The present application is a divisional application to Indain Patent Application No. 449/Del/91 dated May 27
The invention relates to hair care
compositions utilizing quaternary ammonium salts,
fatty amines, and mixtures thereof with low levels of
specific alkanols. These active compositions are
incorporated into hair care compositions, such as
lotions and conditioners.
British Patent Specification 1,604,857, published December 16, 1981, and European Application 262,885, Gordon, published April 6, 1988, disclose primary as well as aromatic alkanols as components of anti-lice compositions, used as sprays and shampoos. Phenyl ethanol is specifically disclosed in the British Patent Specification as a lone toxicant used at a level of 15%. No level is disclosed when it is used as an adjuvant.
Catlonic surfactants are known as synerglzers
see British Patent Specification 1,593,601, published July 22, 1981. U.S. Patent 4,163,913, Enders et al., Issued January 15, 1980, specifically discloses quaternary ammonlum salts as synerglzers Quaternary ammonium salts art
disclosed for head llct In European
Patent Application 191,236, published August 20, 1986. It Is also
disclosed therein that aliphatic alcohols, such as ethanol or
Isopropanol, may heighten activity of the
quaternary ammonium salts.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises hair care compositions comprising:
(a)from about O.IX to about 5X of a catlonic surfactant
selected from the group consisting of quaternary anno-
nlum salts, fatty amines, and mixtures thereof; and
(b)fron about 0.25X to about lOX of an alkanol synerglzer
selected fron the group consisting of phenyl C1-C6
alkanols, phenyl C2-C6 diols, C2-C6 alkylene diols, and
mixtures thereof;
wherein the amount of phenyl C2-C6 alkanols, phenyl C2-C6 diols, and mixtures thereof does not exceed 5% by weight of the
composition.
Hair conditioning compositions containing cationic surfactants and low levels of synergizers have superior compositional stability, particularly at temperatures typical of tropical areas. The hair conditioning compositions disclosed in the art tend to separate upon exposure to temperatures above 3 8 degreep C. Once separated, they are no longer usable.
In addition, other conventional components, auch as natural pyrethrins and synthetic pyrethroids, may be added to the hair conditioning compositions without destabilizing those compositions.
The present invention relates to a hair conditioning composition
comprising:
(a) from 0.1% to 5.0% of a cationic surfactant selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, fatty amines, and mixtures thereof, said cationic surfactants preferably being a quaternary ammonium salt or a fatty amine, said quaternary ammonium salt preferably being selected from the group consisting of dicetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, tricetyl methyl ammonium chloride, ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimethyl benzyl
ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof, and said fatty amine preferably being selected from the group conisting of primary, secondary and tertiary fatty amines having at least one alky.l group wit'h from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably being selected from the group consisting of secondary and tertiary fatty amines having at least one alkyl group with from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and most preferably said cationic surfactant being a stearamidopropyl dimethyl amine;
(b) from 0.25% to 10% of an alkanol synergizer selected from the
group consiting of phenyl C2-C6 alkanols, phenyl C2-C6 diols, C2-
C8 alkylene diols, and mixtures therof wherein the amount of
phenyl C2-C6 alkanols, phenyl C2-C6 diols, and mixtures thereof
does not exceed 5% by weight of the compositon, said alkanol
synergizer preferably being selected from the group consisting
of phenyl methanol, henyl ethanol, phenyl propanol, phenyl
ethanediol, ethylene lycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol,
tetramethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and mixtures thereof; and
(c) optionally other conventional hair conditioning compounds
and
(d) from 85% to 95% of a liquid vehicle selected from the group
consisting of C1 to C5 monohydric alcohols, water, and. mixtures
thereof, said liquid vehicle preferably being water.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to hair care products such as lotions and conditioners. The compositions of the present invention contain the elements as described in the following paragraph.
All ratios, parts and percentages utilized herein are by weight, unless otherwise specified.
