Technical field
[0001]
　The present invention relates to a lighting apparatus mounted on a mobile body.
Background technique
[0002]
　Respect lighting apparatus mounted on a mobile body such as a vehicle, various techniques have been proposed. For example, the vehicle in Patent Document 1, which includes a light source for emitting a coherent light, a hologram element to regenerate the diffracted light by coherent light is irradiated, and to illuminate the surroundings of the vehicle by the diffracted light from hologram element lighting device use is disclosed. A light source for emitting a coherent light, generally, since the emission intensity is high, even when it is desired to ensure sufficient light emission intensity, there is an advantage that it is easy to suppress the optical system compact in a lighting device. Further, since coherent light source emits light is coherent, there is possible more control over light distribution, also an advantage that it is possible to deliver the light longer distance.
CITATION
Patent Literature
[0003]
Patent Document 1: JP 2012-146621 JP
Summary of the Invention
Problems that the Invention is to Solve
[0004]
　Meanwhile, the driver of a moving body such as an automobile or a motorcycle (operator) is in operation, perform driving forward region and the other peripheral region of the mobile body while visually confirmed. During this operation, if it is possible to illuminate an area which the driver wishes to confirm appropriate, it is possible to support comfortable driving, it is possible to improve the safety of driving.
[0005]
　The present invention has been made in consideration of such points, to provide a lighting device capable of making it possible to support the comfortable driving or steering, improve the safety of operation or steering for the purpose.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0006]
　In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an illumination apparatus mounted on a moving object, the illumination light emitted from the moving body, and the predetermined range illumination unit capable illumination within a predetermined range, the moving body comprising a line-of-sight direction detecting section for detecting the orientation and / or the face orientation of the pilot's line of sight of, the said predetermined range illumination unit, the orientation of the said pilot's line of sight to gaze direction detection section detects and / or based on the orientation of the face, to control lighting of the light distribution or the illumination light of the illumination light, the illumination device provides.
[0007]
　In the lighting device, wherein the predetermined range illumination unit to illuminate the area within the predetermined range in which the gaze direction detection unit is positioned in the direction of orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the line of sight of the operator detected, it may control the lighting of the light distribution or the illumination light of the illumination light.
　In this case, the lighting device, by injecting a forward main illumination light toward the front of the moving body further comprises a main illuminating unit that illuminates the front main range, the predetermined range illumination unit, the mobile and emits the illumination light toward the front of the body, it may be adapted to illuminate the predetermined range set on the outer peripheral side of the front main range.
　In this case, the moving body is a vehicle, the front main range is set to fit a range in a predetermined light distribution standard for headlights of the vehicle, the predetermined range, outside the light distribution standard it may be set in the range.
[0008]
　Further, in the lighting device, wherein the moving body, the image of the peripheral region of the movable body and the mirror member for reflecting is provided on the operator side, the predetermined range illumination unit, the mirror member is the steering the reflecting the shielding side being adapted to illuminate a region including a peripheral region, the gaze direction detection unit, based on the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the line of sight of the pilot, the pilot is the mirror member detects whether visually, the predetermined range illumination unit, the line-of-sight direction detecting section, when detecting the visual of the mirror member by the operator, so as to illuminate the surrounding area, the the lighting of the light distribution or the illumination light of the illumination light may be controlled.
[0009]
　The predetermined range illumination unit includes a coherent light source emitting coherent light, by injecting the illumination light by diffusing the coherent light, anda optical element which illuminates the predetermined range, the optical element has a plurality of elements diffusion regions, each of the plurality of element diffusion region, the diffusion of the incident coherent light illuminates the partial area within the predetermined range, each of said plurality of elements diffusion region at least a part of the partial area illuminated by may be different respectively. Then, the predetermined range illumination unit, switch or the coherent light from the coherent light source whether or not to enter the plurality of element diffusion region, or the incident light from the plurality of element diffusion region in the predetermined range by switching whether to may control the light distribution of the illumination light.
　In this case, the predetermined range illumination unit the incident timing of the said optical elements of said coherent light or may have a predetermined range of illumination timing individually controlled timing controller yet. In this case, the coherent light emitted by the coherent light source may be provided with a scanning unit that scans on said optical element. Further, the scanning unit, the traveling direction of the emitted said coherent light by said coherent light source may comprise an optical scanning member for periodically changing. Then, the optical scanning member, the coherent light from the coherent light source, the cyclically scanned over the incident surface of the optical element, the timing controller, the scanning timing of the coherent light by the optical scanning member synchronously controls the light emission timing of the coherent light, or by controlling the incident timing of the said optical element of the coherent light is incident the coherent light from the coherent light source to said plurality of element diffusion region not or it may be switched.
