FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
THE PATENT RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See Section 10 and Rule 13)
Title of invention: GENERIC DEVICE ATTRIBUTES FOR SENSING DEVICES
Applicant:
TATA Consultancy Services Limited A company Incorporated in India under The Companies Act, 1956
Having address:
Nirmal Building, 9th Floor,
Nariman Point, Mumbai 400021,
Maharashtra, India
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of ubiquitous computing and Internet of Things. More particularly, the invention relates to system and method for creating generic device attributes (GDA) structure of the smart sensing devices during device capability negotiation of device discovery and optimizing device prioritization and interoperation of at least two smart heterogeneous sensing devices in a smart environment.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is widely believed that the emergence of ubiquitous computing and sensor networks, will effectuate a gradual elimination of personal computing. This will have profound impacts on how networked and connected systems work today. Particularly, smart environment architecture and components level interoperation in such environment may alter.
In the smart environment, as is known a Pervasive awareness systems (PASs) collect awareness information from sensors and devices and present it to remote users by using awareness objects such as ambient displays, lamps and picture frames. Such systems typically modeled with a pervasive awareness management framework for supporting the conception, design and realization of applications that foster discovery, connectedness between user and devices.
In such smart environment, device discovery enables extraction of information from the devices according to their characteristics. Hitherto, various systems and methods are provided for performing a device discovery and predominantly for addressing problems associated with an efficient device discovery. However, following the discovery, an ability of a smart system for prioritization and interoperations there between the devices is not disclosed in the art. An effective prioritization results in an optimized interoperation between devices, which collectively enhances the quality of user experience related with the said devices. In turn, user friendly PASs allow users as well as applications to discover and interact with the most appropriate and relevant services provided by many devices/sensors in the environment.
In a smart environment the devices are configured to function according to the attributes of the devices, as services in any smart space are registered and looked up by their attributes.

A challenge is also faced in effective device prioritization and optimization of device interoperation while performing device capability negotiation during device discovery. Various discovery mechanism have been proposed, designed, and implemented. While they share the main goal of providing a mechanism for service association and discovery of the devices, they vary significantly in aspects like the architectural design and working environment (i.e., LANs, mobile ad hoc, Internet). Current d iscovery protocols, such as Jini. UPnP, Salutation, SLP, Ninja/SDS, INS/Twine, and UDDI, are not suitable for pervasive computing environments.
Presently known situation-aware applications mainly based on situations, wherein each situation is modeled with a predefined set of contexts, and hence are not dynamic. Accordingly, these applications do not consider contextual information in a flexible manner while discovering services, and as a result, they fail to provide the most relevant and appropriate services for users, hampering user experience.
To achieve more flexible situation awareness, situation-aware applications should have the ability to discover smart sensing devices with a complete understanding of their attributes and collect sensing data in a timely and organized lashion.
In addition to sensing physical surroundings in the context-aware systems, an efficient processing of data collected from sensors is still a challenge. As while data processing, complexities arise for resolution of attributes such as location, identity, timestamp, etc. and even more for representation of these resolved attributes during actual communication with the sensor.
There are works exist to associate device descriptors with the discovered devices using different discovery protocol. Some of the prior arts known to us will be discussed to understand the available technical solutions and shortcomings in the state of the art.
United States Patent Number 7673077 by Sumit Gupta et al. teaches about a method for target discovery in an iSCSI storage area network in which the host initiator uses a target discovery manager which communicates with the target devices through a network. The present invention provides a clear way to map host side enumerations of target devices to different iSCSI discovery protocols. However, this invention takes into account the discovery protocol and its prioritization only for later device interaction. It does not facilitate choosing the right sort of devices for a given type of exchange for later interaction.

