FLUID SYSTEM AND METHOD
This invention relates to a fluid delivery system. Aspects of the invention relate to a
container and method for use in relation to a fluid delivery system. Examples of aspects
relate to a fluid delivery system for a vehicle or other machine. Examples relate to a liquid
circulation system for a vehicle engine.
Many vehicle engines use one or more fluids for their operation. Such fluids are
often liquids. For example, internal combustion engines use liquid lubricating oil
compositions. Also, electric engines use heat exchange liquids for example to cool the
engine, to heat the engine or to cool and heat the engine during different operating
conditions. Such fluids are generally held in reservoirs associated with the engine.
Particular engines may be designed to operate with particular fluids.
WO 01/53663 describes a removable and disposable oil cartridge device linked to an
internal combustion engine regulating interface for manually filling or emptying and
automatically regulating the engine lubricating oil. WO 01/53663 describes a continuous
sensing system concerning the oil level in the engine crankcase.
US 2007/0050095 describes an engine management system.
There remains a need for a replaceable fluid container for an engine, for example a
vehicle engine which seeks to avoid or at least mitigate problems such as inappropriate use
of components or incorrectly fitting of components when replenishing/replacing a fluid
supply to an engine.
According to an aspect of the invention there is provided a method of supplying
liquid to a liquid delivery system in a vehicle in which a replaceable liquid container
including a reservoir containing liquid is releasably coupled in the vehicle to provide
fluidic communication between the reservoir and a liquid delivery system of the vehicle
during operation of the vehicle, the method including the steps of :
(i) prior to establishing liquid communication between the reservoir and the liquid delivery
system of a selected vehicle, communicating with a data carrier carried by the container
and determining data associated with at least one of the container and its contents;
and
(ii) using the data in an analysis of suitability of the container and/or content of the
container for the selected vehicle and generating a suitability output, and
(iii) establishing liquid communication between the reservoir and liquid delivery system of
the selected vehicle in dependence on the suitability output.
In this way, an analysis can be carried out on the container before the liquid is
supplied to the vehicle and a determination made as to the suitability of the container
and/or liquid inside it for a particular vehicle, or type of vehicle. This can reduce the risk
of putting incompatible or incorrect liquid in the vehicle. Alternatively, or in addition, an
analysis can be made before installation of the container in the vehicle as to whether or not
the container is suitable for that vehicle or, for example, for the coupling arrangement in
the vehicle. Alternatively, or in addition, an analysis can be made before installation of the
container in the vehicle as to the condition of the container, or its history. Preferably data
relating to the container and/or liquid in the container is stored in the data carrier.
For example, if the analysis of the data generates a negative suitability output, for
example if the liquid is not compatible with the vehicle, then the installation of the
container into the vehicle can be prevented or aborted. For example, if the analysis
generates a positive suitability output, then the process for the installation proceeds.
In examples of aspects of the invention, the container remains coupled to the liquid
delivery system during operation of the vehicle. Where the liquid delivery system
comprises a liquid circulation system, a part of the container may form an element of the
circulation path. For example, some or all of the liquid circulating in the liquid circulation
system may flow via the reservoir of the container.
In some examples, the liquid is an ancillary liquid of the vehicle. For example, the
liquid may comprise a lubricant.
The liquid may be selected from the group consisting of a lubricant, a hydraulic
fluid, a pneumatic fluid, a washer fluid, a fuel additive. The liquid delivery system may
comprise a fluid circulation system.
In some examples of the invention, the container provides a part of the fluid
circulation system when the container is installed in the vehicle.
The liquid delivery system may comprise a lubricant system. For example, the
lubricant system may be for an engine.
The communication with the data carrier of the container may be carried out by a
device associated with the vehicle. For example, a physical data connection may be
established between the data carrier of the container and the vehicle, or between the data
carrier and a remote device for example a computer device. In other examples, preferably
the data connection is established wirelessly.
The method may further include one or more of: providing data to and/or receiving
data from the data carrier of the container, providing data to and/or receiving data from the
vehicle, providing data to and/or receiving data from an engine control device of the
vehicle.
It is envisaged that aspects of the invention may find application other than in
vehicles, for example in static machinery. The invention may find application for example
in wind turbines, for example for a lubricant system, or for machinery, for example
industrial machinery, or other applications for example in lawnmowers.
Therefore a further aspect of the invention provides a method of supplying fluid to a
fluid delivery system of a machine in which a replaceable fluid container including a
reservoir containing fluid is releasably coupled in the machine to provide fluidic
communication between the reservoir and a fluid delivery system of the machine during
operation of the machine, the method including the steps of :
(i) prior to establishing fluid communication between the reservoir and the fluid delivery
system of a selected machine, communicating with a data carrier (the data carrier
optionally being carried by the container, or located elsewhere) and determining, on the
basis of the communication with the data carrier, data associated with at least one of the
container and its fluid contents.
The data may be further used in an analysis of suitability of the container and/or the
fluid in the container for the selected machine and generating a suitability output, and
establishing fluid communication between the reservoir and fluid delivery system of the
selected machine in dependence on the suitability output.
It is envisaged that the data in the data carrier might be used other than for assessing
suitability of the container and/or fluid. For example, the data may be read and transferred
to a data store, control unit or other in the vehicle or machine. Data relating to the type,
history, or condition of the container and/or liquid for example may be stored in the vehicle
or machine as a historical record of the fluids used in the vehicle or machine. Alternatively
or in addition, data may be used, for example in the operation of the vehicle or machine.
For example, information relating to the type of fluid in the fluid delivery device of the
vehicle or machine may be used to determine a parameter for use of the vehicle or the
machine. For example, if a lower performance fluid were used, the operation of the
vehicle or machine may be restricted or adapted in dependence on an assessment of the
fluid performance.
The method may further include the step of controlling at least one parameter of the
operation of the vehicle or machine in dependence on the data associated with at least one
of the container, and its fluid contents.
The method may include using the information from the data to determine a mode or
parameter of operation of the machine or vehicle.
The method may include the step of communicating data between the container and a
remote communications device. For example, the determination of the suitability of the
container and/or fluid, and/or other analysis of data may be carried out remotely from the
container and/or the vehicle or machine. For example, a remote computer device may be
used. A data connection between the container, the remote device and/or the vehicle or
machine may be wired or wireless. Data communication may be over a
telecommunications network, Internet or other communication means.
The method may include the step of sensing at least one property of a liquid or fluid
in the reservoir of the container, wherein the data comprises data based on the sensed
property of the fluid. The property of the fluid may include at least one property selected
from the group consisting of: the amount of fluid, the temperature of fluid, the pressure of
fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical resistance of fluid, the
dielectric constant of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical composition of fluid and
combinations of two or more thereof.
The data carrier may comprise a memory for storing data. The stored data may relate
to at least one property of the fluid selected from the group consisting of: the amount of
fluid, the temperature of fluid, the pressure of fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the viscosity
index of the fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical resistance of fluid, the dielectric
constant of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical composition of fluid, the origin of the
fluid and combinations of two or more thereof.
The stored data may comprise data based upon at least one sensed property of the
fluid as described herein.
The container may receive data from a remote device and perform an action selected
from the list consisting of: storing the received data in memory; and providing data to the
vehicle, for example an engine control device, in response to the received data.
The analysis of the data may be carried out remote from the container. For example,
the analysis, or other steps of the method may be carried out on-board the vehicle, and/or
may be carried out remote from the vehicle.
In some examples, a controller may be located on or in the container. Some or all of
the analysis or other steps of the method may be carried out on-board the container. For
example a "smart" container may carry out the analysis of the suitablility of the liquid for
the vehicle. Alternatively or in addition, the container may include an actuator for
switching the container between an active or couplable state and an inactive state or one in
which the container may not be coupled to the fluid delivery system, in dependence on the
suitability output. For example, the container may include an internal valve for allowing or
preventing flow of fluid, the container opening the internal valve if the container and
vehicle are identified as being compatible. An actuator may be powered by an on-board
power source, for example a battery, and/or may use power from the vehicle after or during
installation of the container.
Also provided by an aspect of the invention is a container for use in a method as
described herein.
Also provided by an aspect of the invention is a replaceable liquid container for
supplying liquid to a liquid delivery system in a vehicle in which the replaceable liquid
container includes a reservoir for containing liquid, wherein the container is adapted to be
releasably coupled in the vehicle to provide fluidic communication between the reservoir
and a liquid delivery system of the vehicle during operation of the vehicle, the container
also including a data carrier including data associated with at least one of the container and
its content.
The container may comprise a sensor adapted to sense at least one property of a fluid
in the reservoir of the container. The property of the fluid may include at least one
property selected from the group consisting of: the amount of fluid, the temperature of
fluid, the pressure of fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical
resistance of fluid, the dielectric constant of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical
composition of fluid and combinations of two or more thereof.
The container may also include memory for storing data.
