DESC:PRIORITY CLAIM:
[0001] This application claims priority from the provisional application numbered 201841048496 filed with Indian Patent Office, Chennai on 21st December 2018 titled “Herbal composition for wound healing”, the entirety of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference.
Preamble to the Description
[0002] The following specification describes the invention and the manner in which is to be performed:
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Technical field of the invention
[0001] The present invention generally relates to a herbal composition for wound healing in farm animals and process for their preparation. More particularly, the invention relates to a herbal composition comprising Pinus longifoli exudate oil, Trachyspermum ammi seed powder and Azadirachta indica seed oil. The composition is used for wound healing and helps in eliminating maggots and flies.
Background of the invention
[0002] Several herbs are identified for their curative nature and possess an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and soothing properties. The plants contain several phytochemicals comprising pharmacologically-active ingredients and have found applications in treatment of several infections in animals and humans as well.
[0003] Generally, medicinal plants exhibit antibacterial activity as well as contain antioxidants which aid in wound healing and are safe compared to the synthetic medicines especially for treating animals.

[0004] Wound healing and management in animals pose a serious challenge. The existing therapies of modern science have limitations with respect to treatment and remedy for certain wounds. Generally, in animals the treatment of wounds and lesions pose practical challenges, particularly under tropical conditions of high temperature and humidity when flies become very active. Thus, resulting in an increased risk of complications arising from parasites and bacteria.
[0005] The US Patent Application “US20100178367” titled “Herbal formulation for wound healing” discloses a herbal formulation with highly potent wound healing properties in both humans and animals. The composition comprises of aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica, in a mixture of natural oils along with herbs such as Berberis aristata, Curcuma longa, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Jasminum officinale, Picrorhiza kurrooa, Pongamia pinnata, Rubia folia, Saussurea lappa, Terminalia chebula, Trichosanthes dioica, capsicum and stellata wild in precise ratios. The invention also includes a process for preparing the formulation by extracting the water-soluble components from bark of Azadirachta indica.
[0006] The Patent Application “WO2002085394A1” titled “The process of preparing the topical anti-inflammatory or analgesic preparation” discloses a process of preparing topical anti-inflammatory and analgesic preparation that comprise herbal ingredients. The process involves the extraction of herbal ingredients in the solvent followed by concentrating and filtering of solvent. Further, addition of base oil to the filtrate and removal of solvent by boiling the mixture. The resultant extract is cooled and along with addition of volatile oils to the extract. The process for preparation comprises extraction of individual herb or a mixture thereof. Cissus quadragularis (Asthisamhara) and Costus specious (Bramhatirtha) are the essential herbs that provide a synergistic compositions. Few of the optional herbal ingredients used in the process comprises Terminalia chebula (Haritaki), Terminali bellerica (Bibhitaka), Emblica officinalis (Amalaki), Melia azadirchta (Nimba), Vitex negundo (Nirgundi), Commiphora mukul (Guggulu). The volatile oils used optionally in the process are Pinus longifolia (Sarala), Camphora officinarum (karpur), Apium graveolens (Ajmoda), Cedrus deodara (Devdaru oil), Eucalyptus globulus (Nilgiri oil), Melaleuca leucadendron (cajuput oil). The compositions derived from the process are found to be effective in relieving various painful and inflammatory conditions.
[0007] Hence, in order to overcome the disadvantages that exist in the state of the art, a herbal composition for external or topical application which exhibit antibiotic and wound-healing properties is required. Thus, necessitating an effective composition by providing a low-cost method for treatment of wounds and topical lesions.
Summary of the invention
[0008] The invention overcomes the drawbacks in the existing state of the art, by providing a wound healing composition that possess antimicrobial activity and acts as antimaggot and fly repellant. Thus, aiding in treatment of wound in farm animals by topical or external application using a low-cost method.
[0009] The herbal composition comprises herbal extracts along with certain excipients. Around 10 ml of the composition comprises Pinus longifoli exudate oil at a concentration in the range between 1.0 gm to 3.0 gm, Trachyspermum ammi seed powder at a concentration in the range between 0.05 gm to 0.11 gm, and Azadirachta indica seed oil at a concentration in the range between 0.55 gm to 1.0 gm. In addition, the composition further comprises excipients such as Eucalyptus citriodora oil at a concentration in the range between 0.05 gm to 0.11 gm, curcumin powder at a concentration in the range between 0.01 gm to 1 gm, polysorbate-20 at a concentration in the range between 0.05 gm to 0.11 gm, isopropyl alcohol at a concentration in the range between 1 gm to 4 gm, acetone at a concentration in the range between 0.85 gm to 1 gm and liquefied petroleum gas at a concentration in the range between 1gm to 4 gm.
[0010] The composition uses Azadirachta indica in a very less amount to achieve antibacterial activity. Thymol from Trachyspermum ammi is also utilized in a concentration that does not result in irritation and necrosis on the skin of the farm animals.
