Title of the invention: Gas barrier laminate, packaging material and tube container using the same.
Technical field
[0001]
The present disclosure relates to a gas barrier laminate, and packaging materials and tube containers using the same.
Background technology
[0002]
The gas barrier laminate, which is a combination of a plastic film base material and a layer of an inorganic compound composed of silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, etc., is widely used for packaging articles that require blocking of various gases such as water vapor and oxygen. Has been done. Various improvements have been studied for such a gas barrier laminated body for the purpose of preventing deterioration of the gas barrier property and further improving the barrier property. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a gas barrier laminate having a base material having a polyethylene naphthalate layer, a layer composed of a composition containing an acrylic polyol and an isocyanate compound, and an inorganic thin film layer in this order. It has been disclosed.
Prior art literature
Patent documents
[0003]
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-49266
Outline of the invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
[0004]
By the way, in recent years, due to the growing environmental awareness caused by the problem of marine plastic waste, there is a growing demand for higher efficiency in separate collection and recycling of plastic materials. That is, even in the case of soft packaging materials, which have been improved in performance by combining various different materials, there is a demand for monomaterialization. However, when trying to realize monomaterialization using a polyolefin resin, it is difficult to obtain good barrier properties and hot water treatment resistance.
[0005]
The present disclosure provides a polyolefin-based gas barrier laminate which is useful for realizing excellent recyclability of a packaging material and has excellent gas barrier properties. The present disclosure provides packaging materials and tube containers using this gas barrier laminate.
Means to solve problems
[0006]
One aspect of the present disclosure provides a gas barrier laminate comprising a base material layer, a first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, a Si or Al-containing thin film layer, and a second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer in this order. In the gas barrier laminate, the base material layer contains a polyolefin resin, and is measured by a rigid pendulum type physical property tester on the surface of the first polyvinyl alcohol resin layer on the side in contact with the Si or Al-containing thin film layer 100. The logarithmic decrement at ° C is 0.20 or less, the logarithmic decrement at 125 ° C is 0.30 or less, and the indentation hardness by the nanoindenter on the surface of the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer is 0.5. It is about 1.0 GPa. Polyolefin-based resins generally have a lower barrier property as a base material than polyester-based resins such as PET, and because they are soft, they are liable to deteriorate in the process of processing or sterilization. On the other hand, the above gas barrier laminate has a Si or Al-containing thin film layer sandwiched (sandwiched) by the first and second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layers on the polyolefin base material, which is excellent. It has a gas barrier property. Further, since the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer itself has predetermined physical properties, the thin film layer held on the soft polyolefin base material is protected even if the sterilization treatment is performed at a high temperature of, for example, 100 ° C. or higher, and the sterilization treatment is performed. The barrier property can be maintained even after that.
[0007]
One aspect of the present disclosure provides a packaging material comprising the gas barrier laminate and a sealant layer provided on a surface opposite to the substrate layer of the gas barrier laminate.
[0008]
One aspect of the present disclosure comprises a tubular body with one end closed and a spout attached to the other end of the body, wherein the body is made of the gas barrier laminate and unstretched polyolefin. Provided is a tube container composed of a film containing a layer.
[0009]
Since the gas barrier laminate achieves excellent gas barrier properties by a sandwich structure made of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, the choice of resin materials constituting the base material layer can be expanded. Therefore, there is an advantage that the resin material constituting the base material layer and the resin material constituting the sealant layer can be easily matched. For example, by using a base material layer made of a polyolefin resin and a sealant layer made of a polyolefin resin in combination, it is possible to realize a monomaterial for a packaging material. In the present disclosure, the monomaterial packaging material refers to a packaging material in which the mass ratio of a specific material (for example, a polyolefin resin) is 90% by mass or more.
The invention's effect
[0010]
According to the present disclosure, there is provided a polyolefin-based gas barrier laminate that is useful for realizing excellent recyclability of a packaging material and has excellent gas barrier properties. According to the present disclosure, packaging materials and tube containers using this gas barrier laminate are provided.