Also provided by an aspect of the invention is a replaceable fluid container for an
engine comprising:
a reservoir for holding a fluid;
a fluid coupling adapted to provide fluidic communication between the reservoir and a
fluid circulation system of an engine during operation of the engine; and
a data carrier arranged for data communication with a communications device prior to the
positioning of the container to permit fluidic communication between the reservoir and the
fluid circulation system of the engine.
Providing for data communication between the container and a remote device before
positioning of the container can enable the identification of information relating to the
container prior to fluid in the container being supplied to the fluid circulation system of the
engine. Thus a pre-installation review of the information can be made. The information
may include information about the container and/or its contents, for example one or more
of for example the type of container or its history or condition, and the fluid, its history and
its suitability for the fluid circulation of the engine, or for a type of engine.
Also provided by an aspect of the invention is a method of supplying fluid to a fluid
delivery system in an apparatus in which a replaceable fluid container including a reservoir
containing fluid is releasably coupled in the apparatus to provide fluidic communication
between the reservoir and a fluid delivery system of the apparatus during operation of the
apparatus, the method including the steps of :
(i) communicating with a data carrier carried by the container and determining, on the
basis of the data communication with the data carrier, data associated with at least one of
the container and its liquid contents.
The fluid may comprise an ancillary fluid of the apparatus. The fluid may for
example be selected from the group consisting of a lubricant, a hydraulic fluid, a
pneumatic fluid, a washer fluid, a fuel additive.
The apparatus may comprise an engine, or an electrical generation apparatus. For
example, the apparatus may comprise a movable or stationary machine. The apparatus
may comprise a vehicle, for example a car. The apparatus may comprise a wind turbine.
Also provided by the invention is a computer implemented method of assessing
containers containing fluid in a system for installation of containers into vehicles, the
method comprising:
receiving, at a container assessment device, a signal indicating that the fluid container is
present;
identifying a vehicle into which the container is to be installed;
in response to the received signal performing the following actions:
obtaining data from a memory at the container, the data including information relating to a
characteristic of the container and/or the fluid in the container;
assessing the suitability of the container for installation into the vehicle; and,
in dependence on the assessed suitability, generating an installation instruction for the
installation of the container into the vehicle.
The computer implemented method may further comprise sensing at least one
property of a fluid in a reservoir of the container, wherein the data is based on the sensed
property.
Also provided by an aspect of the invention is a computer readable medium
comprising program instructions operable to program a processor to perform a method
described herein.
The invention further provides a container assessment device for assessing containers
containing fluid in the method of aspects of the present invention. The device may be
partly or fully present in the apparatus, machine or vehicle and/or in a device remote from
the apparatus, machine or vehicle.
Also provided by the invention is a replaceable fluid container for an engine
comprising:
a reservoir for holding a fluid;
a fluid coupling adapted to provide fluidic communication between the reservoir and a
fluid circulation system of an engine; and
a data provider arranged for data communication with a remote communications
device prior to positioning the container to permit fluidic communication between the
reservoir and the fluid circulation system of the engine. In a related aspect of the invention
there is provided a replaceable fluid container for an engine comprising: a reservoir for
holding a fluid; a fluid coupling adapted to provide fluidic communication between the
reservoir and a fluid circulation system of an engine; and a data provider arranged such
that positioning the container to permit fluidic communication between the reservoir and
the fluid circulation system of the engine arranges the data provider for data
communication with an engine control device of the engine.
This and other aspects of the disclosure enable operation of the engine to be inhibited
where a fluid container has not been properly coupled in fluidic communication with the
fluid circulation system of an engine.
In other examples, operation of the engine might be inhibited, or altered in some
manner, for example if a pre-installation analysis had identified that the container and/or
fluid were unsuitable, or sub-optimal for the engine or other component. For example, if a
sub-optimal lubricant in an engine were used, the power or other characteristic of the
operation of the engine might be limited. Similarly, if the use of a premium fluid, or one
having particular advantageous properties were identified, then the operation of the engine
or other component might be altered, for example enhanced.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is also provided a
computer implemented method of facilitating control of an engine, the method comprising:
receiving, at a fluid container, a signal indicating that the fluid container is coupled to the
engine; in response to the received signal performing an action selected from the list
consisting of: providing data to an engine control device; and, providing data to a memory
at the fluid container. This and other aspects enable engine fluids to be easily replaced for
example by a consumer whilst reducing the risk that consumers will use inappropriate
fluids and/or enabling the use of the container to be recorded for example at an engine
control device and/or at the container, to inform for example, subsequent diagnostics and
maintenance.
In another aspect of the present invention there is also provided a replaceable fluid
container for an engine comprising: a reservoir for holding a fluid; at least one self-sealing
coupling adapted to connect said reservoir in fluidic communication with a fluid
circulation system of an engine and a data module adapted to communicate data with an
engine control device when the reservoir is in fluidic communication with said fluid
circulation system.
Communication of data may comprise one of: providing data to the control device;
and receiving data from the control device. The data provider may be arranged to inhibit
communication with the control device unless the reservoir is in fluidic communication
with the fluid circulation system. The data provider may be arranged such that positioning
the container to permit fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system also
couples the data provider in data communication with the control device. The container
may be configured so that arranging the container to permit fluid communication enables
the data provider to be connected for communication with the engine. This connection may
be provided by the arrangement of the container but may also require some additional
further action to make the connection, such as throwing a switch.
These and other examples of the disclosure may provide an interlock to inhibit
operation of an engine unless a selected type of fluid container has been correctly coupled
to the engine.
The data may include data stored on a data carrier for example associated with the
container. This data may for example be accessed before, during or after installation of the
fluid container in the vehicle or other location.
Arranging the container to permit fluidic communication may comprise connecting
the reservoir in fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system via the fluid
coupling. The fluid coupling may comprise a self-sealing coupling arranged such that
connecting the self-sealing coupling to the fluid circulation system arranges the data
provider for communicating data with the control device. The data provider may be
operable to communicate by at least one of: providing data to the control device; and
receiving data from the control device. The data provider may be configured to
communicate with the control device in response to the fluid coupling being coupled to the
fluid circulation system. The data may comprise at least one property of the fluid in the
reservoir of the container.
The control device may, in some examples be located remote from the container.
For example, the control device may be on board the engine or vehicle, or may be mounted
remote, connected by a data communications link.
The container may comprise a sensor adapted to sense at least one property of a fluid
in the reservoir of the container and the data provided to the control device may comprise
data based on the sensed property of the fluid. The sensed property of the fluid may be at
least one property selected from the group consisting of: the amount of fluid, the
temperature of fluid, the pressure of fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the density of fluid, the
electrical resistance of fluid, the dielectric constant of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the
chemical composition of fluid and combinations of two or more thereof. The amount of
fluid includes the absence of the fluid. Thus, the sensor may sense that there is no fluid in
the reservoir and the data provided to the control device comprises data based on at least
one sensed property which includes the absence of fluid in the reservoir of the container.
The data provider may comprise at least one printed circuit board (sometimes called a
PCB). In some examples the PCB is adapted to communicate with the control device
through electrical contacts on the replaceable container adapted to engage corresponding
contacts on or associated with the engine.
The data provider may comprise at least one computer readable identifier for
identifying the fluid, the identifier may be an electronic identifier, such as a PCB, a near
field R communicator, for example a passive or active RFID tag, or an NFC
communicator. RF stands for radio Frequency. RFID stands for Radio Frequency
IDentification. NFC stands for Near Field Communication. The computer readable
identifier may be an optical identifier, such as a barcode, for example a two-dimensional
barcode, or a colour coded marker, or optical identifier on the container. The computer
readable identifier may be provided by a shape or configuration of the container.
The data provider may comprise at least one a memory. The memory may store data
comprising at least one property of the fluid selected from the group consisting of: the
amount of fluid, the temperature of fluid, the pressure of fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the
viscosity index of the fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical resistance of fluid, the
dielectric constant of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical composition of fluid, the
origin of the fluid and combinations of two or more thereof. The amount of fluid includes
the absence of the fluid.
The stored data may comprise data based upon at least one sensed property of the
fluid. The data provider may be adapted to communicate with the control device by
providing data to the control device which data comprises at least part of the stored data.
The data provider may be adapted to receive data from the control device and to
provide data to the control device in response to the received data. Where the data provider
comprises a memory, the memory may be adapted to store data selected from the group
consisting of: data received from the control device; data which comprises at least one
property of a fluid in the reservoir of the container. Data received from the control device
may comprise at least one piece of data selected from the group consisting of an engine
operating condition, a predicted service interval and combinations thereof.
In computer implemented methods of the present disclosure, providing data to a
memory at the fluid container may comprise storing data obtained from the control device
in the memory. Where data is provided into memory in response to a received signal, the
data may comprise data obtained from the received signal, and/or data obtained from a
further signal received from an engine control device, and/or data obtained from a sensor at
the container.
Providing data to a control device may comprise providing data relating to the fluid
container, and the data may comprise at least one property of a fluid in a reservoir of the
container. For example, such methods may comprise sensing at least one property of the
fluid in the reservoir of the container; and providing the sensed data to the control device.
Providing data to a control device may comprise obtaining the data from memory at the
fluid container.
