Title of invention : Hot-rolled steel sheet
Technical field
[0001]
The present invention relates to hot-rolled steel sheets. Specifically, the present invention relates to a hot-rolled steel sheet that is used by being formed into various shapes by press working or the like, and particularly to a hot-rolled steel sheet that is high in strength and excellent in ductility and shear workability.
This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-010944 filed in Japan on January 27, 2020, the contents of which are incorporated herein.
Background technology
[0002]
In recent years, efforts have been made to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in many fields from the perspective of global environmental protection. Automobile manufacturers are actively developing technologies to reduce the weight of automobile bodies for the purpose of reducing fuel consumption. However, it is not easy to reduce the weight of the car body because the emphasis is placed on improving crashworthiness in order to ensure the safety of passengers.
[0003]
In order to achieve both vehicle weight reduction and collision resistance, the use of high-strength steel plates to reduce the thickness of members is being considered. Therefore, there is a strong demand for a steel sheet that has both high strength and excellent formability. Several techniques have been conventionally proposed to meet these demands.
[0004]
Since there are various processing methods for automotive parts, the required formability differs depending on the parts to be applied, but among them, ductility is positioned as an important index of formability.
[0005]
In addition, automobile parts are formed by press molding, and the press-molded blank plates are often manufactured by highly productive shearing. A blank plate manufactured by shearing must be excellent in end face accuracy after shearing.
[0006]
Regarding technology for improving ductility, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for crash resistance safety and formability by dispersing retained austenite having an average crystal grain size of 5 μm or less in ferrite having an average crystal grain size of 10 μm or less. An excellent high-strength steel sheet for automobiles is disclosed. In a steel sheet containing retained austenite in the metal structure, the austenite transforms into martensite during working, and although the steel exhibits large elongation due to transformation-induced plasticity, the formation of hard martensite impairs the hole expansibility. Patent Document 1 discloses that refinement of ferrite and retained austenite improves not only ductility but also hole expansibility.
[0007]
Patent Document 2 discloses a high-strength steel sheet having excellent ductility and stretch-flangeability and having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more, in which a second phase composed of retained austenite and/or martensite is finely dispersed in grains. there is
[0008]
A technique for improving shear workability is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 3, by controlling the ratio ds/db of the ferrite grain size ds in the surface layer to the ferrite crystal grains db in the inner layer to 0.95 or less. , discloses a technique for controlling the burr height after punching.
[0009]
Patent Document 4 discloses a technique for improving peeling and peeling of plate end surfaces by reducing the P content.
prior art documents
patent literature
[0010]
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-61326
Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-179703
Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-168544
Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-298924
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0011]
All of the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 4 are techniques for improving either ductility or edge surface properties after shearing. However, Patent Literatures 1 to 3 do not refer to techniques for achieving both of these characteristics. Patent Document 4 mentions compatibility between shear workability and press formability. However, since the strength of the steel plate disclosed in Patent Document 4 is less than 850 MPa, it may be difficult to apply it to high-strength members of 980 MPa or more.
[0012]
In addition, especially with high-strength steel sheets of 980 MPa or more, the ratio of the sheared surface to the end face after shearing is not stable, and the accuracy of the cut end face varies.
[0013]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hot-rolled steel sheet having high strength and excellent ductility and shear workability.
Means to solve problems
[0014]
In view of the above problems, the present inventors have extensively studied the relationship between the chemical composition and metallographic structure of hot-rolled steel sheets and their mechanical properties. As a result, the following findings (a) to (h) were obtained, and the present invention was completed.
[0015]
In addition, having excellent shearing workability means that the ratio of the sheared surface to the end face after shearing (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the sheared surface ratio) is stable (the change in the sheared surface ratio is small ).
Also, having excellent strength or high strength means having a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more.
[0016]
(a) To obtain good tensile (maximum) strength, it is preferable to utilize a hard structure. That is, it is preferable to include martensite, tempered martensite and/or bainite in the structure.
[0017]
(b) However, since a hard structure is a structure with poor ductility, excellent ductility cannot be ensured simply by forming a metal structure mainly composed of these.
[0018]
(c) In order to make a high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet also have excellent ductility, it is effective to add an appropriate amount of highly ductile ferrite.
[0019]
(d) Since ferrite is generally soft, it is necessary to utilize Ti, Nb, V, etc. as precipitation strengthening elements in order to obtain the desired strength. Therefore, it is effective to perform intermediate air cooling in the hot rolling process to obtain an appropriate amount of precipitation-strengthened ferrite.
[0020]
(e) A hard structure is generally formed in a phase transformation at 600°C or less. ° is formed in large quantities.
[0021]
(f) Dislocations are less likely to accumulate in the hard structure when a grain boundary is generated with a crystal misorientation of 60° with the <110> direction as the axis. A metal in which such grain boundaries are dense and uniformly distributed in the hard phase (i.e., the total length of the grain boundaries with a crystal orientation difference of 60° with the <110> direction as the axis is large) In the structure, dislocations are less likely to accumulate in the hard structure during shearing, and cracks are less likely to occur from within the hard structure. As a result, even if the hard phase happens to exist in the vicinity of the cutting edge of the shearing tool, cracking is unlikely to occur, and the ratio of the sheared surface is kept constant, that is, the ratio of the sheared surface is stabilized.
[0022]
(g) In order to uniformly disperse grain boundaries with a crystal misorientation of 60° around the <110> direction in the hard phase, the standard deviation of the Mn concentration must be less than a certain value. In order to keep the standard deviation of the Mn concentration below a certain value, the slab is heated in the temperature range of 700 to 850°C for 900 seconds or longer, then further heated, and held in the temperature range of 1100°C or higher for 6000 seconds or longer. In addition, it is effective to perform hot rolling in a temperature range of 850 to 1100° C. so that the total thickness reduction is 90% or more.
[0023]
(h) increasing the length of the grain boundary with a crystalline misorientation of 60° around the <110> direction and decreasing the length of the grain boundary with a 7° misorienting around the <110> direction; Winding at 400 to 600° C. is effective for this.
[0024]
The gist of the present invention based on the above findings is as follows.
[0025]
(1) The hot-rolled steel sheet according to one aspect of the present invention has a chemical composition, in mass%,
C: 0.050 to 0.250%,
Si: 0.05 to 3.00%,
Mn: 1.00 to 4.00%,
one or more of Ti, Nb and V: 0.060 to 0.500% in total;
sol. Al: 0.001 to 2.000%,
P: 0.100% or less,
S: 0.0300% or less,
N: 0.1000% or less,
O: 0.0100% or less,
Cu: 0 to 2.00%,
Cr: 0 to 2.00%,
Mo: 0 to 1.00%,
Ni: 0 to 2.00%,
B: 0 to 0.0100%,
Ca: 0 to 0.0200%,
Mg: 0-0.0200%,
REM: 0 to 0.1000%,
Bi: 0 to 0.020%,
one or more of Zr, Co, Zn and W: 0 to 1.00% in total, and
Sn: contains 0 to 0.050%,
The balance consists of Fe and impurities,
The metal structure, in area%,
　　Retained austenite is less than 3.0%,
　　Ferrite is 15.0% or more and less than 60.0%,
　　Perlite is less than 5.0%,
With the <110> direction as the axis, L60/L7 is the ratio of the length L60 of the grain boundary where the crystal misorientation is 60° and the length L7 of the grain boundary where the crystal misorientation is 7°. is 0.60 or more,
the standard deviation of the Mn concentration is 0.60% by mass or less,
　The tensile strength is 980 MPa or more.
