1. Title of the invention
EMRPDC water purification system for complete elimination of hardness, dissolved salts or ions, salinity and effluents from water
2. Applicant
Name: Eesavyasa Technologies Pvt Ltd
Nationality: Indian
Address: R&D Centre, Plot No: 79, Phase III, SVCIE, Balanagar, Hyderabad - 500 037, AP, India
3. Preamble to the Description:
Complete Specification
Summary:
In this method of invention, electro-magnetic resonance phenomena is used to separate various soluble salts under the influence of pulsed direct current induced into electro chemical reactor. It consists of two different metal electrodes of variable oxidation potential values with fixed distance between them throughout the reaction.
In first phase, water is passed through multi grain filtration system constituting various sizes of stones, hydroxyl appetite crystals, nano carbons impregnated special sand to filter out undissolved chemicals and organic substances to the extent possible.
In this method, permanent magnets made up of neodymium doped with samarium, lanthanum, hafnium, Erbium etc. with variable magnetic field strength. The reaction chamber called as EMRION chamber is induced with electrical field are having a facility to alter the frequency of DC current in pulses and facility to vary the voltage in the power supply.
When external magnetic field induced with super magnets proposed above and induced electric field with pulsed DC are subjected to electro chemical reaction in the EMRION chamber, depending on the nature of electronic nature of the ions, solubility of water varies. Beneath the electrodes, a membrane woven with fullerene or graphene or nano silicones are placed depending on the type of impurities. Under
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fields are arranged in perpendicular direction to each other, water leaving aside all impurities prefer to move towards electrodes. At 22 mghtz of resonating frequency, temporarily the dipole movement of H20 molecule bond angle alters, leaving soluble character of water.
When reaction takes place at milli watts of power consumptions, anions of inorganic salts which can be evolved as their elementary gases will collect through ion traps connected on the top of chamber and neutralized with caustic soda or any other chemical to convert into value added salts.
The settled salts are passed through a filter press in which filtration media can also be made up of nano carbon aramic unidirectional cloth and compressed with energy saving BLDC motor to extract out salt cake. It can be dried and stored as batch wise by-product enabling audit of effluent.
In the second portion of the design, after water passed through carbon treatment and micro filtration, water is subjected to super disinfection when passed through pulsed UV, pulsed UV laser, IR thermal heating chamber and variable ozone dosage for disinfections.
The whole system is automated for the convenience of user arranging corresponding sensors like turbidity, PH, TDS, ozone, fluoride etc. at before and after treatment levels or at intermediate stages wherever process repetition is desired to meet the required standards and the data can be transmitted via IP protocol to multiple users.

4. Description
Water treatment describes those industrial-scale processes used to make water more acceptable for a desired end-use. These can include use for drinking water, industry, medical and many other uses. Such processes may be contrasted with small-scale water sterilization practiced by campers and other people in wilderness areas. The goal of all water treatment process is to remove existing contaminants in the water, or reduce the concentration of such contaminants so the water becomes fit for its desired end-use. One such use is returning water that has been used back into the natural environment without adverse ecological impact.
The processes involved in treating water for drinking purpose may be solids separation using physical processes such as settling and filtration, and chemical processes such as disinfection and coagulation.
Biological processes are employed in the treatment of wastewater and these processes may include, for example, aerated lagoons, activated sludge or slow sand filters.
Benefits of EMR PDC
• Unique Technology that separates water from impurities
• Wastage of water is less than 5% - as compared to the wastage of 50% - 70% in RO plants.
• Cheaper and inexpensive compared to traditional DM plants
• No upper TDS limit like in existing methods - any ground water can be treated
• Treatment of even Hazardous Pharma Industry Water
• Integrated Software for more controls, can monitor parameters, multi-channel communication
• Total control on Fluoride or any other heavy metal ion removal.
• Removal of hardness of water.
• Desalination of Sea water
• Minimal maintenance
• Minimal power consumption
• Source independent functionality.
• During the process, if any unwanted gases are liberated, they are collected through scrubbers and made into solid waste for disposal
Disinfection of Bacteria, Virus, Fungi and other pathogenic microbes with UV and Ozone - Power independent pumping systems (SRWLS).
Background of invention
The following are few available and widely used water treatment solutions:
1. Distillation
Distillation is probably the oldest method of water purification. Water'is first, heateds