Alkanol Synergizers
In the present invention, alkanol synergizers enhance the efficacy of the active compositions. The synergizers useful herein are selected form the group consisting of phenyl C2-C6 alkanols, phenyl C2-C6 diols, C2-C6 alkylene diols, and mixtures thereof.' These synergizers are used at levels from about 0.25% to about 10%, so long as the level of phenyl alkanol, phenyl diol, or mixtures of these material does not exceed 5% by weight of the composition. The specifically preferred alkanol synergizers are used in the hair care compositions disclosed herein at levels far below what is disclosed in the art. 'Such compositions are extremely stable and efficacious as compared with the art.
Phenyl C2-C6 alkanols used herein are those conforming to the structure:
wherein R Is a straight or branched allcyl chain containing from about 2 to about 6 carbon atoms. Preferred are alkyl chains from about 2 to about 3 carbon atoms. Examples of these phenyl alka-nols Include phenyl ethanol, phenyl propanol and mixtures thereof. Preferred 1s phenyl ethanol.
The preferred level of phenyl C2-C6 alkanols 1s from about 0.5X to about 1.5X; most preferred 1s about 1%.
Phenyl C2-C6 diols used herein are those conforming to the structure:
wherein R1 1s glycol having an alkyl chain containing from about 2 to about 6 carbon atoms. Preferred R1 groups contain from about 2 to about 3 carbon atoms. Examples of these phenyl diols Include phenyl ethanedlol, phenyl propanediol, phenyl butanedlol, and mixtures thereof. Preferred 1$ phenyl ethanedlol.
The preferred level of phenyl C2-C6 diols 1s from about 0.5X to about I.5X; most preferred Is about IX.
Alkylene G2-C6 diols used herein are polyhydric alcohols containing two hydroxyl groups situated on different carbon atoms of an alkyl chain containing from about 2 to about 8 carbon atoms. Examples of these alkylene diols Include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and mixtures thereof. Preferred 1s hexylene glycol.
The preferred level of C2-C6 alkylene diols 1s from about 2X to about 6X; most preferred 1s about 3X to about 5X. Catlonic Surfactants
Catlonic surfactants are used herein with the alkanol syner-gizers, disclosed above, to form effective hair care
compositions. Such surfactants are selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, fatty amines and mixtures thereof. Such surfactants are positively charged when dissolved In the hair care ' products of the present Invention. These surfactants are disclosed In the folloNing documents, all of which are Incorporated by reference herein: N. C. Publishing Co., McCutcheon's, Detergents I Emulsifiers (North Americal edition (1979){ Schwartz et a1., Surfice Actfve Agents, Their Chemistry and Technology New York: Intersclence Publishers, 1949; U.S. Patent 3,155,591, Hllfer, Issued November 3, 1964; U.S. Patent 3,929,678, Laughl ln et a1.. Issued December 30, 1975; M.S. Patent 3,959,461, Bailey et a1., Issued Nay 25, 1976; and U.S. Patent 4,387,090, Bollch, Jr., Issued June 7, 1983. Catlonic surfactants are used herein at levels from about O.IX to about 5X.
Among the quaternary ammonium-containing catlonic surfactant materials useful herein are those of the general formula:
(Formula Removed)
wherein R1 1s hydrogen, an aliphatic group of froa 1 to 22 carbon atoms, or an aromatic, aryl or alkylaryl group having froa 12 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 1s an aliphatic group having froa 1 to 22' carbon atoms; R3 and R4 are each alkyl groups having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and X is an anion selected from halogen, acetate, phosphate, nitrate and alkyl sulfate radicals. The aliphatic groups may contain. In addition to carbon and hydrogen atoms, ether linkages, and other groups such as esters or amido groups.
Other quaternary ammonium salts useful herein have the formula-
(Formula Removed)
wherein at least one, but no more than 3, of the R groups are aliphatic groups having froa 16 to 22 carbon atoms, and the remaining alkyl R groups are selected from hydrogen and alkyl groups having froa 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and X Is an anion selected from halogen, acetate, phosphate, nitrate and alkyl sulfate
ethoxylaled (5 moles E.O.) stearylamfne, dihydroxy ethyl stearyl-amine, and arachldylbehenylamine. Suitable amine salts Include the halogen, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, citrate, lactate, and alkyl sulfate salts. Such salts Include stearylaralne hydrochloride, soyamlne chloride, stearylaralne formate, N-tallowpropane diamine dfchlorlde, and stearamidopropyl dimethytamlne citrate. Catfonic amine surfactants Included among those useful In the present Invention are disclosed In U.S. Patent 4,275,055, Nachtlgal et al., Issued June 23, 1981 (Incorporated by reference herein).