(2) The hot-rolled steel sheet described in (1) above may have an average crystal grain size of less than 3.0 μm in the surface layer.
(3) The hot-rolled steel sheet according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the chemical composition is, in mass%,
Cu: 0.01 to 2.00%,
Cr: 0.01 to 2.00%,
Mo: 0.01 to 1.00%,
Ni: 0.02 to 2.00%,
B: 0.0001 to 0.0100%,
Ca: 0.0005 to 0.0200%,
Mg: 0.0005-0.0200%,
REM: 0.0005-0.1000%, and
Bi: 0.0005 to 0.020%
It may contain one or more selected from the group consisting of.
Effect of the invention
[0026]
According to the above aspect of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having excellent strength, ductility and shear workability. In addition, according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet that has the above properties and further suppresses the occurrence of internal bending cracks, that is, has excellent resistance to internal bending cracks. can.
[0027]
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the above aspect of the present invention is suitable as an industrial material used for automobile members, mechanical structural members, and building members.
Brief description of the drawing
[0028]
1 is a diagram for explaining a method of measuring a ratio of a sheared surface to an end face after shearing; FIG.
MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0029]
The chemical composition and metallographic structure of the hot-rolled steel sheet (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as steel sheet) according to the present embodiment will be more specifically described below. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration disclosed in this embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0030]
The numerical limits described below with "~" in between include the lower and upper limits. Any numerical value indicated as "less than" or "greater than" excludes that value from the numerical range.
　In the following description, the % regarding the chemical composition of the hot-rolled steel sheet is mass % unless otherwise specified.
[0031]
1. chemical composition
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment is mass %, C: 0.050 to 0.250%, Si: 0.05 to 3.00%, Mn: 1.00 to 4.00%, Ti, Nb and one or more of V: ​​0.060 to 0.500% in total, sol. Al: 0.001 to 2.000%, P: 0.100% or less, S: 0.0300% or less, N: 0.1000% or less, O: 0.0100% or less, and the balance: Fe and impurities including. Each element will be described in detail below.
[0032]
(1-1) C: 0.050 to 0.250%
C increases the area fraction of the hard phase and increases the strength of ferrite by combining with precipitation strengthening elements such as Ti, Nb, and V. If the C content is less than 0.050%, it becomes difficult to obtain the desired strength. Therefore, the C content should be 0.050% or more. The C content is preferably 0.060% or more, more preferably 0.070% or more.
On the other hand, if the C content exceeds 0.250%, the ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet decreases due to the decrease in the area fraction of ferrite. Therefore, the C content should be 0.250% or less. The C content is preferably 0.150% or less, less than 0.150%, and 0.130% or less.
[0033]
( 1-2) Si: 0.05 to 3.00%
Si has the action of promoting the formation of ferrite to improve the ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet, and the action of solid-solution strengthening the ferrite to increase the strength of the hot-rolled steel sheet. In addition, Si has the effect of making steel sound by deoxidizing (suppressing the occurrence of defects such as blowholes in steel). If the Si content is less than 0.05%, the above effects cannot be obtained. Therefore, the Si content should be 0.05% or more. The Si content is preferably 0.30% or more, 0.50% or more, or 0.80% or more.
However, if the Si content exceeds 3.00%, the surface properties and chemical conversion treatability of the hot-rolled steel sheet, as well as ductility and weldability, are significantly deteriorated, and the A3 transformation point is significantly increased. This makes it difficult to stably perform hot rolling. Therefore, the Si content should be 3.00% or less. The Si content is preferably 2.70% or less, more preferably 2.50% or less.
[0034]
(1-3) Mn: 1.00 to 4.00%
Mn has the effect of suppressing ferrite transformation and increasing the strength of the hot-rolled steel sheet. If the Mn content is less than 1.00%, a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more cannot be obtained. Therefore, the Mn content should be 1.00% or more. The Mn content is preferably 1.50% or more, more preferably 1.80% or more.
On the other hand, when the Mn content exceeds 4.00%, the angle difference of the crystal grains in the hard phase becomes uneven due to the segregation of Mn, and the shear surface ratio becomes unstable. Therefore, the Mn content should be 4.00% or less. The Mn content is preferably 3.70% or less and 3.50% or less.
[0035]
(1-4) One or more of Ti, Nb and V: 0.060 to 0.500% in total
Ti, Nb and V are elements that precipitate finely in steel as carbides and nitrides and improve the strength of steel through precipitation strengthening. Further, it is an element that fixes C by forming the above-mentioned carbides and suppresses the formation of cementite that is harmful to shear workability. In order to obtain these effects, the total content of Ti, Nb and V is made 0.060% or more. In addition, it is not necessary to contain all of Ti, Nb and V, and any one of them may be contained. Contains one of Ti, Nb and V, the content of which may be 0.060% or more, and contains two or more of Ti, Nb and V, the total content of which is 0.060 % or more. The total content of Ti, Nb and V is preferably 0.080% or more.
On the other hand, if the total content of Ti, Nb and V exceeds 0.500%, workability deteriorates. Therefore, the total content of Ti, Nb and V is set to 0.500% or less. It is preferably 0.300% or less, more preferably 0.250% or less.
[0036]
(1-5) sol. Al: 0.001-2.000%
Al, like Si, has the effect of making steel sound by deoxidizing, and also has the effect of promoting the formation of ferrite and increasing the ductility of hot-rolled steel sheets. sol. If the Al content is less than 0.001%, the above effects cannot be obtained. Therefore, sol. Al content shall be 0.001% or more. sol. The Al content is preferably 0.010% or more and 0.030% or more.
On the other hand, sol. If the Al content exceeds 2.000%, the above effect saturates and is economically unfavorable. Al content is 2.000% or less. sol. The Al content is preferably 1.500% or less, 1.000% or less, 0.500% or less, or 0.100% or less.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, sol. Al means acid-soluble Al, and indicates solid-solution Al present in steel in a solid-solution state.
[0037]
(1-6) P: 0.100% or less
P is an element that is generally contained as an impurity, but it is also an element that has the effect of increasing the strength of the hot-rolled steel sheet through solid-solution strengthening. Therefore, P may be positively contained, but P is an element that easily segregates, and if the P content exceeds 0.100%, the drop in ductility due to grain boundary segregation becomes significant. Therefore, the P content should be 0.100% or less. The P content is preferably 0.030% or less.
Although it is not necessary to specify the lower limit of the P content, it is preferably 0.001% from the viewpoint of refining costs.
[0038]
(1-7) S: 0.0300% or less
S is an element contained as an impurity, and forms sulfide-based inclusions in the steel to reduce the ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet. If the S content exceeds 0.0300%, the ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet is remarkably lowered. Therefore, the S content should be 0.0300% or less. The S content is preferably 0.0050% or less.
Although it is not necessary to specify the lower limit of the S content, it is preferable to set it to 0.0001% from the viewpoint of refining costs.
[0039]
(1-8) N: 0.1000% or less
N is an element contained in steel as an impurity, and has the effect of reducing the ductility of hot-rolled steel sheets. If the N content exceeds 0.1000%, the ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet is remarkably lowered. Therefore, the N content should be 0.1000% or less. The N content is preferably 0.0800% or less, more preferably 0.0700% or less.
Although it is not necessary to specify the lower limit of the N content, when one or more of Ti, Nb and V are contained to make the metal structure more fine, the precipitation of carbonitrides is promoted. Furthermore, the N content is preferably 0.0010% or more, more preferably 0.0020% or more.
