Technical field
[0001]
The present invention relates to a high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet having excellent fatigue resistance.
This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-43962 filed in Japan on March 11, 2019, and the contents thereof are incorporated herein by reference.
Background technology
[0002]
The so-called hot-rolled steel sheet manufactured by hot rolling is widely used as a relatively inexpensive structural material and as a material for structural members of automobiles and industrial equipment. In particular, hot-rolled steel sheets used for undercarriage parts of automobiles are being strengthened from the viewpoints of weight reduction, durability, shock absorption, etc., and at the same time, they are important safety parts and therefore have excellent resistance. Fatigue characteristics are required.
[0003]
Fatigue cracks usually occur from the surface of a steel sheet, so efforts are being made to control the surface properties of the steel sheet to improve fatigue resistance.
[0004]
Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe a technique for improving the descaling property by raising the descaling temperature to a high temperature, reducing the surface roughness Ra of the steel sheet after pickling to 1.2 μm or less, and improving the fatigue resistance characteristics. It has been reported. Further, Patent Document 3 reports a technique of controlling the scale thickness before the start of finish rolling to reduce the roughness Ra of the base iron / scale interface to 1.5 μm or less and improve the fatigue resistance characteristics.
Prior art literature
Patent documents
[0005]
Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 4404004
Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 4518029
Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent No. 5471918
Outline of the invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
[0006]
On the other hand, the position where the fatigue crack is generated is considered to be the part having the smallest radius of curvature among the concave portions on the surface of the steel sheet, but the method of controlling the radius of curvature of this concave portion has not been shown by the conventional knowledge. ..
[0007]
In view of the above, the present invention has arrived at various forms shown below, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet having excellent tensile strength of 500 MPa or more and 1470 MPa or less and excellent fatigue resistance. .. More preferably, it is an object of the present invention to provide a high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet having the above-mentioned characteristics and excellent bending workability.
Means to solve problems
[0008]
(1) The hot-rolled steel sheet according to one aspect of the present invention has C: 0.030 to 0.250%, Si: 0.05 to 2.50%, Mn: 1.00 in mass% as a chemical component. ~ 4.00%, sol. Al: 0.001 to 2.000%, P: 0.100% or less, S: 0.0200% or less, N: 0.01000% or less, Ti: 0 to 0.20%, Nb: 0 to 0. 20%, B: 0 to 0.010%, V: 0 to 1.0%, Cr: 0 to 1.0%, Mo: 0 to 1.0%, Cu: 0 to 1.0%, Co: 0 to 1.0%, W: 0 to 1.0%, Ni: 0 to 1.0%, Ca: 0 to 0.01%, Mg: 0 to 0.01%, REM: 0 to 0.01 %, Zr: 0 to 0.01%, and balance: Fe and impurities are included, and the height profile of the surface is measured in the rolling direction and in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction in each of the five measurement ranges, and the respective heights are measured. In the profile, the height from the average height position, which is the average height position between the height position of the point with the highest height position and the height position of the recessed portion, which is the point with the lowest height position, to the recessed portion. When the distance in the vertical direction is R 1 (μm) and the average height of two measurement points separated from the recess by 5 μm in the rolling direction or in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction is R 2 (μm), the following formula is used. The average value of the radius of curvature r represented by (1) is 10 μm or more, and the tensile strength is 500 MPa or more.
R = (25+ | R 2-R 1 | 2) / 2 | R 2-R 1 | ... (1)
(2) In the hot-rolled steel sheet according to (1), the area ratio of the scale scratched portion may be 30% or less when the recessed portion having R 1 of 10 μm or more is used as the scale scratched portion.
(3) The hot-rolled steel sheet according to (1) or (2) has Ti: 0.001 to 0.20%, Nb: 0.001 to 0.2%, B in mass% as the chemical component. : 0.001 to 0.010%, V: 0.005 to 1.0%, Cr: 0.005 to 1.0%, Mo: 0.005 to 1.0%, Cu: 0.005 to 1 .0%, Co: 0.005 to 1.0%, W: 0.005 to 1.0%, Ni: 0.005 to 1.0%, Ca: 0.0003 to 0.01%, Mg: It may contain at least one species composed of the group consisting of 0.0003 to 0.01%, REM: 0.0003 to 0.01%, and Zr: 0.0003 to 0.01%.
The invention's effect
[0009]
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a hot-rolled steel sheet having excellent tensile strength of 500 MPa or more and 1470 MPa or less and excellent fatigue resistance can be obtained. Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet having the above-mentioned characteristics and having excellent bending workability, which can suppress the occurrence of internal bending cracks.
A brief description of the drawing
[0010]
[Fig. 1] (a) is a schematic view of a hot-rolled steel plate in a plan view, and FIG. 1 (b) is a side view of a hot-rolled steel plate when viewed from the plate thickness direction.
FIG. 2A is a schematic view of a hot-rolled steel plate in a plan view, and FIG. 2B is an example of 3D image data acquired from a hot-rolled steel plate.
