FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a reactor system for the manufacture of carbon black by
furnace process with higher yield by increased heat input and higher flame temperature
in the reactor and a method of manufacture of carbon black involving such a reactor
system. More particularly, the present invention relates to manufacture of carbon black
by furnace process economically involving increased flame temperature. The system and
method of the invention for production of Carbon black of the invention is directed to
achieve higher yield by way of attaining higher heat input and increased flame
temperature. Importantly, the system and method of the present invention is capable of
achieving special characteristics in terms of significant reduction of Sieve Residue,
controlled narrow particle size and aggregate size distribution, imparting high color
(improved jetness) and higher tinting strength as compared to carbon black produced
using conventional high temperature reactor. Additionally, the reactor system and
process substantially increases the yield% and productivity by way of about 13-16%
increase in the heat input to the reactor.
BACKGROUND ART
It is well known in related field that Carbon black [C.A.S. NO. 1333-86-4] is virtually pure
elemental carbon in the form of colloidal particles. Its physical appearance is that of a
black, finely divided pellet or powder.
Carbon Black is an industrial product used in polymer industries and mainly in rubber
industries as reinforcing, colorant and diluting agent for polymer, rubber to improve the
mechano chemical and rheological properties for processing of raw compound and
improving service of the cured product like Tyre, Conveyor Belts, Plastics , Paints and
Inks etc .
Use of carbon black is widely acknowledged in various types of tires, wherein it is used in
inner liners, carcasses, sidewalls and treads utilizing different types based on specific
performance requirements. Carbon black is also used in many molded and extruded
industrial rubber products, such as belts, hoses, gaskets, diaphragms, vibration isolation

devices, bushings, air springs, chassis bumpers, and multiple types of pads, boots, wiper
blades, fascia, conveyor wheels, and grommets.
Carbon blacks are now widely used for conductive packaging, films, fibers, moldings,
pipes and semi-conductive cable compounds in products such as refuse sacks, industrial
bags, photographic containers, agriculture mulch film, stretch wrap, and thermoplastic
molding applications for automotive, electrical/electronics, household appliances and
blow-molded containers.
The classification of carbon black has traditionally been based on the method of its
manufacture. There are three basic known methods which are as follows:
The Channel Process
The Thermal Process
The Furnace Process
At present furnace process is extensively used for the production of carbon black mainly
due to following reasons:
(i) The much improved production of economics of this process as against cost
and availability of raw materials for other processes of carbon black
manufacture
(ii) The technical advantage of oil furnace black of carbon black is characterized
by the following properties.
(iii) Particle Size Distribution
(iv) Surface area
(v) Porosity
(vi) Structure /Nano structure
(vii) Surface activity and pH
Presently the latest carbon black technology includes the production of carbon black in
improved furnace process. Depending on the particle size, its distribution and use ,
carbon black is divided into two broad categories, namely:Tread and Carcass.

Considering the growing need for higher quantities of Carbon Black of required quality to
meet variety of applications, the present invention is directed to achieving higher yield of
mainly tread carbon black produced by the furnace process implemented with higher
flame temperature and heat input with an improved configuration of reactor.
As regards the basic steps involved in the conventional Oil furnace process for
production of Carbon Black it may be noted that two types of raw material are
conventionally in use e.g. (i) Conversion oil/make oil comprising Liquid Hydrocarbon like
Lube Extract, FCC bottoms from Petroleum refineries, Tar Oil from Steel plants etc. and
(ii)Tangential feed stock or supporting feed stock comprising Liquid Hydrocarbons of
lighter varieties like LDO,HSD,LSHS from refineries. But make oils (IFS/CBFS) are also
used for tangential feedstock due to economic benefit.
Heated feedstock is fed to the horizontal refractory lined reactors through burners of
special design which undergo cracking inside the reactor at high temperature in the
range of 1875-1925 °C, with insufficient air along with simultaneous combustion of the
make oil with cracking.
Oils undergo high temperature Cracking (incomplete combustion) inside the reactor in
deficiency of oxygen to form Carbon Black. Few gases are also generated during the
reaction. The combustion of gases is called 'Off-Gas".
The chemical reactions taking place inside the reactor basically are as follows:

SO2 is also formed if S is present in the Feedstock. The temperature of the reaction
varies from 1875 °C to 1925 °C depending on the type and grade of Carbon Black
produced.