A brief description of the drawing
[0011]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a laminated body according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a packaging material according to an embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a packaging material according to an embodiment.
Embodiment for carrying out the invention
[0012]
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as the case may be. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted. Further, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are not limited to the ratios shown in the drawings.
[0013]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a gas barrier laminate according to an embodiment. The gas barrier laminate 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a base material layer 10, a first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer 11, a Si or Al-containing thin film layer 12, and a second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer 13 in this order.
[0014]
(Base layer)
The base material layer is a film that serves as one of the supports, and contains a polyolefin-based resin.
[0015]
Examples of the polyolefin resin include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polybutene (PB), cycloolefin polymer and the like. Examples of the polyolefin-based resin include acid-modified polyolefins obtained by graft-modifying a polyolefin with an unsaturated carboxylic acid, an acid anhydride of an unsaturated carboxylic acid, an ester of an unsaturated carboxylic acid, or the like. As a raw material monomer for polypropylene synthesis, a small amount of second, third, etc. components such as ethylene and butene may be used. From the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance, a propylene monopolymer film can be used as the base material layer.
[0016]
The film constituting the base material layer may be a stretched film or a non-stretched film. However, from the viewpoint of impact resistance, heat resistance, water resistance, dimensional stability, etc., the film constituting the base material layer may be a stretched film. The stretching method is not particularly limited, and any method may be used as long as a film having stable dimensions can be supplied, such as stretching by inflation, uniaxial stretching, or biaxial stretching.
[0017]
The thickness of the base material layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of obtaining excellent impact resistance and excellent gas barrier property, it can be 9 to 100 μm, and may be 15 to 30 μm.
[0018]
The film constituting the base material layer may be subjected to various pretreatments such as corona treatment, plasma treatment, frame treatment, etc., or a coat layer such as an easy-adhesion layer may be provided on the laminated surface as long as the barrier performance is not impaired. I do not care.
[0019]
The film constituting the base material layer may contain additives such as an antistatic agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a plasticizer, and a slip agent, if necessary.
[0020]
(First polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer)
The polyvinyl alcohol-based resin may have a vinyl alcohol unit in which the vinyl ester unit is saponified, and examples thereof include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH). EVOH can be preferably used from the viewpoint of heat resistance and gas barrier properties.
[0021]
As the PVA, for example, vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl formate, vinyl propionate, vinyl valerate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl versatic acid, etc. are independently polymerized. Then, the saponified resin is mentioned.
[0022]
The PVA may be a copolymerized or post-modified modified PVA. The copolymerized PVA can be obtained, for example, by copolymerizing a vinyl ester with an unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the vinyl ester and then saponifying the vinyl ester. The post-modified PVA can be obtained by copolymerizing an unsaturated monomer with PVA obtained by polymerizing a vinyl ester and then saponifying it in the presence of a polymerization catalyst. The amount of modification in the modified PVA can be less than 50 mol% from the viewpoint of exhibiting sufficient gas barrier properties, and can be 10 mol% or more from the viewpoint of obtaining the effect of modification.
[0023]
Examples of the unsaturated monomer include olefins such as ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, α-octene, α-dodecene and α-octadecene; 3-butene-1-ol, 4-pentin-1-ol, 5-hexene-. Hydroxy group-containing α-olefins such as 1-ol; unsaturated acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, and undecylenic acid; nitriles such as acrylonitrile and metaacrylonitrile; diacetone acrylamide. , Amid such as acrylamide and methacrylicamide; olefin sulfonic acid such as ethylene sulfonic acid, allyl sulfonic acid and methallyl sulfonic acid; alkyl vinyl ether, dimethyl allyl vinyl ketone, N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinyl chloride, vinyl ethylene carbonate, 2,2 -Vinyl compounds such as dialkyl-4-vinyl-1,3-diokinlan, glycerin monoallyl ether, 3,4-diacetoxy-1-butene; vinylidene chloride, 1,4-diacetoxy-2-butene, vinylene carbonate, polyoxy Examples thereof include propylene and polyoxypropylene vinylamine. From the viewpoint of gas barrier property, the unsaturated monomer may be an olefin, and may be ethylene in particular.
