Specification
Specification
[Title of the Invention] HOT-ROLLED STEEL SHEET
[Technical Field of the Invention]
[OOO 11
The present invention relates to a hot-rolled steel sheet excellent in
workabilit~:c orrosion resistance after coating, and notch fatigue properties, and
particularly relates to a hot-rolled steel sheet with a high-strength composite structure
excellent in stretch flailgeability, corrosion resistance after coating, and notch fatigue
properlies.
[Background Art]
[OOOZ]
In recent ye- in response to the demand for reduction in weight of various
members for the purpose ofimproving fuel economy of vehicles, reduction in
thickness by increasing strength of a steel sheet such as an iron alloy used for the
members, and application of light metals such as an A1 alloy to the various members
have beell proceeded. Howevei, as compared with heavy metals such as steel, the
light metals such as an A1 alloy have an advantage of high specific strength, but are
extremely expensive. For this reason, the application of ihe light metal such as atliU
alloy is 111nited to special applicat~ons. Accordingly, in order to apply the reduciioil in
the weight of the various members to a cheaper and wider range, it is necessary to
reduce the thickness by increasing the strength of the steel sheet.
[OOO3]
Inil~enth e steel sheet 1s strengthened, the inaterial properties such as
formability (workability) are generally deteriorated. Thus, in the developing of the
high-st~eilgths teel sheet, it is an inlpotta~ipt robleinio achieve the high strength of the
steel sheet without deteriorating the material properties. Particularly, the steel sheet
used as vehicle membei s such as an inner plate men~ber, a structural member, and a
suspension member requires stretch-flange fornlability, burring workability, ductil~ty, I
fatigue durability, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, and the hke depending on
the application, and it is imporlait to realize both of these material propert~esa nd the
strength.
[0004]
For example, among the vehicle members, the steel sheets used for the
structural memba, the suspension inember, and the like, which account for about 20%
of the vehicle body weight are press-formed mainly based on stretch flange processing
l
and bumng processing after performing blanking and drilling by shearing or punching.
For this reason, excellent &etch flangeability is required ibr such steel sheets.
[OOOS]
i'i'itll respect to the above-described problem, for example, Patent Document 1
discloses a hot-rolled steel sheet in which a martensite fraction, a size, a number
density, and an average martensite gap are specified, and elongation (ductility) and
hole expansion are excellent. Patent Document 2 discloses a hot-rolled steel sheet
wluch is obtained by limitingthe average grain size of ferrite and a second phase and a
carbon concentration of the second phase, and is excellent in burring worlcability.
Patent Document 3 discloses a hot-rolled steel sheet whrch is obtained by winding at a
10-7 temperature after being kept at a temperature in a range of 750°C to 600°C fot 2 to
15 seconds, and is excellent in workability, surface quality, and flatness.
[0006]
IIowevei, in Patent Document 1, since a prima!?, cooling rate should be set to
be equal lo or higher than 5O0C/s after completingthe hot rolling. the load app!~cd on
an apparatus increases. In addition, in a case of setting the primary cooliilg rate to be
equal to or higher than 5O0C/s, there is a problem in that unevenness in materials 1s
caused by unevenness ill the cooluig rate.
[0007]
In addtion, as described above, m recent years, the demand for the
application ofthe high-strength steel sheet to the vehicle members have beenrequired.
In a case where the high-strength steel sheet is press-formed by cbld warking, craclis
likely to occur at an edge of a portion which is subjected to the stretch flange fonning
during the forming process. The reason for this is that work hardening occurs only on
ail edge portion due to the strain which is iiltroduced lo a punched end surface ai the
time of blanking. In tlie related art, as a method of evaluating a test of fhe stretch
flangeability, a hole expansion lest has bemused. However, in the 1ioSe expansion
test, breaking occurs without the strains in the circumferential direction are hardly
distributed; however, in the actual process of components, strain distribution is present,
and thus a gradient of the strain aid the stress in the viciility ofthe broken portion
aEects a breaking linit. Accordingly, regarding the high-strength steel sheet, even if
the sufficient stretch flangeability is exhibited in the hole expansion test, in a case of
performing cold pressing the breaking may occur due to the strain distribution.
[OOOS]
The techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose that in all of the
inventions, tile hole expansion is improved by specifying only the structures observed
using an optical microscope. I-Iou~everi,t is not clear whether or not sufficieilt stretch
flangeabll~tyc an be secured even in consideration of the strain distribution.
[OO09]
111 the vehicle members, in a case where the steel sheet is used foi coinponeuts
having a poition with large stress concentration such as a drilling portion, among
important safety components such as a wheel and a suspension, it requires notch
fatigue properties in addition to the above-described streicli flangeability. Further, the
strength and the notch fatigue properties of the coinponent are deteriorated when the
sheet thickness is reduced due to the corrosion, and thus the steel used for the
colnponents as described above also requires corrosion resistance (corrosion resistance
after coating) aRer chemical conversion and electrodeposition coating.
[OOlO]
Regarding the in~provemenot f the notch fatigue properties, it has been
reported that it is effective to set the structure to a composite stmcture having a ferrite
and a secondary hard phase for reduction in crack propagation speed. For example,
Patent Document 4 discloses a steel sheet in which the fdgue properties of materials
without notches and the notch fatigue properties are realized by dispessing hard bainite
or martensite in the structure havn~gfi ne ferrite as a primary phase. However, in
Patent Document 4, the stretch flangeability is not disclosed at all.
[ O O l l ]
In addition, in Patent Docuinents 5 and 6, it has been reported that the crack
propagation speed can be reduced by increasing the aspect ratio of marte~~siitne t he
composiie structure. However, the targets for the above-described ones are steel plate,
and thus do not have the excellent stretch flangeability required at the time of press
forming of steel sheets. For this reason, it is hard to use the steel sheet disclosed in
Patent Docun~ents5 and 6 as a steel sheet for vehicles.
In addiiion, in Patent Documents 4,5, and 6, in order to form a conlposite
structure of ferrite and nlartensae, Si 1s added for the puipose of prompting fenitic
transfotl~aiionin many cases Iiowever, the steel sheet containing Si had a problem
in that atiger stripe shaped scale pattern called red scale (Si scale) was generated on
the surface of the steel sheei, and the corrosion resistance after coating was
deteriorated.
As described above, it is difficult to obtain a steel sheet satisfjiing all ofthe
stretch flangeability, the notch fatigue properties, and the corrosion sesistance after
coating which are required for vehicle members.
[Prior Art Document]
[Patent Docunient]
[OO 121
[Patent Document 11 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First
Publicatioil No. 2013-19048
[Patent Document 21 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First
Fublicatiou No. 2001-303 186
[Patent Document 31 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First
Publication No. 2005-213566
[Patent Document 41 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First
Publication No. H04-337026
[Patent Document 51 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application, First
Publication No. 2005-320619
[Patent Document 61 Japanese Unexainined Palenl Appllcatioi~F irst
Publlcat~onN o. 1307-90478
[Disclosurc ofthe Invention]
[Prohlenls to be Solved by the Inve~ltion]
[0013]
'Tile present invention has been n~adein considetation of the above desc~~bed
circumstance.
