FIELD OF INVENTION
[0001] The embodiment herein generally relates to the field of flood water or Excess
River water harvesting. More specifically, the invention provides a coastal reservoir for
storing excess river water diverted from river to sea using laminated geotextile fabric
reservoir.
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART
[0002] A Coastal Reservoir (CR) or Sea Based Reservoir (SBR) is a reservoir that is
primarily created within the marine environment where the mouth of a river is situated.
In general all the flood water is lost to the sea forever and cannot be reclaimed. This
concept deals with preventing the flood water of the rivers from mixing with the sea
water by creating a reservoir with suitable walls with barrier lining between sea and the
shore line. The walls with barrier lining are so designed that it will prevent mixing of
surrounding sea water with the impounded flood water.
[0003] The CR / SBR can have any one of the four configurations: (i) CR / SBR fully
situated within the sea with no contact with the land except by channels or pipes (ii) CR
/ SBR which borders with the land on one side and the other side with the sea, (iii) CR /
SBR which partly covers the river mouth and allows the rest of river to flow in to the
sea, and (iv) CR / SBR that is situated alongside the river mouth. The flood water from
the river thus impounded can be transported to different locations on the land to meet
the fresh water 101 needs. This transportation can be either by pipes / under sea tunnels
/ elevated water ways or a combination of them.
[0004] In the conventional SBR, the designs utilize walls/ breakwaters that are built in
the sea and the walls can separate the sea water from the fresh flood water. The design
for the walls may be different that includes concrete walls, steel walls, sand filled
geotextile tubes and so on.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to develop a SBR or CR design and an alternate
method thereof for storing excess river water diverted from river to sea, which is more
eco-friendly to marine environment.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0006] Some of the objects of the present disclosure are described herein below:
[0007] A main object of the present invention is to provide a coastal reservoir design
for storing excess river water diverted to sea.
[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a coastal reservoir design
that utilizes geotextile based fabric reservoir (GTFR) get floated within the sea.
[0009] Still another object of the present invention is to provide a coastal reservoir
design that utilizes laminated geotextile based fabric reservoir (GTFR) in a
predetermined shape and size.
[00010] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a coastal reservoir
design that contains steel tubes and steel rings to guide the GTFR get floated on the sea.
[00011] Another object of the present invention is to provide a coastal reservoir design
that does not require displacement of people from their location.
[00012] Another object of the present invention is to provide a coastal reservoir design
that does not require any land acquisition.
[00013] Another object of the present invention is to provide a coastal reservoir design
that has minimum or negligible environmental impact and minimum cost requirement.
[00014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a coastal reservoir design
that can store water in large scale.
[00015] The other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent
from the following description when read in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings, which are incorporated for illustration of preferred embodiments of the
present invention and are not intended to limit the scope thereof.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[00016] In view of the foregoing, an embodiment herein provides a coastal reservoir for storing excess river water diverted from river to sea. The coastal reservoir or coastal reservoir design comprises of, a plurality of geotextile fabric reservoir (GTFR), plurality of stainless steel tubes and a plurality of steel rings. The plurality of floating predetermined shaped laminated GTFR of a predetermined size provided for storing flood water. The GTFR is connected to a concrete structure at a mouth of the river near a coastal region. The plurality of stainless steel tubes is provided to keep the GTFR in position and to keep a top section of the GTFR above the sea water level. The plurality of steel rings provided in a wall of the GTFR at regular intervals for hooking the GTFR on to the stainless steel tubes. The river water from the mouth is allowed to fill in the GTFR and made the GTFR float on the sea.
[00017] According to an embodiment, the GTFR is made of materials such as FIDPE, polypropylene and so on. The predetermined shape includes square, rectangle and so on. The GTFR stores the excess river water in the sea by making the GTFR to float within a marine environment or sea. A top most ring of the steel rings provided in the wall of the GTFR is kept in fixed position. The rest of the steel rings are allowed to move up and down along with the GTFR in the sea water. The GTFR is extrusion coated or laminated with PE or PP to make the GTFR water-proof The GTFR stitched at every predetermined length to form the tank like structure to accommodate excess river water in large scale.
[00018] According to an embodiment, the entire GTFR is protected from onslaught of the sea waves by building a geotextile based sea wall or geotextile based break water or rubble based breakwaters at a predetermined distance from the GTFR. The GTFR is formed by stitching multiple layers of fabric together to resist the gushing force of the excess river water. The outer most GTFR walls are made stronger by stitching multiple layers of fabric together to withstand the wave action from the sea. [00019] According to an embodiment, a method for storing excess river water diverted from river to sea. The method comprising the steps of, providing a plurality of floating predetermined shaped laminated geotextile fabric reservoir (GTFR) of predetermined