[0040]
(1-9) O: 0.0100% or less
When O is contained in a large amount in steel, it forms coarse oxides that act as starting points for fracture, causing brittle fracture and hydrogen-induced cracking. Therefore, the O content is set to 0.0100% or less. The O content is preferably 0.0080% or less and 0.0050% or less.
The O content may be 0.0005% or more and 0.0010% or more in order to disperse a large number of fine oxides when deoxidizing molten steel.
[0041]
The rest of the chemical composition of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment may be Fe and impurities. In the present embodiment, the term "impurities" refers to ores used as raw materials, scraps, or impurities that are mixed in from the manufacturing environment, etc., and are permissible within a range that does not adversely affect the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment. do.
[0042]
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment contains Cu, Cr, Mo, Ni, B, Ca, Mg, REM, Bi, Zr, Co, Zn, W and Sn as arbitrary elements instead of part of Fe. You may The lower limit of the content when the optional element is not included is 0%. The optional elements will be described in detail below.
[0043]
(1-10) Cu: 0.01 to 2.00%, Cr: 0.01 to 2.00%, Mo: 0.01 to 1.00%, Ni: 0.02 to 2.00% and B : 0.0001 to 0.0100%
Cu, Cr, Mo, Ni and B all have the effect of increasing the hardenability of the hot-rolled steel sheet and increasing the tensile strength. Moreover, Cu and Mo have the effect of increasing the strength of the hot-rolled steel sheet by precipitating as carbides in the steel. Furthermore, when Cu is contained, Ni has the effect of effectively suppressing intergranular cracking of the slab caused by Cu. Therefore, one or more of these elements may be contained.
[0044]
As described above, Cu has the effect of increasing the hardenability of the hot-rolled steel sheet and the effect of increasing the strength of the hot-rolled steel sheet by being precipitated as carbides in the steel at low temperatures. In order to more reliably obtain the effects of the above action, the Cu content is preferably 0.01% or more, more preferably 0.05% or more.
However, if the Cu content exceeds 2.00%, intergranular cracking of the slab may occur. Therefore, the Cu content is set to 2.00% or less. The Cu content is preferably 1.50% or less and 1.00% or less.
[0045]
As described above, Cr has the effect of increasing the hardenability of hot-rolled steel sheets. In order to more reliably obtain the effects of the above action, the Cr content is preferably 0.01% or more and 0.05% or more.
However, if the Cr content exceeds 2.00%, the chemical conversion treatability of the hot-rolled steel sheet is significantly reduced. Therefore, the Cr content should be 2.00% or less.
[0046]
As described above, Mo has the effect of increasing the hardenability of the hot-rolled steel sheet and the effect of increasing the strength of the hot-rolled steel sheet by being precipitated as carbides in the steel. In order to more reliably obtain the effects of the above action, the Mo content is preferably 0.01% or more and 0.02% or more.
However, even if the Mo content exceeds 1.00%, the effect of the above action is saturated, which is economically unfavorable. Therefore, the Mo content should be 1.00% or less. The Mo content is preferably 0.50% or less and 0.20% or less.
[0047]
As described above, Ni has the effect of increasing the hardenability of hot-rolled steel sheets. In addition, when Cu is contained, Ni has the effect of effectively suppressing intergranular cracking of the slab caused by Cu. In order to more reliably obtain the effects of the above action, the Ni content is preferably 0.02% or more.
Since Ni is an expensive element, it is economically unfavorable to contain a large amount of it. Therefore, the Ni content is set to 2.00% or less.
[0048]
As described above, B has the effect of increasing the hardenability of hot-rolled steel sheets. In order to more reliably obtain the effect of this action, the B content is preferably 0.0001% or more and 0.0002% or more.
However, if the B content exceeds 0.0100%, the ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet is significantly reduced, so the B content is made 0.0100% or less. The B content is preferably 0.0050% or less.
[0049]
(1-11) Ca: 0.0005-0.0200%, Mg: 0.0005-0.0200%, REM: 0.0005-0.1000% and Bi: 0.0005-0.020%
All of Ca, Mg and REM have the effect of improving the formability of hot-rolled steel sheets by adjusting the shape of inclusions in steel to a preferred shape. Moreover, Bi has the effect of increasing the formability of the hot-rolled steel sheet by refining the solidified structure. Therefore, one or more of these elements may be contained. In order to more reliably obtain the effects of the above action, it is preferable that at least one of Ca, Mg, REM and Bi is 0.0005% or more.
[0050]
However, when the Ca content or Mg content exceeds 0.0200%, or when the REM content exceeds 0.1000%, inclusions are excessively formed in the steel, and the ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet is rather reduced. may cause Moreover, even if the Bi content exceeds 0.020%, the above effect is saturated, which is economically unfavorable. Therefore, the Ca content and Mg content are set to 0.0200% or less, the REM content to 0.1000% or less, and the Bi content to 0.020% or less. The Bi content is preferably 0.010% or less.
[0051]
Here, REM refers to a total of 17 elements consisting of Sc, Y and lanthanides, and the content of REM above refers to the total content of these elements. In the case of lanthanides, they are industrially added in the form of misch metals.
[0052]
(1-12) One or more of Zr, Co, Zn and W: 0 to 1.00% in total and Sn: 0 to 0.050%
Regarding Zr, Co, Zn and W, the present inventors have confirmed that even if these elements are contained in a total amount of 1.00% or less, the effect of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment is not impaired. there is Therefore, one or more of Zr, Co, Zn and W may be contained in a total amount of 1.00% or less.
[0053]
In addition, the inventors have confirmed that the effect of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment is not impaired even if a small amount of Sn is contained. However, if a large amount of Sn is contained, flaws may occur during hot rolling, so the Sn content is 0.050% or more. below.
[0054]
The chemical composition of the hot-rolled steel sheet mentioned above can be measured by a general analytical method. For example, it may be measured using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry). In addition, sol. Al can be measured by ICP-AES using the filtrate obtained by thermally decomposing the sample with acid. C and S may be measured using the combustion-infrared absorption method, and N may be measured using the inert gas fusion-thermal conductivity method.
[0055]
2. Metal structure of hot-rolled steel sheet
Next, the metal structure of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to this embodiment will be described.
In the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment, the metal structure is area%, retained austenite is less than 3.0%, ferrite is 15.0% or more and less than 60.0%, and pearlite is 5.0%. L is the ratio of the length L60 of the grain boundary where the crystal misorientation is 60° and the length L7 of the grain boundary where the crystal misorientation is 7° with the <110> direction as the axis 60/L7 is 0.60 or more, and the standard deviation of Mn concentration is 0.60% by mass or less. Therefore, the hot-rolled steel sheet according to this embodiment can obtain excellent strength, ductility and shear workability.
[0056]
In the present embodiment, in a cross section parallel to the rolling direction, the structure fraction in the metal structure at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface and the center position in the plate width direction, L 60 / L 7 and the standard deviation of the Mn concentration stipulate. The reason for defining the metal structure at the depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface and the center position in the plate width direction of the cross section parallel to the rolling direction is that the metal structure at this position shows the typical metal structure of the steel plate. is.
The position at a depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface is a region from 1/8 of the plate thickness from the surface to 3/8 of the plate thickness from the surface.