Embodiment for carrying out the invention
[0011]
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below. However, the present invention is not limited to the configuration disclosed in the present embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In addition, the lower limit value and the upper limit value are included in the numerical limitation range described below. Numerical values ​​that indicate "greater than" or "less than" do not fall within the numerical range. "%" Regarding the content of each element means "mass%".
[0012]
First, the findings of the present inventors who came up with the present invention will be described.
[0013]
The present inventors conducted an intensive investigation on the fatigue resistance characteristics of high-strength steel sheets, and clarified that the time strength of fatigue increases when the radius of curvature of the recessed portion on the surface of the steel sheet exceeds a certain value. This mechanism is presumed as follows. When the steel sheet is repeatedly loaded, intrusion, which is the initial stage of fatigue cracking, is formed in the recessed portion on the surface of the steel sheet. The larger the radius of curvature of the recess, the smaller the stress concentration, so the stress concentration at the tip of the recess is relaxed, the formation of penetration is suppressed, and the occurrence of fatigue cracks is suppressed. Since it is difficult to alleviate such local stress concentration only by controlling the average roughness Ra and the maximum height roughness Rz, which have been conventionally used as indicators of surface roughness, the effect of improving fatigue resistance characteristics is achieved. It was sometimes difficult to obtain.
The present inventors have also found an effective hot rolling method for obtaining the radius of curvature of the above-mentioned recessed portion. The radius of curvature of the recess is characterized by the growth rate of the scale during hot rolling, and it has been clarified that this can be achieved by applying a water film on the surface of the steel sheet under certain conditions during hot rolling.
Furthermore, the present inventors also investigated the bending workability of high-strength steel sheets, and clarified that the higher the strength of the steel sheet, the more likely it is that cracks will occur from the inside of the bending during bending (hereinafter referred to as internal bending cracks). Call).
The mechanism of internal bending cracking is estimated as follows. During bending, compressive stress is generated inside the bend. At first, the entire inside of the bend is deformed uniformly while processing proceeds, but when the amount of processing increases, the deformation cannot be carried out only by uniform deformation, and the deformation progresses due to the concentration of strain locally (generation of shear deformation zone).
[0014]
As this shear band grows further, cracks along the shear band are generated from the inner surface of the bend and grow. The reason why internal bending cracks are more likely to occur as the strength increases is that uniform deformation is less likely to proceed due to the decrease in work hardening ability due to the increase in strength, and biased deformation is likely to occur at an early stage of processing ( It is presumed that a shear band is generated (or under loose processing conditions).
According to the research by the present inventors, bending internal cracking is likely to occur in a steel sheet having a tensile strength of 780 MPa class or higher, becomes remarkable in a steel sheet having a tensile strength of 980 MPa class or higher, and becomes a more remarkable problem in a steel sheet having a tensile strength of 1180 MPa class or higher. I understood. The present inventors have also found that even in a steel sheet of 500 MPa or more, internal bending cracking may become a problem when the processing amount is large.
[0015]
1. 1. Chemical composition
Hereinafter, the component composition of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment will be described in detail. The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment contains a basic element as a chemical component, and if necessary, a selective element, and the balance is composed of Fe and impurities.
[0016]
Of the chemical components of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to this embodiment, C, Si, Mn, and Al are the basic elements (main alloying elements).
[0017]
(C: 0.030% or more and 0.250% or less)
C is an important element for ensuring the strength of the steel sheet. If the C content is less than 0.030%, the tensile strength of 500 MPa or more cannot be secured. Therefore, the C content is 0.030% or more, preferably 0.050% or more.
On the other hand, if the C content exceeds 0.250%, the weldability deteriorates, so the upper limit is set to 0.250%. The C content is preferably 0.200% or less, more preferably 0.150% or less.
[0018]
(Si: 0.05% or more and 2.50% or less)
Si is an important element that can increase the material strength by strengthening the solid solution. If the Si content is less than 0.05%, the yield strength will decrease, so the Si content should be 0.05% or more. The Si content is preferably 0.10% or more, more preferably 0.30% or more.
On the other hand, if the Si content exceeds 2.50%, the surface texture deteriorates, so the Si content should be 2.50% or less. The Si content is preferably 2.00% or less, more preferably 1.50% or less.
[0019]
(Mn: 1.00% or more and 4.00% or less)
Mn is an effective element for increasing the mechanical strength of steel sheets. If the Mn content is less than 1.00%, it is not possible to secure a tensile strength of 500 MPa or more, which is not preferable. Therefore, the Mn content is set to 1.00% or more. The Mn content is preferably 1.50% or more, more preferably 2.00% or more.
On the other hand, if Mn is added excessively, the structure becomes non-uniform due to Mn segregation and the bending workability is deteriorated, which is not preferable. Therefore, the Mn content is 4.00% or less, preferably 3.00% or less, and more preferably 2.60% or less.
[0020]
(Sol.Al: 0.001% or more and 2.000% or less)
Al is an element that has the effect of deoxidizing steel and making the steel sheet sound. sol. If the Al content is less than 0.001%, it cannot be sufficiently deoxidized. The Al content is 0.001% or more. However, if deoxidation is sufficiently required, it is more desirable to add 0.01% or more. More preferably, sol. The Al content is 0.02% or more.