The data provider may comprise a data module. The data module may be
encapsulated, and it may be provided as a single unit however this is optional and the data
module need not be encapsulated. In addition, the term module should not be taken to
imply a single unit or element, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee in the context
of the present disclosure that the module may comprise a plurality of elements which may
be distributed about, or integrated within, or otherwise carried by one or more elements of
the container.
According to at least some embodiments of the present invention, communication of
data between the data module of a fluid container and the engine control device is
dependent upon the presence of fluidic communication between the fluid container and a
fluid circulation system of the engine. According to at least some embodiments, the data
module is adapted such that data is not communicated with the engine control device
unless the reservoir is in fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system of the
engine. This may enable a type of safety interlock to give reliable engine control, for
example based on properties of the fluid, whilst also allowing engine fluids to be quickly
and conveniently replaced.
In other examples, the data module may alternatively, or in addition, provide for
communication of data before installation of the container, or during installation, and/or at
other times.
According to at least some embodiments, the data module is adapted to communicate
data with the control device by providing data to the control device. This may enable
control of the engine operation based upon properties of the fluid.
Alternatively, or in addition, this may enable an assessment to be made, before,
during or after installation of the container of suitability of the container and/or its contents
for installation in a particular location, for example on a particular vehicle.
Thus, according to at least some embodiments the data module is adapted to
communicate data with the engine control device by providing data to the engine control
device, which data comprises at least one property of the fluid in the reservoir of the
container.
This may enable control of the engine operation based upon properties of the fluid.
Thus in at least some embodiments, operation of the engine is adjusted, for example by the
engine control device, in response to at least one property of the fluid in the reservoir of the
container.
According to at least some embodiments the container comprises a sensor adapted to
sense at least one property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container and the data module
is adapted to communicate data with the engine control device by providing data to the
engine control device, which data comprises data based on at least one sensed property of
the fluid in the reservoir of the container.
Examples of suitable properties of fluid in the reservoir of the container which are
sensed include: the amount of fluid, the temperature of fluid, the pressure of fluid, the
viscosity of fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical resistance of fluid, the dielectric of
fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical composition of fluid and combinations of two or
more thereof. The amount of fluid includes the absence of the fluid. Thus, the sensor may
sense that there is no fluid in the reservoir and the data module is adapted to communicate
data with the engine control device by providing data to the control device, which data
comprises data based on at least one sensed property which includes the absence of fluid in
the reservoir of the container.
Thus in at least some embodiments, operation of the engine is adjusted for example
by the engine control device, in response to at least one sensed property of the fluid in the
reservoir of the container, for example in response to changes of at least one sensed
property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container.
Alternatively, or in addition, this may enable an assessment to be made, before,
during or after installation of the container of suitability of the container and/or its contents
for installation in a particular location, for example on a particular vehicle.
According to at least some embodiments the data module comprises a memory
adapted to store data which comprises at least one property of the fluid in the reservoir of
the container.
In at least some embodiments the memory is adapted to store at least one property of
the fluid which includes: the amount of fluid, the temperature of fluid, the pressure of fluid,
the viscosity of fluid, the viscosity index of the fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical
resistance of fluid, the dielectric of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical composition of
fluid, the origin of the fluid, an identifier of the fluid in the reservoir, the grade of the fluid,
the date on which the fluid was filled or replaced in the reservoir and combinations of two
or more thereof. The amount of fluid which is stored may include the absence of the fluid.
According to at least some embodiments the memory is adapted to store data which
comprises at least one property of the fluid in the reservoir which is an initial property of
the fluid in the reservoir. In at least some examples, this initial property data is pre
programmed into the memory.
Examples of suitable initial properties of the fluid in the reservoir of the container
which are stored include: the amount of fluid, the temperature of fluid, the pressure of
fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the viscosity index of the fluid, the density of fluid, the
electrical resistance of fluid, the dielectric of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical
composition of fluid, the origin of the fluid, an identifier of the fluid in the reservoir and
combinations of two or more thereof. The amount of fluid includes the absence of the
fluid.
According to at least some embodiments the memory is adapted to store data which
comprises data based upon at least one sensed property of the fluid in the reservoir of the
container.
Examples of suitable sensed properties of the fluid in the reservoir of the container
on which stored data are based include: the amount of fluid, the temperature of fluid, the
pressure of fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical resistance of
fluid, the dielectric of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical composition of fluid and
combinations of two or more thereof. The amount of fluid includes the absence of the
fluid.
According to at least some embodiments the memory is adapted to store data which
comprises both initial property data and sensed property data. In at least some
embodiments the memory is adapted to store data which is derived (for example by the
data module) from initial property data and sensed property data, for example the
difference between an initial property data and a corresponding sensed property data.
Examples of the stored data which is stored by the memory of the data module include: at
least one property of the fluid in the reservoir which is an initial property of the fluid in the
reservoir; at least one sensed property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container; data
which is derived from initial property data and sensed property data, for example the
difference between an initial property data and a corresponding sensed property data; data
characteristic of the fluid in the reservoir of the container; and combinations of two or
more thereof.
According to at least some embodiments the data module comprises a memory
adapted to store data which comprises at least one property of the container.
According to at least some embodiments the memory is adapted to store data which
comprises at least one initial property of the container.
In at least some embodiments the memory is adapted to store data which includes:
the date on which the fluid in reservoir was filled or replaced, a unique identifier of the
container, an indication of whether the container is new, or has previously been refilled or
replaced, an indication of the operating duration of the fluid and/or engine (for example,
the vehicle mileage if the engine is a vehicle engine), the number of times the container has
been refilled or reused, and the total the operating duration of the container (for example,
the vehicle mileage if the engine is a vehicle engine).
In at least some embodiments the data module is adapted to communicate with the
control device by providing data to the control device which data comprises at least part of
the stored data. Examples of the stored data which is provided to the control device by the
data module include: properties of the fluid in the reservoir; initial properties of the fluid in
the reservoir; sensed properties of the fluid in the reservoir; data which is derived from
initial property data and sensed property data; data characteristic of the fluid in the
reservoir of the container; an identifier of the fluid in the reservoir; the date on which the
fluid in reservoir was filled or replaced; a unique identifier of the container; an indication
of whether the container is new; or has previously been refilled or replaced; an indication
of the operating duration of the fluid and/or engine (for example; the vehicle mileage if the
engine is a vehicle engine); the number of times the container has been refilled or reused;
the total the operating duration of the container (for example, the vehicle mileage if the
engine is a vehicle engine) and combinations of two or more thereof.
This may enable identification of a need for the fluid to be changed.
This may also enable a service interval of the engine to be determined and/or
adjusted, for example, by the data module and/or by the engine control device.
According to at least some embodiments the stored data comprises an identifier of the
fluid. This may enable the engine control device to adjust operation of the engine
dependent on the type of fluid. For example, in at least some embodiments, the control
device is configured not to operate unless the provided data indicates that the fluid in the
reservoir of the container comprises a selected type of fluid, for example suitable for the
operation of the engine. According to at least some embodiments the engine control device
is configured to operate the engine in one of two or more modes depending upon the
communicated data. For example, if the fluid is an engine crankcase lubricating oil
composition, the engine control device is configured to operate the engine in one of two or
more modes depending upon the communicated data, for example the type of lubricating
oil composition, for example according to the classification system xWy e.g. 5W30 etc.; or
the origin of the lubricating oil composition. This may prevent or reduce the risk of
inappropriate or counterfeit fluid being used. In some examples the engine control device
is configured to operate the engine according to the quality or type of the fluid, the
condition of the fluid, the temperature of the fluid, the age of the fluid (including whether it
has been used previously), that the correct container has been fitted, whether the container
requires replacement.
According to at least some embodiments, the data module is adapted to communicate
with the control device by receiving data from the control device.
According to at least some embodiments, the data module is adapted to receive data
from the control device and to provide data to the control device in response to the
received data. According to some such embodiments, the data module comprises a
memory adapted to store data which comprises at least one piece of data received from the
control device. Suitably, data received from the engine control device comprises at least
one piece of data selected from the group consisting of engine operating conditions,
predicted service interval and combinations thereof.
According to at least some embodiments the data module is configured to provide
data to the control device in response to data in the form of a signal indicating that the fluid
reservoir is fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system.
According to at least some embodiments, the data module is also configured to
receive a request signal from the engine control device, for example during operation of
the engine, and to provide data to the engine control device in response to the received
signal.
According to at least some embodiments, the data module is configured to provide
data to the control device at periodic or aperiodic intervals. According to at least some
embodiments, the data module is configured to provide data to the control device
continuously, for example whilst the engine is operating.
According to at least some embodiments, the data module is configured to provide
data based on at least one sensed property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container, to
the engine control device in the event that a sensor senses that a property of the fluid in the
reservoir of the container has one of a selected number of values, e.g. if a sensed property
exceeds a selected range. This may enable the control device to adjust or stop operation of
the engine in response to changes in the sensed property of the fluid.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided computer
implemented method of facilitating control of an engine comprising a fluid circulation
system in combination with a container as hereindescribed in which the reservoir of the
container is in fluidic communication with the engine fluid circulation system and contains
fluid for the engine fluid circulation system, which method comprises providing data from
the data provider of the container to the engine control device.