An object of the present invention is to provide a high-strength hot-rolled steel
sheet which is excellent in the corrosion resistance a h coating and can be applied to
a member that requires stt~cstt retch flangeabiiity and notch fatigue properties. 111 the
pi esent invention, the stretch flangeability means a value evaluated by a product of
maximum forming height H (mm) of the flange and tensile strength (MPa) obtained as
aresult of the test by the saddle type stretch flange test method, which is an index of
the stretch flangeability in consideration of the strain distribution, and the excellent
stretch flangeability means that the product ofthe maximum forming height H (111111)
and the tensile strength (MPa) is equal to or greater than 19500 (mm-MPa).
Furlher, the excellent notch fatigue properties means that a ratio FL/TS of
notch fatigue limit FL (MPa) to tensile strength TS (&$Pa), which is obtained by a
notch fatigue test is equal to or greater than 0.25. In addition, the high &enb& means
that the tensile strength is equal to or greater than 540 MPa. Furlher, the excellent
corrosion resislance after coating means that the maxitllum exfoliation width wluch is
an index of the corrosion resistance after coating is equal to or less than 4.0 mm.
In addition, in the related it has been known that as the stretch
flangeability is improved, the ductility is deteriorated. However, the hot-rolled steel
sheet of the present invention has the stretch flangeability iinproved, and can sailsfy
the expression TS x EL2 13500 MPa . %, wl~iclis typical minimum ductility required
for the vehicle members.
[Means for Solving Ihe Roblei~l]
[0014]
According to the related artut?h,e improvement of the stretch flangeability @ole
expansion) has been performed by u~clusionc ontrol, hotnogellization of structure,
unification of structure, andlor reduction in hardness difference between structures, as
disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3 In other words, in the related art, hole
expansion or the like has been improved by controlling the structure which can be
observed using an optical inicroscope
[0015]
In this regard, the present inventors made an intensive study by focusing an
intragranulai orientalion difference in grains in consideration that the stretch
flangeability under the presence of the strain distribution cannot be improved even by
controlling only the structure observed using an optical microscope. As a result, it
was found that it is possible to greatly improve the stretch flangeability by controlling
the ratio of the grains in \vhich the intragranular orientation difference is in a range of
5" to 14' with respect to the entire grains10 be within a c&n range.
[0016]
Thc present invention is configured onthe basis ofthe above findings, and the
gists thereof are as follows.
[0017]
(I) Ahot-rolled steel sheet according to one aspect of the present invention
includes as a chemical conlposition, by mass%, C: 0.020%to 0.070%, Mn: 0.60%to
2.00%, Al: 0.10% to 1.00%, Ti: 0.015%to 0.170%, Nb: 0 005%lo 0.050%, Cr: 0% to
1.0%, TI. 0% to 0.3009'0, en: 0%to 2.00%, Ni. O%to 2.00%, Mo: O%to 1.00%, Mg:
O%to 0.0100%, Ca: 0% to 0.0100n/o, WM: 0% to 0.1000%, B: 0% to 0.0100%, Si
Limited to equal to or less than 0.100%, P: limited to equal to or less than 0.050%, S:
limited to equal to or less than 0.005%, and N: limited Lo equal lo or less than 0 0060%,
with the innainder of Fe and 1mp:unties; and in which a &ructure includes, by an area
ratio, ferrite and baiilite in a range of 80% to 98% in total and nlartensite in a range or
2% to lo%, and in which in the structure, in a case where a boundary having an
orientation difference of equal to or greater than 15" is defined as a grain boundary,
and an area which is surrounded by tlie grain boundary, and has an equivalent circle
diameter of equal to or greater than 0.3 pm is defined as a gram, the ratlo of the grains
having an mtragranular orientation difference in a range of 5" to 14O is, by the area
ratio, in a range of 10% to 60%.
[OOlS]
(2) In the hot-rolled steel sheet described in the above (I), the chemical
composition may co~ltainb, y mass% one or two or more of V: 0.010% to 0.300%, Cu:
0.01% to 1.20%, Ni: 0.01% to 0.600/, and Mo: 0.01% to 1.00%.
100 191
(3) In the hot-rolled steel she& described in the beove (1) or (2), the chernicd
composition may contain, by mass%, one or two or more of Mg: 0.0005%to 0.0100%
Ca: 0.0005%to 0.0100%, and REM. 0.0005%to 0.1000%.
[0020]
(4) In the hot-rolled steel sheet described in any one of the above (1)io (3),
the chemical composition may co~ltaiibl y mass%, B: 0.0002%to 0.0020%.
[0021]
(5) In tlie hot-rolled steel slleet described in any one of the above (1) to j4), a
tensile strengtll may be equal to or gseater U~an 540 MPa, and a product ofthe tensile
strength and a max~inum forming height in a saddle type stretch flange test may be
equal to or seater than 19500 nnmMPa.
[Effects of the Invention]
[0022]
Accord~ngto the above-described aspects of the piesent invention, it is
possible to provide a high-strengih hot-rolled steel sheet which has high strength, call
be applied to a member that requires strict stretch flangeability, and is excellent in the
stretch flangeability, the notch fatigue properties, and the corrosion resistance after
coatmg.
[Brief Description of the Drawings]
[0023]
FIG 1 is an analysis result obtained by EBSD at ti4 portion (a 114 thickness
position &oin the surface in the sheet thickness direction) of a hot-rolled steel sheet
according to the present embodiment.
FIG 2 is a diagram showing a shape of a saddle-shaped formedproduct which
is used in a saddle type stretch flange test method.
FIG 3 is a diagram showing a sbape of fatigue test piece used for evduaiing
the notch fatigue properties.
[Embodiments ofthe Invention]
[a0241
Hereinafter, a hot-rolled stezl sheet (hereinafter, refirred to as a hot-rolled
steel sheet according to the present embodiment in some case) of the embodinlent of
the present invention will be described in detail.
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment includes, as a
chemical composition, by mass%, C: 0.020% to 0.070%, Mn. 0.60% to 2.0096, A:
0.10% to 1.00°/4. Ti: 0.015%to 0.170%, Nb: 0.005%to 0.050%, and optionally one or
more of Cr. equal to or less than 1.0°4, Tr equal to or less than 0.300%, Cu: equal to or
less than 2.00°h, NNi: equal lo or less tllan 2.00%, Mo: equal lo 01 less than 1.00%. Me:
equal to 01 less than 0100% Ca. eqnal to or less than 0.0100%, REM. equal to or less
than 0.1000%, B. equal to or less than 0.0100%, Si: limited To equal lo or less than
0.1000/4. P: limited to equal to or less than 0.050%, S: limited to equal to or less than
0.005%, and N: lnnited to equal to or less than 0.0060%, with the remainder of Fe and
impurities; and a structure which includes, by area rxtio, ferrite and baiiute in a range
of 80% to 98% in total andmartensite in a range of 2% to 10940, andin the structure, in
a case where a boundary having an orientation difference of equal to or greater than
15" is defined as a grain boundary, and an area \vhich is surrounded by the grain
boundary, and has an equivalent circle dianieter of equal to or greater than 0.3 pm is
defmed as a grain, the ratio of the grains having an intragranular orientation difference
in a range of 5" to 14" is, by area ratio, in a range of 10% to 60%.