On the other hand, sol. If the Al content exceeds 2.000%, the weldability is significantly reduced, and the oxide-based inclusions are increased, resulting in significant deterioration of the surface texture, which is not preferable. Therefore, sol. The Al content is 2.000% or less, preferably 1.500% or less, and more preferably 1.000% or less. During hot rolling, two-phase rolling occurs and the ductility may decrease due to the processed ferrite structure. The Al content is more preferably 0.300% or less. An oxide-containing layer of Al remains on the surface after pickling, which may deteriorate the chemical conversion treatment property. The Al content is more preferably 0.150% or less. Since there is a concern about the occurrence of sliver defects due to the oxide-containing layer of Al on the surface, sol. The Al content is most preferably 0.080% or less.
In addition, sol. Al means an acid-soluble Al that is not an oxide such as Al 2O 3 and is soluble in an acid.
[0021]
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to this embodiment contains impurities as a chemical component. The term "impurity" refers to a substance mixed from ore or scrap as a raw material, or from the manufacturing environment, etc., when steel is industrially manufactured. For example, it means an element such as P, S, N and the like. These impurities are preferably limited as follows in order to fully exert the effects of the present embodiment. It also contains impurities Since it is preferable that the amount is small, it is not necessary to limit the lower limit value, and the lower limit value of the impurity may be 0%.
[0022]
(P: 0.100% or less)
P is generally an impurity contained in steel, but since it has an effect of increasing tensile strength, P may be positively contained. However, if the P content exceeds 0.100%, the weldability is significantly deteriorated, which is not preferable. Therefore, the P content is limited to 0.100% or less. The P content is preferably limited to 0.050% or less. In order to obtain the effect of the above action more reliably, the P content may be 0.001% or more.
[0023]
(S: 0.0200% or less)
S is an impurity contained in steel, and it is preferable that the amount is less from the viewpoint of weldability. If the S content exceeds 0.0200%, the weldability is significantly lowered, the precipitation amount of MnS is increased, and the low temperature toughness is lowered, which is not preferable. Therefore, the S content is limited to 0.0200% or less. The S content is preferably limited to 0.0100% or less, more preferably 0.0050% or less. From the viewpoint of desulfurization cost, the S content may be 0.001% or more.
[0024]
(N: 0.01000% or less)
N is an impurity contained in steel, and the smaller it is, the more preferable it is from the viewpoint of weldability. If the N content exceeds 0.01000%, the weldability is significantly reduced, which is not preferable. Therefore, the N content may be limited to 0.01000% or less, preferably 0.00500% or less.
[0025]
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment may contain selective elements in addition to the basic elements and impurities described above. For example, instead of a part of Fe which is the balance described above, Ti, Nb, B, V, Cr, Mo, Cu, Co, W, Ni, Ca, Mg, REM, and Zr are contained as selective elements. May be good. These selective elements may be contained according to the purpose. Therefore, it is not necessary to limit the lower limit of these selective elements, and the lower limit may be 0%. Further, even if these selective elements are contained as impurities, the above effects are not impaired.
[0026]
(Ti: 0% or more and 0.20% or less)
Ti is an element that, as TiC, precipitates on the ferrite or bainite of the steel sheet structure during cooling or winding of the steel sheet and contributes to the improvement of strength. Further, when Ti exceeds 0.20%, the above effect is saturated and the economic efficiency is lowered. Therefore, the Ti content is 0.20% or less. The Ti content is preferably 0.18% or less, more preferably 0.15% or less. In order to obtain the above effect preferably, the Ti content may be 0.001% or more. It is preferably 0.02% or more.
[0027]
(Nb: 0% or more and 0.20% or less)
Like Ti, Nb is an element that precipitates as NbC, improves the strength, remarkably suppresses the recrystallization of austenite, and refines the grain size of ferrite. When Nb exceeds 0.20%, the above effects are saturated and economic efficiency is reduced. Therefore, the Nb content is set to 0.20% or less. It is preferably 0.15% or less, more preferably 0.10% or less. In order to obtain the above effect preferably, the Nb content may be 0.001% or more. It is preferably 0.005% or more.
[0028]
In the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment, at least one of Ti: 0.001% or more and 0.20% or less and Nb: 0.001% or more and 0.20% or less in terms of mass% as a chemical component. It is preferable to contain one kind.
[0029]
(B: 0% or more and 0.010% or less)
B segregates at the grain boundaries to improve the grain boundary strength, so that the roughness of the punched cross section at the time of punching can be suppressed. Therefore, B may be contained. Even if the B content exceeds 0.010%, the above effect is saturated and economically disadvantageous. Therefore, the upper limit of the B content is 0.010% or less. The B content is preferably 0.005% or less, more preferably 0.003% or less. In order to obtain the above effect preferably, the B content may be 0.001% or more.