　In this case, the optical element is a holographic recording medium, each of said plurality of elements diffusion region may be an element hologram area having a fringe pattern that is different respectively.
[0010]
　Further, the lighting device, said main illumination unit, may be configured as a lighting unit having a predetermined range illumination unit. In this case, the illumination unit includes a coherent light source having a second light source unit for emitting a first light source unit and the second coherent light emits first coherent light, first diffusion region where the first coherent light enters and an optical element and the second coherent light having a second diffusion region which is incident, may have. By the first light source unit and the first diffusion region, constitute the main lighting unit, the first diffusion region, for emitting the forward main illumination light by diffusing the first coherent light, it may be adapted to illuminate the front main range. Further, the second light source unit and the second diffusion region, constitute the predetermined range illumination unit, the second diffusion region, by injecting the illumination light by diffusing the second coherent light, wherein the predetermined range may be adapted to illuminate. Then, in this case, the second diffusion region has a plurality of second element diffusion regions, each of the plurality of second element diffusion region, the diffusion of the incident the second coherent light, the predetermined illuminating a second partial region within at least a portion of the second partial area illuminated by each of the plurality of second element diffusion regions are different from each predetermined range illumination unit, the said second coherent light from the coherent light source to switch whether to enter the plurality of second element diffusion region, or whether light is incident into the predetermined range from said plurality of second element diffusion region by switching the may control the light distribution of the illumination light within the predetermined range.
　In this case, the optical element is a holographic recording medium, each of the plurality of second element diffusion region may be an element hologram area having a fringe pattern that is different respectively.
　In this case, the first diffusion region has a plurality of first element diffusion region, each of the plurality of first element diffusion region, the diffusion of the incident first coherent light, the front main range illuminating a first partial region of the inner, the plurality of at least a portion of said first partial area illuminated by each of the first element diffusion regions are different from each said main illuminating unit, the coherent light source the first coherent light to switch whether to enter the plurality of first element diffusion region from, or whether light is incident to the front main range of the plurality of first element diffusion region by switching may control the light distribution of the front main illumination light within said front main range.
　Furthermore, in this case, the lighting unit, the first coherent light and the incident timing of the second coherent light of the optical element or the predetermined range and a timing controller for individually controlling the illumination timing of the front main range, it may have. Then, it may be provided with a scanning unit for scanning the first coherent light and said second coherent light sources emitting in the coherent light source on said optical element. Further, the scanning unit, the traveling direction of the light emitted said first coherent light and coherent light source and the second coherent light may be provided with optical scanning member for periodically changing. Then, the optical scanning member, said first coherent light from the coherent light source, cyclically scanned with the first diffusion region of the optical element, the second coherent light from the coherent light source, the cyclically scanned over said second diffusion region of the optical element, the timing control section, in synchronization with the scanning timing of the first coherent light by the light scanning element and the second coherent light, the first coherent light and controls the light emission timing of the second coherent light, wherein the first coherent light and said second coherent light by controlling the incident timing of the optical element, the plurality of first element diffusing the first coherent light with switches whether to enter the area, the second coherent light to the plurality of second element diffusion region It may be switched whether or not to Isa.
[0011]
　Further, in the lighting device, the line-of-sight direction detecting section, the steering's face on the basis of the directly captured images, the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the line of sight of the operator may detect. Further, the sight line direction detecting unit, on the basis of the pilot's face of the operator reflected in arranged front window forward image captured, the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the line of sight of the operator it may be detected.
Effect of the Invention
[0012]
　According to the present invention, it is possible to support the comfortable driving or steering, can provide a lighting device which can improve the safety of operation or steering.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013]
[1] Figure 1 is a diagram showing a vehicle equipped with the lighting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the installation position of the line-of-sight direction detecting section in the illumination device of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the lighting device of Fig.
[4] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing how the first coherent light is scanned over the optical element by a scanning unit in the front lighting unit of the lighting device of Fig 1 (the optical scanning element).
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing how the second coherent light is scanned over the optical element by a scanning unit in the front lighting unit of the lighting device of Fig 1 (the optical scanning element).
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing how the first coherent light diffused by the optical element in the front lighting unit is incident on the first illuminated region.
[7] FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state in which the second coherent light diffused by the optical element in the front lighting unit is incident on the second illuminated region.
FIG. 8 is the control of the light emission timing of the first coherent light is a diagram showing an example for illuminating any area of the first illuminated region.