There also occur some other secondary reactions leading to generation of other gases as
follows

The resultant smoke of Carbon Black and off gas produced are directly quenched with
water sprays and passed through heat exchanger/Recuperator, which helps conserving
considerable quantity of heat energy extracted from hot carbon black smoke stream used
to preheating the cold process air to increase its temp from 850° C in air preheater
depending on grade. Carbon black is thereafter separated avoiding condensation of
steam, processed and dried to obtain the desired product.
It has however been observed that due to limitation of the temperature bearing capacity
of the refractory and furnace/reactor shell, there has been limitation to achieve desired
high flame temperature and heat input in the combustion zone required for higher yield
of carbon black having improved tint% or blackness. Over the years attempts have been
made to increase the yield% of carbon black following:
High BMCI feedstock oil;
Higher preheat temperature of process air;
Higher 02 content of process air by 02 enrichment;
Higher load of fuel oil;
Higher preheating temperature of feedstock oil;

Higher spraying pressure of feedstock oil;
Effective termination of side reaction by proper quenching;
However, in the conventional reactor, the flame temperature still continue to be limited
by the reactor hot face lining refractory temperature, since a higher hot face lining
refractory temperature results in damage to the refractory.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is thus the basic object of the present invention to provide a High Flame Temperature
Reactor system for manufacturing carbon black of desired quality and method thereof,
ensuring higher flame temperature and heat input without damage of the refractory
lining or reactor shell.
Another object of the present invention is directed to provide a High Flame Temperature
Reactor system for manufacturing carbon black of desired quality to enable high flame
temperature for combustion reactions surrounding the combustion section and the throat
section of the reactor to benefit yield and quality of the carbon black produced.
A further object of the present invention is directed to provide for High Flame
Temperature Reactor system for manufacturing carbon black of desired quality wherein
the average yield and productivity could be enhanced by about 0.7-1.5% in high
temperature tread black reactor.
A still further object of the present invention is directed to providing a High Flame
Temperature Reactor system for manufacturing carbon black of desired quality involving
advancements in and around the combustion zone and throat section allowing the
castable layer of the refractory to be cooled thus favouring increasing temperature
gradient between the flame and the reactor shell, allowing further increase of flame
temperature.

A still further object of the present invention is directed to providing a High Flame
Temperature Reactor system for manufacturing carbon black of desired quality wherein
tint% could be improved by about 6-8% to produce high colour blacks...
A still further object of the present invention is directed to provide a High Flame
Temperature Reactor system for manufacturing carbon black to achieve the maximum
attainable flame temperature in the combustion zone and maximize attainable
throughput in the throat section of the reactor.
A still further object of the present invention is thus directed to provide a water cooled
High Flame Temperature Reactor system for manufacturing carbon black to enhance the
service life of the throat section of the refractory as well as beyond the throat section.
A still further object of the present invention is thus directed to provide for a High Flame
Temperature Reactor system for manufacturing carbon black to minimize the sieve
residue generation in the reactor.
A still further object of the present invention is thus directed to provide High Flame
Temperature Reactor system to achieve improvement of abrasive resistance in the
carbon black produced adapted to be used in tire tread manufacturing.
Yet further object of the present invention is directed to technical advancements in the
manufacture of carbon black involving High Flame Temperature Reactor system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Thus according to the basic aspect of the invention there is provided a high flame
temperature reactor (HFTR) for partial and/or pyrolytic conversion of hydrocarbons
comprising:
a combustion zone ;
a reaction zone (throat section) ;

a reactor cooling arrangement comprising water jacket provided over said combustion
zone and the reaction zone(throat section) of the reactor to circulate cooling water and
favouring enhancing the flame temperature of the reactor and also protect the reactor
refractory ;
the exit of the water jacket operatively connected to heat exchanger means for cooling
the water before recirculation into the said jacket.
According to an aspect in the above high flame temperature reactor the water exiting
from the water jacket is injected into a shell and tube type heat exchanger for cooling
the same. Preferably, the cooled water from the heat exchanger is fed to a DM tank for
further recirculation into the water jacket.
Advantageously, the said reactor cooling arrangement is adapted such that the flame
temperature increases to as high as 2050 to 2150°C preferably about 2100 °C in the
combustion chamber at equivalent air rate of 5700-6000 nm3/hr and the equivalent APH
Temperature of 700-800°C.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention in the high flame temperature reactor
of the invention considering the high flame temperature attained as high as 2100° C,
the refractory is selected keeping in view such additional severe operating condition and
thermal stress faced by the refractory.
The cooling of the reactor shell is done by circulating ambient water in a helical manner
through the said combustion zone and said reaction zone (throat section) where the
flame temperature is maximum.
According to a further aspect of the invention the said water cooling arrangement in the
reactor system of the invention is adapted such that the ambient water would allow the
castable layer of the refractory to be cooled thus increasing temperature gradient
between the flame and the reactor shell, favouring increase of flame temperature.