to boiling. The water vapour rises to a condenser where cooling water lowers the temperature so the vapour is condensed, collected and stored. Most contaminants remain behind in the liquid phase vessel. However, organics with boiling points lower than 100 °C cannot be removed efficiently and can actually become concentrated in the product water. Another disadvantage is cost. Distillation requires large amounts of energy and water.
2. Ion-Exchange
The ion-exchange process percolates water through bead-like spherical resin materials (ion-exchange resins). Ions in the water are exchanged for other ions fixed to the beads. The two most common ion-exchange methods are softening and deionization.
Softening is used primarily as a pre-treatment method to reduce water hardness prior to reverse osmosis (RO) processing. The softeners contain beads that exchange two sodium ions for every calcium or magnesium ion removed from the "softened" water.
Deionization (DI) beads exchange either hydrogen ions for cations or hydroxyl ions for anions. The cation exchange resins, made of styrene and divinylbenzene containing sulfonic acid groups, will exchange a hydrogen ion for any cations they encounter (e.g., Na+, Ca++, A1+++). Similarly, the anion exchange resins, made of styrene and containing quaternary ammonium groups, will exchange a hydroxyl ion for any anions (e.g., C1-). The hydrogen ion from the cation exchanger unites with the hydroxyl ion of the anion exchanger to form pure water.
These resins may be packaged in separate bed exchangers with separate units for the cation and anion exchange beds. Or, they may be packed in mixed bed exchangers containing a mixture of both types of resins. In either case, the resin must be "regenerated" once it has exchanged all its hydrogen and/or hydroxyl ions for charged contaminants in the water. This regeneration reverses the purification process, replacing the contaminants bound to the DI resins with hydrogen and hydroxyl ions.
Deionization can be an important component of a total water purification system when used in combination with other methods discussed in this primer such as RO, filtration and carbon adsorption. DI systems effectively remove ions, but they do not effectively remove most organics or microorganisms. Microorganisms can attach to the resins, providing a culture media for rapid bacterial growth and subsequent pyrogen generation. The advantages and disadvantages of this technology are summarized below.
3. Carbon Adsorption
The carbon adsorption process is controlled by the diameter of the pores in the carbon filter and by the diffusion rate of organic molecules through the pores. The rate of adsorption is a function of the molecular weight and the molecular size of the organics. Certain granular carbons effectively remove chloramines. Carbon also

removes free chlorine and protects other purification media in the system that may be sensitive to an oxidant such as chlorine.
Carbon is usually used in combination with other treatment processes. The placement of carbon in relation to other components is an important consideration in the design of a water purification system.
The distinction between filters is important because the three serve very different functions. Depth filters are usually used as pre filters because they are an economical way to remove 98% of suspended solids and protect elements downstream from fouling or clogging.
Surface filters remove 99.99% of suspended solids and may be used as either pre filters or clarifying filters. Micro porous membrane (screen) filters are placed at the last possible point in a system to remove the last remaining traces of resin fragments, carbon fines, colloidal particles and microorganisms. For example, 0.22 Millipore membrane filters, which retain all bacteria, are routinely used to sterilize intravenous solutions, serums and antibiotics.
4. Ultra filtration
Ultra filtration (UF) membrane functions as a molecular sieve. It separates dissolved molecules on the basis of size by passing a solution through an infinitesimally fine filter.
The ultra filter is a tough, thin, selectively permeable membrane that retains most macromolecules above a certain size including colloids, microorganisms and pyrogens. Smaller molecules, such as solvents and ionized contaminants, are allowed to pass into the filtrate. Thus, UF provides a retained fraction (retentate) that is rich in large molecules and a filtrate that contains few, if any, of these molecules.
Ultra filters are available in several selective ranges. In all cases, the membranes will retain most, but not necessarily all, molecules above their rated size.
5. Reverse Osmosis
Reverse osmosis (RO) is the most economical method of removing 95% to 99% of all contaminants. The pore structure of RO membranes is much tighter than UF membranes. RO membranes are capable of rejecting practically all particles, bacteria and organics >300 daltons molecular weight (including pyrogens).
Natural osmosis occurs when solutions with two different concentrations are separated by a semi-permeable membrane. Osmotic pressure drives water through the membrane; the water dilutes the more concentrated solution; and the end result is an equilibrium.
In water purification systems, hydraulic pressure is applied to the concentrated solution to counteract the osmotic pressure. Pure water is driven from the concentrated solution and collected downstream of the membrane.
Because RO membranes are very restrictive, they yield very slow flow rates. Storage tanks are required to produce an adequate volume in a reasonable amount of time.