[(I0251
Firsf the reason for limiting Ule chemical composition of the hut-rolled steel
sheat according to the preseut embodiment will be described The amount (%) ofthe
respective elements is based on mass%.
[0026]
C: 0.020% to 0.070%
C is an element wwhich forms a precipitate in the stezl sheet by being bonded
to Nb, Ti, and the lilce, and contributes to improvement of the stlength of steel by
precipitation strengthening. Further, C greatly affects the generation of martensite.
For this reason, the lower limit of the C content is set to 0.020% The lower limit of
the C content is preferably 0.02596, and the lower limit of the C content is further
preferably 0.030%. On the other hand, when the C content 1s greater than 0.070%,
the stretch flangeability and the weldability are deteriorated Thus, the upper limit of
the C content is set to 0.070%. The upper limit of the C content is preferably 00.0650/o,
and the upper linxit ofthe C content is pieferably 0.060%.
[00i7]
Si: equal to or less than 0.100%
Si is an element which decreases a melting point of a scale, and increases
adhesion between the scale and a base steel base metal ease inaterial). When the Si
content is increased, a scale pattern occurs and chemical convertibility is deteriorated,
which causes the corrosion resistance aRer coating to be deteriorated. For .this reason,
the Si content is required to be limited. When the Si content is greater than 0.100%,
the corrosion resistance aRer coating is remarkably deteriorated. Thus, the Si content
is liinited to be equal to or less than 0.100%. The upper liinit of the Si content is
preferably 0.050%, and the upper limit of the Si content is further preferably 0.040%.
The Si content may be 0%.
[OOZS]
k h 0.60% to 2.00%
Mn is an element which contributes to the improvement of the strengt11 of
steel by the solid solution strengthening andor improving the hardenability of the steel.
In order to obtain the aforementioned effect, the lower limit of the Mn content is setto
0.60%. The lower limit of the Mn ont tent is preferably 0.70%, and the lower limit of
the Mn content is hrther preferably 0.80%. On the other hand, when the Mn content
is greater than 2.00%, the sketch flangeability is deteriorated. For t l ~rsea son, the
upper limit of the Mn content is set 2.00°4. The upper limit ofthe Mn content is
preferably 1 5096, and is further preferably the upper limit of the Mn content is 1.20%.
[0029]
Al. 0 lO%to 1.00%
Al is an effective element as a deoxid~zinga gent of molten steel In addition,
in the hot-lolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment, A1 is an elemeut
having an eEat of controlling the ratio of the grains having the intragranular
orientation diiret ence in arange of 5" to 14" to be in a range of 10% .to 60%. It is
considered that the aforementioned effect is related to the fact that Al has an effect of
greatly increasing a temperature Ar3 of the steel sheet, and thus when Al is contained
the transformation strain introduced in the grain is decreased In order to obtaln such
effects, the lower limit of the Al content is set to 0.10%. The lower limit of the Al
content is preferably 0.1396, and the lower limit of the A1 content is fixther preferably
0.15%. On the other hand, the Al content is greater than 1.00%, the toughness and
the ductility are remarkably deteriorated, and thus breaking may occur during the
rolling. For this reason, the upper limit of the A1 content is set to 1.00%. The upper
limit of the Al content is preferably 0.50% and the upper limit ofthe A1 content is
further preferably 0.40%.
[0030]
Ti: O.O15%to 0.170%
Ti is an element which is finely precipitated m the steel as carbide and
improves the strength of steel by precipitat~oils trengthening. In addition, Ti is an
element for fonning carbide (Tic) so as to fix C, and limit the generation of cementite
which is harmful to the stretch flangeability. In order to obtain the above-described
effects, the lower limit of the Ti content is set to 0.015%. The lower limit ofthe Ti
content is p~eferably0 .020%, and the lower limit of the Ti content is further preferably
0.025%. On the other hand when the Ti content is greater than 0.170%, the ductil~ty
is deteriorated. For this reason, the lipper liin~ot f the Ti content is set to 0.170%.
The upper lnnit of the Ti content is prefe~ably0 .150%, and the upper limit of the Ti
content is Eurlher preferably 0.130%.
[003 11
Nb. 0 005% to 0 050%
Nb is an element which is finely precipitated in the steel as carbide and
improves the strength of steel by precipitation strengthening. In addition, Nb is an
element for forming carbide (NbC) so as to fix C, and liinit the generation of cementite
which is harmful to the stretch flangeability. In order to obtain the above-described
effects, the lower limit of the Nb content is set to 0.005%. The lower limd of the Nb
content is preferably 0.010%, and the lo\ver limit ofthe Nb content is fiwiher
preferably 0.015%. On the other hand, wh&tlie Nb content is greater than 0.050%,
the ductility is deteriorated. For this reason, the upper limit of the Nb content is set to
0.050%. The upper limit of the Nb content is preferably 0.040%, and the upper liinit
offhe Nb content is further preferably 0.030%.
[0032]
P: equal to or less than 0.050%
Pis an impurity. P causes the toughness, the workability, and the weldability
to be deteriorated, and thus the less the content, the better. However, in a case where
fl~eP content is greater than 0.050%, the stretch flangeability is remarkably
deteriorated, and thus the P content inay be limited to be equalto or less than 0.050%.
The P content is further preferably equal to or less than 0.030%. Although, there is
no need to particularly determine the lowcr limit of the P content, excessive reduction
of the P conteut is undesirable fromthe viewpoint of manufacturitlg cost, and thus the
lower liinit ofthe P content may be equal to or greater than 0.005%.
100331
S: equal to or less than 0.005"b
S is an element which is not only causes cracks at the time of hot rolling, but
also fonns an Atype inclusion \"r'l11~1i1n al~etsh e st~etclfil angcabillty deteriorated. For
this reason, the less the S content. the better. However, when the S content is greatc;
than 0.005%, the stretch flangeability is remarkably deteriorated, and thus the upper
limit of the S content may be limited to be 0.005%. The S content is fu&er
preferably equal to or less than 0.003%. Althougk there is no need to particularly
determine the lower limit of the S content, excessive reduction of the S content is
undesirable &om the viewpoint of manufacturing cod, and thus the lower limit of S
content may be equal to or greater thal0.001%.
[0034]
N: equal to or less than 0.0060%
N is an element which fosms a precipitate with Ti, Nb in preferenceto C, and
decreases Ti and Nb effective for fixing C. For this reasoiL the less the N content, the
better. However, in a case where the N content is greater than 0.0060%, the stretch
flangeability is remarkably deleride4 and thus the upper limit ofthe N content is
limited to be 0.0060%. The N content is further preferably equal to or less than
0.0050%.