[9] FIG. 9 is controlled by the light emission timing of the second coherent light is a diagram illustrating an example to illuminate any region of the second illuminated region.
[10] FIG 10 is a diagram showing how the third coherent light is scanned over the optical element by a scanning unit in the rear lighting unit of the lighting device of Fig 1 (the optical scanning element).
[11] FIG 11 is a diagram showing how the third coherent light diffused by the optical element in the rear lighting unit is incident on the illuminated area.
[12] FIG 12 is controlled by the emission timing of the third coherent light is a diagram showing an example for illuminating any area of the illuminated area.
[13] FIG. 13 (A), (B) is a view showing a lighting mode of the lighting device when an automobile is normally in operation, FIG. 13 (A) looking forward from the vehicle side it is a diagram illustrating a state of illumination when the, FIG. 13 (B) is a diagram illustrating a state of illumination when viewed automotive from above.
[14] FIG. 14 (A), (B) is a view showing a lighting mode of a predetermined forward range illumination of the front lighting unit in the lighting device, FIG. 14 (A) is a front from the vehicle side is a diagram illustrating a state of illumination when viewed, FIG. 14 (B) is a diagram illustrating a state of illumination when viewed automotive from above.
[15] FIG. 15 (A) ~ (C) are diagrams illustrating the illumination mode of the rear lighting unit in the lighting device.
16 is a diagram illustrating a modification of the installation position of the line-of-sight direction detecting section.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0014]
　Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrating an embodiment of the present invention in detail. In the accompanying drawings herein, for convenience of easy understanding of illustration, the appropriate scale and size ratio of the vertical and horizontal, etc. are exaggerated changed from those of the real.
[0015]
　Also, as used herein, identifies the shape and geometric conditions and the degree thereof, such as "parallel", the "orthogonal", terms and the length of such "identity" and angle values ​​or the like, exact meaning without being bound, and interpreting including range that can expect a similar function.
[0016]
　Figure 1 is a diagram showing a vehicle V equipped with the lighting device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 1, reference numeral FR denotes the front of the automobile V, reference numeral LH denotes the left of the car V. Sign RR represents the rear of the automobile V, symbol RH indicates the right side of the vehicle V.
[0017]
　Further, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 101 denotes a rearview mirror provided in the vehicle V to the driver (operator) to confirm the rear, reference numeral 102L is the driver to check the left or left rear shows a left side mirror for, numeral 102R is the driver indicates a right side mirror to confirm the right or right rear. Rearview mirror 101 is configured to reflect the image of the region rearward of the vehicle V to the driver side. Also, the left side mirror 102L is adapted to reflect the image of the left or left rear area of ​​the vehicle V to the driver side, right side mirror 102R is the vehicle V right or right rear while reflecting the image of the region toward the driver.
[0018]
　As shown in FIG. 1, the lighting apparatus 1 according to this embodiment, the front lighting unit 2L provided on each of the front left and front right vehicle V, and 2R, provided on a rear portion of the vehicle V behind an illumination unit 3, a line-of-sight direction detecting section 4 for detecting the orientation and / or the face orientation of the driver's line of sight, the.
[0019]
　In the illustrated example, the front lighting unit 2L, 2R, respectively, the main lighting unit 10L, and 10R, has a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L, and 11R, and they are integrated. In front lighting unit 2L, the main lighting unit 10L, by injecting a forward main illumination light L1 shown by the solid line, and it is possible to illuminate the inside of the front main range S1, a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L is by injecting a forward sub-illumination light L11 indicated by the broken line, it is possible to illuminate the forward predetermined range S2, which is set on the outer peripheral side of the front main range S1. Further, in the front lighting unit 2R, the main lighting unit 10R, by injecting a forward main illumination light L2 shown by the solid line, and it is possible to illuminate the forward main range S1, a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11R is , by injecting the forward sub-illumination light L12 indicated by the broken line, it is possible to illuminate the forward predetermined range S2, which is set on the outer peripheral side of the front main range S1.