According to at least some embodiments the method further comprises controlling
the operation of the engine.
According to at least some embodiments, the method further comprises assessing the
suitability of the container and/or its contents for installation in a particular location, for
example on a particular vehicle.
According to at least some embodiments, the data provided to the control device
comprises at least one property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container.
According to at least some embodiments: the container comprises a sensor adapted to
sense at least one property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container; the method
comprises sensing at least one property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container with
the sensor; and the method comprises providing data from the data module of the container
to the control device, which data comprises data based on the sensed property of the fluid
in the reservoir of the container.
Examples of suitable properties of the fluid in the reservoir of the container which
are sensed include: the amount of fluid, the temperature of fluid, the pressure of fluid, the
viscosity of fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical resistance of fluid, the dielectric of
fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical composition of fluid and combinations of two or
more thereof. The amount of fluid includes the absence of the fluid.
According to at least some embodiments: the data module comprises a memory; the
method comprises storing data in the memory, which data comprises at least one property
of the fluid in the reservoir of the container; and the method comprises providing data from
the data module to the engine control device, which data comprises at least part of the
stored data.
Examples of suitable properties of the fluid in the reservoir of the container which
are stored include: the amount of fluid, the temperature of fluid, the pressure of fluid, the
viscosity of fluid, the viscosity index of the fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical
resistance of fluid, the dielectric of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical composition of
fluid, the origin of the fluid, an identifier of the fluid in the reservoir, the grade of the fluid,
the date on which the fluid was filled or replaced in the reservoir and combinations of two
or more thereof. The amount of fluid includes the absence of the fluid.
In at least some embodiments the memory stores data including: the date on which
the fluid was filled or replaced, a unique identifier of the container, an indication of
whether the container is new, or has previously been refilled or replaced, an indication of
the operating duration of the fluid and/or engine (for example, the vehicle mileage if the
engine is a vehicle engine), the number of times the container has been refilled or reused,
and the total the operating duration of the container (for example, the vehicle mileage if the
engine is a vehicle engine).
According to at least some embodiments an initial property of the fluid in the
reservoir is stored in the memory. In at least some examples, this initial property data is
pre-programmed into the memory. Examples of suitable initial properties of the fluid in
the reservoir of the container which are stored include: the amount of fluid, the temperature
of fluid, the pressure of fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the viscosity index of the fluid, the
density of fluid, the electrical resistance of fluid, the dielectric of fluid, the opacity of fluid,
the chemical composition of fluid, the origin of the fluid, an identifier of the fluid in the
reservoir and combinations of two or more thereof. The amount of fluid includes the
absence of the fluid.
According to at least some embodiments data that is stored in the memory comprises
data based upon at least one sensed property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container.
According to at least some embodiments data is stored in the memory which
comprises both initial property data and sensed property data. In at least some
embodiments data is stored in the memory which is derived (for example by the data
module) from initial property data and sensed property data, for example the difference
between an initial property data and a corresponding sensed property data. Examples of the
stored data which is stored by the memory of the data module include: at least one property
of the fluid in the reservoir which is an initial property of the fluid in the reservoir; at least
one sensed property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container; data which is derived
from initial property data and sensed property data, for example the difference between an
initial property data and a corresponding sensed property data; data characteristic of; and
combinations of two or more thereof.
In at least some embodiments, the data module communicates with the control device
by providing data to the control device which data comprises at least part of the stored
data. Examples of the stored data which is provided to the control device by the data
module include: properties of the fluid in the reservoir; initial properties of the fluid in the
reservoir; sensed properties of the fluid in the reservoir; data which is derived from initial
property data and sensed property data; data characteristic of the fluid in the reservoir of
the container; an identifier of the fluid in the reservoir; the date on which the fluid in
reservoir was filled or replaced; a unique identifier of the container; an indication of
whether the container is new; or has previously been refilled or replaced; an indication of
the operating duration of the fluid and/or engine (for example; the vehicle mileage if the
engine is a vehicle engine); the number of times the container has been refilled or reused;
the total the operating duration of the container (for example, the vehicle mileage if the
engine is a vehicle engine) and combinations of two or more thereof.
This may enable a need for the fluid to be changed to be identified.
This may also enable a service interval of the engine to be determined and/or
adjusted, for example, by the data module and/or by the engine control device.
Alternatively, or in addition, this may enable an assessment to be made, before,
during or after installation of the container of suitability of the container and/or its contents
for installation in a particular location, for example on a particular vehicle.
Thus, according to at least some embodiments, a service interval of the engine is
determined and/or is adjusted in response to the data provided by the data module to the
engine control device. According to at least some embodiments, the service interval is
determined and/or adjusted by the data module and/or by the control device. Examples of
suitable data provided by the data module to the control device include: at least one
property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container; data based on at least one sensed
property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container; stored data; initial properties of the
fluid in the reservoir; sensed properties of the fluid in the reservoir; data which is derived
from initial property data and sensed property data; the origin of the fluid; an identifier of
the fluid in the reservoir; and combinations of two or more thereof.
Thus, according to at least some embodiments, the stored data comprises an identifier
of the fluid which is stored in the memory. This may enable the engine control device to
adjust operation of the engine dependent on the type of fluid. For example, in at least some
embodiments, the control device does not operate unless the provided data indicates that
the fluid in the reservoir of the container comprises a selected type of fluid, for example
suitable for the operation of the engine. According to at least some embodiments the
control device operates the engine in one of two or more modes depending upon the
communicated data. For example, if the fluids is an engine crankcase lubricating oil
composition, the control device operates the engine in one of two or more modes
depending upon the communicated data, for example the type of lubricating oil
composition, for example according to the classification system xWy e.g. 5W30 etc.
According to at least some embodiments: the data module is adapted to communicate
with the control device by receiving data from, and providing data to, the control device;
and the method comprises receiving data from the control device with the data module and
providing data from the data module to the control device in response to the received data.
Suitably, data received from the control device comprises at least one piece of data
selected from the group consisting of engine operating conditions, predicted service
interval and combinations thereof.
In at least some embodiments the data received by the data module is used by the
data module to performed some of the data manipulation and/or storage which might
otherwise be performed by the engine control device, for example calculating servicing
intervals. In at least some examples the data received by the data module is used by the
data module to control flow of fluid to and/or from the reservoir, for example if the engine
requires the fluid flow to cease because the container/reservoir is to be disconnected from
the fluid circulation system.
According to at least some embodiments: the data module is configured to provide
data to the engine control device in response to data in the form of a signal indicating that
the fluid reservoir is fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system of the engine
and the method comprises providing data from the engine control device to the data
module in the form of a signal indicating that the fluid reservoir is in fluidic
communication with the fluid circulation system of the engine, and providing data from the
from the data module to the engine control device.
According to at least some embodiments, in the method, the data module provides
data to the engine control device at periodic intervals. According to at least some
embodiments, in the method, the data module provides data to the engine control device at
aperiodic intervals. According to at least some embodiments, in the method, the data
module provides data to the engine control device continuously.
According to at least some embodiments, the data module is configured to provide
data based on at least one sensed property of the fluid in the reservoir of the container, to
the engine control device in the event that a sensor senses that a property of the fluid in the
reservoir of the container has one of a selected number of values, e.g. if a property exceeds
a selected range. According to at least some embodiments the method further comprises
the engine control device adjusting or stopping operation of the engine in response to
changes in at least some of the sensed data.
Examples of suitable properties of the fluid in the reservoir of the container which
are sensed include: the amount of fluid, the temperature of fluid, the pressure of fluid, the
viscosity of fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical resistance of fluid, the dielectric of
fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical composition of fluid and combinations of two or
more thereof. The amount of fluid includes the absence of the fluid.
According to at least some embodiments the method further comprises the engine
control device adjusting or stopping operation of the engine in response to changes in at
least some of the data provided by the data module to the engine control device.
In at least some embodiments, the engine control device controls the engine in
response to data provided by the data module by for example: limiting the performance
features of the engine (for example if the quality or type of the fluid is not particularly
suitable for the engine); changing the operation of the engine for example if the fluid is
depleted; changing the operation according to the type of the fluid; changing the operation
according to the temperature of the fluid; preventing or limiting operation of the engine if
the fluid is not of the correct type or origin or has reached the end of its useful life, or if the
container is not correctly fitted or if the container has reached the end of its useful life.
In some embodiments the received signal indicates that the reservoir of the container
is in fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system of the engine. For example,
the fluid container may comprise latches for retaining the reservoir in fluidic
communication with the fluid circulation system, and the latches may be configured to
provide data in the form of a signal to the data module indicating that the reservoir is in
fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system of the engine. The received signal
may also be provided by the engine control device. The latch may be part of the one or
more self-sealing couplings.
According to some embodiments the data module comprises at least one printed
circuit board (sometimes called a PCB). In some examples the PCB is adapted to
communicate with the engine control device through electrical contacts on the replaceable
container adapted to engage corresponding contacts on or associated with the engine.