[0035]
The above-described elements are base elemenls contained in the hot-rolled
steel sheet according to the present embodiment, and a chenlical composition which
contains such base elements, with the remainder of Fe and impurities is a base
coil~positiono f the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present eillbodiment.
However, in addition to the base elements (instead of a portion of Fe of the remainder),
the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment fu~therc ontains, if
necessaiy, one 01 illore selected fronxthe chemical compositio:l of Cr, I< Cu, Ni, Mo,
Mg, Ca, REM, and B (selective elements) within a range described beloxv. It is not
necessary to contain the following el-ments, and thus the lol?r?r limit of the content is
0%. Even lien such selectlye elenlents are unavoidably co~ltaininatedi n the steel,
the effect in the present embodiment is not impaired.
Here, the impurities are elements contaminated in the steel, which are caused
G-omraw materials such as ore and scrap at the time of industrially manufacturing the
alloy, or caused by various factors in the inanufacturn~gp rocess, and are in a11
allowable range which does not adversely affect the properties of the hot-rolled steel
sheet according to the present embodiment.
[0036]
Cr: 0 to 1.0%
Cr is an element which contributes to improvement of the strength of the steel
sheet. In a case of obtaining such an effect, the Cr content is preferably equal to or
greater than 0.05%. On the other hand, when the Cr content is greater than 1.0%, the
effect is satmated and the economic eEciency is deteriomted Accor&x?y, even in a
case of containing Cr, the upper limit ofthe Cr content is preferably 1.0%.
[0037]
V: 0% to 0.300%
V is an element which improves the strength ofthe steel sheet by the
precipitation strengthening or solld solution strengthening. In a case of obtaining
such an effect, the V content is preferably equal to or greater than 0.010%. On the
other hand, when the V content is greater than 0.300%, the effect is saturated and the
economic efilcieilcy is deteriorated. Accordingly, even in the case of containing V,
the upper limit of the V content is preferably set to 0.300%.
[0038]
Cu: 0% to 2.00%
Cu is an element which inlproves the strength of the .tee1 sheet by the
precipitatioil ctiengtl~eningo r the solid solution strengtl~ening. In a case of obtailliilg
such an effect, the Cu coilteilt is preferably equal to or greater than 0.01%. On the
other hand, when the Cu coiltent is greater than 2.00%, the effect is saturated and the
economic eEciency is deteriorated. Accordingly, even in a case of containing Cy
the upper limit of the Cu content is preferably set to 2.00%. Ho\vever, when the Cu
content is greater than 1.20% defects due to the scale may occur on the suiface of the
steel sheet. Accordingly, the upper limit of the Cu content is preferably set to 1.20%.
[0039]
Ni: 0% to 2.00%
Ni is an element which improves the strength of the steel sheet by the
precipitation strengthening or the solid solution strengthening. In a case of obtaining
such an effect, the Ni content is preferably equal to or greater t11ai 0.01% On the
other hand, when the Ni content is greaier than 2.00%, the effect is satusaled atld the
economic efficiency is deteriorated 111 addition the ductility is also greatly
deteriorated. Accordingly, even in the case of containing Ni, ihe upper limit of the Ni
content is preferably set to 2.00%. When the Ni content is greater than 0 60%, the
ductility starts to be deteriorated, and thus the upper liinit ofthe Ni content is
preferably set to 0.60%.
[0040]
Mo: 09,oto 1.00%
Mo is ail element which improves the strength of the steel sheet by the
precipitation st~'l@l~eningo r the solid solution strengthening. In a case of obtaiiiing
such an effect, the Mo content is preferably equal to or greatci- than 0.01%. On the
other hand, wheil the Mo content is gseafet than 1.00%, the effect is saturated and the
economic efficiency is deteriorated. kccordingly, even in the case of containing Mo.
the upper lilnit ~f ithe Mo content is preferably set to 1 00%
[0041]
Mg: 0% to 0.0100%
Mg is ail element which improves the workability ofthe steel sheet by
controlling the form of nonmetallic inclusions that become the starting point of
breaking and causes deterioraiioil of the workability. In a case of obtaining such an
effect, the Mg content is preferably equal to or greater than 0.0005%. On the other
hand, when the Mg content is greater than 0.0 loo%, the effect is saturated and the
economic efficiency is deteriorated. Accordinglj: even in the case of containing M&
the upper limit of the Mg content is preferably setto 0.0100%.
[0042]
Ca: 0% to 0.0100%
Ca is an element which improves the workability ofthe steel sheet by
controlling the form of nonmetallic inclusions that become the starling point of
breaking and causes deterioration of the workability. In a case of obtaining such a1
effect, the Ca content is equal to or greater than 0.0005%. On the other land when
the Ca content is greater than 0.0100%, the effect is saturated and the economic
efficiency is deteriorated. Accordingly, even in the case of containing Ca, the upper
limit of the Ca content is preferably set to 0.0100%.
[0043]
E M : 0% to 0.1000%
E M (lare earth element) is an clcinent which impro~resth e workability of the
steel sheet by controlling the form of noilnielallic inclusions that become the starting
point of brealculg and causes deterioration of the workability. I11 a case of obtaining
such an effect. the REM content is preferably equal to or greater than 0.0005% On
the other hand, when the REM coi~lei~s ~set ater than 0.1000%, the effect is saturated
and the econonlic efficiency is deteriorated Accordingly, even in a case of
containing REM, the upper liillit of the REM content is preferably set to 0.1000%.
[0044]
B: O%to 0.0100%
B is an element which is segregated in the grain boundaay and improves
toughness at a low temperature by enhancing the strength ofthe gr2in boundary. In a
case of obtaining such an effect. the B content is preferably equal to or greater than
0.0002%. On tlie other hand, when the B content is greaier than 0.0100%, the effect
is saturated and the economic efficiency is deteriorated. Accordingly, even in the
case of containing 3, the upper limit of the B content is preferably set to 0.0 100%. In
addition, B is an element for strongly improving the hardenability, and when the B
content is greater than 0.00200/4 the gain ratio havkg the infragranular orientdon
difference in a range of 5%to 14" is greater than 60% by area ratio. Accordingly, the
upper limit of the B content is preferably set to 0.0020%.
[0045]
The above-described elements may be contained in the range which does not
impair the effect in the present embodiment. For example, the present inventors have
confirmed that Sn, Zr, Co, Zn, and W do not impair the effect in the present
embodiment eve11 when those are contained by equal to or less than 1% in total.
Among those elements, Sn is preferably equal to or less than 0.05% from the aspect
that defects may occur at the time of the hot rolling.
[0046]
Next, ille structure (metallograpl~ics tmcture) of the hot-rolled steel sheet
according to the present embodiment nlill be described.