[0020]
　In the illustrated example, left and right main lighting unit 10L, 10R, although it is possible to illuminate the same forward main range S1 at a position away by a predetermined distance D1 forward from the vehicle V, the front main range S1 is set in a compatible range predetermined light distribution standard for headlights of the vehicle. Here, the light distribution standard referred, for example, if the vehicle headlamp, headlamp of a vehicle traveling on a road must conform to regulations of each country, pointing to that standard. Specifically, there etc. "UR Authorization light distribution variable headlamp system for a motor vehicle (AFS)" standards and the like JIS D5500 in Japan. Or the light distribution standard for headlights in each country other than Japan corresponding to such standards, specifically, European ECE (Economic Commission for Europe) standard, there are US SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) standard or the like . On the other hand, the left and right front predetermined range illumination unit 11L, 11R, although it is possible to illuminate the same forward predetermined range S2 at a position away by a predetermined distance D1 forward from the vehicle V, the forward predetermined range S2 It is set to a range outside the light distribution standard.
[0021]
　In the illustrated example, left and right main illumination portion 10L, but 10R it is possible to illuminate the same forward main range S1, the left and right main lighting unit 10L, each illuminable range of 10R are different it may be. Similarly, a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L, each also capable illumination range of 11R, may be different. In this example, the front main range S1 is compatible with predetermined light distribution standard for headlights of the vehicle, may not be adapted to such a light distribution standard.
[0022]
　Further, in the illustrated example, the rear lighting unit 3, by injecting backward illumination light L20, it is possible to illuminate the inside of the rear predetermined range S3 at a position away by a predetermined distance D2 rearward from the vehicle V there. The back-illumination unit 3, the brake lamp of the vehicle V are independently installed devices.
[0023]
　Further, the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, for example, based on the image of the captured face of the driver, so as to detect the orientation and / or the face orientation of the driver's line of sight. Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating the installation position of the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4. As shown in FIG. 2, in this example, line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, a vicinity of the rear-view mirror 101 in a car V, and its head when the driver is seated on observable position from the upper front side It is located. In this example, line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, based on the image directly image the face of the driver, so as to detect the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the driver's line of sight.
[0024]
　More specifically, line-of-sight direction detecting section 4 of the present embodiment, the driver, the right front area of ​​the motor vehicle V, whether oriented such left forward region or forward and upward in the region, as well as, back mirror 101, it is possible to detect whether the visually side mirror 102L or side mirror 102R and the like. In this example, since the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4 detects the direction and / or the face orientation of the driver's line of sight based on the directly captured image, accuracy, the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the driver's line of sight it is possible to detect the.
[0025]
　In the lighting apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the front lighting unit 2L, in 2R, left and right main lighting unit 10L, 10R is, while steadily illuminate the front of the vehicle V at night or the like, a predetermined forward range illumination parts 11L, 11R based on the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the sight line of the driver viewing direction detection part 4 has detected so as to control the light distribution of the forward sub-illumination light L11, L12. Similarly, the rear lighting unit 3 is also based on the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the sight line of the driver viewing direction detection part 4 has detected so as to control the light distribution of the back-illumination light L20. Described in detail below front lighting unit 2L, 2R and the rear lighting unit 3.
[0026]
(Front lighting unit)
　3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the illumination apparatus 1. In FIG. 3, the front lighting unit 2L, rear lighting units 3, and the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4 is shown, for the front lighting unit 2R, are not shown. A front lighting unit 2L, since the same configuration and the front lighting unit 2R, in the description below, the front lighting unit 2L, will not be described here again front lighting unit 2R.
[0027]
　As shown in FIG. 3, the front lighting unit 2L of the present embodiment, a coherent light source 24 having a first light source unit 24a and the second the second light source unit 24b that emits coherent light CL2 emit first coherent light CL1 When, a timing controller 25 for individually controlling the incident timing of the first coherent light CL1 and the second coherent light CL2 of the light emission timing or later of the optical element 23, light emission timing or the incident timing is controlled by the timing control unit 25 an optical element 23 having a second diffusion region 23b of the second coherent light CL2 of the light emission timing or the incident timing by the first diffusion region 23a and the timing control unit 25 is controlled by the first coherent light CL1 is incident is incident was the first call from the coherent light source 24 The Rento light CL1 causes scanned over the first diffusion region 23a, and includes a scanning unit 26, a to scan the second coherent light CL2 on the second diffusion region 23b.
[0028]
　In the optical element 23, the first diffusion region 23a is by injecting forward main illumination light L1 by diffusing first coherent light CL1, is adapted to illuminate the front main range S1. On the other hand, the second diffusion region 23b, by injecting a forward sub-illumination light L11 by diffusing second coherent light CL2, is adapted to illuminate the front predetermined range S2. That is, in this embodiment, the main lighting unit 10L described above is, the first light source unit 24a, a timing control unit 25 is composed mainly of the first diffusion region 23a and the scanning unit 26, the optical element 23, described above predetermined forward range illuminating unit 11L is, the second light source unit 24b, a timing control unit 25 is mainly composed of the second diffusion region 23b and the scanning unit 26, the optical element 23.
