Claims:We claim:-

1. Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS), a bullet hit detection system to automate the scoring & reporting procedures and to calibrate the weapons in shorter time using portable image processing based bullet hit detection system comprising of: High Resolution Camera (2) placed behind each Target (4) to detect the shots on the target; The unit is connected to Power over Ethernet Switch (3) placed near the butt area (1); Each cameras (2) placed behind individual targets (4) are connected on LAN to the Processing Unit (5) through a PoE switch (3); Target hit data collected by each camera is sent to the Wi-Fi router (6) through Switch (3) to transmit over to the remote processing software installed in a processing unit (5); The computed results are displayed over the result display unit/console (9) placed at firing place.

2. Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS) as claimed in claim 1,
a) The forex sheets are placed onto the target frame (4)
b) The cameras (2) are placed behind each target frame (4) and are aligned frame to adjust the reference point
c) The cameras (2) are connected to the processing unit (5) through Switch (3) and a Wi-Fi Router (6)
d) Upon firing, the hits are detected by the camera (2) in the form of images
e) Hit images are transferred to the processing unit for Digital Image Processing (DIP) by the pre-installed indigenously developed software
f) The computed results are transferred over to the console placed near firer to analyze the results
g) After completion of the firing, the scores are reflected on the screen of Office In charge(OIC) of firing/FRASS Operator and simultaneously updated to the database.

3. In the Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS) computer software algorithm for digital target spotting and scoring projectile shots on a target, software performs the following steps:
a) Taking an image from camera, executing Digital Image Processing for reducing the error and matching the firer side of the target with the camera side of the image; This image will be considered as reference image
b) Taking first image, executing Digital Image Processing (DIP) and comparing with the reference image for characterizing the hit positions in first shot
c) Storing the results on database
d) Taking second image, executing DIP and comparing with the first image for characterizing the hit positions in second shot
e) Storing the results on database
f) Taking Third image, executing DIP and comparing with the second image for characterizing the hit positions in third shot
g) Storing the results on database
h) Final processing the hits collected in three shots to provide a session score
i) Development of FRASS software for Day firing, Night Firing and database management for real time image processing and accurate detection of bullet hits and calculation of firing score as per requirement in any type of weather on field.

4. Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS) as claimed in claim 1, displays the data set:
a) Grouping Size / distance
b) Display of Mean Point of Impact (MPI)
c) Error distance of MPI from Point of Aim (POA) in X direction
d) Error distance of MPI from Point of Aim (POA) in Y direction and
e) Zeroing distance from MPI.
f) Weapon fore sight tip correction for zeroing of weapon error
g) Weapon back sight knob correction for zeroing of weapon error

5. Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS) as claimed in claim 1, displays the firing results as per firing policy/preselected or user defined scoring system (selection of scoring system is flexible to the user as per their requirements) in the form of:
a) Hits inside First Circle
b) Hits inside Second Circle
c) Hits outside Second Circle but on body figure (combat dress area)
d) Total firing Score.

6. The target (4) in Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS) as claimed in claim 1, uses a forex sheet for pasting the target paper (10).

7. Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS) as claimed in claim 1, the rear side of the target is distempered using preferably a brown color distemper.

8. Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS) as claimed in claim 1, automated range count with database management being wireless network.

9. Camera of the system as claimed in claim 1 is placed behind the target at about 6 to 8 feet away and 2 to 3 feet below the line of fire for accurate detection of bullet hits to eliminate difficulty in detection of bullet hit on multi-colored low contrast images if camera is placed in front of target.