RO also involves an ionic exclusion process. Only solvent is allowed to pass through the semi-permeable RO membrane, while virtually all ions and dissolved molecules are retained (including salts and sugars). The semi-permeable membrane rejects salts (ions) by a charge phenomenon action: the greater the charge, the greater the rejection.
Therefore, the membrane rejects nearly all (>99%) strongly ionized polyvalent ions but only 95% of the weakly ionized monovalent ions like sodium.
Different feed water may require different types of RO membranes. Membranes are manufactured from cellulose acetate or thin-film composites of polyamide on a polysulfone substrate.
RO is the most economical and efficient method for purifying tap water if the system is properly designed for the feed water conditions and the intended use of the product water. RO is also the optimum pre-treatment for reagent-grade water polishing systems.
6. Deionization
The ion-exchange resins capture dissolved ions in the feed water at the top of the cell. Electric current applied across the module pulls those ions through the ion-selective membrane towards the electrodes. Cations are pulled through the cation-permeable membrane towards the cathode, and anions through the anion-selective membrane towards the anode. These ions, however, are unable to travel all the way to their respective electrodes since they come to the adjacent ion-selective membrane which is of the opposite charge. This prevents further migrations of ions, which are then forced to concentrate in the space between the cells. This space is known as the "concentrate" channel, and the ions concentrated in this area are flushed out of the system to the drain.
The channel running through the resin bed in the center of the cell is known as the "dilute" channel. As water passes down this channel, it is progressively deionized. At the lower end of the dilute channel, where water is free of ions, splitting of H2O occurs in the electric field. This generates H+ and OH- which regenerate the ion exchange resins, effectively eliminating chemical regeneration.
7. Ultraviolet Treatment
Recent advances in UV lamp technology have resulted in the production of special lamps which generate both 185 nm and 254 nm UV light. This combination of wavelengths is necessary for the photo oxidation of organic compounds. With these special lamps, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) levels in high purity water can be reduced to 5 ppb.
Description of Invention
• All the existing systems either use harmful chemicals or have only limited effect on the water. The residual water is released into water bodies which again seep into,-.- 1 H

ground polluting even the ground water. Hence there is a need for a purification system that does not use chemicals or does not waste any water.

6. Brief description of drawings:
Pre-Filtration
1. Hydroxyl appetite impregnated GAC / anthracite granules
2. Multi-media sand filter
EMRION Stage
1. Settling Aid
2. Ion Trap System
3. Metal Plates coated with nano material
4. System Control Panel
5. Reaction Tank
6. Inlet / Outlet Valves
7. Nano Carbon Mesh
8. Nano Composite doped magnets
9. Ultrasonic vibrator for agitation with PMDC motor
10. EMRPDC power supply with variable pulses, amperage, DC voltage and radio frequency oscillator
11. Nano carbon woven fabric media Filter Press
12. Solid waste cake Bags
•/ Super Disinfection
1. Variable Pulses generation apparatus
2. Pulsed Ultra violet
3. Pulsed Ultra violet laser
4. Ozone mixing chamber
5. Infrared chamber
Application of Electro Magnetic Resonance Pulsed Direct Current (EMRPDC) water treatment:
1. Drinking water

7. Claims
1. EMRION is used to eliminate salts responsible for flourides, arsenic, nitrates, iron, chlorides, hardness, salinity due to soils near to sea shore etc. Which contains inorganic salts causing higher TDS (total dissolved salts). It also eliminates all bacterial loads hence system is used for drinking water plants where source is ground water, providing an alternative to RO system.
2. EMRION is used to purify surface water containing dissolved salts and higher turbudity, hence best suited for drinking water schemes.
3. This system is used to treat effluents from industries, sewerage from municipal waste, textiles effluents and paper mills black water and to purify high protein consisting effluents generated from slaughter houses, food processing, rice mills, sugar plants, diary industry etc.
4. This technology is used to collect back high value inorganic salts as solid cake at the bottom from sugar industries, textiles, paper or any other similar industries where dissolved salts are going into drainage as uncollected.
5. This method of invention is used to seperate out sugar or alkaloides and coffee from their concentrated juices when appropriate resonating frequencies are adjusted, hence used for industrial applications of similar nature.
6. This method of invention is used to get deposit few metal ions and heavy metal ions on the electrodes to extract out valuable metals including radio active from the variety of effluents treated.
7. This method can be used to collect gases like flourine, chlorine and otherwise flowing into drainage by dissolving into the effluent under ion trap mechanism.
8. Organic solvents of partial polar nature consists of various covalent compounds can also be seperated into various levels when subjected to EMRION hence used in organic solvents purification and segregation methods.
9. This invention is used to seperate natural products from their herbal solutions which has water soluble nature hence find multiple applications in pharma industry.
10. This invention is best used for recycling of mine water generated from mines and also to seperate out metals of very small sizes, unless escaped out into drianage from metallergical industries. ^ _