Lotions are well known in the art. Such lotions can be applied directly in liquid form onto the hair or by using a pump sprayer. Lotion compositions disclosed herein condition the hair thereby facilitating the removal of dead lice and ova.
The alkanol synerglzers, disclosed suprs are used at levels from about 0.25X to about 10%, wherein the amount of phenyl C2-C6 alkanols, phenyl C2-C6 diols, and mixtures thereof does not exceed 5X by weight of the composition. Preferably the level Is from about 0.5X to about 5S; most preferably from about IX to about 2.5X. Preferred synerglzers Include phenyl ethanol, phenyl propanol, phenyl ethanediol. propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, hexylene glycol and mixtures thereof.
The catfonic surfactants, as described above, are used at levels of from about O.IX to about 5X, preferably from about 0.2% to about 0.8X. Quaternary ammonium salts are preferred for use herein.
In addition to the synerglzers and cattonic surfactants, lotion form compositions have a liquid
vehicle to deliver the active composition to the heir. Vehicles
radicals. Such quaternary ammonium salts Include tallow propane dlammonium dichlorlde.
Preferred quaternary ammonium salts Include dlalkyldlmethyl-ammonium chlorides, wherein the aikyl groups have from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and are derived from long-chain fatty acids, such as hydrogenated tallow fatty acid. (Tallow fatty adds give rise to quaternary ammoniun compounds wherein R1 and R2 predominantly have from 16 to 18 carbon atoms.) Examples of quaternary ammonium salts useful In the present Invention Include ditallowdlmethyl ammonium chloride, ditallowdlmethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, dihexadecyl dimethyl anvnonlum chloride, d1(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride, dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dielcosyl dimethyl ammonlum chloride, didocosyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, d1(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium acetate, dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dihexadecyl dimethyl ammonium acetate, ditallow dipropyl ammonium phosphate, ditallow dimethyl ammonium nitrate, di(coconutalkyl) dimethyl ammonium chloride, and stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. Preferred quaternary ammonium. salts useful herein are ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride, dicetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, tricetyl methyl ammonium chloride, and cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. 01(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride is a particularly preferred quaternary ammonium salt.
Salts of primary, secondary and tertiary fatty amines are also usable as a catlonic surfactant material. These amines preferably have at least one aikyl group containing from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and may be substituted or unsubstltuted. Secondary and tertiary amines having at least one aikyl group with from about 12 to 22 carbon atoms are preferred; tertiary amines are particularly preferred. Such amines, useful herein. Include stearamido propyl dimethyl amine, diethyl amino ethyl stearanlde, dimethyl stearamine, dimethyl soyamine, soyamlne, myristyl amine, tridecyl amine, ethyl stearylamlne, N-tallowpropane diamine,
oused herein comprise monohydric alcohols, water, and mixtures thereof. The vehicle is added at levels of about 85% to about 95X by weight of the composition. Alcohols useful herein are selected from the group consisting of C1 to C5 monohydric alcohols; preferred are methanol, ethanol, Isopropanol, and Mixtures thereof. In the present Invention, water Is the preferred vehicle as it is least likely to destabilize the active composition.
Optionally, conventional actives nay be added to
the lotion described herein. Said actives may b€ used at levels of from about 0.25% to about 2.5X. Said actives art selected from the group consisting of natural pyrethrlns, synthetic pyrethrolds, and mixtures thereof. Hair care compositions of the present Invention containing such actives also may exhibit
benefits In terms of efficacy and stability over the art.
Natural pyrethrlns are made from extracts of
chrysanthemum flowers and have been used since the
early 1930's. European Patent Application J91,236, published
August 20, 1986; European Patent Application 262,885, published
April 6, 1988; and British Patent Specification 1,593,601, pub
lished July 22, 1981 (all Incorporated by reference herein) all
disclose the use of natural pyrethrlns U.S.
