1. Title of Invention

Energy efficient hybrid automobile engines using compressed liquid air or gas

2. Applicant

Name : EESAVYASA TECHONOLOGIES PVT. LTD

Nationality : iNDIAN

Address : R&D centre, Plot No: 79, Phase — III, Balanagar, Hyderabad, R.R. District, Andhra Pradesh, Pin — 500037, iNDIA.

3. Preamble to the description:

Complete Specification:

Summary:

In the summary of invention, each important salient feature is explained as follows:
As their name implies, four-stroke internal combustion engines have four basic steps that repeat with every two revolutions of the engine:

(1) Intake/suction stroke (2) Compression stroke (3) Power/expansion stroke and (4) Exhaust stroke

1. Intake stroke: The first stroke of the internal combustion engine is also known as the suction stroke because the piston moves to the maximum volume position (downward direction in the cylinder) creating a vacuum (negative pressure). The inlet valve opens as a result of the cam lobe pressing down on the valve stem, and the vaporized fuel mixture is sucked into the combustion chamber. The inlet valve closes at the end of this stroke.

2. Compression stroke: In this stroke, both valves are closed and the piston starts its movement to the minimum volume position (upward direction in the cylinder) and compresses the fuel mixture. During the compression process, pressure, temperature and the density of the fuel mixture increases.

3. A Power stroke: When the piston reaches a point just before top dead centre, the spark plug ignites the fuel mixture. The point at which the fuel ignites varies by engine; typically it is about 10 degrees before top dead centre. This expansion of gases caused by ignition of the fuel produces the power that is transmitted to the crank shaft mechanism.

4. Exhaust stroke: In the end of the power stroke, the exhaust valve opens. During this stroke, the piston starts its movement in the maximum volume position. The open exhaust valve allows the exhaust gases to escape the cylinder. At the end of this stroke, the exhaust valve closes, the inlet valve opens, and the sequence repeats in the next cycle.
Four-stroke engines require two revolutions.

Combustion

All internal combustion engines depend on combustion of a chemical fuel, typically with oxygen from the air (though it is possible to inject nitrous oxide to do more of the same thing and gain a power boost). The combustion process typically results in the production of a great quantity of beat, as well as the production of steam and carbon dioxide and other chemicals at very high temperature; the temperature reached is determined by the chemical makeup of the fuel and oxidisers, as well as by the compression and other factors.

The most common modern fuels are made up of hydrocarbons and are derived mostly from fossil fuels (petroleum). Fossil fuels include diesel fuel, gasoline and petroleum gas, and the rarer use of propane. Except for the fuel delivery components, most internal combustion engines that are designed for gasoline use can run on natural gas or liquefied petroleum gases without major modifications. Large diesels can run with air mixed with gases and a pilot diesel fuel ignition injection. Liquid and gaseous bio fuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel (a form of diesel fuel that is produced from crops that yield triglycerides such as soybean oil), can also be used. Engines with appropriate modifications can also run on hydrogen gas, wood gas, or charcoal gas, as well as from so-called producer gas made from other convenient biomass. Recently, experiments have been made with using powdered solid fuels, such as the magnesium injection cycle
Energy efficiency

Once ignited and burnt, the combustion products—hot gases—have more available thermal energy than the original compressed fuel-air mixture (which bad higher chemical energy). The available energy is manifested as high temperature and pressure that can be translated into work by the engine. In a reciprocating engine, the high-pressure gases inside the cylinders drive the engine’s pistons.

Most steel engines have a thermodynamic limit of 37%. Even when aided with turbochargers and stock efficiency aids, most engines retain an average efficiency of about 1 8%-20%. Rocket engine efficiencies are much better, up to 70%, because they operate at very high temperatures and pressures and can have very high expansion ratios. Electric motors are better still, at around 85-90% efficiency or more, but they rely on an external power source (often another heat engine at a power plant subject to similar thermodynamic efficiency limits).

COMPRESSED AIR

A compressed fluid (also called a sub cooled fluid or subcooled liquid) is a fluid under mechanical and or thermodynamic conditions that force it to be a liquid. It is a liquid at a temperature lower than the saturation temperature at a given pressure.

Working mechanism

• Any gas sent into the cylinder and piston is acted upon with high pressure. As a result of high pressure gas temperature also increases.

• Piston will be driven by the unidirectional pulley system.

• At this point of time we can use any of the three techniques to cool the temperatures inside in order to liquefy the gas.

• Gadolinium magnet

• Peltiers

• Ethyl alcohol using carbon dioxide converted to dry ice.

• Pressure controlled air is sent into another piston cylinder chamber

• The liquefied Pressure controlled air is sent into another piston cylinder chamber.

• Inlet and outlet valves are monitored using feedback mechanism.

• As the liquefied air will be of high pressure, the air exerts pressure on the piston to move up till TDC (top dead centre) of cylinder.

• Then inlet valve will be shut down and outlet valve will be open as the air pressure drops and flows out.

• Piston which is at TDC will be pushed down by the inertia of crank wheel and
hence pushes out the air.

• Piston upon reaching BDC (bottom dead centre) the outlet valve will be shut and then inlet valve will be open.

• Exhaust air is collected into our patented compressor which works on mechanical advantage principles.

• Compressed air is collected in a chamber and then sent to 1iquef’ the gas and hence the process repeated.

• The efficiency of the fuel will be maximum compared to conventional fuels.

4. Description

The field of invention relates to combustion systems in automobile engines. The present invention is method to utilize the exhaust fumes after burning the fuel and enhancing the mileage and efficiency of the automobiles.

The combustion engine system is an engine in which the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit. In an internal combustion engine (ICE) the expansion of the high-temperature and high-pressure gases produced by combustion apply direct force to some component of the engine. The force is applied typically to pistons, turbine blades, or a nozzle. This force moves the component over a distance, transforming chemical energy into useful mechanical energy.

This invention describes collection of burnt fuel gases in the form of liquefied air and apply it the piston cylinder.

Background of invention

All combustion engines depend on combustion of a chemical fuel, typically with oxygen from the air. The combustion process typically results in the production of a great quantity of heat, as well as the production of steam and carbon dioxide and other chemicals at very high temperature. Internal combustion engines require ignition of the mixture, either by spark ignition or compression ignition.

There are several designs which are suitable for petrol and diesel as fuels to design in achieving optimum mileage. This invention describes collection of burnt fuel gases in the form of liquefied air and apply it the piston cylinder.

7. Claims

1. This invention replaces any engine which is used for rotatory movement

2. In automobiles, huge hydraulic equipments

3. Transport vehicles like car, bus

4. Huge steamers, sub marines, boats

5. construction equipments like crushers, cranes, lifts

6. military equipments like tanks, air crafts, missiles

7. in textile industries for loommers, fabric equipments

8. power generators replacing DG sets

9. Refrigeration systems for all industrial and storage solutions.

10. Industrial automation equipments like CNC, 3D printer, robots. Any kind of machinery where ever fossil fuel burnt engines is used.