There are works exist to associate unified device descriptors (UDD). United States Patent Number 7809711 by Alba et al describes a method, system, and service of analyzing and discovering of electronic documents in an intranet has been provided using semantic analysis. intranet includes multiple web sites. The said patent emphasizes on the electronic files in the intranet, it deals with the data content of the files, the type of files can be html or non-html based thus the system does not state about smart devices , here the electronic files are considered as devices and also does have to address much of heterogeneity.
United States Patent Application Number 20110022733 by Karaoguz et al provides a method and system for customized data delivery and network configuration by performing the aggregation of device attributes using a specific network architecture having multiple access gateways. However it does not propose any method, system and devices for achieving faster interoperation between the devices.
Some of the lacunae that exists in the prior art as discussed above are that, the prior art teaches about device discovery, device attributes, semantic analysis, device interoperation, and associating uniform device descriptor file with digital device of the set of digital devices operating in a networked environment. The systems in the state of the art are not precisely aware of any mechanism of generating generic device attributes of devices in a smart environment during the device discovery process to help to reduce the time and complexity in device prioritization and device interoperation for a required type of interaction.
Thus there exists a need to solve the long standing problem of performance enhancement in terms of facilitating device interoperation in a network particularly for smart environment, generating a device attributes structure for the smart sensing devices which are diverse in nature and providing quick prioritization while choosing the right device for given type of interaction.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The primary object of the present invention is to provide a ubiquitous/smart computing system adapted for device discovery process, specifically the device capability negotiation process, and semantic analysis based on the device attributes.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for creation of generic device attributes (GDA) structure for the smart sensing devices which are heterogeneous in nature.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and system comprising a device manager of edge gateway system for creating a GDA for each sensing device(s), during device discovery process specifically while performing the device capability negotiation process.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for performing a semantic analysis on the value or content of generic device attributes (GDA) of sensing device(s) wherein the semantic analysis on the value or content of sensing device(s) results in the formation of device clusters categorization.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method and system to reduce time and complexity in device prioritization and interoperation for desired type of interaction.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for performance enhancement in terms of facilitating device interoperation.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a method and system having generic device attributes (GDA) for providing a hierarchical structure of attributes for the smart sensing devices wherein the said attributes are further divided into the sub attributes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
Before the present systems and methods, enablement are described, it is to be understood that this application is not limited to the particular systems, and methodologies described, as there can be multiple possible embodiments which are not expressly illustrated in the present disclosures. It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description is for the purpose of describing the particular versions or embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
The principal aspect of invention is to provide a method for optimizing time and complexity during an interoperation of at least two smart sensing heterogeneous devices's operating in a

smart environment, each device is configured to predetermined characteristics for a heterogeneous smart environment with a dynamic degree of prioritization in interoperation, the method comprising computer implemented steps of:
a) negotiating device capability of each detected device during the device discovery, each negotiation is facilitated through a device manager of an edge gateway system communicatively coupled with the devices;
b) creating a generic device attributes (GDA) structure of each device during device capability negotiation of device discovery:
c) performing a semantic analysis on the content of the generic device attributes (GDA) of each device by the device manager of the edge gateway system;
d) generating a cluster of devices commensurating with the corresponding generic device attribute of each device; and
e) segregating each identified device cluster into at least one class, each class facilitating quick prioritization while choosing the right device for a given type of interaction thereby facilitating device interoperation.
In another aspect of invention a system is provided for optimizing rime and complexity during an interoperation of at least two smart sensing devices' operating in a heterogeneous environment, each device is configured to predetermined characteristics for a heterogeneous environment with a dynamic degree of prioritization in interoperation.
In another aspect of invention a system is provided comprising: an edge gateway comprising a device manager programmed to execute instructions for creating generic device attributes of each detected device; a semantic analyzer adapted to executing a semantic analysis on the values of the device attributes generating cluster of sensing devices and assigns the devices various classes: a cluster generator adapted to cluster the devices based on at least one detected common attribute, each device in a cluster are configured to interact with reduced latency; and a classifier adapted to segregate each cluster and assigning the devices into classes, the devices in each class are configured for quick prioritization while choosing an appropriate device for a given type of interaction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, is better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings. For the purpose of