Patent 4,668,666, Allan, Issued Hay 26, 1987, notes that using natural pyrethrin necessitates frequent fol1ow-up caring because Its poor environmental stability provides only short tert residual action.
Synthetic pyrethrolds became popular during World War II when chrysanthemum flowers becaat nearly Impossible to get. Besides being available at lower prices, they were also somewhat more stable than the natural product.
other components which may be Included to achieve desired performance or formulation benefits Include preservatives and such aS UMUN hydintotn and tetrasodium rOTA; pH
balancing agents, such as citric acid; emulslflers, such as PEG-60 castor oll; thickeners and viscosity modifiers, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone. Such components generally are used at a level of from about O.O1% to about 10%, preferably from about O.O1% to about 6%, of the composition.
The lotion compositions of the present Invention are used by applying froa about 10 al to about 50 n1 of the lotion directly to dry.or wet hair and scalp. The lotion is worked through the hair and scalp and left on for approximately 30 minutes. The hair is cleansed with traditional shampoo compositions or Just rinsed with water. 2. CONDITIONERS
In general, products which Improve the appearance, feel, and manageability of hair have gained Increasing acceptance and popularity with consumers. The utility of such compositions is particularly Important with the Increased use of such hair care
as permanent waving, dyeing, teasing, and bleaching. The physical condition of hair can also be affected by atmospheric conditions, such as sunlight, which may cause photo-catalyzed oxidation. These factors may result In hair with poor texture, which Is difficult to manage and comb, whether wet or dry.
Accordingly, compositions which "condition" hair generally Improve the hair's manageability and appearance. Such conditioning products are well known and Include 'rinse-type' products
whlch are rinsed off shortly after being applied to clean hair, and "deep conditioners' which remain on the hair for extended periods of time.
Traditional hair conditioning compositions are disclosed In U.S. Patent 3,155,591, Hllfer, Issued November 3, 1964, and U.S. Patent 4,269,824, Vlllamarin, Issued May 26, 1981, both Incorporated herein by reference. These conditioners, comprising a cationic surfactant and lipid materials, have a gel-like matrix with good In-use cosmetic and rheologlcal characteristics. Cationic surfattants
cationic surfactants, condition the hair. These surfactants are used at
levels from ibout 0.1% to about 5%, preferably from about 0.5% to about 3.5X. These surfactants are selected from the group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, fatty amines, and mixtures thereof as disclosed supra. Most preferred are the quaternary ammonium salts, especially quaternlum 18 salts such as dimethyl d1(hydrogenated tallow) ammonium chloride, and bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl) dimethyl chloride (available as Adogen 442 and Adogen 442-l00P from Sherex Chemical Company).
Lipid Materia1
A lipid material is combined with the cationic surfactants disclosed suprt In forming gel-type conditioner compositions. Such gel-type compositions are generally described In the following documents, all Incorporated by reference herein: Barry, 'The Self Bodying Action of the Mixed Emulslfler Sodium Oodecyl Sulfate/ Cetyl Alcohol', 28 J. of Colloid and InterfiCe Science 82-91 (1968); Barry et al., 'The Self-Bodying Action of Alkyltrlmethyl-ammonium Bromldes/Cetostearyl Alcohol Mixed Emulslflers; Influence of Quaternary Chain Length', 3S J. of Colloid and Interface Science 616-625 (1972). The lipid materials are used at from
about 0.5% to about 5% preferably from about 1% to about 3%, of the composition. These materials are essentially water-Insoluble, and contain hydrophobic and hydrophlllc moieties. Lipid materials Include natural and synthetically-derived fatty materials selected from the group consisting of acids, acid derivatives, alcohols, esters, ethers, ketones, amides, and mixtures thereof, having carbon chain lengths of from about 12 to about 22, preferably from about 16 to about 18. Lipid materials useful herein are disclosed In Bailey's Industrial Oil and Fit Products, (3d edition, 0. Swern, ed. 1979) (Incorporated by reference herein). Fatty alcohols and fatty esters are preferred.