[0057]
(2-1) Area fraction of retained austenite: less than 3.0%
　Retained austenite is a structure that exists as a face-centered cubic lattice even at room temperature. Retained austenite increases the ductility of hot-rolled steel through transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP). On the other hand, retained austenite transforms into high-carbon martensite during shearing and has the effect of inhibiting stable crack generation, which causes the shear surface ratio to become unstable. When the area fraction of retained austenite is 3.0% or more, the above effect becomes apparent, and the shear workability of the hot-rolled steel sheet deteriorates. Therefore, the area fraction of retained austenite should be less than 3.0%. The area fraction of retained austenite is preferably less than 1.0%. The area fraction of retained austenite may be 0% because the smaller the retained austenite, the better.
[0058]
Methods for measuring the area fraction of retained austenite include X-ray diffraction, EBSP (Electron Back Scattering Diffraction Pattern) analysis, magnetic measurement, etc., and the measured value may vary depending on the measurement method. . In this embodiment, the area fraction of retained austenite is measured by X-ray diffraction.
[0059]
In the measurement of the retained austenite area fraction by X-ray diffraction in this embodiment, first, 1/4 depth of the plate thickness of the hot rolled steel sheet (1/8 depth of the plate thickness from the surface to 3/3/ of the plate thickness from the surface 8 depth region) and in a cross section parallel to the rolling direction at the center position in the sheet width direction, using Co-Kα rays, α(110), α(200), α(211), γ(111), The area fraction of retained austenite is obtained by calculating the integrated intensity of a total of 6 peaks of γ(200) and γ(220) and calculating using the intensity average method.
[0060]
(2-2) Area fraction of ferrite: 15.0% or more and less than 60.0%
Ferrite is a structure formed when fcc transforms to bcc at a relatively high temperature. Since ferrite has a high work hardening rate, it has the effect of increasing the strength-ductility balance of the hot-rolled steel sheet. In order to obtain the above effect, the area fraction of ferrite is set to 15.0% or more. Preferably it is 20.0% or more. On the other hand, since ferrite has a low strength, a desired tensile strength cannot be obtained if the area fraction is excessive. Therefore, the area fraction of ferrite is set to less than 60.0%. It is preferably 50.0% or less, 45.0% or less, or 40.0% or less.
[0061]
(2-3) Perlite area fraction: less than 5.0%
Pearlite is a lamellar metal structure in which cementite is deposited in layers between ferrite particles, and is a soft metal structure compared to bainite and martensite. When the area fraction of pearlite is 5.0% or more, carbon is consumed by cementite contained in pearlite, the strength of martensite and bainite, which are residual structures, is lowered, and a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more can be obtained. Can not. Therefore, the area fraction of pearlite is set to less than 5.0%. The area fraction of pearlite is preferably 3.0% or less, 2.0% or less, or 1.0% or less. In order to improve the ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet, it is preferable to reduce the area fraction of pearlite as much as possible, and the lower limit is 0%.
[0062]
(2-4) Bainite, martensite and tempered martensite: total of more than 32.0% and 85.0% or less
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment contains bainite, martensite, and tempered martensite with a total area fraction of more than 32.0% and not more than 85.0% as residual structures other than retained austenite, ferrite, and pearlite. Hard tissue consisting of one or more may be included. By making the total area fraction of bainite, martensite, and tempered martensite over 32.0%, the strength of the hot-rolled steel sheet can be improved. Therefore, the sum of the area fractions of bainite, martensite and tempered martensite is preferably more than 32.0%. More preferably, it is 35.0% or more, 40.0% or more, more than 43.0%, or 50.0% or more.
[0063]
Also, by setting the total area fraction of bainite, martensite and tempered martensite to 85.0% or less, the ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet can be improved. Therefore, the total area fraction of bainite, martensite and tempered martensite is preferably 85.0% or less. More preferably, it is 80.0% or less, 75.0% or less, or 70.0% or less.
[0064]
In addition, one of bainite, martensite and tempered martensite may be included and the area fraction thereof may be more than 32.0% and 85.0% or less, and among bainite, martensite and tempered martensite Two or more types may be included, and the sum of their area fractions may be more than 32.0% and 85.0% or less.
[0065]
　The area fraction of ferrite and pearlite is measured by the following method.
The cross-section perpendicular to the rolling direction is mirror-finished and polished at room temperature with colloidal silica that does not contain an alkaline solution for 8 minutes to remove the strain introduced into the surface layer of the sample. At any position in the longitudinal direction of the sample cross section, a cross section parallel to the rolling direction, a length of 50 μm, and a thickness of Crystal orientation information is obtained by measuring an area from 1/8 depth to 3/8 depth of the plate thickness from the surface by the electron backscatter diffraction method at measurement intervals of 0.1 μm.
[0066]
For measurement, an EBSD analysis device consisting of a thermal field emission scanning electron microscope (JEOL JSM-7001F) and an EBSD detector (TSL DVC5 detector) is used. At this time, the degree of vacuum in the EBSD analysis apparatus is 9.6×10 −5 Pa or less, the acceleration voltage is 15 kV, the irradiation current level is 13, and the electron beam irradiation level is 62. Furthermore, a backscattered electron image is taken in the same field of view. First, crystal grains in which ferrite and cementite are deposited in layers are specified from a backscattered electron image, and the area fraction of the crystal grains is calculated to obtain the area fraction of pearlite. After that, the crystal orientation information obtained for the crystal grains excluding the crystal grains that were determined to be pearlite is analyzed by the "Grain Average" installed in the software "OIM Analysis (registered trademark)" (manufactured by AMETEK) attached to the EBSD analysis device. Using the Misorientation function, a region with a Grain Average Misorientation value of 1.0° or less is determined to be ferrite. The area fraction of ferrite is obtained by calculating the area fraction of the region determined to be ferrite.
[0067]
The area fraction of the residual structure (bainite, martensite, and hard structure consisting of one or more of tempered martensite) ranges from 100% to the area fraction of retained austenite, the area fraction of ferrite, and the area fraction of pearlite. Obtained by subtracting the rate.
[0068]
(2-5) It is the ratio of the length L60 of the grain boundary where the crystal misorientation is 60° and the length L7 of the grain boundary where the crystal misorientation is 7° with the <110> direction as the axis. L 60/L 7: 0.60 or more
　In order to obtain a high strength of 980 MPa or more, it is necessary to make the matrix phase hard. A hard structure is generally formed in a phase transformation at 600° C. or less. Certain grain boundaries are formed abundantly. Dislocations are less likely to accumulate in the hard structure during the generation of grain boundaries with a crystal orientation difference of 60° with the <110> direction as the axis. Therefore, in the hard phase, such grain boundaries have a high density and are uniformly dispersed (that is, the total length of the grain boundaries with a crystal orientation difference of 60° around the <110> direction is In the case of a metallographic structure with a large diameter, the hard phase is difficult to deform, so strain concentration is difficult to occur inside the hard structure, and cracks occur stably regardless of the presence or absence of the hard phase near the cutting edge of the shear tool. As a result, the shear surface ratio is stabilized.
[0069]
On the other hand, dislocations tend to accumulate in the hard phase at grain boundaries where the crystal orientation difference is 7° with the <110> direction as the axis. Therefore, in a metal structure with a high density of grain boundaries in which the crystal orientation difference is 7° with the <110> direction as the axis in the hard phase, the hard phase is easily deformed, so dislocations are introduced into the hard phase during shearing. The shear surface ratio changes depending on the presence or absence of the hard phase near the cutting edge of the shearing tool. As a result, the shear surface ratio becomes unstable.