[0024]
Examples of the polymerization catalyst include radical polymerization catalysts such as azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide, and lauryl peroxide. The polymerization method is not particularly limited, and bulk polymerization, emulsion polymerization, solvent polymerization and the like can be adopted.
[0025]
The degree of polymerization of PVA is preferably 300 to 3000. If the degree of polymerization is less than 300, the barrier property tends to decrease, and if it exceeds 3000, the viscosity is too high and the coatability tends to decrease. The degree of saponification of PVA is preferably 80 mol% or more, more preferably 90 mol% or more, still more preferably 98 mol% or more. Further, the saponification degree of PVA may be 100 mol% or less or 99.9 mol% or less. The degree of polymerization and saponification of PVA can be measured according to the method described in JIS K 6726 (1994).
[0026]
EVOH is generally a copolymer of ethylene with an acid vinyl ester such as vinyl acetate, vinyl formate, vinyl propionate, vinyl valerate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl versatic acid and the like. It is obtained by converting.
[0027]
The ethylene unit content of EVOH is 10 mol% or more, more preferably 15 mol% or more, further preferably 20 mol% or more, and particularly preferably larger than 35 mol%. The ethylene unit content of EVOH is preferably 65 mol% or less, more preferably 55 mol% or less, still more preferably less than 50 mol%. When the ethylene unit content is 10 mol% or more, the gas barrier property or the dimensional stability under high humidity can be kept good. On the other hand, when the ethylene unit content is 65 mol% or less, the gas barrier property can be enhanced. The ethylene unit content of EVOH can be determined by the NMR method.
[0028]
Saponification can be done with alkali or acid, but the speed of saponification Alkali can be used from the viewpoint of degree. Examples of the alkali include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium ethylate, potassium ethyllate and lithium methylate.
[0029]
The thickness of the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer is not particularly limited, but may be 0.05 to 5 μm, may be 0.1 to 2 μm, and may be 0.3 from the viewpoint of barrier properties and processability. It may be up to 1 μm.
[0030]
The mass per unit area of ​​the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer can be 0.1 to 10 g / m 2. When this mass is 0.1 g / m 2 or more, the surface 11a of the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer can be sufficiently smoothed even if the surface 10a of the base material layer is insufficiently smooth. A Si or Al-containing thin film layer having excellent gas barrier properties can be formed on the surface 11a. On the other hand, the fact that this mass is 10 g / m 2 or less is advantageous in terms of realizing a monomaterial for packaging materials and reducing material costs.
[0031]
The surface roughness Sa of the surface 11a of the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer can be, for example, 0.2 μm or less, and may be 0.01 to 0.1 μm or 0.02 to 0.1 μm. .. When the surface roughness Sa of the surface 11a is 0.2 μm or less, a Si or Al-containing thin film layer having excellent gas barrier properties can be formed on the surface 11a. On the other hand, when the surface roughness Sa of the surface 11a is 0.01 μm or more, the adhesion between the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer and the Si or Al-containing thin film layer is improved due to the anchor effect as compared with the case where the surface roughness Sa is less than 0.01 μm. Can be improved. The value of the surface roughness Sa here means a value measured by using VertScan (manufactured by Ryoka System Co., Ltd.).
[0032]
According to the studies by the present inventors, for example, when a propylene monopolymer film (monopolymer layer) is used as the base material layer, the propylene monopolymer film has excellent heat resistance, but its surface is surface. It has the disadvantage that it tends to be leaf vein-like. Therefore, even if a Si or Al-containing thin film layer is directly formed on the surface thereof, sufficient barrier properties cannot be achieved. Therefore, excellent gas barrier properties can be achieved by interposing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer between the propylene monopolymer film and the Si or Al-containing thin film layer. By using a propylene monopolymer film as a base material layer and a polypropylene-based resin film as a sealant layer in combination, a monomaterial packaging material can be produced.