10. Customized portable Camera of the system as claimed in claim 1 stand with ‘Adjustable Sun-Shade’ and provision of camera height adjustment and provision of PAN and TILT adjustment for easy and rapid installation of system.
, Description:FORM 2
THE PATENT ACT 1970
(39 OF 1970)
AND
The patent rules, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10: rule 13)

1. TITLE OF INVENTION
Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS)

2 APPLICANT
Name Nationality Address
Military College of Telecommunication Engineering (MCTE) Indian Military College of Telecommunication Engineering, Mhow, Dist: Indore, Madhya Pradesh-453441

INVENTOR

Dr Rajesh M Bodade,
Nationality Indian,
Address: Professor, Military College of Telecommunication Engineering, Mhow MP

3. PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION

COMPLETE
Following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

4. DESCRIPTION.

DECLARATION OF COPYRIGHT;
A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to (copyright or mask work) protection. The (copyright or mask work) owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all (copyright or mask work) rights whatsoever.

Technical field of invention:
Present invention in general relates to develop a real time Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS) to automate the scoring and reporting procedures of firing practices especially for establishments like Army and in particular to portable image processing based bullet hit detection and scoring system.

Prior art:
Firing is one of the most imp aspects of a soldier’s life. This requires regular practices. Despite well-rehearsed drills firing is quite time consuming. The time required to check and repair the targets consumes a major portion of firing duration. The existing range drill for Small Arm firing is very time consuming due to the requirement of move of firer from the firing point to the target for checking of the bullet hits, recording the scores of each firer and carrying out repair of the targets so that next firer can fire on the same target.
Reducing this time would enable our firers to fire more thereby achieving better accuracy, proficiency and confidence on themselves and their weapons in the long run. Although there are automation system but owing to their high cost, complex equipment profile, difficulty of use at root (unit) levels by technically unskilled manpower and these systems are not being customized to meet the requirement of firing practices of the Indian Army.

US 8620464 B1 discloses visual automated scoring system. A visual automated score system (VASS) is provided to enable computerized accuracy assessment of weapons systems through video photography. Images are fed into a computer which tracks the intended target, detects impact points and then provides human operators with an automatically computed miss distance based on the cross-correlation of at least two video images. The VASS may then provide feedback to the weapons system to correct and direct gunfire.

US 9360283 B1 discloses shooting range target system. A shooting range target system comprises one or more target modules, a server, a range master's display and a shooter's display. Target modules utilize a digital camera and a processor to automatically detect shot locations and communicate them to the server. Target modules may optionally deploy and retract targets and otherwise move targets based on commands received from the server. Shooter's scores are calculated and stored on the server, and displayed to the shooters on shooters' displays and optionally to a range safety officer on a range master's display.

CN 102213567 A discloses intelligent shooting scoring system. The invention provides an intelligent shooting scoring system which is used for relieving the statistics burden of shooting scoring, and improving the accuracy and promptness of shooting scoring. The system comprises a gunshot collecting device, a gunshot signal processing device, a radar sensing device, a radar positioning device, a scoring controller, a memory and an output interface device, wherein the radar sensing device receives instructions of the gunshot signal processing device, sends radar detection signals according to the instructions, collects the information of bullets when the bullets hit a target surface, and transmits the collected information to the radar positioning and processing device; the radar positioning device receives the information of the radar sensing device, and calculates the coordinate of a hitting point through the information; the scoring controller acquires the coordinate of the hitting point, comparing and processing the coordinate of the hitting point and data in a coordinate-loop database stored in the memory, thus the number of loops of the hitting points is obtained; the memory is used for storing the data in the coordinate-loop database for the modulation of the scoring controller; and the output interface device is connected with an output peripheral, and outputs the information of the number of the loops obtained from the scoring controller to the output peripheral.

CN 102538576 B discloses ultraviolet detection type bullet shooting counting system. The invention discloses a UV detecting type bullets statistical system. It is mainly used for a variety of firearms bullets countincluding host, master and slave nodes. The master node is responsible for contacting the master and slave nodes, with counting function from the node. The host sends a command to the master node through the USB bus, the master node through the CAN bus to the slave node broadcast command. Returns from the node to the master node through the CAN bus command to identify and count the results. The command identifies the master node and the count result is returned to the host via USB bus, displayed in the software. From the hardware part of nodes include ultraviolet detection module, filter amplifier module, A / D converter module, counting module and CAN bus module. The main advantages of the present invention is: a way of using UV detection bullet counts, background very weak, high accuracy; nodes can count result from real-time statistics; low power, low cost, flexible installation, simple operation, easy application.