[0070]
Therefore, with the <110> direction as the axis, the length of the grain boundary with a crystal misorientation of 60° is L60, and the length of the grain boundary with a crystal misorientation of 7° is L7. The stability of the ratio is governed by L60/L7. If L60/L7 is less than 0.60, the shear surface ratio becomes unstable due to the above effects. Therefore, in order to improve the shear workability of the hot-rolled steel sheet, it is necessary to set L60/L7 to 0.60 or more. L60/L7 is preferably 0.63 or more, 0.65 or more, or 0.70 or more. Although the upper limit of L60/L7 does not have to be specified, it may be 1.50 or less or 1.00 or less.
[0071]
The grain boundary having a crystal orientation difference of X° with the <110> direction as an axis is defined as two crystal grains A and B adjacent to each other at a certain grain boundary. 110> refers to a grain boundary having a crystallographic relationship in which the crystal orientations of crystal grain A and crystal grain B match when rotated X degrees along the axis. However, considering the measurement accuracy of the crystal orientation, a misorientation of ±4° from the matching orientation relationship is allowed.
[0072]
In this embodiment, the grain boundary length L 60 with a crystal misorientation of 60° and the grain boundary length L 7 with a crystal misorientation of 7° with the <110> direction as an axis are determined by EBSP-OIM (Electron Back It is measured using the Scatter Diffraction Pattern-Orientation Image Microscopy) method.
[0073]
　In the EBSP-OIM method, an electron beam is irradiated to a highly tilted sample in a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the Kikuchi pattern formed by backscattering is captured by a high-sensitivity camera. The crystal orientation of the irradiation point can be measured in a short time by taking a picture with a computer and processing the photographed picture with a computer.
[0074]
The EBSP-OIM method is performed using an EBSD analysis device consisting of a thermal field emission scanning electron microscope (JSM-7001F manufactured by JEOL) and an EBSD detector, and OIM Analysis (registered trademark) manufactured by AMETEK. Since the EBSP-OIM method can analyze the microstructure and crystal orientation of the sample surface, it is possible to quantitatively determine the length of the grain boundary having a specific crystal orientation difference. Also, the analyzable area of ​​the EBSP-OIM method is the area that can be observed with the SEM. Although it depends on the resolution of the SEM, the EBSP-OIM method enables analysis with a minimum resolution of 20 nm.
[0075]
1/4 depth of the plate thickness from the surface of the steel plate in the cross section parallel to the rolling direction (area from 1/8 depth of the plate thickness to 3/8 depth of the plate thickness from the surface) and the center position in the plate width direction In the measurement of the length of the specific grain boundary of the metal structure, analysis is performed in at least 5 fields of view at a magnification of 1200 times in an area of ​​40 μm×30 μm. Then, L60 is obtained by calculating the average length of grain boundaries having a crystal misorientation of 60° with the <110> direction as an axis. Similarly, L7 is obtained by calculating the average length of the grain boundary with a crystal misorientation of 7° with the <110> direction as an axis. In addition, as described above, a misorientation of ±4° is allowed.
[0076]
Note that ferrite and pearlite are soft phases and have little effect on the effect of accumulating dislocations inside the hard phase, and retained austenite is not a structure generated by phase transformation at 600° C. or less and does not have the effect of accumulating dislocations. Therefore, in this measurement method, ferrite, pearlite and retained austenite are not analyzed. That is, in the present embodiment, the grain boundary length L60 with a crystal misorientation of 60° and the grain boundary length L7 with a crystal misorientation of 7° with the <110> direction as an axis are hard It has a structure (one or more of bainite, martensite and tempered martensite). Pearlite can be specified by a method similar to the method for measuring the area fraction of pearlite, ferrite can be specified by a method similar to the method for measuring the area fraction of ferrite, and pearlite and ferrite can be excluded from the analysis targets. In addition, in the EBSP-OIM method, retained austenite whose crystal structure is fcc can be excluded from the analysis target.
[0077]
(2-6) Standard deviation of Mn concentration: 0.60% by mass or less
1/4 depth of the plate thickness from the surface of the hot-rolled steel plate according to the present embodiment (area from 1/8 depth of the plate thickness to 3/8 depth of the plate thickness from the surface) and the center position in the width direction The standard deviation of the Mn concentration in is 0.60% by mass or less. This makes it possible to uniformly disperse grain boundaries having a crystal orientation difference of 60° around the <110> direction. As a result, the shear surface ratio can be stabilized. The standard deviation of the Mn concentration is preferably 0.55% by mass or less, 0.50% by mass or less, or 0.45% by mass or less.
[0078]
From the viewpoint of stabilizing the shear surface ratio, the lower limit of the standard deviation of the Mn concentration is preferably as small as possible, but due to restrictions in the manufacturing process, the practical lower limit is 0.10% by mass.
[0079]
　The standard deviation of the Mn concentration is measured by the following method.
After the L cross section of the hot-rolled steel sheet is mirror-polished, the depth of 1/4 of the plate thickness from the surface (1/8 depth of the plate thickness from the surface to 3/8 depth of the plate thickness from the surface) and the plate width The directional center position is measured with an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) to measure the standard deviation of the Mn concentration. The measurement conditions are an acceleration voltage of 15 kV, a magnification of 5000, and a distribution image in a range of 20 μm in the rolling direction of the sample and 20 μm in the thickness direction of the sample. More specifically, the measurement interval is set to 0.1 μm, and the Mn concentration is measured at 40,000 or more locations. Then, the standard deviation of the Mn concentration is obtained by calculating the standard deviation based on the Mn concentrations obtained from all measurement points.
[0080]
(2-7) Average grain size of surface layer: less than 3.0 μm
　The higher the strength of the steel sheet, the more likely it is that cracks will occur from the inside of the bend during bending (hereinafter referred to as internal cracks in bending). By making the crystal grain size of the surface layer finer, it is possible to suppress bending cracks in the hot-rolled steel sheet.
[0081]
The mechanism of internal bending cracks is presumed as follows. During bending, compressive stress is generated inside the bend. At first, the entire inner side of the bend deforms uniformly as the work progresses, but as the amount of work increases, the uniform deformation becomes unable to bear the deformation, and the deformation progresses as the strain concentrates locally (the occurrence of shear deformation bands). . As this shear deformation band grows further, a crack occurs and grows along the shear band from the inner surface of the bend. The reason why inner bending cracks are more likely to occur as the strength increases is that due to the decrease in work hardening ability that accompanies the increase in strength, it becomes difficult for uniform deformation to proceed, and uneven deformation tends to occur, which can lead to early ( Or under loose processing conditions) is presumed to be due to the occurrence of shear deformation bands.
[0082]
According to the research of the present inventors, it was found that internal bending cracks become conspicuous in steel sheets with a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more. In addition, the present inventors have found that the finer the crystal grain size of the surface layer of the hot-rolled steel sheet, the more the local strain concentration is suppressed and the bending inner cracks are less likely to occur. In order to obtain the above effects, the average grain size of the surface layer of the hot-rolled steel sheet is preferably less than 3.0 μm. More preferably, the thickness is 2.5 μm or less. Although the lower limit is not particularly limited, it may be 1.0 μm or more, 1.5 μm or more, or 2.0 μm or more.
In this embodiment, the surface layer is a region from the surface of the hot-rolled steel sheet to a depth of 50 μm from the surface.
[0083]
The crystal grain size of the surface layer is measured using the aforementioned EBSP-OIM method. In the cross section parallel to the rolling direction, in the region from the surface of the hot-rolled steel sheet to the depth of 50 μm from the surface and the center position in the width direction, the magnification is 1200 times, in the area of ​​40 μm × 30 μm, at least 5 fields of view are analyzed, A place where the angle difference between adjacent measurement points is 5° or more is defined as a grain boundary, and the area-average grain size is calculated. The obtained area-average crystal grain size is taken as the average crystal grain size of the surface layer.