size for storing excess river water, providing a plurality of stainless steel tubes to keep the GTFR in position and to keep a top section of the GTFR above the sea water level, providing a plurality of steel rings to a wall of the GTFR at regular interval to hook with the stainless steel tubes, connecting the stainless steel tubes to the coastal region, fitting the plurality of GTFR to a concrete structure provided at the mouth of the river near the coastal region, and allowing the river water from the mouth to fill in the GTFR and making the GTFR float on the sea.
[00020] According to an embodiment, the method further comprising the steps of, keeping a top most steel ring fixed and allowing rest of the steel rings to float in the water, building a geotextile based sea wall or break water at a predetermined distance from the GTFR to protect GTFR from onslaught of the sea waves, and stitching multiple layers of fabric together to form strong walls for GTFR to withstand the wave action from the sea and to resist the gushing force of the excess river water. [00021] These and other aspects of the embodiments herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating preferred embodiments and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the embodiments herein without departing from the spirit thereof, and the embodiments herein include all such modifications.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[00022] The detailed description is set forth with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. The use of the same reference numbers in different figures indicates similar or identical items.
[00023] Fig. 1.1 illustrates the conventional coastal reservoir of type I, according to the prior art herein;

[00024] Fig. 1.2 illustrates the conventional coastal reservoir of type II, according to the
prior art herein;
[00025] Fig. 1.3 illustrates the conventional coastal reservoir of type III, according to
the prior art herein;
[00026] Fig.2 illustrates an exemplary model of the geotextile based fabric reservoir,
according to an embodiment herein;
[00027] Fig.3.1 illustrates the side view of the exemplary model of the geotextile based
fabric reservoir, according to an embodiment herein;
[00028] Fig.3.2 illustrates the top view of the exemplary model of the geotextile based
fabric reservoir, according to an embodiment herein; and
[00029] Fig.4 illustrates the exemplary model of the detailed view of the geotextile
based fabric reservoir, according to an embodiment herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[00030] The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details
thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments and
detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and
processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments
herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of
ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of
skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should
not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
[00031] As mentioned above, there is a need for a coastal reservoir for storing excess
river water diverted from river to sea. The embodiments herein achieve this by
providing a geotextile based fabric reservoir. Referring now to the drawings, and more
particularly to FIGS. 1 through 4, where similar reference characters denote
corresponding features consistently throughout the figures, there are shown preferred
embodiments.

[00032] Fig. 1.1 illustrates the conventional coastal reservoir of type I 100a, according to the prior art. The conventional costal reservoir of type I comprises of a geotextile membrane 102 that is anchored 106 in a sea bed 302. The geotextile membrane 102 separates the fresh water 101 or excess river water 101 or flood water diverted to the sea. A wall created using sand filled geotextile tube 104 to prevent the fresh water 101 from getting more salinity in the sea. Hence, there may be a possibility of mixing of sea water 105 with the fresh water 101 after certain period. Near to the geotextile membrane 102, small quantity of the fresh water 101 may get mixed with the sea water 105 and may form brackish water 103.
[00033] Fig. 1.2 illustrates the conventional coastal reservoir of type II 100b, according to the prior art. The conventional costal reservoir of type II comprises of a geotextile membrane 102 that is anchored 106 in a sea bed 302. The geotextile membrane 102 separates the fresh water 101 or excess river water 101 or flood water diverted to the sea. A wall or primary barrier 108 is created using concrete / rubble material to prevent the fresh water 101 from getting more salinity by the sea water 105. Further, the geotextile membrane 102 act as a secondary barrier for the fresh water 101 to prevent mixing of sea water 105 with the fresh water. More specifically, the primary barrier 108 prevents the unwanted water 105 is from mixing with the fresh water. In between the primary barrier 108 and secondary barrier a buffer zone 107 is formed due to mixing of fresh water 101 with the unwanted water 105.
[00034] Fig. 1.3 illustrates the conventional coastal reservoir of type III 100c, according to the prior art. The conventional costal reservoir of type III comprises of a wall 104 created using sand filled geotextile tube to create barrier wall. This barrier wall act as a secondary barrier to the reservoir. Further, again after a predetermined distance from the secondary barrier, another barrier 109 or wall is created using sand filled geotextile tubes 104. This barrier or wall 109 is formed with more thickness and the height is also more than the sea level 303.
[00035] Fig.2 illustrates an exemplary model 200 of the geotextile based fabric reservoir 202, according to an embodiment. The exemplary model of the geotextile