Fatty alcohols useful herein are disclosed In the following documents, all Incorporated by reference herein: U.S. Patent 3,155,591, Hilfer, Issued November 3, 1964; U.S. Patent 4,165,369, Watanabe et a1.. Issued Hay 26, 1981; British Patent Specification 1,532,585, published November IS, 1978; Fukushlma et al., 'The Effect of Cetostearyl Alcohol In Cosmetic Emulsions', 98 Cosmetics & Toiletries 89-102 (1983), and Hunting, encyclopedis of Conditioning Rinse Ingredients, at 204 (1987). Fatty alcohols art materials which contain a hydroxyl group attached to a fat chain. The fatty alcohols used herein are selected from the group consisting of C12-C16 alcohols, cetearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, lanolin alcohol, lauryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. Preferred are cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and mixtures thereof. A particularly preferred fatty alcohol is comprised of a mixture of cetyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol containing from about 55X to about 65X (by weight of mixture) of cetyl alcohol.
Fatty esters useful herein are disclosed In U.S. Patent 3,341,465, Kaufman, et al.. Issued September 12, 1967 (Incorporated by reference herein). Fatty esters are fatty acids whose active hydrogen has been replaced by the alkyl group of a mono-hydric alcohol. In the present Invention the monohydric alcohols are fatty alcohols as described above. The fatty esters used herein are selected from the group consisting of cetyl lactate,
cetyl octanoate, cetyl palmltate, cetyl stearate, glyceryl mono-stearate, glyceryl laurate, glyceryl myrlstate, glyceryl oleate, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl monoacetate, and mixtures thereof. Host preferred are cetyl palmltate, glycerol monostearate, and mixtures thereof. Alkanol Synergizers
Conditioners disclosed herein contain from about 0.25X to about l0% of an alkanol synergizer as disclosed supra, wherein the level of phenyl C2-C6 alkanols phenyl C2-C6 diols, and mixtures thereof does not exceed 5% by weight of the composition. Preferably the level is from about 0.5X to about 2.5%. Preferred are the phenyl alkanols selected from the group consisting of phenyl ethanol, phenyl propanol, and mixtures thereof. Host preferred is phenyl ethanol.
Hater
Hater is the last essential component to make the conditioner font hair care composition. Hater is
used at levels from about 85X to about 95% by weight of the composition. Optional Components
A variety of compositions have been developed which attempt to provide good conditioning benefits while maintaining acceptable cosmetic, in-use, and rheological characteristics. In particular, both silicone oils and silicone polymers are well known for use in conditioning products and may be included in the present invention at from about 0.25X to about 5X of the composition. For example, British Patent Specification 1,598,S67, Lewis et al., published September 23, 1981, discloses hair conditioners containing volatile silicones and certain surfactants. British Patent Specification 999,222, published July 21, 1965, discloses organosilicone polymers in water-alcohol mixtures for use as hair conditioners. U.S. Patent 4,374,825, Bolich et al., issued February 22, 1983, discloses conditioners containing hydrocarbon or silicone
conditioning agents, certain nonlonic water-soluble thickening agents, and a catlonic conditioning agent. U.S. Patent 4,387,090, Boilch, Issued June 7, 1983, discloses conditioning compositions containing volatile hydrocarbon or silicone conditioning agents and certain polymeric thickening agents. U.K. Patent Application 2,066,659, Abe, published July 15, 1981, discloses conditioning hair rinse compositions comprising quaternary ammonium salts, silicone materials, and propylene glycol. All above references are Incorporated herein by reference.
The compositions of the present Invention may Include volatile and non-volatile silicone polymers. These silicone polymers Include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyalkylaryl siloxanes, and mixtures thereof. These slloxanes are used herein at from about 0.2X to about 5X of the final composition. Non-volatile slloxanes useful In the present Invention Include Dow Corning 200 Fluid and Dow Corning Q2-8075 Amlnofunctlonal Fluid (manufactured by the Dow Corning Corporation), Silicone Copolymer F-755 (manufactured by SWS Silicones Corp.), and the Viscasil series (manufactured by The General Electric Company).'
