FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970 (39 of 1970)
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
Title
"EXOMISTER - A DEVICE FOR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION EXHAUST GASES"
Applicant Javid Rasul Sayyed,
An Indian National, Whose address is
Flat No 104, F-3/Wing-1
"Jai Ganesh Samrajya", Panjarpol, Bhosari,
Pune-411039, Maharashtra, INDIA
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the matter in which it is to be
performed

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains to manufacture and usage of a device named Exomister for treatment of combustion exhaust gases. The function of the device is intended to reduce the air polluting contaminants generating from the exhaust gases. The air pollution causing elements of the exhaust gases are oxides of Carbon, Nitrogen, Sulfur and Suspended Particulate Matter. The device invented here exhibits encouraging results when physical testing was conducted. The functioning of the device is validated by physically testing on a vehicle and a substantial reduction of the contaminants is recorded. The Exomister device is designed so that it can be adapted to any combustion system: vehicular or non-vehicular. The device needs no modification to the present exhaust system; it can be used as an add-on unit
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention pertains to the field of combustion process of engines (internal combustion) or other heating equipment where fuel is burnt. Presently, the internal combustion engines being manufactured generally suffer from a plethora of problems, such as excessive weight and size, low efficiency, low power-to-weight ratio, low torque, high fuel consumption, high levels of air pollution, excessive noise and vibration, high complexity and large number of parts, which leads to decreased reliability and durability of the engine. The present invention endeavors to solve the problems pertaining to air pollution to a large extent, improving the relevant exhaust gas quality substantially.
In a vehicular or non-vehicular internal combustion engines, presently the engine exhaust is passed into the atmosphere directly, these exhausts from the IC engines raise the pollution levels, the polluting elements are primarily and majorly COX, NOx, SOx and solid particulate matter. COx stands from oxides of carbon namely carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (C02).

Similarly NOx stands for oxides of nitrogen namely nitrogen oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (N02). SOx stands for oxides of sulfur namely sulfur oxide (SO) and sulfur dioxide (S02). These polluting elements are freely discharged into atmosphere which are harmful to the living things in and around. The pollutant levels are increasing exponentially as the vehicular population is increasing. In Metro cities like Delhi and NCR, during winter heavy smog is prevailing causing huge visibility and health problems. The principle contributor to formation of smog is the NOx emanating from the vehicular exhaust. The vehicle manufacturers are trying hard to reduce the emission levels, but this is applicable only to newly launched vehicles. The Old vehicles plying on the roads are the major contributors to air pollution. The device invented here is suitable to all the new and old vehicles ranging from two wheelers to multi-axle trucks and buses. In few new vehicles the fuel is changed from diesel / petrol to CNG/LNG where to some extent the pollution is reduced that to only the Particulate matter and un-burnt hydrocarbons portion. Whereas the problem of SOx, COx, and NOx contaminants still remains un-attended. The device Exomister is also capable in reducing emission levels of these alternate fuel engines.
PRIOR ART
Patents / References Cited:
1) US Patent 1,128,548 dated 16-February-1915
2) US Patent 3,712,031 dated 23-January-1973
3) US Patent 4,024,219 dated 17-May-1977
4) US Patent 4,233,188 dated 11-Nov-1980
5) US Patent 6,032,462 dated 07-March-2000
6) Indian Patent Application No 1608/DEL/2012 dated 27-May-2012
7) US Patent 9,040,005 dated 27-May-2015