It is necessary that the hot-rolled steel sheet accotding to ilie present
embod~ineiltc ontain, by area ratio, ferrite and bainite in a range of 80% to 98% in total,
and martensite in a range of 2% to lo%, in the struciure observed using an optical
microscope. With such a structure, it is possible to improve the strength and the
stretch flangeability in well balance. When the total amount of the ferrite aud the
bainite is less than 80% by area ratio, the balance between the strength and the stretch
flangeability is deteriorated, and thus H x TS which is a product of maximumforming
height N (mm) and tensile strengthTS (MPa) is 19500 mmMPa. In addition, when
the total area ratio ofthe ferrite and the bainite is greater than 98%, or the area ratio of
the martensite is less than 2%, the notch fatigue properties are deteriorated, and thus
the relationship expressed by FWTS 2 0.25 cannot be satisfied Further, when the
area ratio of martensite is greater than lo%, the stretch flangeability is deteriorated.
Although eaeh of the fmclion (fhe area d o ) of the f&te and the bainite is not
necessarily limited, when the hetion of the bainite is greater than 80%, the ductility
may be deteriorated, and thus the fraction of the bainite is preferably equal to or less
than SO%, and is further preferably less than 70%.
The structure of the remainder other than ferrite, bainite, and martensite is not
particularly limited, and for example, it may be residual austenite, pearlite, or the like
However, the ratio of the remainder is preferably equal to or less than 10% by area
ratio in order to limit the deterioration of the stretch flangeability.
[0047]
The structure fraction (the area idio) can be obiailled using the followi~lg
method. F~rsta, sample collected from the hot-rolled steel sheet is etched using nital.
Mer etching, a sluuctxre photograph obtained at a 114 thickness positloll in a visual
field of 300 pix x 300 pnl using an optical microscope is subjccied to image analysis,
and thereby the area ratio of fernte and pear-lrle, atid ihe total area ratio of bainite and
martensite are obtained. Then, with a sample etched by LePera solution, the structure
photograph obtained at a 114 thickness position in the visual field of300 pm x 300 pm
is subjected to the image analysis using the optical microscope, and thereby the total
area ratio ofresidual austenite and martensite is calculated.
Further, with a sample obtained by grinding the surface to a depth of 114
thickness fi-om in normal direction bf the rolled surface, the volume fraction of the
residual austenite is obtained through X-ray diffraction measurement. The volunle
fraction of the residual austenite is equivalent to the area ratio, and thus is set as the
area ratio of the residual austenite.
Wifh such a method, it is possible to obtain the area ratio of each of femte,
bainite, martensite, residual austenite, and pearlite.
I00481
In the hot-rolled steel sheet accordingto the present embodiment, it is
necessary to further control the structure observed using the optical microscope to be
within the above-described range, and to control the ratio of the grains having the
intragranular oiicntation difference ilia range of 5" to 14Q, obtained using an EBSD
method (electron beam back scattering diffraction pattern analysis method) frequently
used for the crystal orientation analysis. Specifically, in a case where the grain
boundary is defined as a boundary liaving the orientation difference of equalio or
higher than 15", and an area which is surrounded by the grain boundary, and has an
equivalent circle diameter of equal to or greatel than 0.3 p is defined as a grain, the
ratio of the grains having the intragranular oiientation difference in a range of 5" to 14O
is set to be in a iaiige of 10% to 60% by aiea ratio, with respect to the entire grains.
The gains having the above illtragranular orientation difference are effective
to obtain a steel sheet which has the strenglh and ihe workabilit~ in the excellent
balance, atldlhus when the ratio is controlled, it is possible to greatly improve ihe
stretch flangeability while mainta~ninga n intended steel sheet strength. When the
ratio of the grains l~avingth e intragranular orienlation difference iu a range of 5 O to 14"
is less than 10% by area ratio, the stretch flangeability is deteriorated. In addition,
when the ratio ofthe grains having the intragranular orientation d~fferencein a range of
5' to 14' is greater than 60% by area ratio, the ductility is deteriorated.
It is considered that the intragranular orientation difference is related to a
dislocation density contained in the grains. Typically, the increase in the intragranular
dislocation density causes the workability to be deteriorated while bringing about the
improvement of the strength. However, in the grain in whichthe intragranular
orientation difference is controlled to be in a range of 5" to 14O, it is possible to
improve the strength withoa deterioraiingthe workability. For this reason, in ihe
hot-rolled steel sheet according to ihe present embodiment, the ratio ofthe gains
having the intragranulas orientation difference in a range of 5" to 14" is controlled to
be in a range of 10% to 60%. The grains having the intragranular orientation
difference of less than 5O are excellent in the workability, but are hard to be highly
strengthened, and the grains having the intragranular orientation diirerence of greater
than 14" are different in deformability from each other, and thus do not contribute to
the improvement of the stretch flangeability.
[0049]
The ratio ofthe grains having the l~ltragranularo rientation difference in a
range of 5" to 1 3 O can be measured by t11e following metl~od.
First, regarding a vertical section of a position of depth of 1/4 (U4 portion)
thickness t from ~ulfaceo fthe steel sheet in a rolling direction, an area of 200 pm in
Ihe rolling dnectiim, and 100 pm in the normal direction of the lolled surface is
subjected to EBSD analysis at a measurement gap of 0 2 pm so as to obtain nystal
orientation infomat~on. Here, the EBSD analysis is performed using an apparatus
which is configured to include a thermal field emission scanning electron microscope
(JSM-700lF, manufactured by JEOL) and an EBSD detector (HIKARI detector
manufactured by TSL), at an ailalysis speed in arange of200 to 300 points per second.
Then, with respect to the obtained crystal orientation information, an area having the
orientation difference of equal to or greater than 15" and an equivaient circle diameter
of equal to or greater than 0.3 pnl is defined as grain, an average intragranulax
orientation diierence of the grains is calculated, and the ratio of the grains having the
intragranular orientation difference in a range of 5" to 14' is obtained. The grain and
the average intragranular orientation difference defined as described above can be
calcnlatedusing software "OiMAaa1ysis (trademarky' -bed to an EBSD analyzer.
The "intragranu1ar orientation difference" of the present invention means
"Grain Orientation Spread (GOS)" which is an orientation dispersion in the grains, and
the value thereof is obtained as an average value of reference crystal orientations and
misorientaiions ofall ofthe measurement points within the same grain as disclosed in
Nan-Patent Document 1. In the present embodiment, the reference crystal orientation
is an orientation obtained by averaging all of the measurement pokts in the same grain,
a value of GOS can be calculated using "OIM Analysis (trademark) Version 7.0.1"
which is soRware attached to the EBSD analyzer.
[0050]
FIG 1 1s an EBSD analysis result of an area of 100 pm x 100 pm on the
vertical section tn the rolling direction, aihicl~is 114 portion of the hot-rolled steel sheet
accolding lo the piesent embodiment In FIG 1, an area which is surrounded by the
grain boundary having the orientatioil diffaence of equal lo or @eater than IS0, and
has the iiltragranular orientation difference in a range of 5" to 14' is shown in black.