It has been found that gums of the above-described slloxane polymers are most preferred for use herein. These slloxane polymer gums are rigid as opposed to a liquid or fluid, with high mass molecular weights of from about 200,000 to about 1,000,000 and viscosities from about 100,000 cp to about 150,000,000 cp at 25*C. Such gums are discussed In detail in W. Noll, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, New York, Academic Press, 1968; General Electric, Silicones and Rubber Product Data Sheet SE30, SE33, SE54 and SE 76; and Hark, Bikales, Overgerger, Nengle, Encyclopedia of Science ind Engineering, Vol. 15 (2d ed., 1989), all Incorporated herein by reference.
Volatile silicones fluids used herein are disclosed In U.S. Patent 4,842,850, Vu, Issued June 27, 1989. Preferred herein are the cyclic slloxanes having the structure:
Application 155,806, published September 25, 1965; U.S. Patent 4,122,029, Gee et al., Issued October 24, 1978; U.S. Patent 4,265,678, Kell, Issued Hay 5, 1981; and U.S. Patent 4.421,769, Dixon et al.. Issued December 20, 1983. Such dimethlcone copolyol materials are also disclosed In hair compositions, In British Patent Specification 2,066,659, Abe, published July 15, 1981 (Incorporated by reference herein) and Canadian Patent 727,588, Kuehns, Issued February 8, 1966 (Incorporated by reference here-In). Commercially available dimethlcone copolyols, useful herein, Include Silwet Surface Active Copolymers (manufactured by the Union Carbide Corporation); DOW Corning Silicone Surfactants (manufactured by the DOM Corning Corporation); Silicone Copolymer F-754 (manufactured by SWS Silicones Corp.); and Rhodorsil 70646 Fluid (manufactured by Rhone Poulenc, Inc.). Dow Corning 190 Silicone Surfactant is a preferred dimethlcone copolyol.
Dimethlcone copolyols may be used at a level of from about O.1% to about l0%, preferably from about O.1% to about 2%, of the composition.
The compositions of this Invention may also contain optional components which may modify the physical and performance characteristics of the conditioning product. Such components are used at levels from about 1% to about l0% of the composition. These components Include salts, buffers, thickeners, solvents, opacl-flers, pearlescent aids, preservatives, fragrances, colorants, dyes, pigments, chelators, sunscreens,
agents. Optional components that are among those useful herein art disclosed In U.S. Patent 4,387,090, Bolich, Jr., Issued June 7, 1983, Incorporated by reference herein.
The compositions of the present Invention nay contain optional non-catlonlc surfactant materials, at levels such that the total level of surfactant present In the composition (Including the essential catlonic surfactant, described above) Is from about 0.5% to about 5%. These optional surfactant materials may be anionic, nonlonic or amphoteric, such as ceteareth-20, steareth-20, sorbltan monoesters, sodiua tallow alkylsulfatt and tallow
betalnt. Such surfactant materials are described In the following documents, all Incorporated by reference herein: H.C. Publishing Co., NcCutcheon's Determents & Emulsiflers, (North American edition, 1979); Schwartz et a1.. Surface Active Agents, Their Chemistry and Techaotcgy (1949); and U.S. Patent 3,929,678, Laughlin et a1.. Issued December 30, 1975.
Preferred optional non-catlonic surfactant Materials useful herein are nonlonlc. Such surfactants are most commonly produced by the condensation of an alkylene oxide (hydrophilic In nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound, which Is usually aliphatic or alkyl aromatic fn nature. The length of the hydrophllfc or polyalkylene moiety which is condensed with any particular hydrophobic compound can be readily adjusted to yield a water-soluble compound having the desired degree of balance between hydrophlllc and hydrophobic elements. Such nonlonlc surfactants Include polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, condensation products of aliphatic alcohols with ethylene oxide condensation products of ethylent oxide with a hydrophobic bast formed by condensation of propylene oxide with propylent glycol, and condensation products of ethylene oxide with the product resulting from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylene diamine. Another variety of nonlonlc surfactant is the non-polar nonfonic, typified by amine oxidt surfactants. Preferred nonlonlc surfactants Include ceteareth-20, stearcth-20 and ceteth-2.