based fabric reservoir 202 is provided for storing excess river water 101 diverted from river to sea. The coastal reservoir or coastal reservoir design comprises of, a plurality of geotextile fabric reservoir 202 (GTFR), plurality of stainless steel tubes 402 and a plurality of steel rings. The plurality of floating predetermined shaped laminated GTFR
202 of a predetermined size provided for storing flood water. The predetermined shape
includes square, rectangle and so on. The GTFR 202 is made of materials such as
FIDPE, polypropylene and so on. The GTFR 202 is connected to a concrete structure at
a mouth 301 of the river near a coastal region 201. The GTFR 202 is extrusion coated
or laminated with PE or PP to make the GTFR 202 water-proof The GTFR 202
stitched at every predetermined length to form the tank like structure to accommodate
excess river water 101 in large scale.
[00036] According to an embodiment, the entire GTFR 202 is protected from onslaught of the sea waves by building geotextile based or rubble based break water
203 at a predetermined distance from the GTFR 202. The GTFR 202 is formed by
stitching multiple layers of fabric together to resist the gushing force of the excess river
water. The outer most GTFR 202 walls are made stronger by stitching multiple layers
of fabric together to withstand the wave action from the sea.
[00037] Fig.3.1 illustrates the side view 300a of the exemplary model of the geotextile based fabric reservoir 202, according to an embodiment. The coastal reservoir requires the place where the river is entering the sea. Further, in the path where the river is entering the sea provided with a protruding concrete slab 404 cum walls to guide the river flow, under which the GTFR 202 or synthetic textile tray shaped sheet may be supported. The river flows directly into the GTFR 202 or textile based reservoir. From the coastal region 201 the GTFR 202 can be installed in the sea water 105 with a predetermined length (for example multiples of 100 meters) and breadth (for example 10,000 meters). The geotextile fabric membrane 102 is kept at a height just above the sea level 303. Once the river water 101 filled in the GTFR 202, the geotextile membrane 102 may float just above the sea bed 302. The GTFR 202 gets filled and takes the shape of the truncated rectangular or square reservoir. Hence the fresh water

101 or river water 101 has less density compared to the sea water 105. When the water is depleted the whole tank may float upward since PP / HDPE is lighter than water and may float up if there is no downward pulling force.
[00038] Fig.3.2 illustrates the top view 300b of the exemplary model of the geotextile based fabric reservoir 202, according to an embodiment. The fabric of the reservoir where the flood water enter must be made strong enough (multiple layers of the fabric stitched together) to resist the gushing force of the flood water. Similarly, the outer most fabric reservoir walls must be made stronger (by stitching multiple layers) to withstand the wave action from the sea.
[00039] Fig.4 illustrates the exemplary model of the detailed view 400 of the geotextile based fabric reservoir 202, according to an embodiment. The detailed view 400 of the geotextile based fabric reservoir 202 shows the position of steel rings 401 and stainless steel tubes 402. The plurality of stainless steel tubes 402 is provided to keep the GTFR 202 in position and to keep a top section of the GTFR 202 above the sea water 105 level. The plurality of steel rings 401 provided in a wall of the GTFR 202 at regular intervals for hooking the GTFR 202 on to the stainless steel tubes 402. The river water 101 from the mouth 301 is allowed to fill in the GTFR 202 and made the GTFR 202 float on the sea. The GTFR 202 stores the excess river water 101 in the sea by making the GTFR 202 to float within the marine environment. Top most ring of the steel rings 401 provided in the wall of the GTFR 202 is kept in fixed position. The rest of the steel rings 401 are allowed to move up and down along with the GTFR 202 in the sea water 105. Equal distance 403 between two stainless steel tubes 402 is maintained to balance the force. The fresh water 101 can be retrieved from the GTFR 202 according to the requirement using pumps or other fluid transport systems.
[00040] According to an exemplary embodiment, the GTFR 202 can be made up of a number of rectangular shaped geo fabric tanks of 100 meters wide and 10, 000 meters long. The tank can be stitched at every 500 m / 1000 meters and the walls are also stitched to form the tank like structure. A 10 km wide floating reservoir can have 100 ( 10, 000 / 100 ) such floating rectangular shaped smaller reservoirs where each

reservoir is hooked to the stainless steel tubes 402 to keep them in place and to keep the
top section of the reservoir above the sea water 105 level. The top of fabric may be kept
1 to 2 meters higher than the normal sea level 303. The river stream will discharge its
water in to each of these 100 rectangular tanks. Ignoring the weight of HDPE or PP
which have densities less than fresh water 101 / sea water 105, and hence can always
float in the water.
[00041] According to an exemplary embodiment, the net upward buoyancy force can
be calculated as flows:
[00042] Density of sea water = 1029 kg / cubic meter
[00043] Density of fresh water = 1000 kg / cubic meter.
[00044] Net upward buoyancy / cubic meter of water stored in the floating reservoir =
Volume x Difference in density x g = 1 x (1029-1000) x 10 = 290 N
[00045] Wherein the 'g' represents gravitational force of earth. That is g= 9.8m/s2
approximately 10m/s2.
[00046] Thus for every cubic meter of water stored, the reservoir will experience 290
N upward lift and required to add some form of weight so that the fabric reservoir can
just touch the sea bed 302 under full load and also to keep the shape of the reservoir.
[00047] According to an embodiment, at the mouth 301 of the river, the GTFR 202 is
fitted under (below) the mouth 301 shaped concrete slab 404 / structure and fastened to
it. All the other sides of the fabric tank are hooked to the vertical steel tubes 402 and
the steel rings 401 slide along the vertical tube as the water gets filled or depleted.
[00048] According to an embodiment, a method for storing excess river water 101
diverted from river to sea. The method comprising the steps of, providing a plurality of
floating predetermined shaped laminated geotextile based fabric reservoir 202 (GTFR
202) of predetermined size for storing excess river water, providing a plurality of
stainless steel tubes 402 to keep the GTFR 202 in position and to keep a top section of
the GTFR 202 above the sea water 105 level, providing a plurality of steel rings 401 to
a wall of the GTFR 202 at regular interval to hook with the stainless steel tubes 402,
connecting the stainless steel tubes 402 to the coastal region 201, fitting the plurality