According to at least some embodiments the data module comprises a computer
readable identifier, for example an electronic identifier. Suitable identifiers include PCB's,
radio frequency communicators, such as near field RF communicators, examples of which
include NFC communicators (e.g. communicators which support the RF requirements for
ISO/IEC 14443A, ISO/IEC 14443 B and FeliCa as outlined in the relevant parts in the ISO
18092) and passive or active radio frequency identification tags (sometimes called RFID
tags).
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a computer
readable medium comprising program instructions operable to program a processor carried
by a fluid container to control an engine by performing a method of facilitating control of
an engine comprising a fluid circulation system as described herein.
According to at least some embodiments the computer readable medium comprises a
non-volatile memory. In at least some embodiments the computer readable medium is
carried on a fluid container for fluid for a fluid circulation system of an engine as herein
described.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a vehicle
comprising:
a replaceable fluid container comprising a reservoir for holding fluid, at least one
self-sealing coupling and a data module fluid;
an engine comprising a fluid circulation system and a control device;
in which the reservoir is connected by the self-sealing coupling in fluidic communication
with the fluid circulation system of the engine, and
the data module is adapted to communicate data with the engine control device.
Suitably, the replaceable fluid container is a container as herein described.
According to at least some embodiments the fluid container comprises an inlet and an
outlet for the reservoir. When the engine is operating, fluid flows into the reservoir from
the fluid circulation system of the engine through the inlet. When the engine is operating,
fluid flows out of the reservoir into the fluid circulation system of the engine through the
outlet. The inlet and outlet suitably comprise self-sealing couplings.
According to at least some embodiments the fluid container comprises a vent.
Suitably, when the engine is operating the vent is connected in fluidic communication with
the engine, for example with the fluid circulation system of the engine. In at least some
examples, the engine is an internal combustion engine and when the engine is operating,
the vent is in fluid communication with an air inlet manifold of the engine. Suitably, the
vent is connected to the engine through a self-sealing coupling. Self-sealing couplings
have an advantage in that they facilitate removal and replacement of the replaceable
container from and to the engine. When the engine is operating, gas and/or vapour, may
flow into and/or out from the reservoir through the vent port or vent ports when the fluid
container is connected to the engine fluid circulation system.
Suitably, the fluid container may comprise at least one latch which is adapted to
retain the reservoir of the fluid container in fluidic communication with said engine fluid
circulation system. The latch may be remotely operable to disconnect said fluid container
from said vehicle engine fluid circulation system. In some examples the fluid container is
elongate; said inlet, outlet and vent ports are located at a common first end of said
container.
In general, self-sealing couplings have the characteristic that when the coupling is
being connected, a seal is made between the connecting ports before valve or valves open
to allow fluid to flow. On disconnection, the valve or valves close to seal off each of the
ports before the coupling seal between the ports is broken.
Suitable self-sealing couplings of the system provide a "dry break" in which no fluid
flows on connection or disconnection of the coupling. Alternatively, the self-sealing
couplings of the system provide a "damp break" in which there is flow of only a non
essential amount of fluid, for example a few drips of liquid, on disconnection or connection
of the coupling. Suitable self-sealing couplings include rallye raid SPT12 couplings
available from Staubli. Other suitable types of self-sealing coupling are described in US
2005/0161628, US2008/0265574 and US2008/0088127.
According to at least some examples, each of the self-sealing couplings comprises a
latch which is biased to a locking position to thereby retain the reservoir in fluidic
communication with the engine fluid circulation system. This has an advantage that when
the fluid container is positioned to connect it to the engine, the latches engage the
corresponding ports on the engine and retain the fluid reservoir in fluidic communication
with the fluid circulation system of the engine. In at least some examples each latch is
remotely operable to disconnect the reservoir from the vehicle engine fluid circulation
system.
In at least some examples, the self-sealing couplings also retain the fluid container on
the engine. In at least some example, the self-sealing couplings also retains the fluid
container on a manifold which is in fluidic communication with the fluid circulation
system of the engine.
According to at least some embodiments each latch is operable by a remotely
operable actuator, for example an electromagnetic actuator. This may operate one or more
of the latches. Suitable electromagnetic actuators comprise a solenoid which comprises a
central core which is a push or pull rod which is magnetically actuated.
Interlocks may be provided to prevent the engine from operating if the fluid container
is disconnected from the engine fluid circulation system and/or to prevent the fluid
container being disconnected from the engine if the engine is operating.
In at least some embodiments the engine fluid circulation system comprises one or
more ports adapted to connect with the self-sealing couplings of the replaceable fluid
container. In at least some examples, at least one (for example all) of the ports of the
engine fluid circulation system comprises a non-return valve. Non-return valves may
prevent fluid from draining back to the fluid container when the engine is not operating.
In at least some examples the ports each comprise a control valve or shut-off valve which
may be closed when the vehicle engine is not operating, for example to prevent or reduce
fluid draining from the fluid container to the engine.
In at least some examples the engine fluid system comprises a vent port adapted to
connect to a vent self-sealing coupling of the fluid container. Suitably, the vent port does
not comprise any valves because fluid, for example gas and/or vapour, may be required to
flow both to and from the reservoir of the container through the vent port or vent ports
when the fluid container is connected to the engine fluid circulation system.
Suitably, the ports of the engine fluid circulation system are self-sealing ports. This
has an advantage that when the fluid container has been disconnected from the engine, the
risk of ingress of contaminants into the engine may be mitigated.
In at least some embodiments the fluid container comprises a filter for filtering the
fluid. This is suitable when the fluid is an engine lubricating oil composition.
In at least some embodiments the fluid container is a container for a fluid which is a
liquid. Suitable liquids include engine lubricating oil compositions, heat exchange fluids
for example for an electric engine, de-icers, water, screen-washes, and detergents. The
fluid may be a fluid suitable for a sustainable fluid system for example engine lubricating
oil compositions and heat exchange fluids. The fluid may be a fluid suitable for a nonsustainable
fluid system for example de-icers, water, screen-washes and detergents.
Suitably the fluid is a lubricating oil composition, for example an engine lubricating
oil composition. In some embodiments the reservoir of the fluid container contains
lubricating oil composition, for example engine lubricating oil composition. In this
embodiment, the fluid container may be provided as a self-contained system containing
fresh, refreshed or unused lubricating oil composition which may conveniently replace a
fluid container on an engine containing used or spent lubricating oil composition. If the
fluid container also comprises a filter, this also is replaced together with the spent or used
lubricating oil composition.
According to at least some embodiments, the lubricating oil composition comprises
at least one base stock and at least one engine lubricating oil additive. Suitable base stocks
include bio-derived base stocks, mineral oil derived base stocks, synthetic base stocks and
semi synthetic base stocks. Suitable lubricating oil composition additives, for example
engine lubricating oil composition additives are known in the art. Suitable additives
include organic and inorganic compounds. In at least some embodiments, in the engine
lubricating oil composition comprises about 60 to 90 % by weight in total of base stocks
and about 40 to 10 % by weight additives. In at least some embodiments, the engine
lubricating oil composition is a lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion
engine. Suitable lubricating oil compositions include mono-viscosity grade and multiviscosity
grade engine lubricating oil compositions. Suitable lubricating oil compositions
include single purpose lubricating oil compositions and multi-purpose lubricating oil
compositions.
Suitable lubricating oil compositions include engine lubricating oil compositions for
internal combustion engines. Suitable engine lubricating oil compositions include
lubricating oil compositions for spark ignition internal combustion engines. Suitable
engine lubricating oil compositions include lubricating oil compositions for compression
internal combustion engines.
According to at least some embodiments the fluid container is a container for heat
exchange fluid for example for an electric engine. Thus, in at least some embodiments the
fluid container contains heat exchange fluid for an electric engine. In at least some
example, the replaceable fluid container is provided as a self-contained system containing
fresh, refreshed or unused heat exchange fluid for an electric engine which conveniently
replaces a system on an engine containing used or spent heat exchange fluid. If the fluid
container also comprises a filter, this also is replaced together with the spent or used heat
exchange fluid.
Electric engines may require heat exchange fluid to heat the engine and/or cool the
engine. This may depend upon the operating cycle of the engine. Electric engines may
also require a reservoir of heat exchange fluid. The fluid container may provide a heat
storage system in which heat exchange fluid may be stored for use to heat the electric
engine when required. The fluid container may provide a system for storage of coolant at a
temperature below the operating temperature of the engine for use to cool the electric
engine when required.
Suitable heat exchange fluids for electric engines include aqueous and non-aqueous
fluids. In at least some examples heat exchange fluids for example for electric engines
comprise organic and/or non-organic performance boosting additives. Suitable heat
exchange fluids include man-made and bio-derived, for example Betaine fluids. Suitable
heat exchange fluids include those which exhibit fire retarding characteristics and/or
hydraulic characteristics. Suitable heat exchange fluids include phase change fluids.