[0029]
　The first light source unit 24a and the second light source unit 24b in the coherent light source 24, for example, a semiconductor laser light source can be used. The first light source unit 24a and the second light source unit 24b may be provided independently to separate substrates, the first light source unit 24a and the second light source unit 24b on a common substrate is arranged it may be a light source module. In order to increase the luminous intensity, the first light source unit 24a and the second light source unit 24b may be provided by a plurality. Further, the light emitting wavelength range of the first coherent light CL1 and the emission wavelength region of the second coherent light CL2, may be the same or may be different from each other.
[0030]
　The timing controller 25 may control the light emission timing from the first light source unit 24a and the second light source unit 24b, it may control the incident timing of the coherent light incident on the optical element 23, or , diffused coherent light illumination range by the optical element 23, i.e. may control the illumination timing for illuminating the front main scope S1 and a predetermined forward range S2. Hereinafter, the timing control unit 25 is mainly describes an example of controlling the light emission timing from the first light source unit 24a and the second light source unit 24b. In this example, the timing controller 25, by controlling the light emission timing from the first light source unit 24a and the second light source unit 24b, consequently, the incident timing of the light incident to the optical element 23 is controlled It is.
[0031]
　Specifically, for example, the timing controller 25, the light source unit 24a, whether to emit coherent light CL1, CL2 from 24b, i.e. controls the emission ON / OFF. Alternatively, the timing control unit 25, the light source unit 24a, may be switched whether or not to guide the coherent light CL1, CL2 emitted from 24b on the incident surface of the scanning unit 26. In the latter case, each light source unit 24a, provided with a light shutter unit (not shown) between 24b and scan unit 26, may be switched passage / interruption of coherent light CL1, CL2 in the optical shutter unit. Further, in the present embodiment, the timing control unit 25 is connected to the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, it is possible to control the light emission timing in response to the detection of gaze direction detection unit 4.
[0032]
　Scanning section 26 includes a light source unit 24a, to scan the plurality of coherent light emitted by 24b on the optical element 23. Scanning section 26 includes a light source unit 24a, to each laser beam by moving the 24b may be scanned over the optical element 3, even when the respective coherent light by moving the optical element 3 is scanned on the optical element 23 good to the light source unit 24a, is provided an optical scanning member 26a for changing the traveling direction of the coherent light from 24b, may be scanned each coherent light on the optical element 23. Hereinafter, the scanning unit 26 is mainly described example having an optical scanning member 26a. The timing control unit 25, as the illumination mode of the illumination range is changed periodically or temporarily, in synchronization with the scanning timing of the plurality of coherent light by the optical scanning element 26a, the light emission timing of each coherent light, the optical element 23 the incident timing or lighting timing of the illumination range, to be controlled separately.
[0033]
　The optical scanning element 26a over time alter the first traveling direction of the coherent light CL1 and the second coherent light CL2 from a coherent light source 24, the traveling direction of the first coherent light CL1 and the second coherent light CL2 is not constant so as to. As a result, the first coherent light CL1 and the second coherent light CL2 which the optical scanning element 26a emits will be scanned on the entrance surface 23s of the optical element 23.
[0034]
　The optical scanning element 26a is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, having a rotatable reflective device 33 and the two parallel around the rotation axis 31, 32 respectively intersecting directions. Coherent light CL1 from a coherent light source 24 which is incident on the reflecting surface 33s of the reflective device 33, CL2 is reflected at an angle corresponding to the inclination angle of the reflecting surface 33s, traveling in the direction of the incident surface 23s of the optical element 23 to. By rotating the reflection device 33 into two around the rotation shafts 31 and 32, coherent light CL1, CL2 will be scanned on the entrance surface 23s of the optical element 23 are two-dimensionally. Reflective device 33 is, for example, to repeat the operation of rotating the two around the rotation shafts 31 and 32 at a constant period, in synchronism with this period, the coherent light CL1, CL2 on the incident surface 23s of the optical element 23 is repeatedly the two-dimensional scanning.
[0035]
　In this embodiment, the optical scanning element 26a are assumed embodiments provided only one, a first coherent light CL1 and the second coherent light CL2 emitted by the coherent light source 24, any common light is incident on the scanning member 26a, the traveling direction by the light scanning member 26a is provided over time is changed, it scans the optical element 23. However, as the embodiment of the optical scanning element 26a, not limited to this, and the optical scanning member corresponding to the first coherent light CL1 and optical scanning member corresponding to the second coherent light CL2 may be provided separately .