[0051]
Inthe present embodiment, the stretch flangeability is evaluated using ihe
saddle type stretch flange test method in which the saddle-shaped formed product is
used. Specifically, the saddle-shaped formed product simulating the stretch flange
shape fornled of a linear portion and an arc portion as shown in FIG 2 is pressed, and
the stretch flangeability is evaluated by a maximum forilliiy height at this time In
the saddle type stretch flange test of the present embodinlent, the maximum fonning
height 1-1 (min) when the clearance at the time of punching a corner portion is set to
11% is measured using the saddle-type fmned product in which a radius of curvature
R of a corner is set to be in a range of 50 to 60 mm, and an opening angle 6 is set to
120". Here, the clearance indicates the raiio of a gap between a punching die and a
punclk and the thickness ofthe test piece. Actually, the clearance is determined by
combination of a punching tool and the sheet thickness, and thus the value of 11%
means that clearalce satisfies arange of 10.5% to 11.5%. The existence of the cracks
having a length of 1/3 ofthe sheet thickness are visually observed after forming, and
then a forming height of the limit in which the ctaclts are not present is determined as
the maximum forming height.
[0052]
In a hole expansion test which is used as a test method corresponding to the
stretch flange formability in the related arf the breaking occurs without strains are
~llostlyd istributed in the circumfereiltial direction, and thus the stsalil and the gradient
of stress in the vicinity of the broken portion during hole expansion test are different
from that ill the case of actually forming the stretch flange In addition in the hole
cxpansioil test, the evaluation does ilot reflect the oiigi~iasl tretch flange foriliing, since,
for example, the evaluation is performed when the rupture of the thickness penetration
occurred. On the other hand, in the saddle type stretch flange test used in the present
embodiil~en
Mer hot rolling, the hot-rolled steel sheet is cooled. In the cooling process,
it is preferable that the hot-rolled steel sheet after completingthe hot ~ollingis cooled
(first cooling) downto a temperature range in a range of 650°C to 750°C at a cooling
rate of equal to or greater than 1O0C/s, and the hot-rolled steel sheet is held for 3 to 10
seconds in the temperature range, and thereafter, the hot-rolled steel sheet is cooled
(second cooling) down to 100°C ata cooling rate of equal to or greater than 3O0Cis.
When the cooling rate in tile %st cooling is lower than 1QoC/st, he
transformation occurs in the para-equilibrium state at a teinperature higher that1 a
preferable te-mperatsre range, and &m the d o ofthe grains having the intragranular
orientation dEerence in a range of 5" to 1 4 O becomes less than lo%, which is not
preferable. In addition, when a cooling stopping temperature in the first cooling is
lower than 65OoC, the transformation occurs in the para-equilibrium slate at a
teinperature lower than a preferable temperature range, and thus the ratio of the grains
having the intragranular orientation difference in a range of 5" to 14' becomes less
than lo%, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the cooling stopping
teinperature in the first cooling is liigl~etrh an 750°C, the transforn~at~oonc curs in the
para-equilibrium state at a temperature higher than a preferable tenlperature range, and
Ihus the ratio of the grains having the intragr,~nularo rlentation diffe~en ce en a range of
5" to 14' becomes less than lo%, which is 1101 preferable. In addition, even when a
holding time is shorter than 3 seconds at a temperature range of 650°C to 750°C, the
ratio ofthe granls having the intragranular orientatiou difference iil a range of 5" to 14'
becoilles less than lo%, which is not prefeiahle. When the holding time at a
temperature range of 650°C to 750°C is longer than 10 seconds, cementite h a d 1 to
the stretch flangeability is likely to occur, which is not preferable. In addition, when
the cooling rate of the second cooling is lower than 30°C/s, cementite harmful to the
stsetch flangeability is likely to occur, which is not preferable. In add~iionw, henthe
cooling stopping temperature of the second cooling is higher than 10O0C, the
martensite fraction is less than 2%, wluch is not preferable.
Altliough the upper liinit of the coolmg rate in the first cooling and the second
cooling is not necessarily limited, the cooling rate may be set to be equal to or lower
than 200°C/s in consideration ofthe equipment capacity of the cooling facility.
[0060]
Accordingto the above-described manufacturing method, it is possible to
obtain a sirudure which includes, by area Mia. fenite and bainite in a range of 80%io
98% in to% and mastensite in a range of2% to 10%, and in which the ratio ofthe
grains having an intragranular orientation difference in a range of 5" to 14' is, by area
ratio, in a range of 10% to 60%, when a boundary having an orientation difference of
equal to or greater than 15O is defined as a gain boundary, and an area urhich is
surrounded by the grain boundary and has an equivalent circle diameter of equal to or
greater than 0.3 pm is defined as a grain.
In the aforemeiltioned manufactusing method, it is important that processed
dislocations are introduced into austenite by controlling the hot rolling conditions, and
then the processed dislocations introduced by controlling the cooling conditions
appropriately remain That is, ihe hot rollillg conditions and the cooling conditions
each have an influence, it is important to control these co~lditionsa t the same time. A
known method ma) be used for conditioils other U1an the above-described ones, and
there is no particulal limilat~on.
In addition, there is no problem even if a heat treatment is performed as long
as the area ratio of the above-n~entioaeds tructure can be kept.
[Examples]
[0061]
He1 einaRer, the present invention will be described more specifically with
reference to examples ofthe hot-rolled steel sheet ofthe present invention; however,
tile present invenfion is not limited to Example described below, and call be
implemented by being properly modified the extent that it can satisfy the object before
and after description, which are all included in the technical rage of the present
invention.
[0062]
In the present examples, firsf the steel having the composition shown in the
following Table 1 was melted so as to produce a slab, the slab was heated, and was
subjected to hot and rough rolling, and subsequently, the finish rolling was performed
under the conditions indicated in the followrllg Table 2. The sheet thickness a h the
finish rolling was in a range of 2.2 to 3.4 mnl Ar3 (OC) indicated in Table 2 was
obtained kom tile composition shown in Table 1 using the following Expression (2).
Ar3 = 970 - 325 x [C] + 33 x [Si] + 287 x [PI + 40 x [All - 92 x ([Mn] + [Mo]
+ [Cu])-46 x ([Cr] a [Nil) . . . (2)
In addition, the cumulative strains at the last three passes were obtained by the
following Expression (1).
~eff=. Czi(t,T) .. . (1)
Here,
~i(t,T=) ~ i ~ / e x ~ ( ( t / t ~ ) ~ ' ~ } ,
tR = LO . exp(QRT),
10 = 8.46 x 1V6,
Q = 183200 J, and
R = 8.3 14 J/K . mol,
E ~ Ore presents a logarithmic strain at the time of roll~ngre duction, t represents
a cunlulative time immed~atelyb efore the coolnlg in the pass, and T represents a
roiling temperature in the pass.