[0084]
Note that retained austenite is not a structure generated by phase transformation at 600°C or less and has no effect of dislocation accumulation, so retained austenite is not analyzed in this measurement method. That is, in the present embodiment, the average crystal grain size of the surface layer is that of ferrite, pearlite, and hard structures (one or more of bainite, martensite, and tempered martensite). In the EBSP-OIM method, retained austenite having a crystal structure of fcc can be excluded from analysis.
[0085]
3. Tensile strength properties
Among the mechanical properties of hot-rolled steel sheets, tensile strength properties (tensile strength, total elongation) are evaluated in accordance with JIS Z 2241:2011. The test piece shall be JIS Z 2241:2011 No. 5 test piece. A tensile test piece is taken from a quarter portion from the end in the width direction of the sheet, and the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction is taken as the longitudinal direction.
[0086]
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to this embodiment has a tensile (maximum) strength of 980 MPa or more. If the tensile strength is less than 980 MPa, the applicable parts are limited and the contribution to vehicle weight reduction is small. Although the upper limit is not particularly limited, it may be 1400 MPa or 1350 MPa from the viewpoint of mold wear suppression.
[0087]
Also, the product of tensile strength and total elongation (TS×El), which is an index of ductility, is preferably 15000 MPa·% or more. By setting the product of tensile strength and total elongation to 15000 MPa·% or more, it is possible to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet that greatly contributes to vehicle weight reduction without limiting applicable parts.
[0088]
4. plate thickness
The thickness of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to this embodiment is not particularly limited, but may be 0.5 to 8.0 mm. By setting the thickness of the hot-rolled steel sheet to 0.5 mm or more, it becomes easy to secure the rolling completion temperature, the rolling load can be reduced, and hot rolling can be easily performed. Therefore, the thickness of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to this embodiment may be 0.5 mm or more. It is preferably 1.2 mm or more and 1.4 mm or more. Further, by setting the plate thickness to 8.0 mm or less, the metal structure can be easily refined, and the metal structure described above can be easily secured. Therefore, the plate thickness may be 8.0 mm or less. Preferably, it is 6.0 mm or less.
[0089]
5. others
(5-1) Plating layer
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment having the above-described chemical composition and metallographic structure may be provided with a plating layer on the surface for the purpose of improving corrosion resistance, etc., and may be used as a surface-treated steel sheet. The plating layer may be an electroplating layer or a hot dipping layer. Examples of the electroplating layer include electrogalvanizing and electroplating of Zn—Ni alloy. Examples of hot-dip coating layers include hot-dip galvanizing, hot-dip galvannealing, hot-dip aluminum plating, hot-dip Zn--Al alloy plating, hot-dip Zn--Al--Mg alloy plating, and hot-dip Zn--Al--Mg--Si alloy plating. be.
[0090]
The amount of plating deposited is not particularly limited, and may be the same as before. Further, it is possible to further improve the corrosion resistance by applying an appropriate chemical conversion treatment (for example, applying a silicate-based chromium-free chemical conversion treatment solution and drying) after plating.
[0091]
6. manufacturing conditions
A preferred method for manufacturing the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment having the chemical composition and metallographic structure described above is as follows.
[0092]
In order to obtain the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment, the slab is heated under predetermined conditions, then hot-rolled, acceleratedly cooled to a predetermined temperature range, then gently cooled, and cooled until it is coiled. Controlling history is effective.
[0093]
In a suitable method for manufacturing a hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment, the following steps (1) to (7) are sequentially performed. The temperature of the slab and the temperature of the steel plate in this embodiment refer to the surface temperature of the slab and the surface temperature of the steel plate.
(1) The slab is held in the temperature range of 700 to 850°C for 900 seconds or longer, then further heated and held in the temperature range of 1100°C or higher for 6000 seconds or longer.
(2) Hot rolling is performed in a temperature range of 850 to 1100° C. so that the total thickness reduction is 90% or more.
(3) Hot rolling is completed so that the hot rolling completion temperature Tf becomes equal to or higher than the temperature T1 (° C.) represented by the following formula <1>.
(4) Within 1 second after the completion of hot rolling, after cooling to a temperature range of hot rolling completion temperature Tf-50 ° C. or less, accelerate to a temperature range of 600 to 730 ° C. at an average cooling rate of 50 ° C./s or more. Cooling.
However, cooling to a temperature range equal to or lower than the hot rolling completion temperature Tf-50°C within 1 second after the completion of hot rolling is a more preferable cooling condition.
(5) Slow cooling at an average cooling rate of less than 5°C/s in the temperature range of 600 to 730°C for 2.0 seconds or more.
(6) Cool to a temperature range of 600°C or less at an average cooling rate of 50°C/s or more.
(7) Winding in the temperature range of 400-600°C.
[0094]
T1 (°C) = 868 - 396 x [C] - 68.1 x [Mn] + 24.6 x [Si] - 36.1 x [Ni] - 24.8 x [Cr] - 20.7 x [Cu ]+250×[sol. Al] ... <1>
However, the [element symbol] in the above formula <1> indicates the content (mass%) of each element in the steel. If the element is not contained, 0 is substituted.
[0095]
(6-1) Slab, slab temperature and holding time when subjected to hot rolling
Slabs to be subjected to hot rolling can be slabs obtained by continuous casting, slabs obtained by casting / blooming, etc., and if necessary, hot or cold working is added to them. be able to.
[0096]
The slab to be hot-rolled is preferably held in the temperature range of 700 to 850°C during heating for 900 seconds or longer, then further heated and held in the temperature range of 1100°C or higher for 6000 seconds or longer. In addition, when the steel sheet is held in the temperature range of 700 to 850° C., the temperature of the steel sheet may be varied within this temperature range, or may be kept constant. In addition, when holding in the temperature range of 1100 ° C. or higher, the steel plate temperature may be varied at 1100 ° C. or higher and kept constant.may
[0097]
In the austenite transformation in the temperature range of 700 to 850°C, Mn is distributed between ferrite and austenite, and by lengthening the transformation time, Mn can diffuse within the ferrite region. As a result, the Mn microsegregation unevenly distributed in the slab can be eliminated, and the standard deviation of the Mn concentration can be significantly reduced. By reducing the standard deviation of the Mn concentration, in the final metal structure, the grain boundaries with a crystal orientation difference of 60 ° around the <110> direction can be uniformly dispersed, and the shear surface ratio can be stabilized. can do.
In addition, in order to make the austenite grains uniform during slab heating, it is preferable to heat the slab in a temperature range of 1100°C or higher for 6000 seconds or longer.
[0098]
For hot rolling, it is preferable to use a reverse mill or a tandem mill as multi-pass rolling. In particular, from the viewpoint of industrial productivity, it is more preferable to perform hot rolling using a tandem mill for at least the final several stages.
[0099]
(6-2) Reduction rate of hot rolling: Total thickness reduction of 90% or more in the temperature range of 850 to 1100 ° C
By performing hot rolling in a temperature range of 850 to 1100 ° C. so that the sheet thickness is reduced by 90% or more in total, the recrystallized austenite grains are mainly refined, and the inside of the non-recrystallized austenite grains is expanded. Accumulation of strain energy is promoted. In addition, the recrystallization of austenite is promoted and the atomic diffusion of Mn is promoted, so that the standard deviation of the Mn concentration can be reduced.