[0036]
　The optical element 23, as described above, having a second diffusion region 23b where the first diffusion region 23a and the second coherent light CL2 first coherent light CL1 is incident is incident. The first diffusion region 23a is by injecting forward main illumination light L1 by diffusing first coherent light CL1, is adapted to illuminate the front main range S1. On the other hand, the second diffusion region 23b, by injecting a forward sub-illumination light L11 by diffusing second coherent light CL2, is adapted to illuminate the front predetermined range S2.
[0037]
　More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, in this embodiment, the front main illumination light L1 passes through the first illuminated region 40a, illuminate the front main range S1, which is the actual illumination range It has become way. On the other hand, the forward sub-illumination light L11 passes through the second illuminated region 40b, is adapted to illuminate the front predetermined range S2 as the actual illumination range.
[0038]
　Here, the illuminated area 40a, 40b is the diffusion regions 23a in the optical element 23, which is the illuminated area of ​​the so-called near-field illuminated by 23b. Illumination range (forward main range S1, a predetermined forward range S2) of the far field, rather than the size of the actual illuminated area is often expressed as a diffusion angle distribution in the angular space (the illuminated area of ​​the near field). The term "illuminated area" in the present specification, in addition to the actual object to be irradiated area (illumination range), shall also encompass diffusion angle range in angular space. In this embodiment, the first illuminated region 40a, and diffusion angle range for illuminating the front main range S1 is expressed (set), in the second illuminated region 40b, a forward predetermined range S2 diffusion angle range for illuminating is represented (set).
[0039]
　Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the first diffusion region 23a and the second diffusion region 23b, respectively, has an elongated shape extending in the axial direction (e.g. horizontal direction), They are arranged adjacent in a direction (e.g., vertical direction) perpendicular to the uniaxial direction.
[0040]
　The usual mode of use of the lighting device 1 according to this embodiment, the first diffusion region 23a to illuminate an area conforming to the headlamp light distribution standards, while being substantially the entire area is lit, the light distribution standard second diffusion region 23b for illuminating the outside, an embodiment that substantially the entire is turned off can be envisaged. If the first diffusion region 23a and the second diffusion region 23b having an elongated shape are arranged adjacent to the axial direction, since the overall shape becomes more elongated, with ensuring the installation space in the front face of the vehicle it is difficult, It supposed to while normal one half of the elongated during use of the lighting device 1 is lit other half is off, the design property is deteriorated.
[0041]
　On the other hand, as in this embodiment, if the first diffusion region 23a and the second diffusion region 23b having an elongated shape are arranged adjacent in a direction perpendicular to the uniaxial direction, problems and design of the installation space both sexes problems can be solved.
[0042]
　Also, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing how the first coherent light CL1 diffused by the first diffusion region 23a of the optical element 23 is incident on the first illuminated region 40a, FIG. 7, the optical element 23 second coherent light CL2 diffused by the second diffusion region 23b is a diagram showing a state that is incident on the second illuminated region 40b. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, each of the diffusion regions 23a, the 23b, coherent light CL1, CL2, each corresponding enters. The first diffusion region 23a is to diffuse the first coherent light CL1 incident, so as to illuminate the entire area of ​​the first illumination zone 40a as a whole. On the other hand, the second diffusion region 23b is by diffusing second coherent light CL2 incident, so as to illuminate the entire area of ​​the second illumination zone 40b as a whole.
[0043]
　Here, as shown in FIG. 6, the first diffusion region 23a has a plurality of first element diffusion region 28a. Each first element diffusion region 28a is to diffuse the first coherent light CL1 incident, illuminates the corresponding first partial area 50a in the first illuminated region 40a. At least a portion of the first partial area 50a is different for each element diffusion region 50a. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the second diffusion region 23b has a plurality of second element diffusion region 28b. Each second element diffusion region 28b is by diffusing second coherent light CL2 incident, illuminates the corresponding second partial region 50b of the second illumination zone 40b. At least a portion of the second portion region 50b is different for each element diffusion region 50b.
[0044]
　Such an optical element 23, for example, may be constructed using holographic recording medium 66. The hologram recording medium 66 is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, having a first hologram area 67a and the second hologram area 67b. The first hologram region 67a are provided corresponding to the first coherent light CL1. The second hologram region 67b are provided corresponding to the second coherent light CL2. The first coherent light CL1 diffused is incident on the first hologram area 67a illuminates the first illumination zone 40a. Second coherent light CL2 diffused is incident on the second hologram region 67b illuminates the second illumination zone 40b.