US 20150285592 A1 discloses systems and methods for automated coaching of a shooter. A method for automatically predicting the cause of suboptimal shooting is provided. In some embodiments, the method comprises: providing a plurality of good example reference data to an evaluation function; providing a plurality of bad example reference data to the evaluation function; obtaining training data of a trainee's shot dispersion data; obtaining training data from at least one sensor mounted on the trainee's gun; using the evaluation function to classify the training data as good or bad; and, displaying the classification on a screen as feedback.

US 20110170798 A1 discloses gunshot detection system and method. A device and a method for use in detection of a muzzle flash event are described. The device can include a Photo Detector Array (PDA), sensitive in at least a portion of the NIR and SWIR spectrum, and a filter of electromagnetic radiation selectively passing in this portion a spectral range of low atmospheric transmission, the PDA has an integration time shorter than duration of the muzzle flash event.

US 20110315767 A1 discloses automatically adjustable gun sight. Apparatus for viewing, imaging and processing the trace of a high speed bullet aimed at a desired target including apparatus to replay and review the trace image to more accurately determine the path of the bullet and it’s actual or intended point of impact. The processed information can be used to determine, or directly measure, the “miss-distance” between the desired target point and what is, or would be, the impact point of the bullet. The miss-distance information can be used to aid automatically re-aiming the weapon (e.g., rifle, gun) firing the bullet to compensate for the miss-distance.

CN 201780057 U discloses automatic target-scoring system. The utility model provides an automatic target-scoring system comprising a front-end video collecting system, a signal transmission system and a terminal display system. The front-end video acquisition system comprises a plurality of video cameras for collecting video data, the signal transmission system is used for transmitting the video data which is collected by the front-end video collecting system to the terminal display system, the terminal display system comprises an analysis subsystem, a display subsystem, and a connecting subsystem, wherein the analysis subsystem is used for analyzing the received video data and sending the video data acquired through analysis to the display subsystem which is used for displaying a video data result, the terminal display system is all integrated into a suitcase which comprises a case body and a case cover, and the case body and the case cover are connected through the connecting subsystem. The system provided by the utility model can display scores on a display terminal in real time and solves the problem of inconvenient equipment carrying and realizes the real-time target-scoring function while keeping original low cost.

Therefore to avoid the drawbacks of the existing systems and techniques there is need to indigenously design and develop a novel mechanism and technique for automating the firing practices and competitions at Training centers and unit/formations of defense establishments. Hence the present invention designs and develops a Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS).

Object:

1. Primary object of the present invention is to provide a Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS) to automate the firing practices and competitions at Training centers and unit/formations of defense establishments to save time, manpower, ammunition and recurring cost required for firing.

2. Another object of present invention is to provide indigenous solution which is customized for requirements of Army at affordable low cost compared to existing commercially available systems like Location of Bullet Miss ad Hit (LOMAH) by SUIS ASCOR.

3. Another object of the present invention is to provide a real time image processing based bullet hit detection and scoring system.

4. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a low cost, easy to install and easy to operate by technically un-skilled manpower/operator, user friendly, easily portable, accurate and reliable solution.

5. Yet another object of the present invention is to enable units/formations / training centers for easy deployment and utilize the system.
6. Yet another object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for the firers to move to the target for checking the bullet hits, calculation of group size and repairing of targets.

7. Yet another object of the present invention is to saves a lot of time, effort and resources thereby facilitating more firing to be carried out in a given time frame with minimal manpower and resources.

8. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide auto checking of health of target (density of bullet hits and damage to the target) during firing to avoid frequent repair of target and its replacement when it is prone to errors.

9. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide interactive and user friendly graphical user interface which is open for any kinds of changes as per user requirements.

10. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide automatic result storage/ recording in different format as per user requirements.

11. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide automated range count with database management being wireless network.

12. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide easily installable system which can be operated even by any unskilled/non technical person.

13. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide Groping results with locations of bullet hits on target, grouping distance, Mean Point of Impact (MPI) etc. for clear understanding of type of errors committed by the firer and errors of weapon.

14. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide Zeroing results with locations of bullet hits on target, Mean Point of Impact (MPI), Error in x-direction, error in y-directions and respective corrections to be carried out for zeroing of weapons for clear understanding of type of errors committed by the firer and errors of weapons and easy and fast correction in weapon error thereon.

15. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide firing results with total firing score, locations of bullet hits on target, number of bullet his inside first circle, those in side third circle and those outside second circle etc as per format and requirement of firing practice and competition. Selection of first circle, second circle etc. and scoring points for each circle is dynamic and user can configure it on a go with a help of mouse clicks as per requirements

16. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide firing results in different format- Results of all eight firers of detail (one detail is a group of eight firers who carry out firing together in a group) in the group together, result of individual firer, result of complete competition, result of selected firers etc.

17. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide the firing results of Night Firing practices/competition under external low light illumination source (bulb) as target illumination system.

18. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide the firing results of Night Firing practices/competition under fixed small duration (30 second to 45 second ) illumination round fired from the Mortar, in which level of illumination is varying.

19. Yet another object of the present invention is to place the camera behind the target such that it is below line of fire for its protection from getting hit /damaged by the live bullet.

20. Yet another object of the present invention is to place the camera behind the target for ease of detection of bullet hits in varying light intensities across the day-morning to night, across the seasons- cloudy weather to bright sunny weather, due to better contrast of white bullet hole on brown background of target sheet. In the firing practices/competitions of Indian Army, unlike shooting competitions the target is not simple and circles on plane background but is it multi-colored combat dressed poster/image of enemy solider/man so placement of camera in front of target causes following two major problems:
(a) First, under varying light condition and on combat dressed, multicolor target images, it is not practically possible to detect all bullet holes accurately from front side camera due to varying and low contrast.
(b) Secondly, in the firing practices of army, it is not the rubber bullets but real live bullets and real weapons like Insas rifle, LMG, AK-47 etc. are used by both trained solider and under training/untrained new recruits therefore, placing camera in front of target will have more chances of bullet hitting camera causing permanent damage to the camera because camera being in the line of fire.
21. Yet another object of the present invention is to use of low cost Forex sheet as target sheet by pasting target paper on front side (firer side) and distempered by brown color on camera side (rare side) instead of existing tin sheet to reduce the recurring cost of firing on fabrication/procurement of target sheets.

Other objects, features and advantages will become apparent from detail description and appended claims to those skilled in art.

STATEMENT:
Accordingly following invention provides a Firing Range Automatic Scoring System (FRASS). FRASS is an innovative, real time and image processing based bullet hit detection and scoring system. FRASS is a low cost, easy to install, accurate and reliable solution to automate firing practices at unit level to save time, manpower and money. FRASS has been developed, using non-proprietary open source computer vision software, on easily available commercial equipment. FRASS works on the principle of image processing. The system consists of high resolution cameras placed behind each target, connected to a processing unit and a Wi-Fi router through a Power over Ethernet (PoE) switch placed at the butt area. To aid in the detection of the bullet hits on the target, it is essential to use a forex sheet instead of the tin/ metallic sheet for pasting the target paper. The rear side of the target (forex sheet) is distempered with brown color distemper, for aiding in the detection of bullet hits by the cameras placed behind each target even is large variation in light intensity. Eight cameras placed behind eight targets are connected on a LAN to the processing unit through a PoE switch. Once the firer fires, bullet hits on the target are captured by the cameras and the image is sent to processing unit which is a laptop installed with FRASS software developed by the MCTE for analysis, accurate detection of bullet hits, elimination of false bullet hit created due to noise, calculation of distance of each bullet hole from center (bull eye) / Point of Aim (POA), calculation of firing/zeroing/groping score, calculation of Mean Point of Impact (MPI) etc. The captured results are thereafter transferred to the firing point console through a Wi Fi router connected to the switch. The firing point console is also and PC/Laptop and/or smart phones or Tablets which is used for display firing/zeroing/groping results the firing officer and the individual firers. Software displays zeroing, grouping and firing scores on the PC/laptop/ smart phone/Tab. The firing scores are stored in the database for record and further analysis. The preferred embodiment mainly comprises of IP cameras, power on Ethernet switch, laptop/PC, Wi-Fi routers, target stand, camera stand, power backup UPS, forex sheets, etc.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING:
This invention is described by way of example with reference to the following drawing where,