[0030]
(V: 0% or more and 1.0% or less) (Cr: 0% or more and 1.0% or less) (Mo: 0% or more and 1.0% or less) (Cu: 0% or more and 1.0% or less) (Co : 0% or more and 1.0% or less) (W: 0% or more and 1.0% or less) (Ni: 0% or more and 1.0% or less)
V, Cr, Mo, Cu, Co, W, and Ni are all elements that are effective in ensuring stable strength. Therefore, these elements may be contained. However, even if each of the elements is contained in an amount of more than 1.0%, the effect of the above action is likely to be saturated and may be economically disadvantageous. Therefore, the V content, Cr content, Mo content, Cu content, Co content, W content, and Ni content are preferably 1.0% or less, respectively. In order to obtain the effect of the above action more reliably, V: 0.005% or more, Cr: 0.005% or more, Mo: 0.005% or more, Cu: 0.005% or more, Co: 0. It is preferable that it contains at least one of 005% or more, W: 0.005% or more, and Ni: 0.005% or more.
[0031]
(Ca: 0% or more and 0.01% or less) (Mg: 0% or more and 0.01% or less) (REM: 0% or more and 0.01% or less) (Zr: 0% or more and 0.01% or less)
Ca, Mg, REM, and Zr are all elements that contribute to the control of inclusions, especially the fine dispersion of inclusions, and have the effect of increasing toughness. Therefore, one or more of these elements may be contained. However, if each of the elements is contained in an amount of more than 0.01%, deterioration of the surface texture may become apparent. Therefore, the content of each element is preferably 0.01% or less. In order to obtain the effect of the above action more reliably, it is preferable that the content of at least one of these elements is 0.0003% or more.
Here, REM refers to a total of 17 elements of Sc, Y and lanthanoid, and is at least one of them. The content of REM means the total content of at least one of these elements. In the case of lanthanoids, they are industrially added in the form of misch metal.
[0032]
In the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment, as chemical components, Ca: 0.0003% or more and 0.01% or less, Mg: 0.0003% or more and 0.01% or less, REM: 0. It is preferable to contain at least one of 0003% or more and 0.01% or less, and Zr: 0.0003% or more and 0.01% or less.
[0033]
The above-mentioned steel composition may be measured by a general analysis method for steel. For example, the steel component may be measured using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrum). In addition, C and S may be measured by using the combustion-infrared absorption method, N by using the inert gas melting-heat conductivity method, and O by using the inert gas melting-non-dispersive infrared absorption method.
[0034]
2. Surface texture
In the surface texture of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to this embodiment, it is important to control the radius of curvature of the recessed portion. The method of obtaining the radius of curvature r (unit: μm) of the recessed portion is as follows. Using a contact roughness meter or a non-contact roughness meter, with a length of 4 mm or more at intervals of 10 mm or more with respect to the rolling direction (L direction) of the steel sheet and the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction (C direction). The height profile is measured at any 5 points. With respect to the obtained total of 10 height profiles, the place where the height is the lowest is regarded as the recessed portion H, and the radius of curvature r of the total of 10 recessed portions H is measured. The radius of curvature r (unit: μm) of each recess H is the average height R 2 (unit: μm) of the height R 1 (μm) of the recess H and the heights of two measurement points 5 μm apart from the recess on the height profile. Using μm), it is calculated by the following formula (1).
R = (25+ | R 2-R 1 | 2) / 2 | R 2-R 1 | ... (1)
FIG. 1A is a schematic view of the plate surface of the hot-rolled steel sheet 100 when viewed in a plan view, and FIG. 1B is a side view when viewed from the plate thickness direction. Here, X represents a rolling direction (L direction) or a direction perpendicular to the rolling direction (C direction), and Y represents a direction perpendicular to X.
As shown in FIG. 1 (b), "height R 1 of the recessed portion" is the average of the highest height position and the lowest height position (recessed portion H) in the height profile. When the height position is the average height position I, the distance in the height direction from the average height position I to the recessed portion H is expressed in units of μm. Further, "two measurement points 5 μm away from the recess H on the height profile" are points A and B shown in FIG. 1, and if the height profile is a profile in the rolling direction of the steel plate, Two measurement points separated from the recess in the rolling direction by 5 μm, and if the height profile is a profile perpendicular to the rolling direction of the steel plate, two measurement points separated from the recess in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction by 5 μm. Represents. R 2 is an average value of the height R 21 of the point A and the height R 22 of the point B. Further, the above-mentioned "distance" represents an absolute value of the distance in the height direction from the average height position I, and the direction thereof does not matter.
[0035]
As a result of diligent studies by the present inventors, in a steel sheet having an average value of the radius of curvature r at 10 points measured at 10 μm or more, the time strength of 200,000 times of fatigue is good regardless of the steel sheet structure of the base material. I found. Preferably, the average value of the radius of curvature r is 16 μm or more, more preferably 21 μm or more.
