FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to solar photovoltaic system and more specifically it relates to a Green energy and Energy Management System (GeEMS) for integrating and managing the power from various sources and loads into an enclosed metallic structure consisting of DC-DC Converter, charge controllers, rectifier modules and sensors with indicators for efficient working of telecom sites.

BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART
The need for clean and sustainable energy has arisen with the depletion of fossil fuels and knowledge about their impact on the environment.

Use of renewable energy in India has increased tremendously over the past 10 years. Solar energy has occupied a major role in the power production in rural and urban areas. Though the maximum efficiency of solar panels is 23%, their use reduces the dependency on electricity grids to a great extent. It also serves as a good substitute for fossil fuels and oil reserves which are getting extinct and becoming more expensive.

A solar site generally has the following components for photovoltaic system installation - PV panels, battery for storing excess energy, charge controllers which determine the battery operation and inverters for converting the direct current (DC) output from the PV panel to alternating current (AC) power. The main components in a telecom site consists of a tower, communication equipments, a generator that is used as source of power and a shelter for storing materials such as battery bank which is used as storage of excess energy.

The DC-DC Converter is used at remote telecom sites where equalizing of FLA batteries are a problem. The FLA batteries are sometimes required to be equalized at a voltage higher than the permissible voltage levels for the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) system. An equalizing charge prevents battery stratification and reduces sulfation, the leading cause of battery failure.However, any voltage above this permissible level may cause failure at site and also damages. Equalization for batteries takes place when .the loads are detached from the batteries and the power to the loads is supplied from the available energy source at the site. The DC-DC Converter ensures that the batteries are equalized at a higher voltage even though the BTS is still kept within its permissible voltage ranges. The DC-DC Converter electronically isolates the load from the batteries during equalization. This makes the telecom site to operate efficiently without affecting the functionality of the BTS system.

It is important to keep these devices at a safe location for proper functioning and increased lifetime. In the prior art, several of these devices are located separately over a considerable area. This leads to difficulty in monitoring and maintenance of the different devices. Moreover, the chances of theft and pilferage go up. So, periodic observation of the devices becomes easier if they are placed at a common point.

The present invention seeks to overcome the above drawbacks of the prior art. In this invention, a single entity, which is a metallic box or cubicle, accommodates' all the components. It is called the GeEMS cubicle, which also provides protection from theft.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the present invention is to provide a single entity, which is a metal cubicle, to house different components of Green Energy and Energy Management System, which,are located distributed over a telecom site, at a common location.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system which is compact, easy to maintain and extracts maximum power from solar radiation.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system which is able to measure and control different functions such as charging and discharging of battery and distribution of AC and DC voltages.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system which senses the availability of voltage, current, power, energy and output of electricity grid.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system which selects the source of power between electricity grid and AC diesel generator, in the absence of solar energy.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system which senses the availability of voltage, current, power, energy and output of electricity grid.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide charge controllers having high efficiency which ensures an increase in the PV array output.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide a DC-DC Converter for ensuring the batteries are equalized at a higher voltage even though the BTS is still kept within its permissible voltage ranges.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide sensors and alarms for the efficient working of equipments in the telecom sites.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide led driver for controlling charge controller display.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide anti theft system with 3 point lock and pad lock bracket at front and rear side of the doors for the secure operation of equipments.

How the foregoing objects are achieved will be clear from the following description. In this context it is clarified that the description provided is non-limiting and is only by way of explanation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A Green Energy and Energy Management System is enclosed in a single entity which is a metallic cubicle. The cubicle comprises of charge controllers positioned in the lower portion of the cubicle, rectifier modules, switchgears and protection devices being positioned in the upper portion, sensors with digital indicator, DC-DC Converter and programmable logic controller being positioned in the middle portion, AC bus at the bottom, DC bus at the top, AC cable entry at the bottom and DC cable entry at the top of the cubicle, the AC cables being terminated at the AC breakers and AC contactors and the DC cables being terminated at the DC breakers and battery fuses. The DC-DC Converter is adapted to automatically and electronically isolate the load from the batteries during equalization.

The DC-DC Converter is adapted to ensure that the battery is automatically reconnected in the event that all the sources that are supplying power to the load fail, thereby ensuring no loss in uptime.

The charge controller is a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) charge controller which is adapted to regulate DC current and voltage to the loads fed through said common DC bus.

The programmable logic controller is adapted to communicate with all the devices for the selection between the electricity grid and AC diesel generator power in the absence of solar energy.

The DC cable entry is situated near LED indicators and smoke detector with support of said DC breakers.

A three-point lock and pad lock bracket is provided at both front and rear sides of the doors of the cubicle as an anti-theft measure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
The nature and scope of the present invention will be better understood from the accompanying drawings, which are by way of illustration of a preferred embodiment and not by way of any sort of limitation. In the accompanying drawings:-

Figure 1 is a functional block diagram illustrating the operation of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a front view of the cubicle of the green energy and energy management system (GeMS) with DC-DC converter according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a photographic front view of the DC-DC Converter installed in the GeMS cubicle shown in figure 1.

Figure 4 is a sectional top view GeMS cubicle of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Having described the main features of the invention above, a more detailed and non-limiting description of a preferred embodiment will be given in the following paragraphs with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In all the figures, like reference numerals represent like features. Further, the shape, size and number of the devices shown are by way of example only and it is within the scope of the present invention to change their shape, size and number without departing from the basic principle of the invention.

Further, when in the following it is referred to "top", "bottom", "upward", "downward", "above" or "below" , "right hand side", "left hand side" and similar terms , this is strictly referring to an orientation with reference to the apparatus , where the base of the apparatus is horizontal and is at the bottom portion of the figures. The number of components shown is exemplary and not restrictive and it is within the scope of the invention to vary the shape and size of the apparatus as well as the number of its components, without departing from the principle of the present invention.