The blank column in Table 1 means that the analysis value was less than the
detection limit
[0064]
[Table 21
[OOGS]
With respect to the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet, fraction of each structure
(the area ratio), and the ratio of the grains having the intragranular orientation
difference in a range of So to 1 4 O were obtained. The structure fraction (the area
ratio) was obtained usingthe following method. Fusf a saillple collected fromthe
hot-rolled steel sheet was etched using nital. After etching, a structure photograph
obtained at a 114 thickness position in a visual field of 300 pm x 300 PI using an
optical microscope was subjected to image analysis, and thereby the area raiio of
ferrite and pearlite, and the total area ratio bainite and marlensite were obtained.
T11e11, with a sample etched by LePera solution, the structure photograph obtained at a
114 thickness position in the visual field of 300 pm x 300 p using the optical
microscope was subjected to the image analysis, and thereby the total area ratio of
residual austenite and marlensite was calculated
Further, with a sample obtained by grinding the surface to a depth of 114
thickness from in nonnal direction of the rolled sudace, the volume hction of the
iesidual austenite was obtained through X-ray difiadion measurement. The volume
fraction of the residual austenite was equivalent to the area ratio, and thus was set as
the area ratio of the residual austenite.
With such a meti~odt,h e area ratio of each of ferrite, bainite, inartensite,
residual austenite, and pearlite was obtained.
Further, the ratio of the grains having the inhagranular orientation difference
irk a range of So to 14" was measured using the following method. First, regarding a
vertical section in a lollins direction of a position of depth of 114 (ti4 podion)
t!uckness t from surface of the steel sheet, an area of 200 pm in the roll~ilgd irection,
aild 100 pm in the noimat direction of the rolled sutrface was subjected lo EBSD
analysis at a measurement gap of 0.2 pm so as to obtain crystal orientation illformation.
Here, the EBSD analysis was performed us~nga n apparatus which is configured to
include a thennal field enussion scanning electron microscope (JSM-7001F,
manufactured by JEOL) and an EBSD detector (HIKARI detector manufactured by
TSL), at an analysis speed in a range of 200 to 300 points per second. Then, with
respect to the obtained crystal orientation informailon, an area having the orientation
difference of equal to or greater illan 15' and an equivalent circle diameter of equal to
or greater than 0.3 pm was defined as grain, an average intragranular orientation
difference of the grains was calculated, and the ratio of the grains having the
intragranular orientation diierence in a range of 5" to 14' was obtained. The grain
defined as described above and the average intrapular orientation difference can be
calc111ated using soflware "OM Analysis (trademark)" attached lo an EBSD analyzer.
Tbe results are indicated in Table 3. In T&le 3, the structure other tlian
ferrite, bainite, and martensite was pearlite or residual austelite. In addition,
regarding Test No.5 1, since cracking occurred during the rolling, it was not possible to
conduct the subsequent test.
[0066]
Next, in the te~isilete sl, the tensile strengtb and elongation were obtained. In
the present invention, the tensile strength properties (tensile stsength (TS) and
elongation (El)) among the mechanical properties were evaluated based on JIS Z 2241
(2011) using a tesl piece No. 5 of JIS Z 2241 (201 1) which was collected in iIte
longitudinal direction which is orthogonal to the rolling direction at a 114W position or
314W position in the sheet width. As a result of the test, when TS was equal to or
seater than 540 MPa, it was detennined tliai the strength was sufficien?, and when TS
x El was equal to or g~ealetrh an 13500 MPa.o/b, it was deterininedthat the ductil~ty
was sufficieilt.
The results are indicated in Table 4.
[0067]
Next, the maximum fomng height was obtained tlxough the saddle type
stretch flange test. In addition, a product of tensile strength (MPa) and maximum
forming height (nun) was evaluated as an index of the stretch Bangeability, and in a
case where the product is equal to or greater than 19500 numMPa, it is determined that
the steel sheet was excelleilt in Ule stretch flangeability. The saddle type stretch
flange test was conducted by setting a clearance at the time of puilchmg a corner
portion to be 11% with a saddle-type formed producf as shown in FIG 2 in which a
radius of curvature R of a corner was set to 60 mm, and an opening angle 6 was set to
1209 In addition, the existence of €he cracks haviug a length of 1/3 of the sheet
were visually observed after forming, andthen a forming height of the limit
in which the cracks were not present was determined as the maximum forn~ingheight
The results are indicated in Table 4.
[0068]
Next, in order to evaluate the notch fatigue properties in the direction
ortl~ogonatlo the rolling direction, a fatigue test was conducted by collectiilg the
fatigue test pieces hrined illto a shape as showii in FIG 3 such that the direction
orthogonal to the rolling direction from the same position as the position where tensile
test pieces are collected becomes a long side. Tlic iBtigue test pieces sliown in FIG 3
are notch test pieces manufactured in order to obtain the fatigue strength of the notched
material. The fatigue test pieces were ground to a depth of about 0.05 mm from the
outermost layer. A stses~co ntrol axial fatigue test was conducted uiidct the
conditions of sbess ratio I< = 0.1 and a frequencq of5 Hz, the stress wluch was not
broken after 10 million cycles was defined as notched fatigue limit (FL) and the notch
fatigue properties were evaluated. As a result of test, in a case where the relationship
of FWTS 2 0.25 was satisfied, it is determined that the notch fatigue propelties were
excellent. The results are indicated in Table 4.
[0069]
Next, the chemical convertibility and the corrosion resistance after coating
were evaluated.
Specificallj: frst, the manufactured steel sheet was performed pickling, aAer
this axe steel sheet was subjected to a phosphate chemical conversion treatment so as to
adhere a zinc phosphate coated film of 2.5 g/m2, and at this stage, measurement of
existence of "SUKE" and a P ratio was performed as the evaluation the chemical
convertibility. The " S U E mean the portions on which the chemical conversion
coated film is not adhered, and the I) d o is a value indicated by PYP + H), which is a
ratio of X-ray diffraction illtensity P of a phosphofilite (100) plane to X-ray diffraction
intensity I-$ of a Hopiie (020) plane, measured using an X-ray diffraction apparatus.
[0070]
The phosphate cheinical conversion treatment is a treatment in which
chemical solutions such as a phosphoric acid and Zn ions are used as main components,
and is a chemical reaction to produce crystals called phospl~ofilite( FeZnl(P04)z.
4Hz0) between Fe ions eluted from the steel sheet and the chemical soluiioi~s. In
addition, technical po~niso f the phosphate chenncdl coil~~elsiotrnea tment are as
follows:
(1) Fe ions are eluted so as to promote the read, and
(2) Phosphofilite n ystals are formed densely on the surface ofthe steel sheet.
Particularly, regarding (I), when oxides lesulting froin the formation of the Si
scale remain on the surface of the steel sheet, since the elution of Fe is hindered,
portions where the con~7etslonc oated film is not adhered called SUKE appear. Thus,
an abnormal cheinical conversion coated film which is not supposed to be fonned on
an iron surface called Hopite: Zn3(P04)2 . 4H20 may be formed and the performance
aflcr coating deteriorates. Accordingly, it is important to make the surface normal
such that Fe onthe surface ofthe steel sheet is eluted by phosphoric acid and thus Fe
ions are sufficiently supplied.