[0011] The composition is useful for external or topical application and exhibits remarkable antibiotic and wound-healing properties. It is particularly effective in treating and curing wounds, eliminating maggots and flies. The potency and powerful antimicrobial action of the herbal composition is due to the synergistic action of the ingredients. The invention provides an effective and cost-effective composition for treatment of wounds and topical lesions.
Brief description of the drawings
[0012] The foregoing and other features of embodiments will become more apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like elements.
[0013] Figure 1 tabulates the weight percentage concentration of the herbal composition.
[0014] Figure 2 relates to fly repellant assay of the test samples against 100% pure neem oil.
Detailed description of the invention
[0015] Reference will now be made in detail to the description of the present subject matter, one or more examples of which are shown in figures. Each example is provided to explain the subject matter and not a limitation. Various changes and modifications obvious to one skilled in the art to which the invention pertains are deemed to be within the spirit, scope and contemplation of the invention.
[0016] In order to more clearly and concisely describe and point out the subject matter of the claimed invention, the following definitions are provided for specific terms, which are used in the following written description.
[0017] The term “Composition” means a material or mixture prepared using different ingredients in a specified ratio, as the context requires.
[0018] The term “Thymol” means a phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent, as the context requires.
[0019] The term “Necrosis” means an infection, toxins, or trauma which results in the unregulated digestion of cell components, as the context requires.
[0020] The term “Antibacterial activity” means a substance that destroys bacteria or suppresses their growth or their ability to reproduce, as the context requires.
[0021] The term “Antifungal activity” means a substance that limits or prevents the growth of yeasts and other fungal organisms, as the context requires.
[0022] The term “Maggot” means a soft-bodied legless larva of a fly or other insect, found in decaying matter, as the context requires.
[0023] The invention discloses a composition made of Pinus longifoli exudate oil, Trachyspermum ammi seed powder and Azadirachta indica seed oil. The composition provides various benefits such as wound healing in farm animals. It also acts as a fly repellant and eliminates maggot.
[0024] Pinus longifoli commonly known as chir pine or longleaf Indian pine, is a species of pine. It is native to the Himalayas and was named after William Roxburgh. The turpentine obtained from the resin of all pine trees is antiseptic, diuretic, rubefacient and vermifuge. The extract is beneficial for a variety of skin complaints such as wounds, sores, burns, boils etc. and is used in the form of liniment plasters, poultices, herbal steam baths and inhalers.
[0025] Trachyspermum ammi is a famous Indian spice. It is commonly available throughout India. The herb is also called ajwain or carom or yavani. Ajwain contains thymol, an essential oil that gives the spice its distinct taste and aroma. The seeds are antispasmodic, stimulant and carminative in nature.
[0026] Azadirachta indica commonly known as neem, nimtree or Indian lilac. The tree is typically grown in tropical and semi-tropical regions. Neem trees also grow in islands located in the southern part of Iran. Neem tree is used as anthelmintic, anti-fungal, anti-diabetic, antibacterial, antiviral, contraceptive and sedative agent. Neem tree is used in many medicinal treatments including skin diseases. Neem oil has been found to be an effective mosquito repellent.
[0027] Figure 1 tabulates weight percentage concentration of the herbal composition. As tabulated in Figure 1, each 10 ml of the composition comprise Pinus longifoli exudate oil at a concentration in the range between 1.0 gm to 3.0 gm, Trachyspermum ammi seed powder at a concentration in the range between 0.05 gm to 0.11 gm, Azadirachta indica seed oil at a concentration in the range between 0.55 gm to 1.0 gm. In addition, the composition further comprises excipients such as Eucalyptus citriodora oil at a concentration in the range between 0.05 gm to 0.11 gm, curcumin powder at a concentration in the range between 0.01 gm to 1.0 gm, polysorbate-20 at a concentration in the range between 0.05 gm to 0.11 gm, isopropyl alcohol at a concentration in the range between 1.0 gm to 4.0 gm, acetone at a concentration in the range between 0.85 gm to 1.0 gm and liquefied petroleum gas at a concentration in the range between 1.0 gm to 4.0 gm.
[0028] The excipients of the composition such as polysorbate-20 functions as a pharmaceutical aid in the composition. Further, the oil of Eucalyptus citriodora adds fragrance to the composition while isopropyl alcohol and acetone functions as a solvent. Additionally, the curcumin powder adds color to the composition and liquefied petroleum gas functions as a propellant.
[0029] The following example is offered to aid in understanding of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope thereof.
Example 1: Fly repellant assay to determine the efficacy of the herbal composition
[0030] Behavioral experiments were conducted using a release-in-cage assay method, which consists of three consecutive compartments of acrylic cages (each cage, 30 × 30 × 30 cm). 3 to 5 days old house flies were first released in the fly release cage (R). The R cage has two doors (15 × 15 cm) closed, each door at one end was connected with control cage (C) and the other connected with the treated cage (T).