[0036]
Further, the surface texture of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment is a case where a recessed portion having a depth (R1 of the above formula (1)) of 10 μm or more (a recessed portion having a depth of 10 μm or more is referred to as a scale scratched portion). It is desirable that the area ratio of (there is) is 30% or less. If the area ratio of the scale scratched portion exceeds 30%, strain concentration occurs locally in the scale scratched portion at the initial stage of bending, which causes cracks in the bending inner crack, which is not preferable.
[0037]
The detailed definition of the scale scratch is as follows. Using a device such as a digital microscope (for example, RH-2000 (manufactured by Hirox Co., Ltd.)) that acquires the target 3D image data by analyzing the depth of focus, 3D image data in the range of 3000 μm × 3000 μm on the surface of the hot-rolled steel sheet can be obtained. get.
FIG. 2A is a schematic view when the plate surface of the hot-rolled steel sheet 100 is viewed in a plan view, and FIG. 2B is an example of 3D image data acquired from the hot-rolled steel sheet 100. In the image shown in FIG. 2B, the average height position between the highest height position and the lowest height position is defined as the average height position I, and the height position is higher than the average height position I. A region as low as 10 μm or more is defined as the scale scratched portion 10, and the surface surface of the scale scratched portion 10 is measured by an apparatus for acquiring 3D image data. The area of ​​the scale scratched portion 10 by dividing the surface area of ​​all the scale scratched portions 10 included in the range by the total surface area of ​​the range using the 3D image data in the range of the surface of the hot-rolled steel sheet 100 of 3000 μm × 3000 μm. Calculate the rate.
That is, if there is no region whose height position is 10 μm or more lower than the average height position within the range of 3000 μm × 3000 μm, there is no scale scratched portion within that range.
[0038]
3. 3. Steel plate structure
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment may have any phase of ferrite, pearlite, bainite, fresh martensite and tempered martensite, pearlite, retained austenite, etc. as a constituent phase of the steel structure, and has a structure. A compound such as martensite may be contained therein.
For example, in terms of area%, ferrite of 80% or less, bainite or martensite of 0 to 100%, and retained austenite: 25% or less, pearlite: 5% or less can be contained.
[0039]
4. Mechanical characteristics
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to this embodiment has a tensile strength (TS) of 500 MPa or more as a sufficient strength that contributes to weight reduction of automobiles. On the other hand, since it is difficult to make it more than 1470 MPa in the configuration of this embodiment, the upper limit of the substantial tensile strength is 1470 MPa or less. for that reason,The upper limit of the tensile strength does not need to be set in particular, but in the present embodiment, the upper limit of the substantial tensile strength can be 1470 MPa.
The tensile test may be performed in accordance with JIS Z2241 (2011).
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to this embodiment has excellent fatigue resistance. Therefore, the test piece described in JIS Z2275 is collected from the position of 1/4 of the width direction of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment so that the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction (C direction) is the longitudinal direction. When a plane bending fatigue test based on Z2275 is carried out and the time strength is set to 200,000 times so that the number of repeated fractures is 200,000 times, the time strength of 200,000 times is 450 MPa or more or the tensile strength. 55% or more of.
Further, it is preferable that the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment has excellent bending workability. Therefore, in the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the value of the limit bending R / t, which is an index value of the bending internal crackability, is 2.5 or less. The R / t value is, for example, bending (L-axis bending) in which a strip-shaped test piece is cut out from the width direction 1/2 position of the hot-rolled steel sheet and the bending ridge line is parallel to the rolling direction (L direction). Bending is performed in accordance with JIS Z2248 (V block 90 ° bending test) for both bending (C-axis bending) in which the bending ridge is parallel to the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction (C direction), and occurs inside the bending. The cracks can be investigated and found. The minimum bending radius at which cracks do not occur can be obtained, and the value obtained by dividing the average value of the minimum bending radii of the L axis and the C axis by the plate thickness can be used as the index value of bending workability as the limit bending R / t.
[0040]
5. Production method
Next, a preferable manufacturing method of the hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present embodiment will be described.
[0041]
The manufacturing process prior to hot rolling is not particularly limited. That is, after melting in a blast furnace, an electric furnace, or the like, various secondary smelting may be performed, and then casting may be performed by a method such as ordinary continuous casting, casting by an ingot method, or thin slab casting. In the case of continuous casting, the cast slab may be cooled to a low temperature once and then heated again and then hot-rolled, or the cast slab may be hot-rolled as it is after casting without being cooled to a low temperature. .. Scrap may be used as a raw material.
[0042]
The cast slab is heated. In this heating step, the slab is heated to a temperature of 1100 ° C. or higher and 1300 ° C. or lower, and then held for 30 minutes or longer. When Ti or Nb is added, it is heated to a temperature of 1200 ° C. or higher and 1300 ° C. or lower, and then held for 30 minutes or longer. If the heating temperature is less than 1200 ° C., the precipitate elements Ti and Nb are not sufficiently dissolved, so that sufficient precipitation strengthening cannot be obtained during subsequent hot rolling, and the precipitate remains as a coarse carbide, resulting in formability. It is not preferable because it deteriorates. Therefore, when Ti and Nb are contained, the heating temperature of the slab is set to 1200 ° C. or higher. On the other hand, when the heating temperature exceeds 1300 ° C., the amount of scale generated increases and the yield decreases, so the heating temperature is set to 1300 ° C. or lower. The heating and holding time is preferably 30 minutes or more in order to sufficiently dissolve Ti and Nb. Further, in order to suppress excessive scale loss, the heating and holding time is preferably 10 hours or less, and more preferably 5 hours or less.