[0033]
From the viewpoint of achieving excellent oxygen barrier properties on the surface 11a of the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, the logarithmic decrement at 100 ° C. measured by a rigid pendulum type physical property tester is 0.20 or less, and 0. It may be 18 or less, and may be 0.15 or less. The lower limit of the logarithmic decrement is not particularly limited, but it can be 0.01 or more from the viewpoint of suppressing cracking of the membrane during the sterilization treatment due to the membrane becoming too hard, and it is easy to maintain excellent oxygen barrier properties. From the viewpoint, it may be 0.1 or more. Further, from the viewpoint of achieving excellent oxygen barrier properties on the surface 11a of the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, the logarithmic decrement at 125 ° C. measured by a rigid pendulum type physical property tester is 0.30 or less. It may be 0.28 or less, and may be 0.25 or less. The lower limit of the logarithmic decrement is not particularly limited, but it can be 0.01 or more from the viewpoint of suppressing cracking of the membrane during the sterilization treatment due to the membrane becoming too hard, and it is easy to maintain excellent oxygen barrier properties. From the viewpoint, it may be 0.1 or more. This logarithmic decrement can be measured by the rigid pendulum method, for example, using a rigid pendulum type physical property tester RPT-3000W manufactured by A & D Co., Ltd. RBP-020 is used as the pipe edge, and the measurement is performed by heating from 30 ° C. to 130 ° C. at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min. Measurements are made at three points under these conditions, and the average value of the logarithmic decrement at 100 ° C and 125 ° C is calculated, respectively. A small logarithmic decrement means that the resin molecules constituting the surface to be measured are difficult to move even when exposed to heat.
[0034]
(Si or Al-containing thin film layer)
Examples of the Si or Al (atom) -containing compound contained in the Si or Al-containing thin film layer include metal oxides such as silicon oxide (SiOx) and aluminum oxide (AlOx), metallic aluminum (Al), and silicon nitride (SiN). , Silicon oxynitride (SiON) and the like. From the viewpoint of transparency and barrier property, the Si or Al-containing compound can be aluminum oxide and silicon oxide. Further, the Si or Al-containing compound may be silicon oxide from the viewpoint of excellent tensile stretchability during processing. By using the Si or Al-containing thin film layer, high barrier properties can be obtained while suppressing the thickness.
[0035]
The layer thickness of the Si or Al-containing thin film layer can be 5 to 80 nm. When the layer thickness is 5 nm or more, it becomes easy to obtain sufficient gas barrier properties. Further, when the layer thickness is 80 nm or less, the generation of cracks due to the deformation due to the internal stress of the thin film is suppressed, and the deterioration of the gas barrier property is easily suppressed. If the layer thickness exceeds 80 nm, the cost tends to increase due to an increase in the amount of material used, a long film forming time, and the like, which is not preferable from an economical point of view. From the above viewpoint, the layer thickness of the Si or Al-containing thin film layer may be 10 to 50 nm and may be 20 to 40 nm.
[0036]
(Second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer)
Regarding the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin constituting the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, the contents described in the section of the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer can be referred to.
[0037]
The second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer may contain Si. Specifically, the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer may be a cured product of a raw material containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and a silane compound. Examples of the silane compound include tetraalkoxysilanes such as tetramethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane, and silazanes such as hexamethyldisilazane. As the silane compound, a compound generally used as a silane coupling agent or a polysiloxane compound having a siloxane bond may be used. Examples of the silane coupling agent include epoxysilane (glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, etc.), (meth) acrylic silane (acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, etc.), aminosilane, ureidosilane, isocyanatesilane, and isocyanuratesilane (Tris). (3-Trialkoxysilylpropyl) isocyanurate, etc.), mercaptosilane, and the like.
[0038]
When forming the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, the amount of the silane compound in the raw material is based on 1 part by mass of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin from the viewpoint of adhesion to the Si or Al-containing thin film layer and maintenance of gas barrier property. It may be 0.3 to 5.0 parts by mass, 0.4 to 4.5 parts by mass, or 0.5 to 4.0 parts by mass.