8) US Patent 9,044,744 dated 02-Jun-2015
9) US Patent 9,216,376 dated 22-Dec-2015
10) Indian Patent Application No 201647012555 dated 11-April-2016
11) Indian Patent Application No 201611015638 dated 05-May-2016
12) Indian Patent Application No 201647016759 dated 13-May-2016
13) Indian Patent Application No 201647017735 dated 24-May-2016
14) Indian Patent Application No 201627022701 dated 01-July-2016
15) Indian Patent Application No 201617023647 dated 11-July-2016
16) Indian Patent Application No 201647023745 dated 12-July-2016
17) Indian Patent Application No 201617024507 dated 18-July-2016
18) Indian Patent Application No 201647028204 dated 19-August-2016
19) Indian Patent Application No 201617030922 dated 09-September-2016
20) Indian Patent Application No 201647032128 dated 21-September-2016
21) Indian Patent Application No 201647034327 dated 07-October-2016
22) Indian Patent Application No 201647034367 dated 07-October-2016
23) Indian Patent Application No 201647036019 dated 21-October-2015
24) Indian Patent Application No 201647038327 dated 09-November-2016
25) Indian Patent Application No 201647041957 dated 08-Dec-2016
26) Indian Patent Application No 201647042626 dated 14-December-2016
27) US Patent 9,550,176 dated 24-Jan-2017
Numerous patents have been written on various systems and methods to reduce the pollution caused by exhaust gases. Off the above patents very few have gone into commercial production. Above listed patents has been studied vis-a-vis the invention disclosed here. The invention disclosed here is observed to be unique and genuine.

US Patent 1,128,548 granted in the year 1915, describes the principle of wet scrubbing, wherein the exhaust gases are made to pass under a shower of water generated by usage of nozzles / jets and then through a series of baffles and screens inside a box called smoke consumer chamber. Here the functioning is anticipated as cooling of the exhaust gases and containment of solid particulate matter to a certain extent.
US Patent 3,712,031 now expired, goes a step ahead and makes used of a rotating filter which is partially submerged inside a fluid. Here the liquid used is categorically specified as anti-freeze solution.
US Patent 4,024,219 now expired, describes the principle to reducing NOx from exhaust by dosing the exhaust with Nitric acid solution, the NO is converted to N02 and then the N02 formed is adsorbed by using silica gel. The patent doesn't mention about the formation of ammonia gases due to usage of nitric acid along with a water column.
US Patent 4,233,188 now expired, mentions the use of a three way catalyst for reduction of contaminants of the exhaust gases by Oxidation method. The catalysts used are based on Iridium, Rhodium, Palladium and Tungsten.
US Patent 6,032,462 dated March-2000, makes use of wet scrubbing principle, wherein water vapor is introduced in the stream of exhaust and further the same exhaust mixture is made to pass under a shower of water. Here in this patent, the patentee has not specified the method of generating the water vapor, however it is quite evident that a venture principle is used to atomize the water particles so as to form water vapor. Further the patentee also describes the ways and means of recirculation of water after filtration. The invention presented here makes use of a specific vaporizing technique, which is like squirting of water under the influence of vacuum generated by a venturi, wherein the solution is categorically vaporized and mixed with

the exhaust gas stream. The vaporization done be squirting in venturi tube is a kind of automation where there is not control on the water particle size.
Indian Patent Application No 1608/DEL/2012 dated 27-May-2012, mentions the usage of various filtering screens and multiple chambers for mixing the chemical with the exhaust. The exhaust gases are made to pass through a chemical solution which is in liquid state. The patentee mentions the use of various chambers which are difficult accommodate on a moving vehicle. Also the various chemicals used and their reactions are not mentioned. Further examination report of the patent shows discouraging feedback.
US Patent 9,040,005, describes the method to reduce S02 removal from marine engines, it makes use of two chambers wherein in the said first chamber sea water is used and in the said second chamber warm fresh water along with alkaline salt is used, in between the two chambers a de-mister is mounted so as to prevent mixing of sea water with fresh water. The patentee mentions about absorption of only S02 in this system.
US Patent 9,044,744, focuses on a catalyst required for treatment of exhaust gases, the catalyst mainly comprises of copper loaded zeolites along with varying ratios of silica-to-alumina. The patent describes the principles of SCR's (Selective Catalytic Reduction). Many SCR techniques are generic and no-longer a black box
US Patent 9,216,376, this patent pertains to marine engine application wherein the exhaust gas is made to pass through various chambers filled with sea water. The sea water is dosed with various proportions of alkaline salts. All the salts used for dosing react with polluting components of exhaust gases and various acids are formed as a by-product of the reactions happening in the chambers. These acids are later neutralized and disposed off.
Various patents have also been filed at Indian Patent Office by the overseas patentees under the PCT treaty. Most of the patents have been discussed and studied are pertaining to usage of