All through the specification including the claims, the technical terms and abbreviations are to be interpreted in the broadest sense of the respective terms, and include all similar items in the field known by other terms, as may be clear to persons skilled in art. Restriction or limitation if any referred to in the specification, is solely by way of example and understanding the present invention.

Figures 1 through 4 illustrate a Green energy and Energy Management System with DC-DC Converter (A) which compromises with charge controllers (1), rectifier modules (2), switchgears/protection devices (3) and sensors (4) with digital indicators (5). The cables are entered through AC cable entry (6) and DC cable entry (7) respectively.

As shown in figure 1, power from the solar photovoltaic panels (PV) flows to the MPPT charge controllers (1) which regulate DC current and voltage to the loads flows through the common DC bus (8).

As shown in figure 2, the programmable logic controller (9) communicates with all the devices for the selection of electricity grid and AC diesel generator (DG), the AC output of which is converted to DC from AC by using the rectifiers (2) through common AC bus (10) in the absence of solar energy. The output from the programmable logic controller (9) controls the flow of current and voltage to the load (L) connected in addition to charging and discharging of the batteries (B) which is used as a backup in the sites. The DC-DC Converter (11) is an electronic device that is placed between the DC bus (8) and the batteries (B) and steps up the voltage seen across the batteries. It however ensures that the higher voltage across the batteries (B) and do not flow back into the DC bus (8).

The DC cable entry (7) is situated near the LED indicators (12) and smoke detector (13) with support of DC breakers (14) and battery fuses (15). The DC cables entered through the DC cable entry (7) is terminated at the DC breakers (14) and battery fuses (15) and the AC cables entered through the AC cable entry (6) are terminated at the AC breakers (16) and AC contactors (17). The output of the DC breakers (14) and AC breakers (16) will be connected to the charge controllers (1) and rectifiers (2); both the devices are connected to the programmable logic controller (9). The programmable logic controller (9) controls and measures the voltages across the load (L). Current transformers (18) and current measuring devices (19) with surge protection devices (3) are placed in a position without disturbing the working of exhaust fans (20). Proper ventilation and circulation is provided for maintaining the temperature inside the cubicle (A). As part of safety, LED indicators (12) and smoke detector (13) are used in the cubicle (A).

In normal case, while equalising batteries (B), the equalisation takes place only after removing or isolating the load (L) from the batteries (B) manually. The DC-DC Converter (11) electronically isolates the load (L) from the batteries (B) during equalization. Another advantage of this electronic isolation is that even if all the sources that are supplying power to the load (L) fail, the battery (B) is automatically reconnected thereby ensuring no loss in uptime. For a physical isolation, this is not instant as it needs the batteries (B) are to be physically reconnected to the load (L).

Advantages:
It provides a single entity, which is a metal cubicle, to house different components of Green Energy and Energy Management System, which are located distributed over a telecom site, at a common location.

provides a system which is compact, easy to maintain and extracts maximum power from solar radiation.

DC-DC Converter electronically isolates the load from the batteries during equalization, thereby eliminating the need of manual isolation.

Ensures that the battery is automatically reconnected, in the event that all the sources that are supplying power to the load (L) fail, thereby ensuring no loss in uptime.

measures and controls different functions such as charging and discharging of battery and distribution of AC and DC voltages.

senses the availability of voltage, current, power, energy and output of electricity grid.

selects the source of power between electricity grid and AC diesel generator, in the absence of solar energy. senses the availability of voltage, current, power, energy and output of electricity grid.

selects the source of power between electricity grid and AC diesel generator, in the absence of solar energy.

provides charge controllers having high efficiency which ensure an increase in the PV array output.

provides a DC-DC Converter for ensuring the batteries are equalized at a higher voltage even though the BTS is still kept within its permissible voltage range.

provides sensors and alarms for the efficient working of equipments in the telecom sites.
provides led driver for controlling charge controller display. provides anti theft system with three point lock and pad lock bracket at front and rear side of the doors for the secure operation of equipments.

The present invention has been described with reference to some drawings and a preferred embodiment purely for the sake of understanding and not by way of any limitation and the present invention includes all legitimate developments within the scope of what has been described herein before and claimed in the appended claims.

I claim:
l .A Green Energy and Energy Management System enclosed in a single entity which is a metallic cubicle (A), the cubicle comprising of charge controllers (1) positioned in the lower portion of the cubicle, rectifier modules (2), switchgears and protection devices (3) being positioned in the upper portion, sensors (4) with digital indicator (5), DC-DC Converter (11) and programmable logic controller (9) being positioned in the middle portion, AC bus (10) at the bottom, DC bus (8) at the top, AC cable entry (6) at the bottom and DC cable entry (7) at the top of the cubicle, the AC cables being terminated at the AC breakers (16) and AC contactors (17) and the DC cables being terminated at the DC breakers (14) and battery fuses (15), said DC-DC Converter (11) is adapted to automatically and electronically isolate the load (L) from the batteries (B) during equalization.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said DC-DC Converter (11) is adapted to ensure that said battery (B) is automatically reconnected in the event that all the sources that are supplying power to the load (L) fail, thereby ensuring no loss in uptime.

3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said charge controller (1) is a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) charge controller which is adapted to regulate DC current and voltage to the loads fed through said common DC bus (8).

4.The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said programmable logic controller (9) is adapted to communicate with all the devices for the selection between the electricity grid and AC diesel generator (DG) power in the absence of solar energy.

5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said DC cable entry (7) is situated near LED indicators (12) and smoke detector (13) with support of said DC breakers (14).

6. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a three-point lock and pad lock bracket is provided at both front and rear sides of the doors of the cubicle as an anti-theft measure.