[0043]
Next, a rough rolling process is performed in which the heated slab is roughly rolled to form a rough rolled plate.
For rough rolling, the slab may have a desired size and shape, and the conditions are not particularly limited. The thickness of the rough-rolled plate affects the amount of temperature drop from the tip to the tail of the hot-rolled plate from the start of rolling to the end of rolling in the finish rolling process, so it should be determined in consideration of this. Is preferable.
[0044]
Finish rolling is applied to the rough rolled plate. In this finish rolling process, multi-step finish rolling is performed. In this embodiment, finish rolling is performed in a temperature range of 1200 ° C to 850 ° C under the condition of satisfying the following formula (2).
F ≧ 0.5 ・ ・ ・ (2)
F is the total time (xy seconds) excluding the time (y seconds) in which the steel sheet is in contact with the roll among the time (x seconds) from the start to the completion of finish rolling, and the surface of the steel sheet is a water film. The ratio of the time (z seconds) covered with is shown. That is, it is represented by F = z / (xy).
The scale that grows during finish rolling can also cause the formation of dents in the steel sheet, but since the growth can be suppressed by covering the surface of the steel sheet with a water film, it takes a long time to cover the surface of the steel sheet with the water film. So desirable. If F ≧ 0.5 is satisfied, a good time intensity of fatigue can be obtained, preferably F ≧ 0.6, and even more preferably F ≧ 0.7.
The method of covering the surface of the steel sheet with a water film includes spraying water between the rolls.
[0045]
In addition, it is desirable to satisfy the following formula (3) in finish rolling.
K / Si * ≧ 1.2 ・ ・ ・ (3)
Here, when Si ≧ 0.35, Si * = 140√Si, and when Si <0.35, Si * = 80. In addition, Si represents the Si content (mass%) of the steel sheet.
Si * is a parameter related to the steel sheet component that indicates the ease of forming a dent. When the amount of Si in the steel sheet component is large, the scale generated on the surface layer during hot rolling grows from Wustite (FeO), which is relatively easy to descale and difficult to form dents in the steel sheet, and dents so as to take root in the steel sheet. It changes to fire light (Fe 2SiO 4), which makes it easy to make parts. Therefore, the larger the amount of Si, that is, the larger the Si *, the easier it is for a recess to be formed. Here, the ease of forming the recessed portion by adding Si becomes particularly remarkable when 0.35% by mass or more of Si is added. Therefore, when 0.35% by mass or more is added, Si * becomes a function of Si, but when it is less than 0.35% by mass, it becomes a constant.
[0046]
Further, K in the above formula (3) is represented by the following formula (4). K = Σ ((FT n-930) × Sn) ... (4)
Here, FT n is the temperature (° C.) of the steel sheet in the nth stage of the finish rolling, and Sn is the time per hour when water is sprayed onto the steel sheet between the n-1st stage and the nth stage of the finish rolling. The amount of spraying (m 3 / min).
K is a parameter of manufacturing conditions indicating the difficulty of forming a dent. K is a term indicating the effect of descaling a scale that could not be completely peeled off by descaling before finishing or a scale reformed during finish rolling during finish rolling, and a large amount of water at a high temperature. Is shown to be easier to descale by spraying on the steel sheet.
Considering the mechanism of descaling control, the original parameter of the manufacturing conditions indicating the difficulty of forming scale scratches is the product of "parameters related to temperature" and "parameters related to the amount of water sprayed", and finish rolling is performed. It is considered to be integrated in the temperature range to be performed. This is due to the idea of ​​promoting descaling by spraying more water at higher temperatures.
In order to make the parameters simpler in controlling the manufacturing conditions, the present inventors use the parameter K (Equation 4) corresponding to summing up the above-mentioned original parameters divided between each roll. It has been found that the surface roughness can be controlled. Here, it is conceivable that the parameter K differs from the above-mentioned original parameter depending on the number of stands of the finish rolling mill, the distance between rolls, and the plate passing speed. However, the present inventors set the above parameter K within the range of 5 to 8 finish rolling stands, a distance between rolls of 4500 mm to 7000 mm, and a plate passing speed (speed after passing the final stage) of 400 to 900 mmp. It has been confirmed that the surface roughness can be controlled by using it.
[0047]
As shown in the above formula (3), if the ratio of the parameter K of the manufacturing conditions indicating the difficulty of forming the dent and the parameter Si * of the steel plate component indicating the ease of forming the dent is 1.2 or more. The area ratio of the scale scratched portion can be set to less than 30%, and the generation of cracks inside the bending can be suppressed.