of GTFR 202 to a concrete structure provided at the mouth 301 of the river near the coastal region 201, and allowing the river water 101 from the mouth 301 to fill in the GTFR 202 and making the GTFR 202 float on the sea.
[00049] According to an embodiment, the method further comprising the steps of, keeping a top most steel ring 401 fixed and allowing rest of the steel rings 401 to float in the water, building a geotextile based sea wall at a predetermined distance from the GTFR 202 to protect GTFR 202 from onslaught of the sea waves, and stitching multiple layers of fabric together to form strong walls for GTFR 202 to withstand the wave action from the sea and to resist the gushing force of the excess river water. [00050] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

We Claim:
1. A coastal reservoir for storing excess river water diverted from river to sea
comprises of:
a plurality of floating predetermined shaped laminated geotextile fabric
reservoir 202 (GTFR) of a predetermined size provided for storing flood water;
wherein the GTFR 202 is connected to a concrete structure at a mouth 301 of
the river near a coastal region 201;
characterized in that
a plurality of stainless steel tubes 402 provided to keep the GTFR 202 in
position and to keep a top section of the GTFR 202 above the sea water 105
level;
a plurality of steel rings 401 provided in a wall of the GTFR 202 at regular
intervals for hooking the GTFR 202 on to the stainless steel tubes 402; and
wherein the river water 101 from the mouth 301 is allowed to fill in the GTFR
202 and made the GTFR 202 float on the sea.
2. The coastal reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the GTFR 202 is made of materials such as FIDPE, polypropylene and so on.
3. The coastal reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the predetermined shape includes square, rectangle and so on.
4. The coastal reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the GTFR 202 stores the excess river water 101 in the sea by making the GTFR 202 to float above the sea level 303.
5. The coastal reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein a top most ring of the steel rings 401 provided in the wall of the GTFR 202 is kept in fixed position; and

wherein the rest of the steel rings 401 are allowed to move up and down along with the GTFR 202 in the sea water 105.
6. The coastal reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the GTFR 202 is extrusion coated or laminated with PE or PP to make the GTFR 202 water-proof
7. The coastal reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the GTFR 202 stitched at every predetermined length to form the tank like structure to accommodate excess river water 101 in large scale.
8. The coastal reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the entire GTFR 202 is protected from onslaught of the sea waves by building a geotextile based sea wall at a predetermined distance from the GTFR 202.
9. The coastal reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the GTFR 202 is formed by stitching multiple layers of fabric together to resist the gushing force of the excess river water.
10. The coastal reservoir as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer most GTFR 202 walls are made stronger by stitching multiple layers of fabric together to withstand the wave action from the sea.
11. A method for storing excess river water diverted from river to sea comprising the steps of,
providing a plurality of floating predetermined shaped laminated geotextile
based fabric reservoir 202 (GTFR) of predetermined size for storing excess
river water;
providing a plurality of stainless steel tubes 402 to keep the GTFR 202 in
position and to keep a top section of the GTFR 202 above the sea water 105
level;

providing a plurality of steel rings 401 to a wall of the GTFR 202 at regular interval to hook with the stainless steel tubes 402; connecting the stainless steel tubes 402 to the coastal region 201; fitting the plurality of GTFR 202 to a concrete structure provided at the mouth 301 of the river near the coastal region 201; and
allowing the river water 101 from the mouth 301 to fill in the GTFR 202 and making the GTFR 202 float on the sea. 12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the method further comprising the steps of,
keeping a top most steel ring 401 fixed and allowing rest of the steel rings 401 to float in the water;
building a geotextile based sea wall at a predetermined distance from the GTFR 202 to protect GTFR 202 from onslaught of the sea waves; and stitching multiple layers of fabric together to form strong walls for GTFR 202 to withstand the wave action from the sea and to resist the gushing force of the excess river water.