[0031] The control and test sample were applied on filter paper at specified dose and air dried, the treated filter paper was attached on central wall of the T cage, while a control filter paper was attached on central wall of the C cage. Two petri dishes (diameter 5.5 × 1.2 cm) containing cotton pads soaked with 8% sugar solution (as a bait) were placed on the bottom section of the T and C cages. At one min after treatment, the two doors of the R cage were gently lifted in order to expose the test flies to both T and C cages. The numbers of flies flying into each cage (in control and treated) were counted at 5 min and 15 min time points.
[0032] The behavioural index was calculated according to the following formula:
Behavioural index (BI) % = [(C+R )- T)/(C +R+ T)] × 100,
Where C is the number of house flies in the control cage
T is the number of house flies in the treated cage
R is no of flies in released cage.
If the index = 0.18 ± 2.31, no repellency or attraction;
If index > 0 it shows repellency;
The index = 30% was considered as very low repellency;
31 – 50% low repellency;
51 – 70% moderate repellency;
71 – 90% strong repellency; and
> 90% very strong repellent (similar for attractant, if index < 0). Based on the index, average ± SE of repellent or attractant percentage were reported.
[0033] Azadirachta indica (neem) seed oil provides efficient fly repellent property at concentration of about 0.980g. The neem oil also exhibits antibacterial, antifungal activity and assists in wound healing in the farm animals.
[0034] Figure 2 relates to fly repellant assay of the herbal composition against 100% pure neem oil. The assay is performed to determine the effectiveness of the herbal composition in comparison with (100%) neem oil. Figure 2 (a) relates to the fly repellant activity determined between 100% neem oil and sample 1 comprising the herbal composition at a concentration of 200?l in 20% neem oil for an exposure of 5 mins. The behavioral index of sample 1 (exposed for 5 mins) was found to be 78% in comparison with 100% neem oil with 89.33% activity. Figure 2 (b) relates to the fly repellant activity determined between 100% neem oil and sample 2 comprising the herbal composition at a concentration of 200?l in 20% neem oil for an exposure of 15 mins. The behavioral index of sample 2 (exposed for 15 mins) was found to be 82% in comparison with 100% neem oil with 88% activity. Figure 2 (c) relates to the fly repellant activity determined between 100% neem oil and sample 3 comprising the herbal composition at a concentration of 400?l in 20% neem oil for an exposure of 5 mins. The behavioral index of sample 3 (exposed for 5 mins) was found to be 76% in comparison with 100% neem oil with 81.33% activity. Figure 2 (d) relates to the fly repellant activity determined between 100% neem oil and sample 4 comprising the herbal composition at a concentration of 400?l in 20% neem oil for an exposure of 15 mins. The behavioral index of sample 4 (exposed for 15 mins) was found to be 78% in comparison with 100% neem oil with 78.67 % activity.
[0035] As illustrated in Figure 2, upon reduction of the percentage of neem oil from 100% to 20% along with blending with the herbal composition, the ingredients exhibited similar fly repellent activity as 100% neem oil.
[0036] Trachyspermum ammi seed powder possesses antibacterial activity and act as a fly repellant and wound healing agent. Pinus longifoli exudate oil acts as an anti-maggot and fly repellant agent. Thymol from Trachyspermum ammi present in an appropriate concentration in the composition does not result in skin irritation or have necrotic effect on the skin of the farm animal.
[0037] The compostion has a synergestic effects and exhibits properties of an antibacterial, antimaggot and fly repellant, thus aiding in wound healing. The composition of the invention can be prepared in the form topically application to the infected areas.

,CLAIMS:We Claim:
1. A herbal composition for wound healing in farm animals, wherein each 10 ml of the composition comprises:
a. Pinus longifoli exudate oil at a concentration in the range between 1.0 gm to 3.0 gm;
b. Trachyspermum ammi seed powder at a concentration in the range between 0.05 gm to 0.11 gm;
c. Azadirachta indica seed oil at a concentration in the range between 0.55 gm to 1.0 gm;
d. Eucalyptus citriodora oil at a concentration in the range between 0.05 gm to 0.11 gm;
e. curcumic at a concentration in the range between 0.01 gm to 1 gm;
f. polysorbate-20 at a concentration in the range between 0.05 gm to 0.11 gm;
g. isopropyl alcohol at a concentration in the range between 1 gm to 4 gm;
h. acetone at a concentration in the range between 0.85 gm to 1 gm; and
i. liquefied petroleum gas in the at a concentration range between 1gm to 4 gm.
2. The herbal compostion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition is used for topical application to the infected areas.
3. The herbal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition at a concentration of 200 ?l and 400 ?l in 20% neem oil with a exposure time of 5 mins and 15 mins for each displayed strong fly repellant activity similar to 100% neem oil.