[0045]
　As shown in FIG. 6, the first hologram area 67a has a plurality of first element hologram area 68a. Each of the plurality of first element hologram area 68a, by diffusing the first coherent light CL1 incident, to illuminate the first partial area 50a corresponding in the first illuminated region 40a. At least a portion of the first partial area 50a where the first element hologram area 68a illuminates is different for every first element hologram area 68a. That is, the first partial area 50a between different first element hologram area 68a is illuminated, at least a portion is different.
[0046]
　Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the second hologram region 67b has a plurality of second element hologram area 68b. Each of the plurality of second element holograms region 68b, by diffusing the second coherent light CL2 incident, it illuminates the corresponding second partial region 50b of the second illumination zone 40b. At least a portion of the second partial area 50b where the second element hologram region 68b is illuminated is different for each second element hologram area 68b. That is, the second partial area 50b between different second element hologram region 68b is illuminated, at least a portion is different.
[0047]
　Each elementary hologram area 68a, 68b has an interference fringe pattern. Therefore, each element hologram regions 68a, coherent light CL1, CL2 that are incident on 68b is diffracted by the interference fringe pattern, corresponding partial region 50a of the illuminated region 40a, in 40b, to illuminate the 50b. Interference fringe patterns by adjusting the various, can change the traveling direction of the coherent light CL1, CL2 diffracted i.e. diffusion by the element holograms regions 68a, 68b.
[0048]
　Thus, each element hologram regions 68a, coherent light CL1, L2 incident to each point in the 68b is illuminated region 40a, corresponding partial areas 50a in 40b, to illuminate the 50b. Further, the optical scanning element 26a, each element hologram area 68a, the inside 68b that is scanned by a coherent light CL1, CL2, the incident position and the incident angle of the coherent light CL1, CL2 incident elements hologram regions 68a, to 68b over time to change the. One element hologram area 68a, coherent light CL1, CL2 having entered the 68b, the element hologram area 68a, be incident on the position of 68b in the throat, to illuminate a common part region 50a, a 50b. This means that partial area 50a, the incident angle of the coherent light CL1, CL2 incident on each point of 50b means that changes over time. This change in the incident angle is a non-degradable fast the human eye, as a result, the human eye, the scattering pattern of the coherent light CL1, CL2 no correlation is observed are multiplexed. Accordingly, speckle is superimposed which is generated corresponding to the scattering pattern are averaged, it will be viewed by the viewer. Thus, the illuminated area 40a, in 40b, speckle inconspicuous. Moreover, coherent coherent light CL1, CL2 of the light scanning element 26a, in order to scan the hologram area 67a, each element hologram area 68a of 67b, the 68b sequentially diffracted by each point of the element holograms region 68a, the 68b have different wavefronts light CL1, CL2, respectively, these diffracted coherent light CL1, CL2 is illuminated region 40a, that is superimposed independently on 40b, the illuminated area 40a, the specifications in 40b Le inconspicuous no uniform illuminance distribution is obtained.
[0049]
　In Figure 6, the first element hologram area 68a is first an example is shown for illuminating the different first part region 50a in the first illuminated region 40a, a part of the first partial region 50a is adjacent it may overlap with the first partial region 50a. The size of the first partial area 50a may be different for each first element hologram area 68a. Further, according to the arrangement order of the first element hologram area 68a, the corresponding first partial region 50a is not required to be arranged in the first illuminated region 40a. That is, the arrangement order of the first element hologram area 68a in the first hologram area 67a, and the arrangement order of the corresponding first partial area 50a in the first illuminated region 40a, necessarily have to match Absent. Incidentally, this second element hologram region 68b, and is the same for the second partial region 50b corresponding thereto.
[0050]
　In front lighting unit 2L according to the present embodiment having the above configuration, the optical scanning element 26a, respectively a first coherent light CL1 and the second coherent light CL2 from the coherent light source 24, a first diffusion region of the optical element 23 23a on and being adapted to be periodically scanned over a second diffusion region 23b, the timing controller 25, in synchronization with the scanning timing of the first coherent light CL1 and the second coherent light CL2 by the optical scanning element 26a controls the light emission timing of the first coherent light CL1 and the second coherent light CL2 individually.
[0051]
　Thus, by controlling whether or not to enter the first coherent light CL1 by the timing controller 25 to the first element hologram area 68a, as shown in a region marked with dots in FIG. 8, the first object to be illuminated it can be selectively illuminate any area within the region 40a. Thus, as a result, it is possible to selectively illuminate any area within the forward main range S1. In this case, the first partial region 50a of the selected region, at a rate as if the human eye is simultaneously illuminated, will be illuminated in sequence by the first coherent light CL1.