The above reactor system of the invention thus involves sufficient amount of cooling
water (DM) with the temperature of the cooling water preferably about 30-42 °C. Also,
said water cooling arrangement is selectively provided to achieve greater temperature
differential between the refractory surface and the flame thus allowing further increase of
the flame temperature favoring higher conversion of the oil to carbon black, resulting in
higher yields and higher throughput.
Moreover, the reactor system of the invention involving the said water cooling
arrangement is adapted to favor quality improvement of carbon black in terms of
reducing sieve residue drastically and tint % improved by 6-8% favoring
improvedjetness.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a process
for the manufacture of carbon black using the High Flame Temperature Reactor (HFTR)
system comprising:
burning a hydrocarbon fluid fuel, natural gas or fuel oil, in a stream of process air
furnished by a blower;
the hot gases produced by the combustion of the fuel flow through said rector ;
injecting a feedstock oil, preferably highly aromatic, as source of carbon into the flowing
hot gases downstream of a point where the combustion of the fuel is complete;
vaporizing the oil feedstock as one step in the carbon black forming process involving
high velocity of the hot gas stream, a high degree of turbulence, high temperature, and
high degree of atomization of the oil;
carrying the feedstock oil vapor by the hot combustion gases with the combustion gases
attaining temperatures of from about 3400°F to about 3800°F by way of operation of the
said cooling arrangement and circulation of the coolant water through the jackets
provided over the combustion section and the throat section;
radiant heat from the refractory, directly transmitted by the hot gases, high shear and
mixing in the hot gases, and combustion of a portion of the oil by residual oxygen in the

combustion products all combining to transfer heat very rapidly to the feedstock oil
vapors thereby cracking the oil feedstock molecules , polymerizing and dehydrogenating,
and progressively becoming larger and less hydrogenated until some reach a state of
nuclei of carbon;
allowing the nuclei to grow in size, such that at some stage there is coalescence of
particles to form cluster-like aggregates;.
quenching the hot gases containing the carbon black to a temperature low enough to
stop or significantly slow the side reactions,
In the above process the said cooling arrangement is operated selectively to achieve
significant reduction of sieve residue ,narrow particle size and aggregate size distribution
and imparting colour (improved jetness).
Preferably, the DM water is circulated through the water jacket provided in the reactor
system of the invention.
According to a further aspect in the above method the flame temperature is increased
to as high as 2050°C to 2150°C preferably 2100 °C in the combustion chamber at
equivalent air rate of 5700-6000 nm3/nr and the equivalent APH Temperature of 700-
800°C.
The details of the invention, its objects and advantages are explained hereunder in
greater detail in relation to the following non-limiting exemplary illustrations as per the
following accompanying figures:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
Figure 1: is the schematic illustration of the process flow diagram for the conventional
carbon black manufacturing facility including the captive power generation facility,
showing the different equipments/devices used in such a system;

Figure 2: is the schematic illustration of the conventional carbon black reactor with heat
recovery unit such as the air preheater;
Figure 3: is the schematic illustration of the high flame temperature reactor(HFTR)
system involving the cooling water jacket provided on converging cone of combustion
zone and the throat section of reactor to allow higher flame temperature for enhanced
conversion and yield for production of carbon black of desired quality according to the
present invention;
Figure 4: is the schematic illustration of the refractory assembly of the water cooled
choke portion of reactor along with cooling water steel jacket; and
Figure 5: graphically illustrates the average sieve residue reduction.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION WITH REFERENCE TO THE
ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
As discussed hereinbefore, the present invention relates to a High Flame Temperature
Reactor for the manufacture of carbon black by furnace process with increased flame
temperature in the combustion chamber. This could be achieved by providing for the
selective combination of cooling water circulation through jackets provided over the
combustion section and throat section of the reactor and the reactor refractory. The
system and method of the invention favour the production of carbon black having
special characteristics in terms of significant reduction of sieve residue, Narrow particle
size & aggregate size distribution, imparting high color (improved jetness) .
The present invention suggests an advancement made in the combustion zone and
Reaction zone of the reactor ensuring High flame temperature through water cooling
arrangement. It has been found that the water cooling arrangement of the Combustion
zone and the Reaction Zone plays important role for achieving the desired result of
excellent quality in terms of high tint %, lower sieve residue and excellent yield% of
carbon black.