Catalyst along with various gases and alkaline solutions. Few patents do mention the use of ammonia gas or Urea for treatment of exhaust gas along with a Catalyst.
US Patent 9,550,176, a latest patent granted on Jan-2017, describes the production method of a typical catalyst composing of Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium loaded Zeolites, activated alumina and others. The patentee here targets the absorption of NOx element from the exhaust gases
Presently a technology evident in new generation heavy commercial vehicles is injection of a 30% aqueous solution of urea into the exhaust system. This solution carries a trade name as AdBlue. Here the AdBlue solution also known as Diesel exhaust fluid is stored in a small tank and is injected through a nozzle using a AdBlue pump into the exhaust pipe just after the engine manifold. The AdBlue solution injected gets vaporized due to the hot temperature of exhaust gases, this vaporization causes the urea to liberate ammonia gas. This ammonia gas reacts with NOx and breaks it down into H20(water) and N2(Nitrogen).
The invention present here was tried using aqueous ammonia solution to react with the hot exhaust gases. The result observed was exactly opposite to what is claimed by the AdBlue manufacturing organizations. Instead of NOx getting broken down so as to liberate N2 gas, rather ammonia was getting broken into N02 and H20 and more NOx was emitted from the exhaust gas.
Keeping the intent of all the above patents intact, the said invention here makes a successful attempt to reduce the NOx content by a huge margin. The necessity to reduce NOx from engine exhaust is felt because of the environmental reasons. Presence of large amount of NOx in atmosphere is responsible for Smog and acid rain. Smog in some cities creates havoc and makes living miserable with ultra-low visibility, forcing airline flight cancellations, train delays, lot of road accidents and breathing problems.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to overcome the lacunas of combustion exhaust treatment system disclosed in prior arts by providing robust and effective treatment mechanism
An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust treatment system enabling treatment of all harmful elements of the combustion exhaust.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a system wherein the green house gases are reduced and global warming is contained.
Another object of the present invention is to reduce the temperature of exhaust gases by humidification.
It is also an object of the present invention to reduce the air pollution happening due to combustion of fuel.
It is also an object of the present invention to make the Environment free from particulate matter which are emanating from exhausts and remain suspended in atmosphere.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide optimized and efficient exhaust treatment system.
These and other features, advantages, benefits and objects of the present invention will become apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art upon careful consideration of the detailed description of a representative embodiment of the invention herein below and the accompanying drawings
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The disclosure can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. The elements of the drawings are not necessarily to scale relative to each other, emphasis instead being

placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the disclosure. Furthermore, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views.
Figure 1 depicts a schematic view of a prior art combustion exhaust treatment system
Figure 2 depicts a typical view of the Combustion exhaust treatment system using AdBlue.
Figure 3 and Figure 4 shows two schemes of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure 5 shows the exomister device sample (prototype) as manufactured
Figure 6 shows the internal details of the exomister sample
Figure 7 shows the physical testing set-up
Figure 8 shows Report of the physical testing done by laboratory
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of various embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the present invention may be practiced. Each embodiment described in this disclosure is provided merely as an example or illustration of the present invention, and should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present invention.