[0100]
By reducing the standard deviation of the Mn concentration, in the final metal structure, the grain boundaries with a crystal orientation difference of 60 ° around the <110> direction can be uniformly dispersed, and the shear surface ratio can be stabilized. can do. Therefore, it is preferable to carry out hot rolling in a temperature range of 850 to 1100° C. so that the total thickness reduction is 90% or more.
[0101]
The thickness reduction in the temperature range of 850 to 1100 ° C. means that the inlet thickness before the first pass in rolling in this temperature range is t0, and the outlet thickness after the final pass in rolling in this temperature range is t. When it is 1, it can be represented by (t 0 - t 1)/t 0 × 100 (%).
[0102]
(6-3) Hot rolling completion temperature Tf: T1 (°C) or higher
The hot rolling completion temperature Tf is preferably T1 (°C) or higher. By setting the hot rolling completion temperature Tf to T1 (° C.) or higher, an excessive increase in the number of ferrite nucleation sites in austenite can be suppressed, and the final structure (metal structure of the hot-rolled steel sheet after production) It is possible to suppress the formation of ferrite and obtain a high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet.
[0103]
(6-4) Within 1 second after the completion of hot rolling, cool to a temperature range of hot rolling completion temperature Tf-50 ° C. or less, and then cool to a temperature of 600 to 730 ° C. at an average cooling rate of 50 ° C./s or more. accelerated cooling down to
Within 1 second after the completion of hot rolling, cool to a temperature range of hot rolling completion temperature Tf-50 ° C. or less, and then accelerate cooling to a temperature range of 600 to 730 ° C. at an average cooling rate of 50 ° C./s or more. is preferred. However, cooling to a temperature range equal to or lower than the hot rolling completion temperature Tf-50° C. within 1 second after the completion of hot rolling is a more preferable cooling condition.
[0104]
In order to suppress the growth of austenite grains refined by hot rolling, it is cooled to 50 ° C. or more within 1 second after the completion of hot rolling, that is, within 1 second after the completion of hot rolling, the hot rolling completion temperature It is more preferable to cool to a temperature range of Tf-50°C or lower. In order to cool to a temperature range of the hot rolling completion temperature Tf-50 ° C. or less within 1 second after the completion of hot rolling, cooling with a high average cooling rate is performed immediately after the completion of hot rolling. should be injected into By cooling to a temperature range of Tf-50°C or less within 1 second after completion of hot rolling, the crystal grain size of the surface layer can be refined, and the resistance to internal bending cracks of the hot-rolled steel sheet can be enhanced.
[0105]
In addition, after the completion of hot rolling or after the above cooling, accelerated cooling to a temperature range of 730 ° C. or less at an average cooling rate of 50 ° C./s or more can suppress the formation of ferrite and pearlite with a small amount of precipitation strengthening. . This improves the strength of the hot-rolled steel sheet.
[0106]
The average cooling rate here means the temperature drop width of the steel plate from the start of accelerated cooling (when the steel plate is introduced into the cooling equipment) to the completion of accelerated cooling (when the steel plate is taken out from the cooling equipment). It is the value divided by the required time from the start to the completion of accelerated cooling.
[0107]
In cooling after the completion of hot rolling, if the average cooling rate during accelerated cooling to a temperature range of 600 to 730 ° C. is 50 ° C./s or more, the amount of precipitation strengthening inside the steel plate is small. Ferritic transformation and / or pearlite Transformation is suppressed and a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more can be obtained. Therefore, after completion of hot rolling, accelerated cooling is performed to a temperature range of 600 to 730° C. at an average cooling rate of 50° C./s or more.
[0108]
Although the upper limit of the average cooling rate is not specified, if the cooling rate is increased, the cooling equipment becomes large-scale and the equipment cost increases. For this reason, considering the equipment cost, 300° C./s or less is preferable.
[0109]
(6-5) In a temperature range of 600 to 730° C., slow cooling is performed for 2.0 seconds or more at an average cooling rate of less than 5° C./s.
By performing slow cooling at an average cooling rate of less than 5°C/s for 2.0 seconds or more in the temperature range of 600 to 730°C, precipitation-strengthened ferrite can be sufficiently precipitated. This makes it possible to achieve both strength and ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet.
[0110]
The average cooling rate referred to here is obtained by dividing the temperature drop width of the steel sheet from the cooling stop temperature of accelerated cooling to the slow cooling start temperature by the required time from the stop of accelerated cooling to the start of slow cooling. refers to value.
[0111]
When the time for slow cooling in the temperature range of 600 to 730°C is 2.0 seconds or more, the area fraction of precipitation-strengthened ferrite reaches a desired amount, and the above effect can be obtained. Therefore, in the temperature range of 600 to 730° C., slow cooling with an average cooling rate of less than 5° C./s is performed for 2.0 seconds or longer. The slow cooling time is preferably 3.0 seconds or longer, more preferably 4.0 seconds or longer.
[0112]
The upper limit of the slow cooling time is determined by the equipment layout, but it should be less than 10.0 seconds. Although the lower limit of the average cooling rate for slow cooling is not particularly set, it may be 0° C./s or more because increasing the temperature without cooling involves a large investment in equipment.
[0113]
(6-6) Average cooling rate up to a temperature range of 600 ° C. or less: 50 ° C./s or more
In order to suppress the area fraction of pearlite and obtain a tensile strength of 980 MPa or more, the average cooling rate from the cooling stop temperature of slow cooling to 600°C is set to 50°C/s or more. This makes it possible to harden the matrix structure.
[0114]
In addition, the average cooling rate here means the temperature drop range of the steel sheet from the cooling stop temperature of slow cooling where the average cooling rate is less than 5 ° C./s to the coiling temperature, and the average cooling rate is less than 5 ° C./s. It is the value obtained by dividing the time required from the stop of slow cooling to 600°C.
[0115]
When the average cooling rate is 50°C/s or more, the area fraction of pearlite is reduced, and the strength and ductility of the hot-rolled steel sheet are improved. Therefore, the average cooling rate from the slow cooling stop temperature of less than 5° C./s to the temperature range of 600° C. or lower is set to 50° C./s or more.
[0116]
(6-7) Winding temperature: 400-600°C
The winding temperature is in the temperature range of 400-600°C. By setting the coiling temperature to 400° C. or higher, the driving force for transformation from austenite to bcc can be reduced, and the deformation strength of austenite can be reduced. Therefore, when austenite transforms to bainite and martensite, the grain boundary length L7 having a crystal orientation difference of 7° with the <110> direction as an axis decreases, and the crystal orientation difference with the <110> direction as an axis is 60°, the L 60/L 7 can be 0.60 or more. As a result, the shear surface ratio can be stabilized.
[0117]
By setting the coiling temperature to 600°C or lower, the area fraction of ferrite can be made less than 60%, and the desired tensile strength can be obtained. Therefore, the winding temperature is preferably in the temperature range of 400-600.degree. The winding temperature is more preferably 450° C. or higher. Moreover, the winding temperature is more preferably 550° C. or lower.
Example
[0118]
Next, the effects of one aspect of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The present invention is not limited to this one conditional example. Various conditions can be adopted in the present invention as long as the objects of the present invention are achieved without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0119]
　Steel No. in Tables 1 and 2 Steels having chemical compositions shown in A to T were melted and slabs with a thickness of 240 to 300 mm were produced by continuous casting. Using the obtained slabs, the hot-rolled steel sheets shown in Table 4 were obtained under the manufacturing conditions shown in Table 3.