In order to increase flame temperature without damaging refractory, it is found to be
essential to provide for cooling of the reactor shell. This is achieved by circulating
ambient water in a helical manner through the 2nd shell of the head section as well as the
convergent zone, where the flame temperature is maximum. The ambient water allow
the castable layer of the refractory to be cooled thus increasing temperature gradient
between the flame and the reactor shell, allowing further increase of flame temperature.
This modified arrangement of reactor enable increasing the flame temp as high as 2050-
2150Deg C.
The present invention relates to an apparatus and an improved method of producing
carbon black and in particular to control the particle size and aggregate size distribution
of carbon black produced as reflected by the higher tinting strength, lower level of Sieve
Residue through control of High Flame Temperature, achieved by High flame temperature
Water cooled Reactor. Additionally, the new process substantially increases the yield%
and productivity due to 13-16% increase in the heat input to the reactor.
Reference is first invited to the accompanying Figure 1 which illustrates process flow
diagram for the conventional carbon black manufacturing facility showing all essential
elements involved in such as system functional aspects of which have been discussed in
the preceding background section. However, as discussed hereinbefore in the
conventional reactor, the flame temperature is limited by the reactor hot face lining
refractory temperature, since a higher hot face lining refractory temperature results in
damage to the refractory.
Reference is next invited to the accompanying Figure 2 which schematically illustrates
the conventional carbon black reactor with heat recovery unit such as the air preheater.
For operation of reactor with heat recovery unit following factors/steps are critical related
to the carbon black quality improvement as well as yield improvement in carbon black
manufacturing process.
Step I
Combustion Reaction:
CxHy +(x+y/4)O2 = XCo2 +(y/2) H2O +O2

Fuel combustion: For efficient combustion of fuel it is experienced in the art that Higher
load of fuel oil (lower air to fuel ratio) is preferred ; Higher preheating temperature of
process air for effective combustion of fuel is preferred.
Step II & III
Vaporization of feedstock oil
Reaction: CxHy = CxHy(g) +02
Finer spray feedstock oil by better spray nozzle with higher spray pressure is preferred
and also higher temperature feedstock oil is (250 Deg C) required for efficient feedstock
vaporization favoring higher yield of carbon black.
Combustion of a part of feedstock oil
Reaction involved in combustion of part of feedstock oil as fuel oil
CxHy+(x+y/4 +z/2)O2 = xCO +(x+z)CO2 +(y/2)H2O +O2
Heat efficiency of feedstock oil combustion is not as good as fuel because of lack of O2 in
upstream combustion gas. Thus O2 enrichment in the process is supposed to increase
heat efficiency at this step. Complete utilization of O2 during the combustion of fuel and
a part of feedstock oil is necessary
Dehydrogenation of feedstock oil
Reaction involved : CxHy = xC + (y/2)H2 -Q
This dehydrogenation of oil involves endothermic process which require high temperature
environment. For efficiency of the process higher temperature of process air for
preheating and higher fuel load (fuel/air ratio) is preferred. Also feedstock with higher
BMCI is preferred.
Step IV
Side Reaction and Quenching
Carbon to water shift reaction: C +H2O = CO +H2 +Q

Reburning of Carbon: C + O2 = 2CO + Q
Effective termination of side reaction by selecting proper quenching equipment is
preferred.
The above points are taken care of during designing the new reactor system with high
flame temperature combustion system configuration to enhance the quality and yield of
the carbon black to be produced using such system.
Reference is now invited to the accompanying Figure 3 which schematically illustrates
the high flame temperature reactor(HFTR) system with cooling water jacket provided on
converging cone of combustion zone and the throat section of reactor according to the
present invention.
HFTR essentially comprises of two zones:
(i) Combustion zone(2nd part of the combustion zone)
(ii) Reaction Zone (Throat Section)
As illustrated in the accompanying Figure 3 in the reactor system of the invention, DM
water is circulated through the water jacket provided over the combustion section (part
2) and the throat section of the reactor. The hot water coming out of the water jacket
from the combustion and throat section is injected into shell and tube type heat
exchanger for cooling the same. The cooled water from the heat exchanger is sent back
to the DM tank. The heated water is circulated to the cooling tower and cycle is
completed.
The amount of cooling water (DM) is sufficient enough and is typically of the order of 10-
12 kl/hr and the temperature of the cooling water is 30-42 °C.
With this cooling mechanism the flame temperature is possible to be increased to as high
as 2050-2150°C preferably 2100°C indicating around 15% improvement over the
conventional process using existing high temperature reactors in the combustion
chamber at equivalent air rate of 5700-6000 nm3/nr and the equivalent APH
Temperature of 700-800°C.

It has been found that the Water cooling design of the Combustion zone and the Reaction
Zone plays important role for achieving the desired result of excellent quality in terms of
high tint%, lower sieve residue and excellent yield% of carbon black.
High Flame Temperature Water Cooled Reactor of the invention and operated following
standard operating condition and water circulation provided based on the predetermined
flame temperature achievement. The comparative study of quality improvement have
showed tint% improvement by 6-8% which is significant, decrease in Sieve Residue
drastically by 50-80% or more. This subsequently improved the color of the black. With
this achievement and trial conducted with the grades of N220 and N330, the results are
extendable to high flame temperature for the grades of high surface area and high
structure grade with equivalent magnitude.
Reference is now invited to the accompanying Figure 4 which schematically illustrates
the refractory assembly of the water cooled choke portion of reactor along with cooling
water steel jacket. The refractory is adapted to withstand higher operating temperature
in the range of 2050-2150°C due to excess heat carried away by the circulating water in
contact with the outer shell and thus no damage is done to the refractory or metal shell
and service life of refractory is enhanced in spite of higher flame temperature and heat
input to the reactants.
Reference is now invited to the accompanying Figure 5 that graphically illustrates the
average sieve residue reduction as compared to carbon black product obtained from
conventional reactor configuration. It was observed that after implementation of water
cooled reactor the same showed drastic reduction in sieve residue in terms of grit and a
resultant Tint% improvement of 6-8% approximately could be achieved.
This result helped improving the color of the black. Trials have been conducted with the
grades of N220 and N330 and satisfactory results have been achieved. Accordingly, it is
concluded that the impact of high flame temperature for the grades of high surface area
and high structure grade would also be favorable.
Average yield% of water cooled High flame temperature Reactor found to have increased
by around 0.7-1.5% on the basis of Gas chromatograph for the grades N330 which is

significant. The rubber property study indicates the improvement of abrasive resistance
of carbon black of this grade.
According to an embodiment of the water cooled HFTR of present invention the average
yield percent improvement has been shown in the following Table I and the
corresponding resultant stint percent improvement is shown in the accompanying Table
II.
Table I: Water Cooled Reactor Yield Ratio data


Table II: Water Cooled Reactor Tint data

It is thus possible by way of the present invention to provide for water cooled high flame
temperature reactor adapted to produce carbon black of desired particle size and
distribution with higher yield with lower sieve residue and higher tint% ensuring
improved blackness for desired end application with improved energy efficiency in a cost
effective manner. Moreover, the carbon black of tread black type produced using the
system and method of the invention is further adapted to ensure improved abrasive
resistance to suit application in tire tread moulding. The water cooled high flame
temperature reactor is thus having prospect of wide industrial application for producing
desired quality of carbon black with higher yield and productivity at reasonable cost with
enhanced service life of refractory lining inside the combustion zone of the reactor.

WE CLAIM:
1. High flame temperature reactor (HFTR) for partial and/or pyrolytic conversion of
hydrocarbons comprising:
a combustion zone ;
a reaction zone (throat section) ;
a reactor cooling arrangement comprising water jacket provided over said combustion
zone and the reaction zone(throat section) of the reactor to circulate cooling water and
favouring enhancing the flame temperature of the reactor and also protect the reactor
refractory ;
the exit of the water jacket operatively connected to heat exchanger means for cooling
the water before recirculation into the said jacket.
2. High flame temperature reactor as claimed in claim 1 wherein the water exiting from
the water jacket is injected into a shell and tube type heat exchanger for cooling the
same.
3. High flame temperature reactor as claimed in anyone of claims 1 or 2 wherein the
cooled water from the heat exchanger is fed to a DM tank for further recirculation into
the water jacket.
4. High flame temperature reactor as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 3 wherein said
reactor refractory is selected keeping in view the additional severe operating condition
and thermal stress faced by the refractory in the high flame temperature as high as
2050° C.
5. High flame temperature reactor as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 4 wherein said
reactor cooling arrangement is adapted such that the flame temperature increases to as
high as 2050 to 2150°C preferably 2100 °C in the combustion chamber at equivalent air
rate of 5700-6000 nm3/hr and the equivalent APH Temperature of 700-800°C.