The subject matter of present invention is now described by way of example and with reference to certain illustrated embodiments. Components, process steps, and other elements that may be substantially the same in one- or more embodiments are identified coordinately and are described with minimal repetition. It will be noted, however, that elements identified coordinately may also differ to some degree. It will be further noted that the drawing figures included in this disclosure are schematic and generally not drawn to scale. Rather, the various drawing scales, aspect ratios, and numbers of components shown in the figures may be purposely distorted to make certain features or relationships easier to see.
The embodiments disclosed herein are for the purpose of providing the required description of the present subject matter. These embodiments are only exemplary. Specific details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting the subject matter as defined in the accompanying claims, unless such details are expressly recited in the claims.
The present invention pertains to a Combustion Exhaust Treatment System. More specifically, the present invention pertains to using a unique concept of reducing polluting contaminants getting emitted from combustion exhaust systems.
The present invention provides a scheme for converting the harmful components of combustion exhaust into naturally occurring phases of the relevant gases. The present invention intends to use an alkaline chemical solution which can be formulated easily by any individual end user, more particularly the ratios and availability of commercial grade alkalis. The invention more particularly intends to make use of a widely available alkali Sodium Hydroxide commonly known as Caustic Soda or Washing Soda.

The present invention relates to treatment of exhaust gases from a fuel combustion unit, the said combustion unit need not be limited to internal combustion engine, heating and power generation boilers, heat generating units, heating furnaces. Representatively illustrated in FIGURE 1 is the schematic view of prior art combustion exhaust gas treatment system, wherein the Combustion chamber (1) not limited to internal combustion engine, heat generating unit, fuel burning unit, emits combustion exhaust gases (2) which are made to pass through an anti-smoke chamber (3). The said anti-smoke chamber (3) houses a water shower mechanism in which water is sprayed using spray nozzles (4) and respective piping's. The said water shower is generated with the help of a water pump (7). The said anti-smoke chamber (3) also acts as a reservoir for storage of water. Inside the said anti-smoke chamber (3) there are series of baffles / screens (5) arranged in a peculiar fashion to maximise the efficiency of the mixing process between exhaust gases and sprayed water. The said baffles assist in precipitation of water particles from the mixture of exhaust gas and sprayed water. The said water sprayed is made to pass through a filter (9) where in the entrapped particles are separated from the water before making it to pass through the water pump (7). The exhaust gases (2) gets cooled down under the water shower and become solid particle contaminant free, this exhaust (8) is then released into the atmosphere. Here in the said prior art the pollution treatment is majorly focused on removal of particulate matter.
As shown in FIGURE-2, is one more prior art wherein a chemical fluid (14) is injected into stream of exhaust gases (2) which are getting emitted from the combustion unit (1). The injected fluid is a 30% aqueous solution of urea and is branded as AdBlue. The said chemical fluid (14) is injected using a injector (13) and the necessary pumping is done using a fluid pump (15). Further in the said prior art a catalytic convertor (10) is also present along with a particulate filter (11). The injected AdBlue under the influence of the high temperature of the exhaust gases (2) initiates the decomposition of urea into ammonia (NH3). This ammonia reacts with the NOx

gases into the catalytic converter (10). The catalytic converter works under the principle of SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) wherein the said NOx from the exhaust gas (2) gets chemically transformed into nitrogen (N2) and water (H20). The said system of the prior art as illustrated in FIGURE-2 is evident in New generation commercial trucks. The system is not tried in old vehicles due to requirement of various attachments.
FIGURE-3 and FIGURE-4 is the embodiment of the present invention of treatment of combustion exhaust gases.
As shown in FIGURE-2, is one of the embodiment of the present invention of combustion exhaust gas treatment. Said present invention here makes use of a treatment chamber named Exomister. The said Exomister chamber (20) is a closed chamber with inlet (26) and outlet (27). Inside the Exomister (20) a series of baffles (22) are arranged so as to maximise the mixing while the exhaust gases are flowing through the chamber. The Exhaust gases (2) generating from the combustion unit (1) passes through an expansion chamber (25) and a sound attenuating muffler (12) in a conventional exhaust system. The Exomister (20) is mounted but not limited to be suitably in the present exhaust system just before the muffler (12). The placement of the Exomister (20) in the exhaust system piping has been described to certain illustrative applications, it will be understood that this application shall not be construed in a limiting sense. Various changes and modifications can be made as desired to suit an application of the embodiments without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention. With reference to the illustrative application the inlet (26) of exomister is connect to the outlet of expansion chamber (25). The outlet (27) is in turn connected to muffler (12). A calculated amount of alkaline solution (21) is filled inside exomister (20). The exomister (20) houses a small mist generator (23). The plurarity of mist generator (23) is not limited, rather in the true sense of invention a plurarity of mist generators (23) can be multiplied so as the get better efficiency of the device depending on the size of combustion unit (1) or depending upon the

volume of exhaust gas (2). For smaller combustion units, one or two mist generators (23) would give satisfactory results. For bigger combustion units the number of mist generators (23) and the size of exomister chamber (20) would be proportionately increased. The mist generator (23) is an electrically operated device receiving electrical power from a battery (24). The mist generator (23) does a function of converting the alkaline solution (21) into vapour or gaseous phase. The principle of generation of mist need not be limited to the one illustrated in the embodiment. Mist generators working on various principles could be suitably incorporated without departing from the true spirit of the invention. The types of mist generators available are not limited to heating element type, ultrasonic type or any other type of device which converts the liquid phase of the alkaline solution (21) to gaseous or vapour phase. Conversion of the alkaline solution into vapour by heating yields more better results of pollutant absorption. The said combustion exhaust gas treatment system makes use of a exomister (20) wherein the exhaust gases (2) are made to pass through the inlet (26), inside the exomister (20) a liquid alkaline solution (21) is present which is converted into vapor using the said mist generator (23). The exomister's lower portion also functions as the reservoir for the alkaline solution. Suitable connections are provided on the exomister for filling and draining the alkaline solution. The exhaust gas (2) entering into the exomister (20) are made to move over a series of baffles (22) where the particulate matter impinge on them and get scattered or settled onto the surface of alkaline solution (21). These gases when move further inside the exomister (20), gets a face-off with vapours / mist of the alkaline solution, the exhaust gases with full of contaminants gets mixed with the vaporized alkaline solution. A chain of chemical reactions happen during the course of time which converts the harmful elements of the exhaust gases into their naturally occurring state. This mixture again moves over the balance baffles (22) of the exomister (20) and then leaves the exomister from the outlet (27). The outlet (27) is connected to the muffler (12), which gives adequate time for the chemical reaction to get complete and treat maximum

quantum of the pollutant portion of the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas (8) coming out from the muffler (12) is clean and cooler than what it was without the usage of exomister.
FIGURE - 4, shows a modified variant of the embodiment without deviating from the intent of the invention. A similar exomister type -2 (32) is used here which has an inbuilt alkaline solution (21) storage reservoir, a mist generator (23) is placed inside the exomister (32). The mist generator is the same as that described in the embodiment illustratively, in figure-3. An exomister connector (31) is placed inside the current exhaust system before the expansion chamber (25). The placement of the Exomister connector (31) in the exhaust system piping has been described to certain illustrative applications, it will be understood that these applications shall not be construed in a limiting sense. Various changes and modifications can be made as desired to suit an application of the embodiments without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention. The mist generator (32) converts the alkaline solution (21) into vapour / mist. A piped connection is introduced between the exomister (32) and the connector (31). The connector (31) makes use of a Venturi Effect wherein the speed of exhaust gases is increased, this causes vacuum in the pipe connecting the exomister (32) with the connector (31). A breather is connected to the exomister (32) to prevent cavitation due to suction / vaccum created be the connector as explained earlier. The mist / vapour generated inside the exomister gets moving towards the connector under the influence of the suction and starts getting mixed with the stream of exhaust gas (2). The venture effect generated in the present embodiment is different from that stated in US Patent 6,032,462 wherein the venture sucks the water directly as against in the present embodiment the vaporised alkaline solution is sucked using the venture principle. This mixture moves further through the other units of the exhaust system namely expansion chamber (25), muffler (12) and then finally gets release into atmosphere. While the passage of the mixture through the units of exhaust system, a series of chemical reactions between the vaporised alkaline solution (21) and the exhaust gases (2) keeps occurring. The

longer the mixing time provided more and more polluting elements are getting settled or neutralised. The exhaust gas (8) coming out from the muffler in this illustration is much cleaner and cooler than what it was without the exomister. The said alkaline solution in the present embodiment is sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) dissolved in water at 10% dilution ratio. The chemical reactions occurring by using 10% caustic soda solution in the exomister as detailed in the present embodiment which are facilitating reduction of pollution contaminants of the combustion exhaust gases are illustrated below:
A) Reaction with Oxides of Nitrogen:
An oxide of nitrogen is a mixture of nitrogen oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (N02). This mixture when comes in contact with alkaline solution of NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide / Caustic Soda), the outcome is total absorption of both oxides in accordance with the following reaction:
NO + N02 + 2NaOH→ 2NaN02 + H20 The excess of nitrogen dioxide (N02) will react with NaOH as below:
2N02 + 2NaOH → NaN02 + NaN03 + H20 The by-product of the above chemical reactions is Sodium nitrate (NaN02) and Sodium Nitrite (NaN03). These by-products are highly soluble in water; this aqueous solution is used as fertilizers and can be easily absorbed by plants
B) Reaction with Oxides of Sulfur:
Sulfur dioxide (S02) reacts with Sodium Hydroxide as below:
2NaOH + S02 →Na2S03 + H20 The by-product of the above reactions is Sodium Sulfite (Na2S03), this is a highly water soluble salt, the salt acts as a oxygen scavenger and avoids corrosion problems of the exhaust system.

C) Reaction with Oxides of Carbon:
An oxide of carbon is a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (C02). This mixture when contacted with sodium hydroxide, the reaction takes place as below:
2NaOH + CO→ Na2C03 + H2 And
2NaOH + C02 →Na2C03 + H20
The by-product Na2CO3 (sodium carbonate) is water soluble salt with strong cleansing properties. It is useful in degreasing the components of the exhaust system
D) Particulate matter entrapment:
In all the above said reactions there are two by-products for each reaction. One is a salt and another is water (H20). The suspended particulate matter which is a component of the said combustion exhaust gas of the present embodiment gets hitched to these water molecules and become sticky and heavier in weight. These sticky particles while passing through the exhaust system post and within exomister get deposited on the interior striking surfaces and finds difficult to escape into atmosphere along with the stream of exhaust. The mist / vapour generated of the aqueous solution also gets hitched with the particulate matter and unburnt hydrocarbons. This hitching makes them heavier and prevents them from flying out freely

TECHNICAL ADVANTAGES AND ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE
The Exomister - a device for treatment of combustion exhaust gas of the said embodiment enlist numerous benefits, the alkaline solution used chemically reacts with majority of the contaminants of the exhaust gases, the advantages and environmental significance is as below:
The exomister traps all the oxides of nitrogen and converts them into sodium nitrates and water. The oxides of nitrogen which are emitted along with the exhaust gases are very harmful to human beings and causes adverse health effects and breathing problems. The oxides of nitrogen are responsible to formation of smog and acid rains, as well as being responsible to formation of ground level ozone. The oxides of nitrogen also have a negative effect on vegetation, including leaf damage and reduced growth. The exomister is found very much effective in reducing the pollution occurring due the oxides of nitrogen and gives a cleaner and breathable air. The exomister will also help in reducing the smog and acid rain to a large extent
The exomister of the present embodiment also takes advantage of reducing oxides of sulfur. The oxides of sulfur are absorbed by the nasal system and lead to swelling and mucus creation, if the exposure is more then it may lead to lung cancer too. These oxides are also to an extent responsible for acid rain causing bleached spots and chlorosis in plant leaves. The photosynthesis is also affected by oxides of sulfur. The exomister of the said embodiment is a life saver device for minimizing the oxides of sulfur from the combustion exhaust gas.
The exomister also helps in containment of oxides of carbon from getting released in atmosphere by making it to react with the alkaline solution of sodium hydroxide. The oxides of • carbon are the major components of the greenhouse gases. These are responsible for increasing the greenhouse effect and are leading to global warming and climate change. The