Figure 1 of sheet 1 shows the connectivity diagram.
Where,
1 denotes Butt area
2 denotes Cameras
3 denotes PoE switch
4 denotes Target
5 denotes Processing for FRASS operator and result unit for Firing officer
6 denotes Wi-Fi router
7 denotes 50-1000 Meter distance between target and firer (Butt Area and Firing Point)
8 denotes Firing point (which can be anywhere, from 10 meter to 1000 meter, away from target or butt area)
9. denotes firer
10. denotes Tab/smart phone for display of firing results to each firer

Figure 2 of sheet 2 shows the target frame.
Where,
1 denotes Iron/Wooden frame of appropriate dimentions.
2 denotes Front side (Firer side) of the target. Target paper (Figure-11 target paper) pasted on Forex sheet.
3 denotes Back side (camera side) of the target. Forex sheet is distempered on rear side.
4 denotes clips to hold target on target frame.

Figure 3 of sheet 3 shows typical installation of FRASS on firing range
Where,
1 denotes Front view (Firer side) of targets placed on butt area
2 denotes Rear view (Camera side) of targets placed on butt area
3 denotes placement of cameras below the line of fire
4 denotes customized and portable camera stands with provision of height adjustment and PAN-TILT adjustment
5 denotes sun shade on camera
6 denotes side view of targets placed on butt area
7 denotes Figure-11 target paper pasted on forex sheet target
8 denotes brown distemper on camera side of the forex sheet target
9 denotes clips to fix the targets on the target frame

Figure 4 of sheet 4 shows FRASS Processing Unit Interface for FRASS operator
Where,
1 denotes live video/images received from camera
2 denotes detection of bullet holes on the target from video/images received from camera
3 denotes display of bullet hits on the target (Figure-11 Target)
4 denotes details of processing for detections of bullet hits and calculation of firing score
5 denotes firing score along with break up of firing score inside first circle, second circle and outside second circle as per selected scoring system
6 denotes real time status of heath of target
7 denotes selection tabs for target 1 to target 8 corresponding to firer 1 to firer 8 respectively
8 denotes tab to start the processing
9 denotes tab to capture the initial frame for processing
10. denotes tab for auto detection of corners of target and auto alignment of target
11. denotes tab for computation and display of firing result of firer/firing score of the firer
12. denotes tab for computation and display of zeroing & grouping result of
13. denotes tab for realignment of target, in case of displacement of target frame or camera
14. denotes synchronized clock
15. denotes menu tabs of the system used for initial settings and configuration