[0039]
The thickness of the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer is not particularly limited, but may be 0.05 to 2 μm, may be 0.1 to 0.6 μm, and may be 0 from the viewpoint of barrier properties and processability. It may be 2 to 0.5 μm.
[0040]
From the viewpoint of achieving excellent oxygen barrier properties on the surface 13a of the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, that is, the surface on the side not in contact with the Si or Al-containing thin film layer, the indentation hardness by the nanoindenter is 0.5. It may be ~ 1.0 GPa, 0.65 to 0.95 GPa, and may be 0.8 to 0.9 GPa.
[0041]

The gas barrier laminate may be, for example, a step of forming a first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer on a base material layer, a step of forming a Si or Al-containing thin film layer on the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, and a step of forming Si or Al. It can be manufactured by a manufacturing method including a step of forming a second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer on the Al-containing thin film layer.
[0042]
(Step of forming the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer)
In this step, a coating liquid containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and a liquid medium can be used. The coating liquid can be obtained by dissolving, for example, a powder of a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin obtained by synthesis in a liquid medium. Examples of the liquid medium include water, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, various glycols, polyhydric alcohols such as trimethylolpropane, and amines such as ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Water can be used as a liquid medium from the viewpoint of reducing the environmental load. In this case, the coating liquid can be obtained by dissolving the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin powder in water at a high temperature (for example, 80 ° C.).
[0043]
The content of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin (solid content) in the coating liquid can be 3 to 20% by mass from the viewpoint of maintaining good coatability.
[0044]
The coating liquid may contain additives such as isocyanate and polyethyleneimine in order to improve adhesion. Further, the coating liquid may contain additives such as preservatives, plasticizers, alcohols and surfactants.
[0045]
The coating liquid can be applied to the base material layer by any appropriate method. The coating liquid can be applied by, for example, a wet film forming method such as a gravure coater, a dip coater, a reverse coater, a wire bar coater, and a die coater. The coating temperature and the drying temperature of the coating liquid are not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 50 ° C. or higher.
[0046]
The first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer may be formed on the base material layer by an extrusion method. In the case of extrusion, multi-layer extrusion using a T-die can be adopted. Examples of the adhesive that can be used during extrusion include maleic anhydride-modified polypropylene resin.
[0047]
The adhesive layer may be formed in advance on the base material layer by applying the above-mentioned adhesive component on the base material layer and then drying it.
[0048]
The thickness of the adhesive layer can be 0.1 to 50 μm, and may be 0.5 to 20 μm, from the viewpoint of adhesiveness, followability, processability, and the like.
[0049]
(Step of forming a Si or Al-containing thin film layer)
The Si or Al-containing thin film layer can be formed, for example, by vacuum film formation. In the vacuum film formation, a physical vapor deposition method or a chemical vapor deposition method can be used. Examples of the physical vapor deposition method include, but are not limited to, a vacuum vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, and an ion plating method. Examples of the chemical vapor deposition method include, but are not limited to, a thermal CVD method, a plasma CVD method, and an optical CVD method.
[0050]
In the above vacuum film formation, resistance heating type vacuum deposition method, EB (Electron Beam) heating type vacuum deposition method, induction heating type vacuum deposition method, sputtering method, reactive sputtering method, dual magnetron sputtering method, plasma chemical vapor deposition method (PECVD method) and the like are particularly preferably used. However, considering productivity, the vacuum deposition method is the best at present. As the heating means of the vacuum vapor deposition method, it is preferable to use any one of an electron beam heating method, a resistance heating method, and an induction heating method.
[0051]
(Step of forming a second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer)
In this step, the coating liquid can be used in the same manner as the step of forming the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer. As for the coating liquid, the contents described in the section of the step of forming the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer can be referred to.
[0052]
The coating liquid for forming the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer may contain a silane compound. Of the silane compound in the coating liquid The content may be adjusted so that a desired amount of the silane compound is contained with respect to the amount of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin.
[0053]
When the coating liquid contains a silane compound, the coating liquid may further contain an acid catalyst, an alkali catalyst, a photoinitiator, and the like.