illustrating the invention, there is shown in the present document example constructions of the invention; however, the invention is not limited to the specific methods and apparatus disclosed in the document and the drawing:
Figure 1 illustrates the components of the system for optimizing time and complexity for device interoperation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 illustrates the structure of generic device attributes in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 illustrates flow chart for GDA structure formation and the cluster of device formation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
The figures depict various embodiments of the present invention for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following discussion that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the invention described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Some embodiments of this invention, illustrating al) its features, will now be discussed in detail. The words "comprising," "having," "containing," and "including," and other forms thereof, are intended to be equivalent in meaning and be open ended in that an item or items following any one of these words is not meant to be an exhaustive listing of such item or items, or meant to be limited to only the listed item or items. It must also be noted that as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Although any systems and methods similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of embodiments of the present invention, the preferred, systems and methods are now described. The disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, which may be embodied in various forms.
The present invention relates to the field of ubiquitous computing and internet of Things. Particularly, this invention relates to the device discovery process, specifically the device capability negotiation process, and semantic analysis based on the device attributes.

The present invention further relates to creation of generic device attributes (GDA) for smart sensing devices by an edge gateway system during device discovery phase and at same time providing semantic analysis to optimize the device interoperation mechanism in any smart environment.
The present invention further relates to systems and methods for optimizing time and complexity during an interoperation of at least two smart sensing device's operating in a heterogeneous environment, each device is configured to predetermined characteristics for a heterogeneous environment with a dynamic degree of prioritization in interoperation.
Further exemplary methods for optimizing time and complexity during an interoperation of at least two smart sensing device's operating in a heterogeneous environment, the method comprising computer implemented steps of:
a) negotiating device capability of each detected device during the device discovery, each negotiation is facilitated through a device manager of an edge gateway system communicatively coupled with the devices;
b) creating a generic device attributes (GDA) structure of each device during device capability negotiation of device discovery;
c) performing a semantic analysis on the content of the generic device attributes (GDA) of each device by the device manager of the edge gateway system;
d) generating a cluster of devices commensurating with the corresponding generic device attribute of each device; and
e) forming further classes by combining each identified device cluster/class, each class facilitating quick prioritization while choosing the right device for a given type of interaction thereby facilitating device interoperation.
Further exemplary system for optimizing time and complexity during an interoperation of at least two smart sensing heterogeneous devices' operating in a smart environment, the said system comprising: an edge gateway comprising a device manager programmed to execute instructions for creating generic device attributes of each detected device; a semantic analyzer adapted to execute semantic analysis on the values of the device attributes generating cluster/class of sensing devices and assigns the devices various clusters/classes; a cluster generator adapted to cluster/classify the devices based on at least one detected common attribute, each device in a cluster/class are configured to interact with reduced latency; the devices in each class are

configured for quick prioritization while choosing an appropriate device for a given type of interaction.
Figure 1 illustrates the system architecture for optimizing time and complexity for device interoperation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to figurel, generic device attributes (GDA) formation system (100) for plurality of heterogeneous sensing devices (120) is shown. The said system )00 comprises a group of heterogeneous sensing devices (120), an edge gateway (102), a device manager (104), an internet (110) and a remote application (112).
in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the group of devices (120) consists of at least two smart sensing devices which are heterogeneous in nature, interoperating with each other and can sense the smart environment. The devices (120) are inbuilt with the sensors having different characteristics. The devices (120) can be used for detecting the light, motion, temperature. magnetic fields, gravity, humidity, moisture, vibration, pressure, electrical fields, sound, and other physical aspects of the external environment according to one exemplary embodiment of the invention.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the edge gateway (102) comprises a device manager (104). The edge gateway (102) is adapted for creation of the GDA 201 (as shown in figure2) for smart sensing devices 120 which are heterogeneous in nature.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the edge gateway (102) is inbuilt with the device manger (104) adapted to form the GDA (201) structure (as shown in figure.2) during the device capability negotiation step as part of the device discovery phase and generates hierarchical layers of device clusters based on the semantic analysis on the attribute values of the GDA (201). The system (100) enables to reduce the time and complexity in device prioritization and device interoperation for a required type of interaction.
In preferred embodiments, the device manager (104) performs semantic analysis on the content of the GDA (201) of the sensing devices (120) enabling the formation of device clusters/classes categorized by different level of hierarchy. The further classes of devices can be generated by