Figure 5 of sheet 5 shows FRASS user interface for database management and result display, record and analysis unit
Where,
1 denotes pane/row of tabs/fields related to data entry to be carried out before the firing practice/competition
2 denotes pane/row of tabs/ fields related to display of firing results of current firing practices/competitions in different forms/modes as per requirement
3 denotes pane/row of tabs/ fields related to display of records stored firing results of old firing practices/competitions in different forms/modes as per requirement
4 denotes tab/fields for adding details of firing detail/group in the database
5 denotes tab/ fields for adding details of person/firer in each detail/group in the database
6 denotes tab/ fields for creating/defining new scoring policy/system for the firing practices /competition (apart form existing standard scoring system available in the database)
7 denotes tab/ fields for editing /modifying the existing or newly added scoring policy/system as per immediate requirements
8 denotes tab/ fields for viewing the firing result-location of bullet hits on target and firing score, of complete firing detail/ group of eight firers
9 denotes tab/ fields for viewing the firing result (location of bullet hits on target and firing score) of individual firer in a firing detail/ group of eight firers
10. denotes tab/ fields for viewing the groping & zeroing result (location of bullet hits on target, MPI, groping size, errors and corrections required for zeroing of weapons) of each firer in a firing detail/ group of eight firers
11. denotes tab/ fields for displaying firing result as well grouping & zeroing result on Tablet/Smart phone
12. denotes tab/ fields for viewing previous/old firing results detail wise/group wise (with search option)
13. denotes tab/ fields for viewing previous/old firing results selected individual firer (with search option)
14. denotes tab/ fields for viewing firing result summary of current and previous/old firing practices/competitions in desired format (with search option)
15. denotes tab/ fields for viewing firing result summary of current and previous/old firing practices/competitions with respect to firing grades. (with search option)

Figure 6 of sheet 6 shows results of firing in different formats under different tabs of firing result pane of figure 5 of sheet 4.
Where,
1 denotes real time firing result of current firing detail/group on single screen, first 04 in first row and last four in second row
2 denotes firing results of a detail/group
3 denotes firing result summary of a firing practice/competition (current and past)
4 denotes firing /grouping & zeroing results on Tablet /Smart phone
5 denotes firing results of individual firer
6 denotes grouping & zeroing results of individual firer

In order that the manner in which the above-cited and other advantages and objects of the invention are obtained, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be referred, which are illustrated in the appended drawing. Understanding that these drawing depict only typical embodiment of the invention and therefore not to be considered limiting on its scope, the invention will be described with additional specificity and details through the use of the accompanying drawing.

Detailed description:
FRASS is an innovative, real time, image processing based, bullet hit detection system, wherein, the detection of the bullet hits onto the target, recording, analysis and display of the firing score have been automated. It is a low cost, easy to install and operate, user friendly, easily portable, accurate and reliable solution.

System Overview:
FRASS is a highly portable, easily installable system, which can be operated even by any unskilled person. FRASS has been developed, using non-proprietary open source computer vision software, on easily available commercial equipment. FRASS works on the principle of image processing. The system consists of high resolution cameras placed behind each target, connected to a processing unit and a Wi-Fi router through a Power over Ethernet (PoE) switch placed at the butt area. To aid in the detection of the bullet hits on the target, it is essential to use a forex sheet instead of the tin/ metallic sheet for pasting the target paper. The rear side of the target (forex sheet) is distempered with brown color distemper, for aiding in the detection of bullet hits by the cameras placed behind each target. Eight cameras placed behind eight targets are connected on a LAN to the processing unit through a PoE switch as shown in Fig 1. Once the firer fires, bullet hits on the target are captured by the cameras and the image is sent to processing unit for analysis. The captured results are thereafter transferred to the firing point offering console through a Wi Fi router connected to the switch. The software displays zeroing, grouping and firing scores on the laptop. This eliminates the need for the firer to move to the target for checking the bullet hits or for repairing of the target.

FRASS is a camera based bullet hit detection system which consists of four main software modules. Zeroing module for obtaining the size of group, Firing module which detects the score for every hit as per the scoring pattern, Test target module to check usability of target without repairing it for next firer and Database module for maintaining the record of all firing tests. Zeroing module, Firing module, Test target module are installed on a laptop, there are eight cameras for each of the eight firing targets, which are connected to this laptop. One Wi-Fi router is used transfer the firing images and score to the Firing officer console (laptop/PC installed with Database module). The group size and firing score is displayed on it. This eliminates the need to run to the target (after firing of each detail) for checking the bullets hits, calculation of group size, repairing of target, etc. these modules have been developed by in-house implementation of various image processing algorithm.