[0054]

The packaging material includes the above-mentioned gas barrier laminate and a sealant layer provided on the surface of the gas barrier laminate. Examples of the sealant layer include a layer containing a polyolefin-based resin or a polyester-based resin. 2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing a packaging material according to an embodiment.
[0055]
In the packaging material 200 shown in FIG. 2, the gas barrier laminate 100 and the sealant layer 14 provided on the surface of the gas barrier laminate 100 opposite to the base material layer (on the surface 13a of the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer) are provided. And. For example, when both the base material layer 10 and the sealant layer 14 are made of a polyolefin resin, the content of the polyolefin resin is 90% by mass or more (preferably 95% by mass or more) based on the total mass of the packaging material 200. be able to. Such a packaging material 200 can realize a monomaterial.
[0056]
In the above embodiment, the packaging material 200 in which the sealant layer 14 is bonded to the surface of the gas barrier laminate 100 on the barrier layer side is exemplified, but the sealant layer 14 is placed on the surface of the gas barrier laminate 100 on the substrate layer 10 side. They may be pasted together (see FIG. 3). The packaging material 300 shown in FIG. 3 has a structure in which the barrier layer side of the gas barrier laminate 100 faces the general OPP film 15 (printing substrate or the like), and the sealant layer 14 is bonded to the substrate layer 10 side of the gas barrier laminate 100. Has.
[0057]

The above gas barrier laminate can also be used for the tube container. Specifically, in a tube container provided with a tubular body portion in which one end is closed and a spout portion attached to the other end of the body portion, the gas barrier laminate and an unstretched body portion are formed on the body portion. By using a film containing a layer of polyolefin, a tube container having a body substantially made of polyolefin and having a barrier property can be obtained. As a general tube container, a film in which the gas barrier laminate is sandwiched between layers of unstretched polyolefin is used in the body.
[0058]
The thickness of the film constituting the body portion can be, for example, 30 to 300 μm. Polypropylene is preferable as the base material of the gas barrier laminate and the material constituting the unstretched polyolefin from the viewpoint of heat resistance. At this time, if a resin material containing polypropylene, which is the same resin as the base material, is selected as the main component of the spout, the tube container body can be recycled without being separated, which is preferable.
Example
[0059]
Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to experimental examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to these experimental examples.
[0060]

The following was prepared as the base material layer.
PET film: P60 (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc., thickness 12 μm)
OPP film A: M-1 (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Tohcello Co., Ltd., thickness 20 μm)
OPP film B: A film in which prime polypro (manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd., thickness 18 μm), which is a homopolypropylene resin, and adhesive resin Admer (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., thickness 1 μm) are pressed together.
PE film: Stretched high-density polyethylene film (manufactured by Tokyo Ink Co., Ltd., trade name: SMUQ, thickness 25 μm)
[0061]
The following was prepared as the coating liquid.
PVA coating liquid: JF-05 (manufactured by Japan Vam & Poval Co., Ltd.)
PVA coating liquid (containing TEOS): JF-05 mixed with TEOS. The mixing amount was adjusted so that the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and TEOS was the value shown in the table.
Ethylene-modified PVA coating solution: Exevar RS2817SB (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.)
EVOH coating liquid
Polyurethane coating liquid: Takenate A65 (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.)
[0062]
(Experimental Example 1)
A PVA coating liquid was applied on the surface of the PET film (first layer: base material layer) and then dried to form a PVA layer (second layer: first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer). The mass per unit area of ​​the PVA layer was 0.5 g / m 2. The thickness of the PVA layer was 0.5 μm. The surface roughness Sa of the surface of the PVA layer was 0.32 μm. The value of the surface roughness Sa was measured using VertScan (manufactured by Ryoka System Co., Ltd.).
[0063]
A SiOx film (third layer) was formed on the surface of the PVA layer using an electron beam heating type vacuum vapor deposition apparatus. That is, the SiO vapor deposition material was evaporated by electron beam heating to form a SiOx film (thickness 30 nm).