Suitable heat exchange fluids include molten metals and salts. Suitable heat exchange
fluids include nanofluids. Nanofluids comprise nanoparticles suspended in a base fluid,
which may be solid, liquid or gas. Suitable heat exchange fluids include gases and liquids.
Suitable heat exchange fluids include liquefied gases.
In at least some examples the fluid container is adapted to operate at temperatures of
from ambient temperature up to 200 °C, suitably from -20°C to 180°C, for example from -
10°C to l50°C.
In at least some examples the fluid container is adapted to operate at pressures of up
to 15 barg, suitably from -0.5 barg to 10 barg, for example from 0 barg to 8 barg.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided an engine control
system comprising a container as herein described in combination with an engine
comprising a fluid circulation system in which the reservoir of the container is in fluidic
communication with the engine fluid circulation system.
In at least some embodiments the engine control device comprises a memory.
In at least some embodiments the engine control device comprises a microprocessor.
In at least some embodiments the engine is a vehicle engine. Suitable vehicles
include motorcycles, earthmoving vehicles, mining vehicles, heavy duty vehicles and
passenger cars.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a vehicle
comprising an engine, a fluid circulation system for said engine and a replaceable fluid
container comprising a reservoir for holding fluid, at least one self-sealing coupling
connecting said reservoir in fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system and a
data module adapted to communicate with an engine control device when the reservoir is
in fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system. Suitable fluid containers
include replaceable fluid containers as hereindescribed, more suitably according to the
present invention.
In at least some embodiments the engine is a vehicle engine. Suitable vehicles
include motorcycles, earthmoving vehicles, mining vehicles, heavy duty vehicles and
passenger cars.
The fluid container is advantageous where rapid replacement of the fluid is required
or advantageous, for example in "off-road" and/or "in field" services.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of
supplying fluid to a vehicle engine comprising a fluid circulation system, which method
comprises connecting to said fluid circulation system, a fluid container as herein described,
in which the reservoir of the container contains fluid as herein described.
Whilst fluid containers, methods and control systems for engines, for example
vehicle engines, have been described herein, the present invention also relates to fluid
containers, methods and control systems for fluid systems of vehicles in general whether or
not associated with an engine.
Thus, according to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a
replaceable fluid container for a vehicle, for example for a vehicle engine, the container
comprising:
a reservoir for holding a fluid;
a fluid coupling adapted to provide fluidic communication between the reservoir
and a fluid circulation system of a vehicle, for example of a vehicle engine; and
a data provider arranged such that positioning the container to permit fluidic
communication between the reservoir and the fluid circulation system arranges the
data provider for data communication with a control device of the vehicle, for
example with an engine control device of an engine on the vehicle.
While aspects of the invention have been described in relation to vehicle engines and
examples of the invention described the use of engine lubricating oil compositions, it is
envisaged that features of the invention could find other applications.
For example, a fluid container according to an aspect of the invention could be used
in relation to a fluid system of a wide range of apparatus or equipment. For example, the
fluid container could find application in relation to various static and movable machines,
for example industrial machines such as a lathe, or manufacture and assembly equipment,
to an engine, or to a vehicle.
Examples of a fluid container of an aspect of the invention could thus be used to
supply lubricant composition to a region of the apparatus or equipment, for example to a
region including one or more moving parts, for example a gearbox. In an example of an
aspect of the invention there is provided a fluid container for a wind turbine, for example
to provide lubricating composition to one or more parts of the wind turbine apparatus.
The container may supply a lubricant composition to the apparatus, or may supply
fluid other than lubricant to the apparatus. For example, the fluid may comprise a fuel
composition, for example gasoline or diesel The container of an aspect of the invention
may be for supply the fluid for example to the fuel supply system of the apparatus. For
example, the container may supply fuel to a vehicle, or tool, for example to a car,
motorcycle or lawn mower.
In another example, the container is used to supply a fluid, for example lubricant
and/or fuel, to a hand tool, for example a hedge trimmer or leaf blower.
The fluid may comprise for example an aqueous or other solvent-based composition,
for example a cleaning composition. The fluid may for example comprise windscreen
wash fluid. A container of an example of an aspect of the invention may be for supplying
fluid to the windscreen washer fluid delivery system for example of a vehicle.
In some examples of aspects of the invention the fluid system may comprise a fluid
circulation system or a fluid delivery system.
The invention extends to methods and/or apparatus substantially as herein described
with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Any feature in one aspect of the invention may be applied to other aspects of the
invention, in any appropriate combination. In particular, features of method aspects may
be applied to apparatus aspects, and vice versa.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of a vehicle; and
Figure 2 shows a schematic illustration of components of the vehicle of Figure 1
Figure 3 shows in schematic elevation view, a replaceable fluid container for an
engine and a partial section through a wall of the container.
In the drawings, like reference numerals are used to indicate like elements.
Figure 1 shows a vehicle 6 comprising an engine 4, a fluid container 14 and an
engine control device 2 . The engine 4 comprises a fluid circulation system 8 .
The fluid circulation system 8 is coupled to receive fluid from a supply line 10, and
to return fluid that has circulated in the engine 4 via a fluid return line 12.
The fluid container 14 comprises a reservoir 9 for holding a fluid, and a data provider
1 for providing data about the fluid container 14. The data provider 1 is coupleable to
provide data to the engine control device 2 via a first communication link 32 and/or via a
remote communication link 32' to a remote control device 3 . The fluid container 14
comprises a fluid outlet port 9 1 which is coupled to the reservoir 9 . The outlet port 9 1 is
coupleable to supply fluid to the engine's fluid circulation system 8 via a fluid supply line
10. The fluid inlet port 92 is coupleable to the fluid return line 12 to enable fluid to
circulate from the reservoir 9, around the circulation system 8 of the engine 4, and back to
the reservoir 9 . The fluid container 14 is described in more detail below with reference to
Figure 2 .
The ports 91, 92 of the fluid container 14 comprise self- sealing couplings, and the
container comprises latches 101, 102 configured to secure the container 14 to the fluid
supply line 10 and the fluid return line 12. The latches are operable to be released to enable
the container 14 to be removed and replaced.
The engine control device 2 comprises a processor 96, and a memory 94 configured
to store control data for the engine 4 . The processor 96 is configured to monitor and to
control the operation of the engine 4, via a second communication link 34. The processor
96 is configured to control operation of the engine 4 based on the monitoring, and based on
the control data read from the memory 9 . The engine control device 2 is further configured
in some examples to obtain data from the data provider 1 via the communication link 32
and to control the engine based on the data obtained from the data provider 1.
In operation, the fluid container 14 is secured in fluid communication with the fluid
circulation system 8 by the latches 101, 102. When the fluid container 14 is secured by the
latches, the data provider 1 is coupled to communicate with the engine control device 2 by
the first communication link 32. The engine control device 2 regulates operation of the
engine 4 based on data obtained from the data provider 1 in combination with data
obtained from monitoring operation of the engine 4, and data stored in the memory 94 of
the engine control device 2 .
Figure 2 shows a fluid container 140, an engine control device 2, and an engine 4, the
features of any of which may be used in combination with those of the example shown in
Figure 1.
The fluid container 140 comprises a reservoir 9 for holding a fluid, and a vent 23 to
enable pressure to be equalised in the reservoir 9 as fluid is drawn into and out from the
reservoir 9 . The fluid container 140 comprises latches 101, 102 and a latch sensor 30 for
sensing when the latches 101, 102 are engaged to retain the fluid container 140 in fluid
communication with the fluid circulation system 8
The fluid sensor 22 comprises two metallic strips separated from one another on a dip
tube of the fluid container 14. The fluid sensor 30 senses the oil level in the reservoir 9
based on the capacitance of the strips to provide a signal indicative of the oil level to the
data provider 1. The fluid sensor 22 is further configured to sense an electrical resistance of
the fluid thereby to provide an indication of the presence of impurities in the fluid.
The data provider 1 of the fluid container 140 comprises a processor 103 arranged to
receive signals from the fluid sensor 22 and the connection sensor 30, and to communicate
data to the engine control device 2 via the communication link 32. The data provider 1
further comprises a memory 104 for storing data describing the fluid. In particular, the
memory 104 stores data including at least one of: the grade of fluid, the type of fluid, the
date on which the fluid was filled or replaced, a unique identifier of the container 140, an
indication of whether the container is new, or has previously been refilled or replaced, an
indication of the vehicle mileage, the number of times the container has been refilled or
reused, and the total mileage for which the container has been used.
The engine 4 shown in Figure 2 comprises an engine communication interface 106
arranged to communicate operational parameters of the engine, such as engine speed and
throttle position to the processor 96 of the engine control device 2 via the communication
link 34. The engine communication interface 106 is further operable to receive engine
commands from the engine control device 2 and to modify operation of the engine 4 based
on the received commands.
The memory 94 of the engine control device 2 comprises non-volatile memory
configured to store:
• identifiers of acceptable fluids for use in the engine 4;
• data defining a first container fluid level threshold and a second fluid level
threshold;
• data indicative of an expected container oil level based on the mileage of the
vehicle;
• data defining a service interval, wherein the service interval is the time period
between performing maintenance operations for the vehicle such as replacing the
fluid;
• the vehicle mileage;
• sets of engine configuration data for configuring the engine to operate in a
selected way;
• an association (such as a look up table) associating fluid identifiers with the sets
of engine configuration data; and,
• data indicative of an expected oil quality based on the mileage of the vehicle.