The slab was held in the temperature range of 700 to 850°C for the holding time shown in Table 3, and then further heated to the heating temperature shown in Table 3 and held. In addition, the average cooling rate of slow cooling was set to less than 5°C/s.
[0120]
For the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet, the area fraction of the metal structure, L60/L7, the standard deviation of the Mn concentration, and the average grain size of the surface layer were obtained by the above-described methods. Table 4 shows the measurement results obtained.
[0121]
　Evaluation method for the properties of hot-rolled steel sheets
(1) Tensile strength properties
Of the mechanical properties of the obtained hot-rolled steel sheet, the tensile strength properties (tensile strength TS and total elongation EL) were evaluated according to JIS Z 2241:2011. The test piece was JIS Z 2241:2011 No. 5 test piece. The tensile test piece was sampled from the 1/4 part from the edge in the width direction, and the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction was taken as the longitudinal direction.
[0122]
When the tensile strength TS≧980 MPa and the tensile strength TS×total elongation El≧15000 (MPa·%) were satisfied, the hot-rolled steel sheet was judged to be excellent in strength and ductility and passed. On the other hand, if either one of tensile strength TS ≥ 980 MPa and tensile strength TS x total elongation El ≥ 15000 (MPa %) was not satisfied, it was determined that the hot rolled steel sheet was not excellent in strength and ductility and was rejected. .
[0123]
(2) Shear workability
　The shear workability of hot-rolled steel sheets was evaluated by determining the amount of change in the shear surface ratio through a punching test. Five punched holes were made at the central position of the plate width with a hole diameter of 10 mm, a clearance of 15%, and a punching speed of 3 m/s. Next, 10 end faces parallel to the rolling direction (2 end faces per 1 punched hole) of the 5 punched holes were photographed with an optical microscope.
[0124]
In the observation photograph obtained, the end face as shown in FIG. 1(a) can be observed. As shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b), sagging, sheared surfaces, broken surfaces and burrs are observed on the end face after punching. In addition, FIG. 1(a) is a schematic view of an end face parallel to the rolling direction of the punched hole, and FIG. 1(b) is a schematic side view of the punched hole.
[0125]
A sag is an R-shaped smooth surface, a sheared surface is a punched end surface separated by shear deformation, and a fractured surface is a punched end surface separated by a crack generated near the cutting edge after shear deformation is completed, A burr is a surface having protrusions protruding from the lower surface of the hot-rolled steel sheet.
[0126]
In observation photographs of 10 end faces obtained from 5 end faces, the ratio of the sheared surface to the end face was measured, and the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the ratio (%) of the obtained sheared surface was the sheared surface ratio. was defined as the amount of change (%) in As shown in FIG. 1( a ), the ratio of the sheared surface to the end surface (sheared surface ratio) is obtained by drawing a straight line 1 perpendicular to the upper and lower surfaces of the hot rolled steel sheet in the observation photograph of the end surface, and determining the amount of sag on the straight line 1. The ratio of the length d2 of the sheared surface to the sum of the length d1, the length d2 of the sheared surface, the length d3 of the fractured surface and the length d4 of the burr (=d2/(d1+ It is obtained by calculating d2+d3+d4)×100).
[0127]
If the amount of change in the sheared surface ratio was 20% or less, the hot-rolled steel sheet was considered to have excellent shear workability and was judged to pass. On the other hand, if the amount of change in the sheared surface ratio exceeded 20%, the hot-rolled steel sheet was judged to be inferior in shear workability, and was determined to be unacceptable.
[0128]
(3) Bending inner crack resistance
As the bending test piece, a strip-shaped test piece of 100 mm x 30 mm was cut out from the 1/2 position in the width direction of the hot-rolled steel sheet, and the resistance to internal bending cracks was evaluated by the following bending test.
JIS Z 2248: 2014 (V-block 90° bending test), the resistance to internal bending cracks was investigated, the minimum bending radius that does not cause cracking was determined, and the average value R of the minimum bending radii of the L-axis and C-axis was taken as the plate thickness. The value obtained by dividing by t was defined as the limit bending R/t and used as an index value of bendability. When R/t≦2.5, it was determined that the hot-rolled steel sheet was excellent in resistance to internal bending cracks.
[0129]
However, for the presence or absence of cracks, the cross section of the test piece after the V-block 90° bending test is cut in a plane parallel to the bending direction and perpendicular to the plate surface. When the crack length observed inside the bending exceeded 30 µm, it was determined that there was a crack.
[0130]
[table 1]

[0131]
[Table 2]

[0132]
[Table 3]

[0133]
[Table 4]

[0134]
As can be seen from Table 4, production No. 1, which is an example of the present invention. At Nos. 1, 2, 6 and 13-25, hot-rolled steel sheets with excellent strength, ductility and shear workability were obtained. Furthermore, the production No. 1 having an average grain size of less than 3.0 μm in the surface layer. In Nos. 1, 2, 14 to 21 and 23 to 25, hot-rolled steel sheets having the above properties and further excellent resistance to internal bending cracks were obtained.
[0135]
On the other hand, production No., which is a comparative example. 3-5, 7-12 and 26-30 were inferior in one or more of strength, ductility and shear workability.
Industrial applicability
[0136]
According to the aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a hot-rolled steel sheet having excellent strength, ductility and shear workability. In addition, according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet that has the above properties and further suppresses the occurrence of internal bending cracks, that is, has excellent resistance to internal bending cracks. can.
[0137]
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention is suitable as an industrial material used for automobile members, mechanical structural members, and building members.
The scope of the claims
[Claim 1]
The chemical composition, in mass%,
C: 0.050 to 0.250%,
Si: 0.05 to 3.00%,
Mn: 1.00 to 4.00%,
one or more of Ti, Nb and V: 0.060 to 0.500% in total;
sol. Al: 0.001 to 2.000%,
P: 0.100% or less,
S: 0.0300% or less,
N: 0.1000% or less,
O: 0.0100% or less,
Cu: 0 to 2.00%,
Cr: 0 to 2.00%,
Mo: 0 to 1.00%,
Ni: 0 to 2.00%,
B: 0 to 0.0100%,
Ca: 0 to 0.0200%,
Mg: 0-0.0200%,
REM: 0 to 0.1000%,
Bi: 0 to 0.020%,
one or more of Zr, Co, Zn and W: 0 to 1.00% in total, and
Sn: contains 0 to 0.050%,
The balance consists of Fe and impurities,
The metal structure, in area%,
　　Retained austenite is less than 3.0%,
　　Ferrite is 15.0% or more and less than 60.0%,
　　Perlite is less than 5.0%,
With the <110> direction as the axis, L60/L7 is the ratio of the length L60 of the grain boundary where the crystal misorientation is 60° and the length L7 of the grain boundary where the crystal misorientation is 7°. is 0.60 or more,
the standard deviation of the Mn concentration is 0.60% by mass or less,
　Tensile strength is 980 MPa or more
A hot-rolled steel sheet characterized by:
[Claim 2]
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that the average grain size of the surface layer is less than 3.0 µm.
[Claim 3]
The chemical composition, in % by mass,
Cu: 0.01 to 2.00%,
Cr: 0.01 to 2.00%,
Mo: 0.01 to 1.00%,
Ni: 0.02 to 2.00%,
B: 0.0001 to 0.0100%,
Ca: 0.0005 to 0.0200%,
Mg: 0.0005-0.0200%,
REM: 0.0005-0.1000%, and
Bi: 0.0005 to 0.020%
containing one or more selected from the group consisting of
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: