34A is one and the second linear groove 34B and the third
linear groove 34C are formed avoiding the center 35 of the
brake pad 21, wear debris generated from the vicinity of
the center 35 of the brake pad 21, in particular, falls in
the gravity direction and is removed as described above
without lowering the strength of the brake pad 21 at the
vicinity of the center 35 of the brake pad 21 that is
17
pressed most hard. The formation of the two grooves, that
is, the second linear groove 34B and the third linear
groove 34C such that the center 35 of the brake pad 21 is
positioned between the second linear groove 34B and the
third linear groove 34C allows the brake pad 21 to have a
large contact face near the center 35, which increases the
strength. In addition, the first linear groove 34A
extending through substantially the center 35 of the brake
pad 21 allows gas generated from the large contact face
near the center 35 of the brake pad 21 to be quickly
discharged.
[0041]
With the present embodiment as well, generated gas is
discharged and wear debris is removed while the strength is
maintained, which provides an elevator device having more
stable frictional characteristics of the vicinity of the
center 35 of the brake pad 21 with respect to the brake
disc 14 and having the disc brake systems 15 and 16 with
more stable braking characteristics than a configuration as
in the related art in which wear debris is likely to be
accumulated.
Third Embodiment
[0042]
FIG. 9 illustrates an enlarged view of a hoisting
18
machine included in a third embodiment of an elevator
device according to the present invention.
[0043]
In the present embodiment illustrated in FIG. 9, disc
brake systems include disc brake systems 15 and 16 arranged
on a horizontal line through the center of a brake disc 14,
and disc brake systems 36 and 37 mounted above the disc
brake systems 15 and 16. Brake pads 21 of all these disc
brake systems 15, 16, 36, and 37 have the configuration in
the first embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6 described above,
that is, the configuration including two grooves, which are
a first linear groove 33A and a second linear groove 33B,
formed to extend in the sliding contact direction 12 of the
brake pad 21 and the brake disc 14, and one third linear
groove 33C formed to intersect with the first linear groove
33A and the second linear groove 33B in such a manner as to
communicate with the first linear groove 33A and the second
linear groove 33B, and extend in a direction perpendicular
to the sliding contact direction 12 and through the center
35 of the brake pad 21, in which the intersections of the
first linear groove 33A and the second linear groove 33B
with the third linear groove 33C are positioned off the
center 35 of the brake pad 21.
[0044]
In addition, the first linear groove 33A and the
19
second linear groove 33B are formed to extend in the
vertical direction (gravity direction) in the disc brake
systems 15 and 16, while the first linear groove 33C is
formed to extend in the sliding contact direction 12 but to
be tilted with respect to the vertical direction (gravity
direction) in the disc brake systems 36 and 37.
[0045]
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the brake
pads 21 of all the disc brake systems 15, 16, 36, and 37
may each have the configuration of the first embodiment
illustrated in FIG. 8 described above, the is, the
configuration having one first linear groove 34A formed to
extend in the sliding contact direction 12 of the brake pad
21 and the brake disc 14 and through the center 36 of the
brake pad 21, and the second linear groove 34B and the
third linear groove 34C formed to intersect with the first
linear groove 34A in such a manner to communicate with the
first linear groove 34A and extend in the direction
perpendicular to the sliding contact direction 12, in which
the intersections of the first linear groove 34A with the
second linear groove 34B and the third linear groove 34C
are positioned off the center 35 of the brake pad 21, the
first linear groove 34A is formed to extend in the vertical
direction (gravity direction) in the disc brake systems 15
and 16 while the second linear groove 34B and the third
20
linear groove 34C extending in the sliding contact
direction 12 are tilted with respect to the vertical
direction (gravity direction) in the disc brake systems 36
and 37.
[0046]
In addition, in the present embodiment, the
configurations of the brake pads 21 of the disc brake
systems 15 and 16 and the disc brake systems 36 and 37 in
the first embodiment and those in the second embodiments
may be combined.
[0047]
For example, the brake pads 21 of the disc brake
systems 15 and 16 may have the configuration in the first
embodiment (the configuration in FIG. 6) or the
configuration in the second embodiment (the configuration
in FIG. 8), and the disc brake systems 36 and 37 may have
the configuration in the second embodiment or the
configuration in the first embodiment, or alternatively,
three disc brake systems 15, 16, and 36 may have the
configuration in the first embodiment (the configuration in
FIG. 6) or the configuration in the second embodiment (the
configuration in FIG. 8), and the remaining one disc brake
system 37 may have the configuration in the second
embodiment or the configuration in the first embodiment.