The processor 96 is operable to compare data stored in the memory 94 with data
obtained from the data provider 1 of the container 140 and from the communication
interface 106 of the engine 4 .
In operation, the processor 104 of the data provider 1 of the container provides an
identifier of the fluid to the processor 96 of the engine control device 2 . The processor 96
determines whether the correct fluid is in use based on the fluid identifier from the data
provider 1, and the identifiers stored in the memory 94. In the event that the processor 96
determines that the container does not comprise an acceptable fluid, the processor 96 is
configured to alert the user of the vehicle and/or to prevent operation of the engine 4 . In the
event that the processor 96 determines that the container does comprise an acceptable fluid,
the engine control device 2 enables operation of the engine 2 . This provides an electronic
lock to inhibit unsafe or sub-optimal operation of the engine, and may detect and inhibit
the use of counterfeit fluid products, or unauthorised refilling of the container 140.
If operation of the engine is enabled, the processor 96 obtains a set of configuration
data for the engine 2 from the memory 94 based on the stored associations, and the fluid
identifier provided by the data provider 1. This enables the operation of the engine to be
configured or reconfigured according to the characteristics of the fluid. When the engine is
running, the processor 96 is configured to communicate with the data provider 1, and in the
event that the data provider indicates that the characteristics of the fluid have changed, the
configuration of the engine may be adjusted in response to these changes. This enables the
engine to adapt to real-time changes in the characteristics of the fluid.
The processor 103 of the container 140 is configured to obtain data indicating the
expected fluid level based on the mileage since the fluid was last refilled, and to compare
the fluid level sensed by the sensor 22 with stored data. In the event that this comparison
indicates that the fluid level is changing more quickly than expected, the data provider 1
can be configured to send a signal to the engine control device 2 to modify a service
interval for the vehicle based on this comparison.
The fluid may be any type of fluid circulated in the engine 4 to support a function of
the engine, which may be an ancillary function of the engine. For example the fluid may be
lubricant, or coolant, or de-icer, or any other fluid associated with the engine. As many
different types and grades of such fluid are available, the data provider may comprise an
identifier of the fluid.
The data provider 1 may comprise a memory storing an identifier of the fluid, and a
communication interface to enable data stored in the memory of the data provider 1 to be
passed via the communication link 32 to the processor 96 of the engine control device. The
data provider 1 may comprise a computer readable identifier for identifying the fluid, the
identifier may be an electronic identifier, such as a near field RF communicator, for
example a passive or active RFID tag, or an NFC communicator.
The data provider 1 may be configured for one way communication. For example the
data provider 1 may be configured only to receive data from the engine control device, so
that the data can be provided to memory at the container. Alternatively the data provider 1
may be configured only to provide data to the engine control device. In some possibilities
the data provider 1 is adapted to provide data to and receive data from the engine control
device. The receiving and providing of data may be to, from or between (i) a
memory/memories and/or processor(s) of the engine control device and (ii) the data
provider and/or sensor(s) of the data provider and/or a memory/memories of the data
provider.
Alternatively, or in addition, the data stored in the memory of data provider 1 may be
passed via remote communication link 32' to a remote control device 3 . The
communication may be one way or two way.
The memory can store data comprising at least one property of the fluid selected
from the group consisting of: the amount of fluid, the temperature of fluid, the pressure of
fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the viscosity index of the fluid, the density of fluid, the
electrical resistance of fluid, the dielectric constant of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the
chemical composition of fluid, the origin of the fluid and combinations of two or more
thereof. The memory may also be configured to receive data from an engine control
device. This enables data to be stored at the container. Such stored data can then be
provided from the memory to diagnostic devices during servicing and/or during
replacement of the container. The amount of fluid includes the absence of the fluid.
The memory is optional. The computer readable identifier may be an optical
identifier, such as a barcode, for example a two-dimensional barcode, or a colour coded
marker, or optical identifier on the container. The computer readable identifier may be
provided by a shape or configuration of the container 14. Regardless of how it is provided,
the identifier may be encrypted.
The communication link 32 and/or 32' may be any wired or wireless communication
link, and may comprise an optical link.
The latches 101, 102, are optional and the container 14, 140 may simply be fluid
coupled to the circulation system. The container 14, 140 can be secured by gravity, an
interference fit, a bayonet coupling, or any appropriate fixture. The data provider 1 may be
positioned on the container 140 so that, when the container is coupled in fluidic
communication with the fluid circulation system of the engine, the data provider 1 is also
arranged to communicate data with the engine control device, and if the container is not
positioned for fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system, communication
with the data provider is inhibited.
The container 140 has been described as comprising particular types of sensors.
However, one or both of these sensors may be omitted, e.g. as in Figure 1 above. Where
sensors are used any type of sensor, or combination of sensors can be used. For example,
to sense the level of fluid in the container: a mechanical float, a position sensor, an
electrical coil, capacitive sensors, resistivity sensors, ultrasonic level detection, visible or
infra-red light detection, pressure sensing, or other sensors. The sensing system may
provide information about the level in a continuous range between two fixed points or as
discrete levels (e.g. full, half full, empty). Additionally, if the level of the liquid increased
rapidly it could indicate some form of failure in the engine and provide an early warning
mechanism to help prevent further damage to the engine. The containers 14, 140 may
comprise sensors configured to sense at least one of a temperature, pressure, viscosity,
density, electrical resistance, dielectric constant, opacity, chemical composition or amount
of the container oil. It will further be appreciated that a plurality of fluid sensors could be
provided, each to sense a different property of the fluid.
Information about the oil quality may be obtained through simple capacitance or
resistivity measurements. These might, for example, indicate the presence of water in the
oil or of metallic or carbonaceous particulates suspended in the oil.
The fluid container 14, 140 may be a container for an engine lubricating oil
composition, a heat exchange fluid for cooling at least some working components of the
engine 4, and/or heating some working components of the engine 4 .
In the context of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the
fluid ports of the fluid container 14, 140 could comprise any suitable coupling for retaining
the fluid container 14, 140 in fluid communication with the fluid circulation system 8 . The
port couplings could be arranged to be remotely decoupled from the fluid lines 10, 12 to
place the fluid container 14 in its uncoupled configuration. It will further be appreciated
that the fluid container 14 could comprise an actuator to decouple the fluid container 14,
140 from the circulation system 8 .
Although circulated engine oil is described as being returned to the fluid container
14, 140 for recirculation, in the context of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art
will appreciate that circulated engine oil could be collected and stored in a container
coupled to the engine 4 and, when convenient, emptied from or otherwise removed from
the vehicle 6 .
Although the metallic strips of the sensor 22 are described as being on an oil dip
tube, they may be located on an inner wall of the fluid container 14, 140.
A position sensor could be configured to provide signals indicative of a continuous
range of oil levels between two predetermined values, for example a first value indicating
the fluid container is full and a second value indicating the container is empty, or only for
predetermined oil levels, such as "full", "half full" or "empty". The position sensor 30
could be configured to communicate continuously with the container module 16 or at
selected time intervals or in response to a signal from the processor 96 of the engine
control device.
In an example, an assessment is made of a fluid container 14 before it is installed in
the vehicle 6 . The fluid container 14 holds a liquid lubricating oil composition in the
reservoir 9 . The data provider 1 contains stored information relating to the lubricating oil
composition in the reservoir 9 . In this example, data provider 1 includes information as to
the type of lubricating oil composition, for example according to the classification system
xWy e.g. 5W30 and the origin of the lubricating oil composition. Prior to installation of
the fluid container 14 in the vehicle 6, the remote control device 3 interrogates the fluid
container and data is communicated from the data provider 1 to the control device 3 via the
link 32', the data including the information that the composition is of type 5W30. In some
examples, the remote control device 3 may then carry out an analysis of the suitability of a
type 5W30 lubricating composition for the particular vehicle 6 . In the case where the
lubricant type is considered to be unsuitable, an output is generated indicating that the
lubricant is unsuitable, for example a visual or audible notification. The container 14 is not
installed in the vehicle 6 . If the analysis determines that the lubricant composition is
suitable, a appropriate output, is given, or there is an absence of a negative output, and
installation proceeds.
Figure 3 shows an elevation view of a fluid container 300 and a partial section
through a wall of the container 300. The container 300 comprises a body 304, and a base
306. The body 304 is secured to the base by a lip 302. A data provider 308 is carried in the
lip 302.
The lip 302 includes a data coupling 310 to enable the data provider 308 to be
coupled to an interface 312 for communicating data with an engine control device (not
shown in Figure 3). The interface 312 comprises connectors 314 for connecting the
interface 312 with the data provider 308 of the container 300.