[0064]
Next, a PVA layer containing Si (fourth layer: second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer) was formed on the surface of the SiOx film. Specifically, TEOS, methanol, and hydrochloric acid (0.1N) were mixed so as to have a mass ratio of 18/10/72 to obtain a hydrolyzed solution (TEOS-containing solution). A coating liquid was prepared by mixing a 5% aqueous solution of PVA and a TEOS-containing liquid so that the mass ratio of PVA and TEOS was 6/4. A PVA layer containing Si was formed by applying this coating liquid to the surface of the SiOx film and then drying it. The mass per unit area of ​​the PVA layer containing Si was 0.3 g / m 2. The thickness of the PVA layer containing Si was 0.3 μm.
[0065]
In Table 1, the logarithmic decrement on the surface of the second layer on the third layer side was measured by the rigid pendulum method (Rigid pendulum type physical property tester RPT-3000W manufactured by A & D Co., Ltd.).
[0066]
In Table 1, the indentation hardness on the surface opposite to the third layer side of the fourth layer was measured by a nanoindenter according to the following measurement conditions. During the measurement, the sample was fixed with an epoxy adhesive while keeping it horizontal.
(Measurement condition)
Control mode: Displacement control
Pushing depth: 30 nm
Pushing time: 1s, holding time: 1s, pulling time: 1s
Number of measurement points: 30 points (5 points x 3 points x 2 sets)
Measurement interval: 50 μm
[0067]
(Experimental Example 2)
A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that OPP film A was used instead of PET film and EVOH coating liquid was used instead of PVA coating liquid. The mass per unit area of ​​the EVOH layer was 0.61 g / m 2. The surface roughness Sa of the surface of the EVOH layer was 0.08 μm.
[0068]
(Experimental Example 3)
An EVOH layer (thickness 1 μm) was formed on the surface of the OPP film B by an extrusion method via an adhesive resin admer. After that, a laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1. The mass per unit area of ​​the EVOH layer was 1.21 g / m 2. The surface roughness Sa of the surface of the EVOH layer was 0.08 μm.
[0069]
(Experimental Example 4)
A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that an ethylene-modified PVA coating solution was used instead of the PVA coating solution.
[0070]
(Experimental Example 5)
A laminate similar to Experimental Example 3 except that an AlOx thin film (thickness 10 nm) was formed instead of the SiOx thin film by using an aluminum ingot instead of the SiO vapor deposition material and creating an oxygen-containing atmosphere in the chamber. Got The mass per unit area of ​​the EVOH layer was 1.21 g / m 2. The surface roughness Sa of the surface of the EVOH layer was 0.08 μm.
[0071]
(Experimental Example 6)
As the coating liquid for forming the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, the same as in Experimental Example 4 except that the coating liquid having a mass ratio of 99.5 / 0.5 between the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and TEOS was used. Obtained a laminate.
[0072]
(Experimental Example 7)
A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 2 except that the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer was not formed.
[0073]
(Experimental Example 8)
A laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 2 except that the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer was not formed.
[0074]
(Experimental Example 9)
A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 2 except that a polyurethane coating solution was used instead of the EVOH coating solution.
[0075]
(Experimental Example 10)
The following coating liquid was prepared in order to form a PVA layer (second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer) containing Si. That is, a solution obtained by hydrolyzing TEOS with an acid was mixed with an aqueous solution of PVA, and finally a silane coupling agent dissolved in water / isopropanol was mixed. As a result, a coating liquid having a mass ratio of PVA, TEOS and a silane coupling agent of 20/70/10 was prepared. A PVA layer containing Si was formed by applying this coating liquid to the surface of the SiOx film and then drying it. Except for this, a laminated body was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 3. The mass per unit area of ​​the EVOH layer was 0.61 g / m 2. The surface roughness Sa of the surface of the EVOH layer was 0.08 μm.
[0076]
(Experimental Example 11)
A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 5, except that the coating solution prepared in Experimental Example 10 was used as the coating solution for forming the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer. The mass per unit area of ​​the EVOH layer was 0.61 g / m 2. The surface roughness Sa of the surface of the EVOH layer was 0.08 μm.