[0071]
The existence of the "SUKE" (non-coated portion) was determined through
the observation using a scanning electron microscope. Specifically, the observation
was performed at a nlagnification of 1,000-fold in about 20 visual fields, and a case
whese the mated film was evenly adhered to the entire surface and the "SUKE" (noncoated
portions) Were not confinned is evaluated as "A" (none). In addition, a case
whese the visual fields in u hich the "SUKE"(noii-coated portions) were confirmed
were equal to or less than 5% is evaluated as " B (slightly confirmed). A case where
the visual fields in which the "SUIW (non-coated portions) were conf~nledw ere
greater than 5% is evaluated as "e" (exist). In the case of C, it was determined that
the chemical converiibility was deteriorated.
100721
On the other hand, ihe Pratio can be measured using the X-ray dlffraction
apparatus. The ratio of X-ray diffraction intensll?/ P of the phosphofilite (I 00) plane
to tlie X-ray diffraction intensity H of Hopite (020) plane was obtained and evaluated
as P ratio = P/(P + H). The P ratio indicates a proportion of hoplie and phosphofilite
ill the coated film obtaincd through the chemical convetsion, and thus as hlghe~th e P
ratio, the inore the phosphofilite, which means ihc phosphofilite crystals aie densely
formed on the surface ofihe steel sheet. Typically, a relationship of P ratio 2 0.80 is
required in order to satisfy the corrosion resistance performance and the coating
performance, and in the corrosion strict environment such as a snow melting salt spray
area, arelationship of P ratio 2 0.85 is required. Accordingly, when the P ratio is less
U m l O 80, it was determined that the chemical convertibility was deteriorated The
results are indicated in Table 4.
[0073]
Next, the corrosion resistance after coating was evaluated using the ibllowing
methods.
Firsf the electrodeposition coating (tlCckness of 25 bm) was performed on the
steel sheet after the chemical conversion, a coating and baking treatment was
perforllled at 170°C for 20 mifiutes, the electrodeposition coated film was cut wit11 a
sharp-pointed knife with a cut of 130 nun in length until it reached the base steel (base
metal) In addition, 5% of salt spray was continuously performed on the steel sheet at
a temperature of 35°C for 700 hours under the salt spray conditions described in JIS Z
2371. After salt spray, a tape having a width of24 min (Nichiban 405 A-24 JIS Z
1522) was stuck on the notch portion in a length of 130 mn in parallel to the notch
portion, and the maximum coat peeling width when the tape was peeled off was
measured. When the ~namnumco at peeling width is greater than 4.0 mm, it mias
determined that the corrosion resistance after coai~iig\? ?asd egraded. The results are
md~catedin Table 4.
100741
[Table 31
[0075]
[Table 41
As apparent from the results of Tables 3 and 4, In a case where the chemical
composition defined in the plesent invention was hot-rolled under the preferable
conditions (Test Nos.1 to 32), it was possible to obtain a high-strength hot-rolled steel
sheet which is excellent in &etch flangeability, the co~rosionre sistance afier coating,
and the notch fitigue properties, in which the strength is equal to or greater than 540
MPa, and an index of the stretch flangeability is equal to or greater than 19500
mmMPa, TS x El is 13500 MPa.%, and a relationship of FUTS 2 0.25 is satisfied, and
a maxi~numc oat peeling width is 4.0 mn.
On the other hand, Test Nos. 34 to 39,41, and 43 are examples in which the
manufacturing conditions were deviated &om a preferable range, and thus any one or
boih acthe structure obsenied wing the optical microscope and the ratio ofthe p i n s
l~avingthein tragranular orienliation difference in a range of 5" to li(O did not satisfy the
range of the present invention. In these examples, any one of the ductility, the stretch
flangeability, and the notch Mgue properties did not satisfy the target value.
In addition, since Test Nos. 44 to 57 are examples in whichthe chemical
composition was outside the range of the present invention, any one of the strengik the
ductility, the stretch flangeability, and the notch fatigue properties did not satisfy the
target value.
[Industrial Applicability]
100771
According to the p~ eseilt inveiliiou, it is possible to provide a higi-strength
hot-rolled steel sheet which has high strength and is excellent in the strict stretch
flailgeability, the notch fatigue properties, and the ccorros~otrle sistance after coatlng
The steel sheet contributes to implovulg fuel econoilly of vehicles, and thus has high
industrial applicability.
CLAIMS
What is claimed is.
1. A hot-rolled steel sheet comprising, as a chemical composition, by mass%,
C: 0.020% to 0.070%,
Mn: 0.60% to 2.00%,
A: 0.10% to 1.00%,
Ti: 0.015% to 0.170%,
Nb: 0.005% to 0.0500/q.
Cr: 0% to 1.0%,
V: 0% to 0.300%
Cu: 0% to 2.00%
Ni: 0% to 2.00%
Mo: 0Yo to 1.00%,
Mg: 0% to 0.0100%,
Ca: 0% to 0.0100%,
REM: 0% to 0.1000%,
13: 0% to 0.0100%,
Si: linlitedto equal to or less tl~an0 .100%,
P: limited to equal to or less than 0.050%,
S limited to equal to or less than 0.005%, and
N: limited to equal to or less thm 0.006096,
with the remainde~ of Fe and impurities; and
wherein a structure includes, by an area ratio, ferrite and bainite 111 a range of
80% lo 98% 111 toial, and madensite in a range of 2% to lo%, and
wherein in the structure, in a case %;here a bouudaty having an orieiitation
difference of equal to or greater than 15" is defined as a grain boundary, and an area
whch 1s surrounded by the grain boundary, and has an equivalent circle diameter of
equal to or greater than0.3 pnl is defined as a grain, the ratio of the grains having an
mtragranular orientation difference in a range of 5" to 14' is, by the area ratio, in a
range of 10% to 60%.
2. The hot-rolled steel sheet according to Claim 1,
wherein tlle cl~emicacl omposition contains, by mass%, one or two or more of
V: 0.010% to 0.300%,
Cu: 0.01% to 1.20'36,
Ni: 0.01% to 0.60%, and
Mo: 0.01% to 1.00%.
3. The hot-rolled steel sheet according to C!aim 1 or 2,
wherein the chemical composition contains, by mass%, one or two or more of
Mg: 0.0005%to 0.01000/0,
Ca: 0.0005% to 0.0100%, and
REM: 0.0005%to 0.1000%,
4. The hot-rolled steel sheet according to ally one of Claims 1 to 3,
wherein the chemical composition contains, by mass%, B: 0.0002% to
0.0020%.
5. The hot-rolled steel sheet according lo nny one of Claims 1 to 4,
wherein a tensile strength is equal to or greater than 540 MPa, and a product
of the tensile strength and a maxirnuln forming height in a saddle type stretch flange
test is equal to or greater than 19500 mmMPa.