When K / Si * ≧ 1.2 is satisfied at the same time as F ≧ 0.5, the area ratio of the scale scratched part can be reduced and the occurrence of cracks inside the bend can be further suppressed as compared with the case where only F ≧ 0.5 is satisfied. Therefore, it is preferable.
[0048]
Following the finish rolling, a cooling process and a winding process are performed.
Since the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present embodiment achieves the above-mentioned suitable characteristics by controlling the surface texture rather than controlling the base structure, the conditions of the cooling step and the winding step are not particularly limited. Therefore, the cooling step and the winding step after the multi-step finish rolling may be performed by a conventional method.
[0049]
The hot-rolled steel sheet may be pickled if necessary after cooling. The pickling treatment may be carried out, for example, in hydrochloric acid having a concentration of 3 to 10% at a temperature of 85 ° C. to 98 ° C. for 20 seconds to 100 seconds.
[0050]
The hot-rolled steel sheet may be subjected to skin pass rolling if necessary after cooling. Skin pass rolling has the effects of preventing stretcher strains that occur during machining and shaping, and of shape correction.
Example
[0051]
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to an example. However, the following examples are examples of the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention, and the hot-rolled steel sheet of the present invention is not limited to the following aspects. The conditions in the examples described below are one condition example adopted for confirming the feasibility and effect of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these one condition examples. The present invention can adopt various conditions as long as the gist of the present invention is not deviated and the object of the present invention is achieved.
[0052]
Steels with the chemical components shown in Table 1 are cast, and after casting, they are heated as they are or once cooled to room temperature and then reheated to a temperature range of 1200 ° C to 1300 ° C, and then at a temperature of 1100 ° C or higher, Table 2 The slab was roughly rolled to the rough-rolled plate thickness shown in Table 3 to prepare a rough-rolled plate.
The rough-rolled plate was finished-rolled using the following three types of finish-rolling machines.
Rolling machine A: 7 stands, distance between rolls 5500 mm, plate passing speed 700 mpm
Rolling machine B: 6 stands, distance between rolls 5500 mm, plate passing speed 600 mpm
Rolling machine C: 7 stands, distance between rolls 6000 mm, plate passing speed 700 mpm
Tables 2 and 3 show the temperature FT n of the nth stage of finish rolling, and the amount of spraying per hour when water is sprayed onto the steel plate between the n-1st and nth stages of finish rolling ( m 3 / min) Sn is shown in Tables 4 and 5. The finish rolling mills used are also shown in Tables 4 and 5.
After the finish rolling was completed, cooling and winding were performed with each cooling pattern shown below with the aim of making the hot-rolled plate structure bainite, ferrite-bainite, and martensite.
[0053]
(Bainite pattern: cooling pattern B)
The hot-rolled steel sheet produced by this pattern is subjected to a cooling process and a winding process in which the hot-rolled steel sheet is cooled to a winding temperature of 450 ° C to 550 ° C at a cooling rate of 20 ° C./sec or higher after finish rolling, and then wound into a coil. bottom.
[0054]
(Ferrite-bainite pattern: cooling pattern F + B)
After finish rolling, the hot-rolled steel sheet produced by this pattern is cooled to a cooling stop temperature range of 600 to 750 ° C at an average cooling rate of 20 ° C / sec or higher, and held within the cooling stop temperature range for 2 to 4 seconds. Further, it was obtained by performing a cooling step and a winding step of winding in a coil shape at a winding temperature of 500 to 600 ° C. at an average cooling rate of 20 ° C./sec or more. When it is necessary to clearly determine the temperature, holding time, etc. in this step, the temperature and time are set using the Ar3 temperature of the following formula. In the following formula, C, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Mo represent the content of each element in the unit: mass%.
Ar3 (° C) = 870-390C + 24Si-70Mn-50Ni-5Cr-20Cu + 80Mo
[0055]
(Martensite pattern: cooling pattern Ms)
After the finish rolling is completed, the hot-rolled steel sheet produced by this pattern is cooled to a winding temperature of 100 ° C or less at an average cooling rate of 20 ° C / sec or more, and then wound into a coil. Manufactured by rolling.
[0056]
Hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 3 to 10% for each hot-rolled steel sheet Was pickled at a temperature of 85 ° C. to 98 ° C. for 20 seconds to 100 seconds to peel off the scale.
The radius of curvature of the dent was measured as follows. Using a contact roughness meter, height profiles were measured at 5 points each with a length of 4 mm or more at intervals of 10 mm or more with respect to the rolling direction of the steel sheet and the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction, and defined above. The radius of curvature of the recess was calculated.
The area ratio of the scale scratches was measured as follows. Using a microscope (RH-2000 manufactured by Hirox Co., Ltd.), 3D image data in the range of 3000 μm × 3000 μm on the surface of the hot-rolled steel sheet was acquired, and the area ratio of the scale scratched portion defined above was calculated.
[0057]

The tensile strength is JIS Z 2241 (2011) using the JIS No. 5 test piece collected so that the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction (C direction) is the longitudinal direction from the position of 1/4 of the width direction of the hot-rolled steel sheet. ), A tensile test was carried out to determine the maximum tensile strength TS (MPa) and the butt elongation (total elongation) EL (%). When TS ≧ 500 MPa was satisfied, it was judged as a high-strength hot-rolled steel sheet and passed.