6. High flame temperature reactor as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 5 wherein cooling
of the reactor shell is done by circulating ambient water in a helical manner through the
said combustion zone and said reaction zone (throat section) where the flame
temperature is maximum.
7. High Flame Temperature Reactor as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 6 wherein said
water cooling arrangement is adapted such that the ambient water would allow the
castable layer of the refractory to be cooled thus increasing temperature gradient
between the flame and the reactor shell, favouring increase of flame temperature.
8. High Flame Temperature Reactor as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 7 wherein the
amount of cooling water (DM) is sufficient enough and the temperature of the cooling
water is preferably about 30-42 °C.
9. High Flame Temperature Reactor (HFTR) system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 8
wherein said water cooling arrangement is selectively provided to achieve greater
temperature differential between the refractory surface and the flame thus allowing
further increase of the flame temperature favoring higher conversion of the oil to carbon
black, resulting in higher yields and higher throughput.

10. High Flame Temperature Reactor (HFTR) system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to
9 wherein said water cooling arrangement is adapted to favor quality improvement of
carbon black in terms of reducing sieve residue by 50-80% or more and tint% improved
by 6-8% favoring improved jetness.
11. A process for the manufacture of carbon black using the High Flame Temperature
Reactor (HFTR) system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 10 comprising:
burning a hydrocarbon fluid fuel, natural gas or fuel oil, in a stream of process air
furnished by a blower;
the hot gases produced by the combustion of the fuel flow through said rector ;
injecting a feedstock oil, preferably highly aromatic, as source of carbon into the flowing
hot gases downstream of a point where the combustion of the fuel is complete;

vaporizing the oil feedstock as one step in the carbon black forming process involving
high velocity of the hot gas stream, a high degree of turbulence, high temperature, and
high degree of atomization of the oil;
carrying the feedstock oil vapor by the hot combustion gases with the combustion gases
attaining temperatures of from about 3400°F to about 3800°F by way of operation of the
said cooling arrangement and circulation of the coolant water through the jackets
provided over the combustion section and the throat section;
radiant heat from the refractory, directly transmitted by the hot gases, high shear and
mixing in the hot gases, and combustion of a portion of the oil by residual oxygen in the
combustion products all combining to transfer heat very rapidly to the feedstock oil
vapors thereby cracking the oil feedstock molecules , polymerizing and dehydrogenating,
and progressively becoming larger and less hydrogenated until some reach a state of
nuclei of carbon;
allowing the nuclei to grow in size, such that at some stage there is coalescence of
particles to form cluster-like aggregates;.
quenching the hot gases containing the carbon black to a temperature low enough to
stop or significantly slow the reactions, and to allow the carbon black to be collected by
conventional means.
12. A process for the manufacture of carbon black as claimed in claim 11 wherein the
said cooling arrangement is operated selectively to achieve significant reduction of sieve
residue,narrow particle size and aggregate size distribution and imparting colour
(improved jetness).
13. A process for the manufacture of carbon black as claimed in anyone of claims 11 or
12 wherein DM water is circulated through the water jacket preferably with sufficient
cooling water with temperature of the cooling water at about 30-42deg.C.
14. A process for the manufacture of carbon black as claimed in anyone of claims 11 to
13 wherein the flame temperature is increased to as high as 2050 to 2150 preferably
2100 °C in the combustion chamber at equivalent air rate of 5700-6000 nm3/hr and the
equivalent APH Temperature of 700-800°C.

15. A process for the manufacture of carbon black as claimed in anyone of claims 11 to
14 providing for increased yield in the range of 0.7 to 1.5 % and tint value of 6 to 8 %.
16. High flame temperature reactor (HFTR) for partial and/or pyrolytic conversion of
hydrocarbons and a method of manufacture of carbon black using the same substantially
as hereindescribed and illustrated with reference to the accompanying figures.

A reactor system for the manufacture of carbon black by furnace process with higher
yield by increased heat input and higher flame temperature in the reactor and a method
of its manufacture. More particularly, the present invention relates to manufacture of
carbon black by furnace process economically involving increased flame temperature. The
system and method of the invention for production of Carbon black of the invention is
directed to achieve higher yield by way of attaining higher heat input and increased flame
temperature. The system and method is capable of achieving significant reduction of
Sieve Residue, controlled narrow particle size and aggregate size distribution, imparting
high color (improved jetness) and higher tinting strength as compared to carbon black
produced using conventional high temperature reactor. The reactor system and process
substantially increases the yield% in the range of 0.7-1.5% and productivity by way of
about 13-16% increase in the heat input to the reactor.