exomister of the said embodiment is highly effective in absorbing the oxides of carbon, thereby reducing the greenhouse effect which in turn reduces the global warming.
Further to the above advantages one more advantage of the present embodiment device is the containment of solid particulate matter emitted from the combustion process. The particulate matter effects severely the respiratory system of humans and animals. The exomister is found evident to reduce the particulate matter emission as the exhaust gases are made to pass through it.
The exomister device is a single device invented wherein three gaseous pollutants and all the solid particle pollutants are reduced from the stream of combustion exhaust gas.
While this invention has been described with reference to certain illustrative aspects, it will be understood that this description shall not be construed in a limiting sense. Rather, various changes and modifications can be made to the illustrative embodiments without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.
The foregoing disclosure has been set forth merely to illustrate the invention and is not intended to be limiting. Since modifications of the disclosed embodiments incorporating the spirit and substance of the invention may occur to persons skilled in the art, the invention should be construed to include everything within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
VALIDATION OF EXOMISTER - THE PRESENT EMBODIMENT
An Exomister device as illustrated in the present embodiment is manufactured and the effectiveness was evaluated by measuring the change in level contaminants in an on-road running vehicle. A commercial vehicle powered with a diesel engine is used for performing the

evaluation. The test is being conducted by a laboratory which is recognized by the Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF & CC). A stack monitoring kit is used to record the particulate matter levels and a gas analyser is used to record the gas emission values Figure - 5 shows external view of the exomister Figure - 6 shows internal view of the exomister Figure - 7 shows in-process validation of the exomister Figure - 8 shows result of validation
RESULTS OF VALIDATION:
The validation (testing) of the exomister device of the present embodiment is performed on a commercial diesel vehicle. The polluting parameters measured are particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (S02) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). The baseline values for the said parameters are first recorded without installing exomister. The engine of vehicle in started and made to run in idling condition. The values measured are PM = 9.87 mg/Nm3, CO = 220 ppm, S02 = 23 ppm, and NOx = 12 ppm
In the second test condition of the said embodiment, the said exomister is mounted on the vehicle and dosed with plain tap water. The engine and the mist generator of the exomister is started and the engine is made to run in idling condition, the said stream of exhaust gases passes through the exomister and the values of the said polluting parameters are measured and recorded. The values recorded are PM = 5.21 mg/Nm3, CO = 202 ppm, S02 = 15 ppm, and NOx = 7 ppm. The reduction of the values in terms of percentages is PM = 47.2%, CO = 8.2%, S02 = 34.8%, and NOx = 41.6%
In the third test condition of the said embodiment the exomister is mounted on the vehicle and is dosed with 5% caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) aqueous solution. The engine and the mist generator of the exomister is started and the engine is made to run in idling condition, the said stream of exhaust passes through the exomister and values of the said