Salts and buffers may also be added In order to modify the product rheology. For example. salts such as potassium chloride and sodium chloride may be added at levels of from about O.OO1% to about 1% of the composition. Buffers, such as citrate or phosphate buffers, may also be used. Preferably the pH of the present compositions are modified to a pH of from about 3 to about 10, preferably from about 3 to about 7.
Components which provide additional conditioning benefits may also be utilized herein. For exaxmple, proteins may be added at levels of from about O.1% to about 10% of the composition.
Thickening agents art also preferred optional components useful In the present Invention. Such thickeners Include nonlonic thickening agents, Incorporated at levels from about O.1% to about S%. Such agents are polymers which exhibit viscosities exceeding about 20,000 centlpolse at low shear (about 10-2 sec-1). Included among such polymers are polyoxyethylene, guar gum, methylcellu-lose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, polypropyl cellulose, polypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, starches and starch derivatives, and mixtures thereof. Nonlonic thickening agents are disclosed In U.S. Patent 4,387,090, Bolich et al., Issued June 7, 1983, Incorporated by reference herein. Said thickening agents are used to bring to viscosity of the composition to from about 10,625 to about 14,375 centlpolse as measured with a Wells-Brookfield viscometer. Model RVT DV-CP-2, DV-11, Model Cone CP-52 using 1/2 ml at 1 rpm at 26.70C for I minute.
In addition to the above actives, piperonyl butoxide may be added at levels from about 1% to about 5X.
The hair conditioning composition of the present invention are preferably used on the hair after all the shampoo has been rinsed off. The present Invention provides methods of conditioning hair, comprising the steps of:
(a) applying from about 10 gram to about 30 grans of a composition of the present Invention to wet hair;
(b) working said composition through the hair and scalp;
(c) leaving the composition on the hair and scalp for about 6-10 minutes; and
(d) rinsing the composition fron the hair.
The following non-limiting examples Illustrate the compositions and the methods of use of the present Invention.
Example I
A conditioner composition of the present Invention is as follows.
Component Weight %
Cetyl Alcohol 1.00
Stearyl Alcohol 0.72
OMOH Hydantoln 0.20
Cellulose 2-Hydroxyethyl Ether 0.50
Quatern1um-18 0.85
Dimethlcone Copolyol * 0.20
Ceteareth-20 0.35
SAPDHA (Stearanldopropyldlmethyl Amine) 0.50
Glyceryl Honostearate 0.25
Citric Acid 0.08
Sodium Citrate 0.05
Phenyl Ethanol 2.50
Water q.s. to 100.00
Available as Dow Corning 190 Silicone Surfactant
The above composition is prepared by adding all components, except DMOM hydantoln, citric add, sodium citrate, and silicone copolyol. In a processing tank and heating to about 880C. Mix thoroughly, cool to about 48*C, add all remaining components, and q.s. with water. Cool the mixture to between 25*C and 28*C, mix thoroughly, and pump Into storage drums.
Example II
A conditioner composition of the present Invention is as follows.
Component Weight %
Cetyl Alcohol 1.35
Stearyl Alcohol 1.35
Ceteareth-20 0.80
Stearalkonluffl Chlorldt 1.60
Cetrlmonlun Chloride 1.60
Glyceryl Monostearate 0.50
Citric Add 0.11
Phenyl Propandlol 1.50
Kathon CG (15% solution) 0.04
Water q.s. to 100.00
The above composition is prepared by adding components, except the kathon solution and citric acid, In a processing tank and heating to about 880C. After the solution Is thoroughly mixed, cool to approximately 480C. Add the remaining components to the processing tank, q.s. with water, and bring the temperature to about 410c. Cool the Mixture to between 2S*C and 280C, mix thoroughly, and pump Into storage drums.
Example III
A conditioner composition of the present Invention Is as follows.
Component Weight %
Cetyl Alcohol 1.00
Stearyl Alcohol 0.72
OMON Hydantoln 0.20
Cellulose 2-Hydroxyethyl Ether 0.50
Quatern1un-18 0.85
Dimethlcone Copolyol 1 0.10
Ceteareth-20 0.35
SAPOHA (Stearamldopropyldlncthyl Amine) 0.50
Glyceryl Monostearate 0.25
Citric Add 0.08
Sodium Citrate 0.05
Silicone Gum 2 0.30
Cyclonethlcone fluid 1.70
Phenyl Ethanol 1.00
Permethrin 3 1.00
Water q.s. to 100.00
1 Available as Dow Corning 190 Silicone Surfactant
2 Silicone gum available from The General Electric Company as
SE-30 or SE76 Gun.
