This invention relates to a I.V. Catheter and, in particular, to an I.V. Catheter with
an inbuilt device to prevent Blood Back Flow. In particular, the intravenous
catheter device for the invention has been provided to prevent back flow of blood
after cannulation and at the time of withdrawal of needle.
BACKGROUND ART
It is well known that when cannulation is done i.e. when needle is inserted in the
vein of a patient, blood comes out into the plastic tubing in which the needle is
fitted. The purpose of cannulation is to leave the plastic tubing inside the vein and
the needle is withdrawn and disposed off. In this process, blood rushes into the
tube and body of the I.V. Catheter and even comes out.
To prevent this, paramedical staff presses the vein to avoid rush of blood. This
method is too primitive, uncertain and ineffective in many cases.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of this invention is to provide an I.V. Catheter which would by its
own mechanism prevent such rush of blood after cannulation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Thus according to the basic aspect of the present invention there is provided an
intravenous (I.V.) Catheter with inbuilt device to prevent blood back flow
comprising:
The I.V. Catheter comprises of a body, a needle hub capable of holding the needle
in a manner that the non sharp end of the needle is fitted inside the needle hub and

sharp end is used for cannulation. The needle passes into the plastic tubing for the
purpose of cannulation.
The details of the invention, its objects and advantages are explained hereunder in
greater detail in relation to non-limiting exemplary illustration as per the
following accompanying figures:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING FIGURES
Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of the intravenous (I.V.) Catheter.
Figure 2 is the complete intravenous (I.V.) Catheter wherein the individual parts
have been numbered as below:
1. Portion marked as 1 is plastic tubing.
2. Portion marked as 2 is body of the I.V. Catheter.
3. Portion marked as 3 is needle.
4. Portion marked as 4 is Catheter holder.
5. Portion marked as 5 is needle hub.
6. Portion marked as 6 is washer Numbered as I.
7. Portion marked as 7 is washer Numbered as II.
8. Portion marked as 8 is ball.
Figure 3 is an illustration of the washer Numbered as I having deep grooves with
hole in the Centre.
Figure 4 is washer Number II.

Figure 5 is washer Number I and Number II fitted inside the body of the I.V.
Catheter.
Figures 6 and 7 show the working principle of the invention.
Reference is first invited to accompanying figure 1, which shows the intravenous
I.V. Catheter device in accordance with the present invention wherein the product
I.V. Catheter has two washers and a ball positioned below the needle. The needle
is fitted in the needle hub and passes through the centric hole in the two washers.
Reference is now invited to Figures 3 and 4, which illustrate the washer Number I
and washer Number II respectively.
Reference is now invited to accompanying figure 5.
Figure 5 shows the washer I and II fitted inside the body of the I.V. Catheter.
Washer Number II which is plain and has a hole in the centre is positioned in the
body of catheter at the end closer to the needle hub. Washer Number I which has
deep grooves and has a hole in the centre is positioned in the body of the catheter
at the end closer to plastic tubing fitted to the body of the I.V. Catheter.
Such a provision of the intravenous (I.V.) Catheter device therefore achieves the
required safety in IV cannulation and adapted to protect the user against needle
stick injuries.
The method of application and use of the above safety intravenous (I.V.) Catheter
of the invention is further detailed hereunder:-

Thus in use of the catheter device, initially the site of the catheter insertion on the
patient's body is cleaned using alcohol wipes. Thereafter, the skin is punctured by
using the needle tip which is inside a thin plastic tube. The needle tip is moved
forward to puncture the vein. Immediately blood flash back is noticed in the blood
collection chamber.
The blood is thus unable to come out from the body and thus spillage is avoided.
This is an added safety feature making the user safe from the blood of the patient.
Now, the fluid is administered. The fluid is administered through the body of the
cannula. The pressure of fluid would displace the ball stationed at centric hole of
washer Number II. The pressure of the fluid would take the ball to the centric hole
of the washer Number No. I. However, this washer is provided with grooves in the
nature of lanes. The fluid would push through the lanes and bypass the ball from
distance provided between the ball and hole (by method of grooves).
Subsequently, the needle withdrawing action is initiated by withdrawing the
needle out from the cannula and leaving the plastic tubing inside the body. The
body of the catheter remains outside. In this invention, it is proposed that when
the blood will rush from the vein into the body of I.V. Catheter, the blood by its
force will push the ball stationed between the washers would be pushed towards
washer Number II and block the hole so that the blood became impassable
through that hole. The dimension of the ball is such that it is more than the
circumference of the centric hole of the two washers.

Advantageously, the above (I.V.) Catheter is adapted to function as safe device to
protect the user from exposure to blood during cannulation. The above (I.V.)
Catheter device can be obtained of simple materials including polypropylene, low
density poly ethylene, stainless steel, Fluoropolymer/ Poly urathene.
The body, needle hub, flash back, are made of polypropylene. The needle and
ball are made of stainless steel. However, the ball can be made of plastic/
titanium.
WE CLAIM:
1. An intravenous (I.V.) Catheter device with retractable needle comprising:
An inbuilt device to prevent blood back flow and where there is a body of the I.V.
Catheter, a needle hub, washer Number I and washer Number II, a ball placed
between the two washers and wherein the needle passes through the two holes of
the washer into the plastic tubing and on withdrawal of the needle after
cannulation, the flow of blood pushes the ball to the centric hole of the washer
Number II and blocks flow and wherein conversely the fluid administered into the
body of the catheter pushes the ball to the centric hole of the washer Number I and
fluid get passage through the grooves present in washer Number I.
2. An intravenous (I.V.) Catheter device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the I.V.
Catheter has two washers and a ball positioned below the needle.
3. An intravenous (I.V.) catheter as claimed in claim 1 wherein washer Number I
which has deep grooves and a hole in the centre.

4. An intravenous (I.V.) catheter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the washer
Number II which is plain and has a hole in the centre.
5. An intravenous (I.V.) catheter as claimed in claim 1 wherein the washer
Number I is positioned at the end closer to the needle hub.
6. An intravenous (I.V.) catheter device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the
washer Number II is positioned in the body of the catheter at the end, closer to the
plastic tubing fitted to the body of the I.V. Catheter.
7. An intravenous (I.V.) Catheter devise as claimed in claim 1 wherein the blood
after cannulation rushes from the vein into the body of I.V. Catheter, and blood by
its force pushes the ball to the centric hole of the washer Number II and blocks it.
8. An intravenous (I.V.) Catheter device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fluid
administered pushes the ball to centric hole of washer Number I and fluid rushes
into the hole through the grooves.
9. An intravenous (I.V.) Catheter device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the ball
is larger then the outer circumference of the hole.
10. An intravenous (I.V.) Catheter device with needle substantially as herein
described and illustrated with reference to the accompanying figures.

ABSTRACT OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a medical safety intravenous (I.V.)
catheter with an inbuilt device to prevent blood back flow
and where there is a body of I.V. Catheter, a needle hub,
washer Number I and washer Number II, a ball placed
between the two washers and wherein the needle passes
through the two holes of the washers into the plastic tubing
and on withdrawal of the needle after cannulation, the flow of
blood pushes the ball to the centric hole of the washer
Number II and wherein conversely, the fluid administered
into the body of the catheter pushes the ball to the centric
hole of the washer Number I and fluid get passage through
the grooves.