Field of the Invention

In the Present Invention relates to the cable fault detection which are lying under the earth

Background of the Invention

Neither the hot sunny day nor the rain is to influence it. But when the cable breaks due to some reasons it's very difficult to locate where exactly it has disconnected. Currently what is done is they find the approximate location and dig the cables out from the location and check it manually to find the exact point of discontinuity.

Objective of the Invention

n the present invention relates to develop a vehicle which can help us to locate the break from an external point. When an underground cable is broken or Short- circuited then our vehicle will move over it and locate the exact position of discontinuity.

Summary of the Invention

SIGNAL INJECTOR (102):This signal injector is used to inject current to the underground faulty wire. This current flow makes a magnetic field or Radiofrequency radiation around the wire. The input frequency is approximately 50Hz to 30kHz.

MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR (103): This is an inductor for receiving magnetic field from underground cable and converts it in to an electric voltage. The magnetic field sensor circuit used here and convert the AC voltage into DC level by the help of LM386 low power amplifier

MICROCONTROLLER (104): The main part of this project is the microcontroller PIC(Programmable Interface Controller) 16F876. It is used to control all logical and digital process and more over serial TX RX control, LCD control Motor control etc. It is a 28 pin DIP.

ALARM AND DISPLAY:It is an indicator used for signal detection, cable fault location, command display etc

MOTOR DRIVE(107 & 108): Robotic locomotion Motor drive is a current driving circuit success with IJLN2003 and supply 3v to 6v power from alkaline battery.

POWER SUPPLY REGULATOR(106): It is used for providing regulated dc voltage to all circuit. The power supply regulator chip used in this circuit is LM7805 regulator.

Circuit Description

The signal generated by the signal generator can be detected using a field sensing coil. A LM 386 amplifier amplifies the signal produced by signal generator. It can be rectified and input to the analog pin RA1 of microcontroller. After the processing the input for controlling the direction of motor is taken from RCO and RC1respectively and LCD connected to port RB. The current for motor is amplified by ULN 2003. The microcontroller is worked sufficiently by a 5V regulated supply. In microcontroller a 20 Mhz. crystal oscillator is used for providing frequency.

Pezos Electric Bussed

Piezoelectric film is the buzz of high pressure after extreme pressure of the piezoelectric ceramic adhesive film on the vibration of sheet metal. When Add AC voltage, it will because the piezoelectric effect, and the generation of mechanical deformation of stretching and shrinkage of the use of this allows the issue of sheet metal vibration and noise.

Way to make the distinction between feedback piezoelectric film is generally divided into buzz-style buzz-chip feedback (self-excited-type) and No feedback-style buzz-chip (external excitation) two. Feedback-type buzz when the film is with feedback oscillator circuit will generate a cavity resonance frequency and the same tone; without feedback-type films can buzz with External oscillator circuit, select any frequency sound Following two piezoelectric film buzz fixed by:

Support the way around - the buzz film diameter fixed on the edge of the resonance cavity, the general non-mining,Fedback-type buzz films and the buzz- chip with the frequency with cavity will have a higher sound. The sound pressure output generated by the external oscillator circuit to promote signal to buzzer sounds.

Node to support the way - will buzz with the film fixed in about the same size in diameter ceramic ring Structure. If properly designed resonator, and with the frequency of the correct type of feedback buzz films Feedback circuit and is, the larger will be able to generate the sound pressure and the correct frequency.

ELECTRIC MOTOR

The main part of the CABLE FAULT DETECTOR is the electric dc motor. The to and fro motion of the table is given by the working of motor with the help of electric circuit and change in its electric polarity. It is a small motor with low capacity and it work in a 12V DC supply.

SENSOR

Sensor is an electric device which senses the presence of anything in between the table movement position. Sensor is fitted in front of the table drive motor shaft in respect to the movement time and table area. The sensor is a potentiometer have three terminals, end terminal are connected to a regulated fixed dc voltage 5 volt. We assume the position of the table is measure the potential difference between the center tap and ground. That is total distance is divided into electrical potential. This voltage processed with the help of an electrical

Technology

Like a normal diode, the LED consists of a chip of semiconducting material doped with impurities to create a p-n junction. As in other diodes, current flows easily from the p-side, or anode, to the n-side, or cathode, but not in the reverse direction. Charge-carriers— electrons and holes—flow into the junction from electrodes with different voltages. When an electron meets a hole, it falls into a lower energy level, and releases energy in the form of a photon.