3 Available from Mitchell Cotts Chemicals.
The above composition Is prepared by adding all components, except the DHOH hydantoln, citric acid, sllicont gum, cyclo-methlcone, dimethlcone copolyol, and permethrin, In a processing tank and heating to about 880C. After the solution Is thoroughly mixed, cool to approximately 480C. In a separatt tank, mix the silicone gum and cyclomethlcone with heat and agitation to font a gum solution. Add permethrin, gum solution, and all the remaining components to the processing tank, q.s. with water, and bring the temperature to about 410C. Cool the mixture to between 250C and 280C, mix thoroughly, and pump Into storage drums.
These products, when applied to the hair which has been shampooed or wet with water, are useful as hair conditioning compositions, even after storage at high temperatures.
These storage stable products applied to hair and left on for
about 30 minutes, are useful hair
conditioning.

WE CLAIM:-
A hair conditioning composition comprising:
(a) from 0.1% to 5.0% of a cationic surfactant selected from the
group consisting of quaternary ammonium salts, fatty amines, and
mixtures thereof, said cationic surfactants preferably being a
quaternary ammonium salt or a fatty amine, said quaternary
ammonium salt preferably being selected from the group consisting
of dicetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, tricetyl methyl ammonium
chloride, ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(hydrogenated
tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimethyl benzyl
ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and
mixtures thereof, and said fatty amine preferably being selected
from the group conisting of primary, secondary and tertiary fatty
amines having at least one alkyl group with from 12 to 22 carbon
atoms, more preferably being- selected from the group consisting
of secondary and tertiary fatty, amines having at least one alkyl
group with from 12 to 22 carbon atoms and most preferably said
cationic surfactant being a stearamidopropyl dimethyl amine;
(b) from 0.25% to 10% of an alkanol synergizer selected from the
group consiting of phenyl C2-C6 alkanols, phenyl C2-C6 diols, C2-
C8 alkylene diols, and mixtures •therof wherein the amount of
phenyl C2-C6 alkanols, phenyl C2-C6 diols, and mixtures' thereof
does not exceed 5% by weight of the composition, said alkanol
synergizer preferably being selected from the group consisting
of phenyl methanol, phenyl ethanol, phenyl propanol, phenyl
ethanediol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, hexylene glycol, and mixtures thereof; and
(c) optionally other conventional hair conditioning compounds
and
(d) from 85% to 95% of a liquid vehicle selected from the group
consisting of C1 to C5 monohydric alcohols, water, and mixtures
thereof, said liquid vehicle preferably being water.
2. A hair conditioning composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein a hair conditioning compound is present in an amount of from 0.5% to 5% said conditioning compound being a lipid material said lipid material preferably being natural and synthetically-derived fatty materials selected from the group consiting of acids, acid derivatives, alcohols, esters, ketones, amides, and mixtures therof having alkyl chain lengths from 12 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably being selected form the group consisting of C12 to C22 fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters, and mixtures thereof and most preferably being a fatty alcohol selected from the group consisting of C12 -C16 alcohols, cetearyl alcohol, cetyl balcohol, isosterayl alcohol, lanolin alcohol, lauryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and mixtres thereof and from 85% to 95% water.
3. A hair conditioning composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alkanol synergizer is phenyl ethanol.
4. A hair conditioning composition as claimed in claim 1
comprising a conditioning compound in an amount of from 0.2% to
5% said coniditioning compound being a silicone material selected
from the group consisting of volatile siloxanes, non-volatile
siloxanes, and mixtures thereof.
*
5. A hair conditioning composition as claimed in any of the
preceding claims , comprises from 0.1% to 10% of a dimethicone
copolyol.
6 . A hair conditioning composition substantially as hereinbefore described in any one of the examples.