combining the various device clusters/classes depending on the sensing attributes of the GDA (201).
In preferred embodiments, the device manager (104) further executes semantic analysis on the values of the device attributes to construct device clusters and further to form device classes of the heterogeneous sensing devices (120) at the edge. The system (100) adapted for performance enhancement in terms of facilitating device interoperation. The clustering of devices enables to come up with a common means to interact with the devices under the same cluster having devices comprising common attributes. The classification further enables quick prioritization while choosing the right device for a given type of interaction.
In a preferred embodiments, a method of generating GDA (201) structure and performing semantic analysis on the content of the device attributes while performing the discovery and managing the devices by the device manager (104) of an edge gateway (102) interfacing the remote application (112) and the pool of sensing devices (120) at the edge of a smart environment is given.
In preferred embodiments, the top level device attributes can be expanded into layers of sub attributes maintaining a tree-like data structure (as shown in figure 2). The semantic analysis on the values of the device attributes generates cluster/class of sensing devices 120 and assigns them further various classes. The analysis provides a faster way to interoperate with the sensing devices 120 which are heterogeneous in nature.
In preferred embodiments, an edge gateway (102) comprising the device manager (104) programmed to execute instructions for creating generic device attributes (201) of each detected device.
In preferred embodiments, a semantic analyzer adapted to executing a semantic analysis on the values of the device attributes generating cluster/class of sensing devices and assigns the devices further various classes.
In preferred embodiments, a cluster generator adapted to cluster/class to classify the devices based on at least one detected common attribute, each device in a cluster are configured to interact with reduced latency.

In preferred embodiments, further classes are formed by combining each identified device cluster/class, the devices in each class are configured for quick prioritization while choosing an appropriate device for a given type of interaction.
Figure 2 illustrates the general structure of generic device attributes (GDA) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to figure 2 illustrating general structure (200) of generic device attributes (GDA) (201). The GDA provides a hierarchical structure of attributes for the smart sensing devices !20.
According to exemplary embodiment of the invention the said hierarchical structure can be further divided in different levels. In the present invention the levels are divided in Level 1 (230), Level 2 (240) and Level 3 (250) shown in figure 2. The said level proposes various classes of attributes i.e. Level 1 (230) proposes a primary classes of attributes. Level 2 (240) proposes further division of the attributes and Level 3 (250) attributes corresponding to the primary class present an exemplary set and are not limited to list of sub attributes. The said attributes may be extended further as per the need of the applications.
According to exemplary embodiment of the invention, the Level 1 considers protocol (202). sensing categories (210), energy source type (215) and collaboration attributes (218) as the primary class of attributes.
According to exemplary embodiment of the invention, the Level 2 considers communication (203), semantic and syntactic resolution (207) as the sub attributes of the primary class protocol (202). The object presence (211), the environment (212), the motion (213) and the bio medical (214) as the sub attributes of the primary class sensing categories (210). The portable (216) and non portable (217) are sub attributes of the energy source type (215). The number of aggregation (219) and distance from aggregated device (220) are sub attributes of collaboration attributes (218).
According to exemplary embodiment of the invention, the Level 3 considers the exemplary set corresponding to their parents and are not limited to list of sub attributes, such as the communication (203) having the value of WiFi, Zigbee, Ethernet, Bluetooth etc. The syntax and semantic resolution (207) have different values for encoding and decoding. The environment