The wavelength of the light emitted, and therefore its color, depends on the band gap energy of the materials forming the p-n junction. In silicon or germanium diodes, the electrons and holes recombine by a non-radioactive transition which produces no optical emission, because these are indirect band gap materials.

The materials used for the LED have a direct band gap with energies corresponding to near-infrared, visible or near-ultraviolet light.

LED development began with infrared and red devices made with gallium arsenide. Advances in material science have made possible theproduction of devices with ever-shorter wavelengths, producing light in a variety of colors.
LEDs are usually built on an n-type substrate, with an electrode attached to the p- type layer deposited on its surface. P-type substrates, while less common, occur as well. Many commercial LEDs, especially GaN/InGaN, also use sapphire substrate.
Most materials used for LED production have very high refractive indices. This means that much light will be reflected back in to the material at the material/air surface interface. Therefore Light extraction in LED is an important aspect of LED production, subject to much research and development.
ABOUT MIKROC
mikroC is one of the powerful and easy to use software for programming PIC microcontrollers in embedded C. mikroC is a powerful, feature rich development tool for PICmicros. It is designed to provide the customer what the easiest possible solution for developing applications for embedded systems, without compromising performance or control. Applications can be developed quickly and easily using mikroC for PIC microcontrollers. It provides a simple windows based point-and- click environment for developing applications.
PIC and C fit together well: PIC is the most popular 8-bit chip in the world, used in a wide variety of applications, and C, prized for its efficiency, is the natural choice for developing embedded systems. mikroC provides a successful match featuring highly advanced IDE, ANSI complaint compiler, broad set of hardware libraries.
comprehensive documentation, and plenty of ready-to-run examples, demo version is available for download,
ADC LIBRARY
ADC (Analog to Digital Ccmverter) module is available with a number of PIC MCU models. Library function ADC_Read is included to provide you comfortable work with the module.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
Figure 1. Blocic diagram fabricadon of cable tracking vehicle.
The Figure Contains following particulars having then they are (i) Signal Injector (102) (ii) Magnetic field sensor (103) (iii) Micro controller (104) (iv) ULN 2003 Motor Drive circuit (105) (v) Power Supply regulator (106) (vi) Motor drive (107)
(vii) Motor Drive (108).
Figure 2: Circuit diagram of fabrication of cable tracking vehicle
The signal generated by the signal generator can be detected using a field sensing coil. A LM 386 amplifier amplifies the signal produced by signal generator. It can be rectified and input to the analog pin RAl of microcontroller. After the processing the input for controlling the direction of motor is taken from RCO and RCl respectively and LCD connected to port RB. The current for motor is amplified by ULN 2003. The microcontroller is worked sufficiently by a 5V regulated supply. In microcontroller a 20 Mhz. crystal oscillator is used for providing fi-equency.
Figure 3: Electric motor design
The main part of the CABLE FAULT DETECTOR is the electric dc motor. The to and fi-o motion of the table is given by the working of motor with the help of electric circuit and change in its electric polarity. It is a small motor with low capacity and it work in a 12V DC supply.
Figure 4: Front view fabrication of cable tracking vehicle
I
Figure 5: Top view fabricationi of cable tracking vehicle

CLAIMS:

What is claimed is that,

1. A system for detecting a cable comprising of
Signal Injector, Magnetic field sensor, Micro controller, alarm and display, Motor drive, and power supply regulator.

2. Where in the claim 1, that of Vehicle can be used for tracking the cable discontinuity in case of underground cable, used to track the path in which the cable is laid.

3. Where in the system and method of this vehicle can be used to find out the faults in underground electric lines and as well with telephone cables.

4. Where in the system and method of claim 2, can be used in any underground cable path

5. Where in the system and method of fabrication of cable tracking vehicle can be used in underground cable fault detection Reduce manual efforts. Reduce time labor and cost, It involves fewer component and moving parts. It has less wear and long life, It is more accurate and flexible. Where in