[0077]
(Experimental Example 12)
Laminating in the same manner as in Experimental Example 3 except that a PE film was used instead of OPP film B and the coating liquid prepared in Experimental Example 10 was used as the coating liquid for forming the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer. I got a body. The mass per unit area of ​​the EVOH layer was 0.61 g / m 2. The surface roughness Sa of the surface of the EVOH layer was 0.08 μm.
[0078]
(Experimental Example 13)
The same as in Experimental Example 2 except that the PVA coating solution was used instead of the EVOH coating solution and the coating solution prepared in Experimental Example 10 was used as the coating solution for forming the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer. A laminate was obtained. The mass per unit area of ​​the PVA layer was 0.5 g / m 2. The surface roughness Sa of the surface of the PVA layer was 0.32 μm.
[0079]
(Experimental Example 14)
A laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 3 except that the coating solution prepared in Experimental Example 6 was used as the coating solution for forming the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer. The mass per unit area of ​​the EVOH layer was 1.21 g / m 2. The surface roughness Sa of the surface of the EVOH layer was 0.08 μm.
[0080] [0080]
[table 1]

[0081]

The oxygen permeability of each laminate was measured by MOCON OX-TRAN using a method according to JIS-K7126-2. The measurement conditions were 30 ° C. and 70 RH%. The oxygen permeability after the boiling treatment was measured after immersing each laminate in hot water at 90 ° C. for 30 minutes. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0082]
[Table 2]

[0083]
As shown in Table 2, it was confirmed that the laminates of Experimental Examples 2, 3, 5, 10 to 14 having the constitution of the present disclosure have excellent gas barrier properties even though they are polyolefin-based laminates. Was done.
Code description
[0084]
10 ... Base material layer, 11 ... First polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, 12 ... Si or Al-containing thin film layer, 13 ... Second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, 14 ... Sealant layer, 100 ... Gas barrier laminate, 200, 300 ... Packaging material.

The scope of the claims
[Claim 1]
A base material layer, a first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer, a Si or Al-containing thin film layer, and a second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer are provided in this order.
The base material layer contains a polyolefin resin and
The logarithmic decrement at 100 ° C. measured by a rigid pendulum type physical property tester on the surface of the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer in contact with the Si or Al-containing thin film layer is 0.20 or less and 125 ° C. The logarithmic decrement in is 0.30 or less,
The indentation hardness by the nanoindenter on the surface of the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer is 0.5 to 1.0 GPa.
Gas barrier laminate.
[Claim 2]
The gas barrier laminate according to claim 1, wherein the second polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer contains Si.
[Claim 3]
The second poly The vinyl alcohol-based resin layer is a cured product of a raw material containing a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin and a silane compound, and the amount of the silane compound in the raw material is 0.3 to 5.0 mass with respect to 1 part by mass of the polyvinyl alcohol-based resin. The gas barrier laminate according to claim 1 or 2, which is a part.
[Claim 4]
The gas barrier laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the Si or Al-containing thin film layer contains at least one of silicon oxide and aluminum oxide.
[Claim 5]
The gas barrier laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the Si or Al-containing thin film layer has a thickness of 5 to 80 nm.
[Claim 6]
The gas barrier laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mass of the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer per unit area is 0.1 to 10 g / m 2.
[Claim 7]
The gas barrier laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the surface roughness Sa of the first polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer on the side in contact with the Si or Al-containing thin film layer is 0.2 μm or less.
[Claim 8]
The gas barrier laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the base material layer is a propylene monopolymer layer.
[Claim 9]
The gas barrier laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and the gas barrier laminate.
The sealant layer provided on the surface of the gas barrier laminate and
Packaging material.
[Claim 10]
The base material layer of the gas barrier laminate is made of a polyolefin resin.
The sealant layer is made of a polyolefin resin,
The packaging material according to claim 9, wherein the content of the polyolefin resin is 90% by mass or more based on the total mass of the packaging material.
[Claim 11]
With a tubular body with one end closed,
Provided with a spout port attached to the other end of the body
A tube container in which the body portion is composed of a film containing the gas barrier laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and a layer of unstretched polyolefin.