(212) of the sensing category (210) has different values like time, location, temperature etc. and similarly the motion (213) of the sensing category (210) has different values like acceleration, angular displacement etc.
In preferred embodiment the GDA (201) forms a tree like hierarchical structure adapted to divide attributes in sub attributes according to their characteristics as shown in figure 2. Further the device manager (104) performs semantic analysis on the content of the GDA (201) of the sensing devices (120). This results the formation of device clusters categorized by its different level of hierarchy. The further classes of devices can be generated by combining the various device clusters depending on the common sensing category of the GDA.
In preferred embodiment clustering of devices enables to come up with a common means to interact with the devices under the same cluster (since they have things common in their attributes) and this classification enables quick prioritization while choosing the right device for a given type of interaction. The solution provided by this invention also offers performance enhancement in terms of facilitating device interoperation.
Figure 3 illustrates flow chart for GDA structure formation and the cluster/class of device formation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to figure 3 the process starts at by discovering the devices which are present in smart environment in step 301. At the step 302, performing the capability negotiation according to characteristics of the devices. At the step 303, capturing of device attributes according to their characteristics. At the step 304, creating a generic device structure (GDA) of the attributes for each device. At the step 305, performing semantic analysis (Si) on the first level of attributes values. At the step 306, forming the initial cluster of devices according to cluster. At the step 307, performing the semantic analysis (S2) across the structure across the level 1 cluster considering 'sensing attributes' as the key. At the step 308, forming the next level of clusters of devices and at the step 309, performing device interoperation for required type of interaction.
EXAMPLE SHOWING BEST MODE:
The present invention is supported by the following use case of a smart space - 'smart irrigation and farming'.

According to exemplary embodiment, the system comprises smart sensors having different characteristics and adapted to interoperate with each other. For smart irrigation and farming system, the said system comprises temperature, rainfaii, humidity, solar radiation, soil moisture, location, time, presence of object (cattle) types of sensing parameters.
Let the different types of sensing devices be 1 temperature sensor(T), 1 rainfall sensor(R), 1 humidity sensors(H), 1 solar radiation sensor(SR), 2 soil moisture (SM) sensors from 2 different vendors with different semantic & syntactic encoding schemes , 1 location sensor (L) to specify the site location , 1 time sensor (t) to specify irrigation timing , object presence sensor of different categories- like remote monitoring camera (C ) placed strategically and some presence detection sensor (P) to particularly reveal the identity of the object.
These sensors are discovered and managed by the edge gateway. Multiple applications part of this use case interacts with the edge gateway as per the system architecture shown in figure 1. There are multiple sensors from different vendors having same sensing category in a given area. Each sensor will have its own semantics (which may or may not be same with another sensor falling same sensing category).
According to exemplary embodiment, GDA structure formation and the cluster of device formation are presented as shown in figure 2 and flowchart in figure 3. respectively.
Forming the GDA structure:
Table based on the structure of figure 2 for each sensing device.

Device ID Protocol Sensing Category Energy Source Colla boration

Coram' Sym
& Syn

Portable Nonportable #of aggregation Distance from
aggregated
device
T CI Syi Environment: Yes No 0 N/A

Value = Temperature
Environment:
R CI SRI Rain Yes No 0 N/A
Environment:
H C2 SHI Humidity Yes 0 N/A
Environment:
SR C3 SsR1 Solar Radiation Yes No 0 N/A
Environment:
SM#1 C2 SsMl Soil Moisture No Yes 0 N/A
Environment:
SM#2 CI SsMI Soil Moisture Yes No 0 N/A
Environment:
L C2 SL Location Yes No 0 N/A
C#l CI sC( Object Presence Yes No 0 N/A
C#2 C2 sc2 Object Presence Yes No 0 N/A
i—
P C4 SC1 Object Presence Yes No 0 N/A
Forming the clusters: Example of Semantic functions
A = SensingCategory.Level3attributes.value + Protocol.communation.value - (T, CI) ... (1)
B= A+ Protocol. Semantic & syntactic resolution. Value - (TX1, ST1) (2)

