1. Title of the invention

Fuel Cell construction Using Graphite Membranes coated with mixture of Platinum, Nickel and Vanadium pentoxide in fossil fuel combustions

2. Applicant
Name : Eesavyasa Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
Nationality : Indian
Address : 108-B, I.D.A. Khanapuram, Khammam(DT), Andhra Pradesh. Pin: 507002

3. Preamble to the description:
Complete specification:

Summary:

In the summary of invention, each important salient feature is explained as follows:

1. In this method of invention a complete technology is illustrated for effective utilization of exhaust fumes burnt in any procedure from petroleum based fuels.

2. In this method the incompletely burnt fossil fuel exhaust fumes from engines are subjected to stage wise reuse procedures to make maximum benefit of the fuel combustion.

3. In this method a mixture of graphite nano powder, nickel nano powder, platinum nano powder mixed salts like ammonium chloride are thoroughly made into a jelly by mixing with agar-agar jelly and this mixture is coated over graphite soaked non-woven fabric used as a membrane for fuel cell electrolysis reaction.

4. In this method suitable measures like collection of remnants of unburnt fossil fuel over a fabric which is filled with fuel adsorbing chemicals are employed. Appropriate measures will be provided with controlled mechatronics to make reuse of collected unburnt fuels back into the engine for ignition.

5. In the next stage the remaining of the exhaust fumes which consist of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are passed through a chamber containing the specially designed fabric as mentioned in the 1st point above which acts as catalytic surface.

6. In this chamber, carbon dioxide gas is sent out unreacted into collection cylinders provided separately and can be reused after exceeding a regulated volume back into engine.

7. The carbon monoxide fumes undergo formation of nickel carbonyl compounds as intermediate stage and further subjected for hydrogenation when hydrogen gas is flushed in controlled manner form hydrogen tank provided in the system.

8. Due to above reduction reaction which is taking place under a controlled release of carbon monoxide from intermediate state and hydrogen release from palladium grid to produce methane gas as end product.

9. The above reaction is an electrolytic reaction in the presence of graphite membrane discussed earlier thereby producing a continuous generation of power, acting as a fuel cell.

10. The methane gas liberated can be introduced into combustion portion of engine where it can be burnt to increase fuel efficiency.

11. It is complex multistage technology where complete utilization of all the exhaust fumes is occurring and simultaneously gaseous carbon monoxide is acting as a fuel cell with the help of hydrogen to produce electricity.

4. Description

In this method of invention, a special type of membrane made up of nickel, graphite, vanadium pentoxide and platinum are made by using their nano particles obtained through laser ablation techniques. These nano particular mixtures are taken in agar-agar jelly mixture where ammonium chloride like salts are also mixed. This jelly kind of material will be taken over non-woven fabric which acts as conductive catalytic surface which will be arranged in the stream of exhaust fumes liberated in every vehicle emissions where petroleum based fuels are burnt. In this catalytic reduction method, the freshly burnt fuel fumes are passed over compounds which can absorb petrol, diesel, gasoline vapours, etc, onto their surfaces in the first stage to eliminate unburnt petroleum fuel exhausts. Collection of unburnt petroleum based fuel molecules will provide recovery of almost majority of unutilized fuel for reburning, which increases the efficiency of fuel combustion systems.

The remaining fumes which consist of a mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in hot conditions will be passed through the membrane produced with agar-agar jelly mentioned above into a separate chamber constructed where hydrogen gas produced from electrolysis of water from another separate fuel tank is injected. At this stage hot carbon dioxide fumes escapes out without undergoing any further chemical change and will be collected in a separate cylinder provided along with exhaust discharge systems.

The compressed carbon dioxide fumes accumulated in this chamber will be used periodically at regular intervals by injecting into the carburetor system to enhance the mileage. In this step the released waste carbon dioxide fumes are recycled to enhance the fuel efficiency.

Carbon monoxide fumes are collected in the chamber over a specially designed membrane which is a part of the invention and is subjected for catalytic reaction, where it undergoes an intermediate nickel carbonyl compound formation. The presence of vanadium pentoxide coupled with platinum increases the rate of utilization of carbon monoxide gas in formation of carbonyl compounds. When hydrogen gas is flushed through a control release valve into this chamber, carbonyl compounds decompose to release carbon monoxide gas molecules in proportion to the hydrogen gas available as a natural phenomenon under high pressure and temperature. Here carbon monoxide reacts with hydrogen over nickel surface and converts into methane gas. In this chemical reaction transportation of electrons takes place and this electron flow will produce electricity which can be used for continuous electrolysis of water in hydrogen gas liberation tank. With the help of this reaction, complete conversion of green house gases like carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are again reutilized.

The methane gas which is liberated out can be collected into a separate cylinder provided and can be used as an alternative fuel.

Background of invention

There are fuel cells which are used in power generation, battery construction using different fuels like water, salt solutions and metal oxides, etc throughout the globe. But the utilization of these fuels is finding limited practice due to the cost associated with platinum based membranes. Every petroleum based fuels like petrol. Diesel, gasoline, compressed natural gas (CNG), etc when burnt in engines, major portion of unburnt fuel mixed with carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gases sent out as exhaust fumes. As per a general study it was observed that only up to 15% of the fuel burnt is only properly utilized. The unburnt fuel compounds poses a hazard to the environment by causing pollution. There is a need for exploring different technologies like catalytic oxidation for effective utilization of unburnt fumes. The present endeavor of the invention is to propose a system in which unburnt petroleum fuels can be collected back for reuse in first stage and the mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide fumes collected and treated in different methods to convert into methane kind of combustible gases. In the whole process only carbon dioxide gas will only be released out when collection tank capacity is suffiecint.

5. Claims

1. We claim that the present invention is a comprehensive procedure for effective utilization of exhausts of fossil fuel combustion and any other reaction or combustion procedures which release compounds similar to fossil fuel combustion.

2. We claim that with the help of specially designed membranes, carbon monoxide gases when mixed with hydrogen gas acts as a gaseous fuel cell to produce continuous electricity that can be fed to the batteries and further utilized.

3. We claim in this invention a construction method for designing of a special membrane which can act as fuel cell membrane, as a catalytic converter and also as hydrogen release controller in whatever quantity required for fuel cell electrolysis.

4. We claim a continuous production of hydrogen gas which can be fed into fuel cell chamber, which is produced from carbon monoxide fuel cell power generation.

5. We claim effective collection and utilization of carbon dioxide hot fumes in enhancing fuel efficiency when fed into the combustion engine in a controlled manner.

6. We claim an effective way for collection of unburnt fossil fuel remnants after the first combustion through appropriate mechanism suggested for multiple reuse in the further combustions.

7. We claim that using this comprehensive fuel utilization procedure, complete elimination green house gases into atmosphere is ensured which attracts carbon credits wherever the procedure is adapted.

8. We claim that similar procedure or parts of the procedure can be employed wherever other fuels like coal, biomass, wood, etc are burnt releasing mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide emissions in various procedures of industry.

9. We claim that the same procedure can be adapted to produce power in any other chemical reaction wherever mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are liberated.

10. We claim according to the claim 2 mentioned, wherever a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas is liberated, fuel cell power generation is possible.