polluting parameters are recorded. The values recorded are PM = 4.89 mg/Nm3, CO = 196 ppm, S02 = 11 ppm, and NOx = 4 ppm. The reduction of the values in terms of percentages is PM = 50.5%, CO = 10.9%, S02 = 52.2%, and NOx = 66.6%.
In the fourth test condition of the said embodiment the exomister mounted is on the vehicle and is dosed with 10% caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) aqueous solution. The engine and mist generator of the exomister is started and the engine is made to run in idling condition, the said stream of exhaust passes through the exomister and values of the said polluting parameters are recorded. The values recorded are PM = 3.37 mg/Nm3, CO = 173 ppm, S02 = 7 ppm, and NOx = 3 ppm. The reduction of the values in terms of percentages is PM = 65.8%, CO = 21.4%, S02 = 69.5%, and NOx = 75.0%.
The test was further conducted by dosing the said exomister with 5% ammonia aqueous solution as a fifth test condition. The results were recorded by keeping the engine and mist generator ON and the engine is made to run in idle condition. The values recorded are PM = 3.09 mg/Nm3, CO = 225 ppm, S02 = 13 ppm, and NOx = 27 ppm. The reduction of values in terms of percentages is PM = 68.7%, CO = -2.3%, S02 = 43.5%, and NOx = -125.0%. The negative percentage values for CO and NOx depicts that the pollutants is not decreasing but is increasing. It is understood that using aqueous ammonia gives discouraging results and instead of reducing the NOx, it is tremendously increasing it. This result indicates that usage of aqueous ammonia is not suitable for the said exomister and is not recommended.
VALIDATION SUMMARY:
The validation (testing) of the said invention of the present embodiment has been successfully completed. Compatibility of various concentrations of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is evaluated, effectiveness of aqueous ammonia is also evaluated. The summary of the polluting parameters are tabulated below in table - 1.

Test No,
Test Condition Particulate matter Carbon monoxide Sulfur dioxide Oxides of Nitrogen

mg/Nm3 Reduction Percentage ppm Reduction Percentage ppm Reduction Percentage ppm Reduction Percentage
1 without Exomister 9.37 - 220 - 23 - 12 -
2 with Exomister (Plain Water) 5.21 47.2% 202 8.2% 15 34.8% 7 41.7%
3 with Exomfstor (5% Caustic Soda) 4.89 50.5% 196 10.9% 11 52.2% 4 66.7%
4 with Exomister (10% Caustic Soda) 3.37 60.9% ' 173 2.1.4% 7 89.6% 3 75.0%
5 With Exomister (5% ammonia) 3 09 68 7%, 225 :: -2.334' n 43 5% 27 -125.0%
Table -1, Validation Result Summary
(Negative values depict increase in value of the parameter)

I Claim:
1. A Device for treatment of combustion exhaust gas - Exomister.
Said device exomister is an attachment to the exhaust system of the fuel combustion unit.
Said fuel combustion unit is not limited to internal combustion engine, heating and power generation boilers, furnaces and other heating equipments
Said device is manufactured and validated for reducing pollutant levels from exhaust gases, not limited to particulate matter, oxides of nitrogen, oxides of carbon, oxides of sulfur.
Said device uses alkaline solution (10% caustic soda dissolved in water) as a medium for carrying out reaction with polluting components of exhaust gas.
Said device does not emit any harmful by-products due to the chemical reaction occurring between the said alkaline solution and the combustion exhaust gases.
2. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein, the alkaline solution is vaporized and made to react with stream of exhaust gases
3. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein, the mixer of vaporized alkaline solution and exhaust gases is made to move over series of baffles and screens
4. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein, the vaporization or mist generation of alkaline solution is done using a mist generator, the said mist generator is not limited to electro-thermal vaporizer, thermal vaporizer, ultrasonic mist maker and any other device which is used without departing from the true spirit and scope of invention

5. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the validation is done with various alkaline solutions not limiting to plain water, 5% aqueous caustic soda, 10% aqueous caustic soda, the test results are found to be beneficial and enhancing the treatment of the gases
6. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein the validation is done with alkaline solution of 5% aqueous ammonia is imparting negative effect, thus increasing the pollution levels instead of reducing, usage of ammonia is not recommended with the said device
7. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein an alkaline aqueous solution is used in vaporized form to chemically react with exhaust gases gives sodium salts and water as by-products, the water is released into atmosphere as a mist and performs the action of reducing the exhaust gas temperature and in turn reduces global weather temperature
8. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein a chemical reaction is forced to occur between vaporized alkaline solution and combustion exhaust gases, is claimed to reduce the air pollution levels by 60 to 70% and does not emit any harmful by-products of the chemical reaction
V