(2) Can be further divided in to
(a) (b)
C= B +Energy Source Type. Value D= B +Collaboration Attributes .value
(T, CI, ST1, 0) (T, Cl, STI, 0)
E = Energy Source Type. Vatue + Collaboration Attributes .value F=C+E (T, CI, ST], 0,0)
A, B, C. D, E, F presents the different semantic ruies and functions and generates the respective device clusters. Considering the first row of the above table using temperature sensors the values of above clusters are shown.
Thus clustering of devices enables to come up with a common means to interact with the devices under the same cluster (since they have things common in their attributes) and, also, this classification enables quick prioritization while choosing the right device for a given type of interaction. The solution provided by this invention also offers performance enhancement in terms of facilitating device interoperation.
The preceding description has been presented with reference to various embodiments. Persons skilled in the art and technology to which this application pertains will appreciate that alterations and changes in the described structures and methods of operation can be practiced without meaningfully departing from the principle, spirit and scope.

WE CLAIM:
1. A method for optimizing time and complexity during an interoperation of at least two smart sensing heterogeneous devices operating in a smart environment, each device is configured to a predetermined characteristics for the smart environment with a dynamic degree of prioritization in interoperation, the method comprising computer implemented steps of:
a) negotiating device capability of each detected device during the device discovery , each negotiation is facilitated through a device manager of an edge gateway system communicatively coupled with the devices;
b) creating a generic device attributes (GDA) structure of each device during device capability negotiation of device discovery;
c) performing a semantic analysis on the content of the generic device attributes (GDA) of each sensing device by the device manager of the edge gateway system;
d) generating a cluster/class of sensing devices commensurating with the corresponding generic device attribute of each device; and
e) forming further classes by combining each identified device cluster/classes, each class facilitating quick prioritization while choosing the right device for a given type of interaction thereby facilitating device interoperation.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the GDA structure is further applied to enable hierarchical layers of device clusters for sensing devices using semantic analysis on attribute values.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the GDA comprising of plurality of attributes and further divided into a plurality of sub attributes maintaining a tree like data structure for each such sensing device.
4. The method according to claim I, wherein the clustering of the sensing devices enables faster interoperation with the sensing devices by reducing time and complexity associated therewith.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the heterogeneous environment is consisting of at least two smart sensing devices adapted for measuring the defined physical characteristics of the smart environment.
6. The method according to claim 1, further comprises of extracting information pertaining to the smart sensing devices from a different location via the edge gateway system connected over internet.
7. A system for optimizing time and complexity during an interoperation of at least two smart sensing devices, operating in a heterogeneous environment, each device is configured to a predetermined characteristics for a heterogeneous environment with a dynamic degree of prioritization in interoperation, the said system comprising:

a) an edge gateway comprising a device manager programmed to execute instructions for creating generic device attributes (GDA) of each detected device;
b) a semantic analyzer adapted for executing a semantic analysis on the values of the device attributes generating cluster of sensing devices and assigns the devices various classes;
c) a cluster generator creates the cluster and adapted to come up with a common means to interact with the devices under the same cluster, devices in a cluster are configured to interact with reduced latency; and
d) a classifier adapted to form each cluster and assigning the devices into classes, the devices in each class are configured for quick prioritization while choosing an appropriate device for a given type of interaction.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the GDA structure is further applied to enable hierarchical layers of device clusters for sensing devices using semantic analysis on attribute values.
9. The system according to claim 7, wherein the GDA further divides the attributes into the sub attributes.
10. The system according to claim 7, wherein the clustering of the sensing devices enables faster interoperation with the sensing devices by reducing time and complexity associated therewith.

11. The system according to claim 7, wherein the heterogeneous environment is consisting of at least two smart sensing devices adapted for measuring the defined physical characteristics of the smart environment.
12. The system according to claim 7, further comprises of extracting information pertaining to the smart sensing devices from a different location via the edge gateway system connected over internet.