The base 306 of the container 300 comprises a fluid coupling (not shown in Figure 3)
for coupling fluid from a reservoir of the fluid container with a fluid circulation system of
an engine. The fluid coupling and the data coupling 310 are arranged so that connecting the
fluid coupling in fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system of an engine also
couples the data provider 308 for data communication with the engine control device via
the interface 312 by seating the connectors 314 of the interface in the data coupling 310 on
the container 310.
The interface 312 and the connectors 314 provide electrical connections for eight (8)
channels which provide measurements for fluid temperature, fluid pressure, fluid quality,
fluid type, and the level (e.g. amount) of fluid in the container. The connectors 314 may be
arranged to provide electrical power to the data provider 308.
Although the example shown in Figure 3 comprises conductive electrical
connections 314 for communicating with the data provider 308 a contactless connection
may also be used. For example, inductive or capacitive coupling can be used to provide
contactless communication. One example of inductive coupling is provided by RFID,
however other near field communications technology may also be used. Such couplings
may enable electrical power to be transferred to the data provider 308, and also have the
advantage that the data connection does not require any complex mechanical arrangement
and the presence of dirt or grease on the couplings 310, 314 is less likely to inhibit
communication with the data provider 308.
The container 300 may comprise a power provider such as a battery for providing
electrical power to the data provider 308 this may enable the container 300 to be provided
with a range of sensors, including sensors for fluid temperature, pressure and electrical
conductivity. Where the container 300 comprises a filter sensors may be arranged to sense
these parameters of the fluid as the fluid flows into the filter, and after the fluid has flowed
through the filter.
The data provider 308 may be configured to provide information relating to the fluid
in the container, for example, where the fluid is oil, the oil grade and/or type. The data
provider may also provide data indicating the date on which the container was refilled, a
unique serial number of the container, the length of time (e.g. number of hours) for which
the container has been used, and whether the container holds new or refilled fluid.
The function of the processors 103, 96 may be provided by any appropriate
controller, for example by analogue and/or digital logic, field programmable gate arrays,
FPGA, application specific integrated circuits, ASIC, a digital signal processor, DSP, or by
software loaded into a programmable general purpose processor. Aspects of the disclosure
provide computer program products, and tangible non-transitory media storing instructions
to program a processor to perform any one or more of the methods described herein.
Other variations and modifications of the apparatus will be apparent to persons of
skill in the art in the context of the present disclosure.

CLAIMS:
1. A method of supplying liquid to a liquid delivery system in a vehicle in which a
replaceable liquid container including a reservoir containing liquid is releasably coupled in
the vehicle to provide fluidic communication between the reservoir and a liquid delivery
system of the vehicle during operation of the vehicle, the method including the steps of :
(i) prior to establishing liquid communication between the reservoir and the liquid delivery
system of a selected vehicle, communicating with a data carrier carried by the container
and determining data associated with at least one of the container and its contents;
and
(ii) using the data in an analysis of suitability of the container and/or content of the
container for the selected vehicle and generating a suitability output, and
(iii) establishing liquid communication between the reservoir and liquid delivery system of
the selected vehicle in dependence on the suitability output.
2 . A method according to claim 1, in which the liquid is an ancillary liquid of the vehicle.
3 . A method according to claim 1 or claim 2 in which the liquid is selected from the group
consisting of a lubricant, a hydraulic fluid, a pneumatic fluid, a washer fluid, a fuel
additive.
4 . A method according to any of claims 1 to 3, in which the liquid delivery system
comprises a fluid circulation system.
5 . A method according to any preceding claim wherein the liquid delivery system is a
lubricant system.
6 . A method according to any preceding claim including one or more of: providing data to
and/or receiving data from the data carrier of the container, providing data to and/or
receiving data from the vehicle, providing data to and/or receiving data from an engine
control device of the vehicle.
7 . A method of supplying fluid to a fluid delivery system of a machine in which a
replaceable fluid container including a reservoir containing fluid is releasably coupled in
the machine to provide fluidic communication between the reservoir and a fluid delivery
system of the machine during operation of the machine, the method including the steps of :
(i) prior to establishing fluid communication between the reservoir and the fluid delivery
system of a selected machine, communicating with a data carrier carried by the container
and
(ii) determining, on the basis of the communication with the data carrier, data associated
with at least one of the container and its fluid contents.
8 . A method according to any preceding claim further including the step of controlling at
least one parameter of the operation of the vehicle or machine in dependence on the data
associated with at least one of the container, and its fluid contents.
9 . A method according to any preceding claim, including using the information from the
data to determine a mode or parameter of operation of the machine or vehicle.
10. A method according to any preceding claim, including the step of communicating data
between the container and a remote communications device.
11. A method according to any preceding claim including the step of sensing at least one
property of a liquid or fluid in the reservoir of the container, wherein the data comprises
data based on the sensed property of the fluid.
12. A method according to claim 10 in which the property of the fluid includes at least
one property selected from the group consisting of: the amount of fluid, the temperature of
fluid, the pressure of fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical
resistance of fluid, the dielectric constant of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the chemical
composition of fluid and combinations of two or more thereof.
13. A method according to any one of the preceding claims in which the data carrier
comprises a memory for storing data.
14. A method according to claim 13 in which the stored data comprises at least one
property of the fluid selected from the group consisting of: the amount of fluid, the
temperature of fluid, the pressure of fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the viscosity index of the
fluid, the density of fluid, the electrical resistance of fluid, the dielectric constant of fluid,
the opacity of fluid, the chemical composition of fluid, the origin of the fluid and
combinations of two or more thereof.
15. A method as claimed in claim 13 or 14 in which the stored data comprises data
based upon at least one sensed property of the fluid as defined in claim 11 or 12.
16. A method as claimed in claim 13, 14 or 15 in which the container receives data from
a remote device and performs an action selected from the list consisting of: storing the
received data in memory; and providing data to the vehicle, for example an engine control
device, in response to the received data.
17. A method as claimed in an preceding claim, wherein the analysis of the data is carried
out remote from the container.
18. A container for use in a method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.
19. A replaceable liquid container for supplying liquid to a liquid delivery system in a
vehicle in which the replaceable liquid container includes a reservoir for containing liquid,
wherein the container is adapted to be releasably coupled in the vehicle to provide fluidic
communication between the reservoir and a liquid delivery system of the vehicle during
operation of the vehicle, the container also including a data carrier including data
associated with at least one of the container and its content.
20. A container as claimed in claim 18 or claim 19 comprising a sensor adapted to sense
at least one property of a fluid in the reservoir of the container.
21. A container as claimed in any of claims 18 to 20, in which the property of the fluid
is at least one property selected from the group consisting of: the amount of fluid, the
temperature of fluid, the pressure of fluid, the viscosity of fluid, the density of fluid, the
electrical resistance of fluid, the dielectric constant of fluid, the opacity of fluid, the
chemical composition of fluid and combinations of two or more thereof.
22. A container as claimed in any one of claims 18 to 21, in which the container
comprises a memory for storing data.
23. A replaceable fluid container for an engine comprising:
a reservoir for holding a fluid;
a fluid coupling adapted to provide fluidic communication between the reservoir and a
fluid circulation system of an engine during operation of the engine; and
a data carrier arranged for data communication with a communications device prior to the
positioning of the container to permit fluidic communication between the reservoir and the
fluid circulation system of the engine.
24. A method of supplying fluid to a fluid delivery system in an apparatus in which a
replaceable fluid container including a reservoir containing fluid is releasably coupled in
the apparatus to provide fluidic communication between the reservoir and a fluid delivery
system of the apparatus during operation of the apparatus, the method including the steps
of :
(i) communicating with a data carrier carried by the container and
(ii) determining, on the basis of the data communication with the data carrier, data
associated with at least one of the container, and its liquid contents.
25. A method according to claim 24, wherein the fluid comprises an ancillary fluid of the
apparatus.
26. A method according to claim 24 or claim 25, wherein the fluid is selected from the
group consisting of a lubricant, a hydraulic fluid, a pneumatic fluid, a washer fluid, a fuel
additive.
27. A method according to any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein the apparatus comprises an
engine, or an electrical generation apparatus.
28. A computer implemented method of assessing containers containing fluid in a system
for installation of containers into vehicles, the method comprising:
receiving, at a container assessment device, a signal indicating that the fluid container is
present;
identifying a vehicle into which the container is to be installed;
in response to the received signal performing the following actions:
obtaining data from a memory at the container, the data including information relating to a
characteristic of the container and/or the fluid in the container;
assessing the suitability of the container for installation into the vehicle; and,
independence of the assessed suitability generating an installation instruction for the
installation of the container into the vehicle.
29 The computer implemented method of claim 28, comprising sensing at least one
property of a fluid in a reservoir of the container, wherein the data is based on the sensed
property.
30. A computer readable medium comprising program instructions operable to program
a processor to perform the method of claim 28 or claim 29.
31. A replaceable fluid container for an engine comprising:
a reservoir for holding a fluid;
a fluid coupling adapted to provide fluidic communication between the reservoir and a
fluid circulation system of an engine; and
a data provider arranged for data communication with a remote communications device
prior to positioning the container to permit fluidic communication between the reservoir
and the fluid circulation system of the engine.