Ethernet Powered Control / Exchange / Connector Switch Daisy 105
Abstract:
This invention is an Ethernet Powered Control/Exchange/Connector Switch-Daisy-105 which functions without external power source, which is a 5-Port Ethernet Switch to control/exchange/connect data and to draw/manage sower in network communication links used to couple multiple nodes in a data processing, LAN, MAN and the like systems together in a daisy chain arrangement.
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Notices, Deadlines & Correspondence
Field of invention:
The invention relates to a control/exchange/connector switch and in
particular 5-port Ethernet access switch to control/exchange data and
providing power in network communication links used to couple multiple
5 nodes in a data processing, LAN, MAN etc systems together in a daisy chain
arrangement.
Prior Art:
Ethernet is the most widely used network topology. There are mainly two types of topologies in Ethernet bus and star, and coaxial, twisted-pair, or 10 fiber optic cabling. Using proper connective equipment, multiple Ethernet-based LANs (local area networks) can be linked together with said any topology and/or cabling system.
Ethernet is a large and diverse family of frame-based computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs) and it has been 15 standardized as IEEE 802.3. Coaxial cable was used in networking, later replaced with point-to-point links connected together by hubs and/or devices in order to reduce installation costs, increase reliability, and enable point-to-point management and troubleshooting.
Computers were connected to an Attachment Unit Interface (AUI)
20 transceiver, which in turn connected to the cable. While a simple passive
wire was highly reliable for small Ethernets, it was not reliable for large
extended networks, where damage to the wire in a single place, or a single bad connector could make the whole Ethernet segment unusable. Multipoint systems are also prone to very strange failure modes when an electrical discontinuity reflects the signal in such a manner that some nodes would
30 work just fine while others would work slowly due to excessive retries or not at all; these could be much more painful to diagnose than a complete failure of the segment.
A greater length could be obtained by an Ethernet repeater, which took the signal from one Ethernet cable and repeated it onto another cable.
35 Ethernet on unshielded twisted-pair cables (UTP), beginning with Star
LAN and continuing with 10BASE-T was designed for point-point links only and all termination was built into the device. These changed hubs from a specialist device used at the center of large networks to a device that every twisted pair-based network with more than two machines had to use. This
40 structure made Ethernet networks more reliable by preventing faults with one peer or its associated cable from affecting other devices on the network. Also as twisted-pair Ethernet is point-to-point and terminated inside the hardware the total empty panel space required around a port is much reduced i.e., making it easier to design hubs with lots of ports and to integrate
45 Ethernet onto computer motherboards.
While repeaters could isolate some aspects of Ethernet segments, such as cable breakages, they still forwarded all traffic to all Ethernet devices. This created significant limit on how many machines could communicate on
55 an Ethernet network. To alleviate this, bridging was created to communicate at the data link layer while isolating the physical layer.
Fiber optic cables of Ethernet are commonly seen connecting buildings or network cabinets in different parts of a building, MAN, WAN etc., but are cost effective.
60 Power over Ethernet or PoE technology describes any system to
transmit electrical power, along with data, to remote devices over standard twisted-pair cable in an Ethernet network. This technology is useful for powering IP telephones, wireless LAN access points, webcams, Ethernet hubs, computers, and other appliances where it would be inconvenient or
65 infeasible to supply power separately.
IEEE 802.3af provides 48 volts DC over two out of four available pairs on a Cat3/Cat5 cable with the maximum current of 400 mA for the maximum load power of 19.20 watts wherein after counting losses, only about 12.95 watts are available. Most devised power supplies will lose
70 another 10-20% of the available energy. A phantom technique is used so that the powered pairs may also carry data. This permits its use not only with 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX, which use only two of the four pairs in the
100 E(Peiiref