[0048]
21
Specifically, in the present embodiment illustrated
in FIG. 9, four disc brake systems 15, 16, 36, and 37 are
mounted on the support arm 19 of the bearing stand 10
supported by and fixed to the fixed base 7. Since the disc
brake systems 15 and 16 are arranged on a horizontal line
through substantially the center 35 of the brake disc 14
similarly to the first embodiment and/or the second
embodiment described above, the brake pads 21 having the
same configurations as those in the first and second
embodiments can be used to produce the same effects as
those in the first and second embodiments.

CLAIMS

[Claim 1]An elevator device comprising: a hoisting machine
connected via a drive motor and a rotating shaft, a main
rope being wound around the hoisting machine; a car
connected with one end of the main rope wound around the
hoisting machine and a balance weight connected with the
other end of the main rope; and a disc brake system
including a brake disc connected with a rotating shaft of
the hoisting machine, and a brake pad pressed against the
brake disc to apply braking force to stop the hoisting
machine to bring the car and the balance weight into a
stopped state, wherein
a sliding contact face of the brake pad in sliding
contact with the brake disc has one linear groove formed to
extend through a center of the brake pad, and two linear
grooves formed to be perpendicular to the one linear groove,
intersections of the one linear groove with the two linear
grooves are positioned off the center of the brake pad in
the sliding contact face, and either the one linear groove
or the two linear grooves is/are formed along a sliding
contact direction of the brake pad and the brake disc.
[Claim 2]
The elevator device as claimed in claim 1, wherein
the disc brake system is positioned on a horizontal line
30
through a center of the brake disc, and the brake pad of
the disc brake system has two linear grooves, which are a
first linear groove and a second linear groove formed to
extend in the sliding contact direction of the brake pad
and the brake disc, and one third linear groove formed to
intersect with the first linear groove and the second
linear groove in such a manner as to communicate with the
first linear groove and the second linear groove, and
extend in a direction perpendicular to the sliding contact
direction and through the center of the brake pad, and
intersections of the first linear groove and the second
linear groove with the third linear groove are positioned
off the center of the brake pad.
[Claim 3]
The elevator device as claimed in claim 2, wherein
the first linear groove and the second linear groove are
formed to extend in a vertical direction.
[Claim 4]
The elevator device as claimed in claim 2 or 3,
wherein the brake pad is formed in a quadrangular shape.
[Claim 5]
The elevator device as claimed in claim 1, wherein
the disc brake system is positioned on a horizontal line
through a center of the brake disc, and the brake pad of
the disc brake system has one first linear groove formed to
31
extend in the sliding contact direction of the brake pad
and the brake disc and through the center of the brake pad,
and a second liner groove and a third linear groove formed
to intersect with the first linear groove in such a manner
as to communicate with the first linear groove, and extend
in a direction perpendicular to the sliding contact
direction, and intersections of the first linear groove
with the second linear groove and the third linear groove
are positioned off the center of the brake pad.
[Claim 6]
The elevator device as claimed in claim 5, wherein
the first linear groove is formed to extend in a vertical
direction.
[Claim 7]
The elevator device as claimed in claim 5 or 6,
wherein the brake pad is formed in a rectangular shape that
is vertically long along the sliding contact direction.
[Claim 8]
An elevator device comprising: a hoisting machine
connected via a drive motor and a rotating shaft, a main
rope being wound around the hoisting machine; a car
connected with one end of the main rope wound around the
hoisting machine and a balance weight connected with the
other end of the main rope; and disc brake systems each
including a brake disc connected with a rotating shaft of
32
the hoisting machine, and a brake pad pressed against the
brake disc to apply braking force to stop the hoisting
machine to bring the car and the balance weight into a
stopped state,
the disc brake systems consisting of at least a disc
brake system A being positioned on a horizontal line
through a center of the brake disc and a disc brake system
B installed above the disc brake system A, wherein
all of the brake pads of the disc brake system A and
the disc brake system B have a configuration of the brake
pad according to claim 2 or claim 5, or
the brake pads of the disc brake system A and the
disc brake system B have combination of configurations of
the brake pads according to claim 2 and claim 5.
[Claim 9]
The elevator device as claimed in claim 8, wherein
the disc brake system A has the configuration of the brake
pad according to claim 2 or claim 5, and the disc brake
system B has the configuration of the brake pad according
to claim 5 or claim 2.
[Claim 10]
The elevator device as claimed in claim 9, wherein in
the disc brake system A, the first linear groove and the
second linear groove of the brake pad according to claim 2
are formed to extend in a vertical direction, or the first
33
linear groove of the brake pad according to claim 5 is
formed to extend in the vertical direction, and wherein in
the disc brake system B, the first linear groove and the
second linear groove of the brake pad according to claim 2
or the first linear groove of the brake pad according to
claim 5 are formed to be tilted with respect to the
vertical direction.