The user friendly, graphical user interface provided by the software displays the results of the firing on the firing point console. The firing results will be automatically calculated by the software and are updated in the database for display at firing point to the firer / Firing officer and stored for record and further analysis. This eliminates the need for the firer to move to the target for checking the bullet hits, calculating the firing score or for repairing of the targets .

Deployment/ Utilization Procedure:
Before commencement of firing the forex sheets are placed onto the target frame as shown in Fig 3. It must be ensured that the frame does not shake. The cameras will be placed on the camera stands behind each target, aligned to the target frame so as to fix the reference point. The cameras are now connected to the processing unit through a PoE switch and a Wi Fi router. Once the firer fires, the images capered by the cameras hits captured by the camera will be processed processing unit for detection of bullet holes and calculation of firing score, the image of detected bullet holes and the firing score is displayed to the firing officer and each firer on their display console (Laptop/Tab/Smart Phone).

Once a detail (detail is a group of eight firers who carry out firing together in a group) completes the fire, the scores reflected on the screen of officer in charge of firing /operator of FRASS (as shown in Fig 4 and Fig 6) will also be updated automatically in the database. The next detail can now fire without any repairing of the targets. This eliminates the need for the firers to move to the target for checking the bullet hits, calculation of group size and repairing of target. This saves a lot of time, effort and resources thereby facilitating more firing to be carried out in a given time frame.

Salient Features:
The salient features of the system are as follows:-
(a) System has been indigenously developed by MCTE using open source functions and commercially available off the self equipment (COTs Eqpt)
(b) It has two modes operation: Day firing and Night firing with bulb illumination and Night firing with light of mortar fired illumination
(b) It is a extremely low cost (as compared to commercially available system like LOMAH), easy to install, precise and steadfast practical solution to automate existing firing practices/competitions
(c) It is very easy to operate system by any unskilled non-tech solider/person. It just required four to five mouse clicks to operate it.
(d) It is portable, easy to maintain and easy to replace components.
(e) Auto checking of health of target enabling no frequent repair of targets /automatic repair of targets.
(f) Auto result recording and compilation process. Results are stored for future record and analysis.
(g) It saves time, manpower and money in terms of ammunition and recurring cost of targets/consumables required for firing.
(h) Real time image processing based system.
(j) Real Time coaching to firer, which helps to achieve early and increase confidence on weapon and eliminate fatigue.
(k) Interactive and user friendly graphical user interface.
(l) Automated range with database management with wireless connectivity.

Major Advantages:-
This system has the following major advantages:-
(a) Accurate results.
(b) Grouping and zeroing results with display of Mean Point of Impact (MPI) and weapon corrections.
(c) Firing from any range (distance) varying from 10 mtr to 1000 Km.
(d) Portable system
(e) Easy replacement of components
(f) Customization of user requirements and software upgrades based on user requirements /feedback to achieve desired results/improve the utility of the system
(g) Paperless maintenance of firing records and progress of firers/trainees.
(h) Saving of time and manpower required for firing
(i) It is very low cost system compared to any other commercial system, other systems are costing more than ten times the cost of FRASS.

FRASS has enabled automation of the firing practice at a very low cost, when compared to the existing acoustic sensor based, non-portable system such as Location of Miss And Hit (LOMAH) of SIUS ASCOR. The limitation of LOMAH is that besides the exorbitant cost, it does not allow customization by units, because of design issues. FRASS on the other hand, permits modification as per user requirement since the software is indigenously developed by MCTE Mhow.

Additional advantages and modification will readily occur to those skilled in art. Therefore, the invention in its broader aspect is not limited to specific details and representative embodiments shown and described herein. Accordingly various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general invention concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.