Fatigue strength is determined by collecting the test pieces described in JIS Z 2275 so that the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction (C direction) is the longitudinal direction from the position of 1/4 of the width direction of the hot-rolled steel sheet, and the fatigue strength is set to JIS Z 2275. Obtained by conducting a conforming plane bending fatigue test. The time strength at which the number of repeated breaks was 200,000 was defined as the time strength of 200,000 times. When the time strength of 200,000 times was 450 MPa or more or 55% or more of the tensile strength, it was judged as a hot-rolled steel sheet having excellent fatigue resistance and passed.
[0058]
For the bending test piece, a strip-shaped test piece of 100 mm × 30 mm was cut out from the 1/2 position in the width direction of the hot-rolled steel sheet and used for the following test.
Z2248 (Z2248) for both bending where the bending ridge is parallel to the rolling direction (L direction) (L-axis bending) and bending where the bending ridge is parallel to the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction (C direction) (C-axis bending). Bending workability was investigated in accordance with the V block 90 ° bending test), the minimum bending radius without cracks was obtained, and the value obtained by dividing the average value of the minimum bending radii of the L-axis and C-axis by the plate thickness was the limit bending. The index value of bendability was set as R / t. When R / t ≦ 2.5, it was determined that the hot-rolled steel sheet had excellent bending workability.
However, the presence or absence of cracks is determined by mirror-polishing the cross section of the test piece after the V block 90 ° bending test cut on a surface parallel to the bending direction and perpendicular to the plate surface, and then observing the cracks with an optical microscope. When the crack length observed inside the bend exceeds 30 μm, it is judged that there is a crack.
[0059]
[table 1]

[0060]
[Table 2]

[0061]
[Table 3]

[0062]
[Table 4]

[0063]
[Table 5]

[0064]
[Table 6]

[0065]
[Table 7]

[0066]
As shown in Tables 1 to 7, all the mechanical properties were suitable in the examples satisfying the conditions of the present invention. On the other hand, in the comparative example in which at least one of the conditions of the present invention is not satisfied, one or more mechanical properties are not suitable.
Code description
[0067]
X Rolling direction (L direction) or direction perpendicular to the rolling direction (C direction)
Y, direction perpendicular to X
T plate thickness direction
H dented part
I Average height position
R 1 Height of recess H
R 2 Average height of two points 5 μm away from the recess H
10 Scale scratches
100 hot-rolled steel sheet
The scope of the claims
[Claim 1]
As a chemical component, by mass%,
C: 0.030 to 0.250%,
Si: 0.05-2.50%,
Mn: 1.00 to 4.00%,
Sol. Al: 0.001 to 2.000%,
P: 0.100% or less,
S: 0.0200% or less,
N: 0.01000% or less,
Ti: 0 to 0.20%,
Nb: 0 to 0.20%,
B: 0 to 0.010%,
V: 0-1.0%,
Cr: 0-1.0%,
Mo: 0-1.0%,
Cu: 0-1.0%,
Co: 0-1.0%,
W: 0-1.0%,
Ni: 0-1.0%,
Ca: 0-0.01%,
Mg: 0-0.01%,
REM: 0-0.01%,
Zr: 0 to 0.01%, and
Remaining: Contains Fe and impurities,
The height profile of the surface is measured in the rolling direction and the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction in each of the five measurement ranges, and the height position and the highest position of the point having the highest height position are measured in each of the height profiles. The distance in the height direction from the average height position, which is the average height position to the height position of the recessed portion, which is a low point, to the recessed portion is R1 (μm), and the rolling direction or the rolling direction from the recessed portion or the above. When the average height of two measurement points separated by 5 μm in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction is R 2 (μm), the average value of the radius of curvature r represented by the following equation (1) is 10 μm or more.
A hot-rolled steel sheet characterized by a tensile strength of 500 MPa or more.
R = (25+ | R 2-R 1 | 2) / 2 | R 2-R 1 | ... (1)
[Claim 2]
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein when the recessed portion having R 1 of 10 μm or more is used as a scale scratched portion, the area ratio of the scale scratched portion is 30% or less.
[Claim 3]
As the chemical component, in mass%,
Ti: 0.001 to 0.20%,
Nb: 0.001 to 0.20%,
B: 0.001 to 0.010%,
V: 0.005 to 1.0%,
Cr: 0.005 to 1.0%,
Mo: 0.005-1.0%,
Cu: 0.005 to 1.0%,
Co: 0.005-1.0%,
W: 0.005 to 1.0%,
Ni: 0.005 to 1.0%,
Ca: 0.0003-0.01%,
Mg: 0.0003-0.01%,
REM: 0.0003-0.01%,
Zr: 0.0003-0.01%
The hot-rolled steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hot-rolled steel sheet contains at least one kind composed of the group consisting of.