[0052]
　Further, by controlling the respective second element hologram region 68b to the second coherent light CL2 timing controller 25 whether to be incident, as shown in a region marked with dots in FIG. 9, the second illuminated region any region in 40b can be selectively illuminated. Thus, as a result, it is possible to selectively illuminate any area within a predetermined forward range S2. At this time, the second partial area 50b of the selected region, at a rate as if the human eye is simultaneously illuminated, will be illuminated in sequence by a second coherent light CL2.
[0053]
　Especially, in a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L, based on the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the sight line of the driver viewing direction detection unit 4 detects, is incident on the second coherent light CL2 to each second element hologram region 68b whether a by controlling the timing control unit 25, it is possible to control the light distribution of the forward sub-illumination light L11. Specifically, a predetermined forward range illumination portion 11L of this embodiment, to illuminate a region within a predetermined forward range S2, which is positioned in the direction of orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the driver's line of sight, the front sub-lighting and controls the light distribution of the light L11. Region Thus, for example, when the driver faces left forward, or to illuminate an area which exists ahead of the line of sight, when the driver facing forward upward, pre- existing the gaze it is possible or to illuminate.
[0054]
(Rear lighting unit)
　Next, the rear lighting unit 3 of this embodiment, FIG. 3 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12.
[0055]
　As shown in FIG. 3, the rear lighting unit 3 of this embodiment includes a coherent light source 74 having a third light source unit 74a for emitting a third coherent light CL3, emission timing or below the optical third coherent light CL3 a timing controller 75 for controlling the incident timing of the element 73, the optical element 73 to the third coherent light CL3 of the light emission timing or the incident timing is controlled by the timing control unit 75 has a diffusion region 73a to be incident coherent light source third coherent light CL3 from 74 includes a scanning unit 76 that scans on the diffusion region 73a, the. In the rear illumination unit 3, the diffusion region 73a of the optical element 73, by injecting back-illumination light L20 by diffusing a third coherent light CL3, is adapted to illuminate the rear predetermined range S3.
[0056]
　Light source unit 74a in the coherent light source 74 may be, for example, a semiconductor laser light source. The timing control unit 75, to the third light source unit 74a may control the light emission timing of light emission of the third coherent light CL3, may control the incident timing of the coherent light incident on the optical element 73, Alternatively, coherent light diffused by the optical element 73 is the illumination range, i.e. may control the illumination timing for illuminating the rear predetermined range S. Hereinafter, the timing control unit 75 is mainly describes an example of controlling the light emission timings of the light source unit 74a. In this example, the timing control unit 75, by controlling the emission timing of the light source unit 74a, as a result, the incident timing of the light incident to the optical element 73 is controlled. Specifically, for example, the timing control unit 75, from the third light source unit 74a whether to emit the third coherent light CL3, i.e. controls the emission ON / OFF. Alternatively, the timing control unit 75 may switch whether or not to guide the third coherent light CL3 emitted from the third light source unit 74a on the incident surface of the scanning unit 76. In the latter case, by providing the optical shutter unit (not shown) between the third light source unit 74a and the scanning unit 76 may be in the light shutter switching the passage / interruption of the third coherent light CL3. Further, in the present embodiment, the timing control unit 75 is connected to the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, it is possible to control the light emission timing in response to the detection of gaze direction detection unit 4.
[0057]
　Scanning section 76 to scan the coherent light emitted by the light source unit 74a on the optical element 73. Scanning unit 6 moves the light source unit 74a to the respective coherent light may also be scanned over the optical element 73, it may be each coherent light by moving the optical element 73 is scanned on the optical element 73 , an optical scanning member 76a for changing the traveling direction of the laser light from the light source unit 74a is provided, may be scanned each coherent light on the optical element 73. Hereinafter, the scanning unit 76 is mainly described example having an optical scanning member 76a. The timing control unit 25, as the illumination mode of the illumination range is changed periodically or temporarily, in synchronization with the scanning timing of the plurality of coherent light by the optical scanning element 26a, the light emission timing of each coherent light, an optical element 73 the incident timing or lighting timing of the illumination range, to be controlled separately.
[0058]
　The optical scanning element 76a over time alter the third traveling direction of the coherent light CL3 from the coherent light source 74, the traveling direction of the third coherent light CL3 are prevented from becoming constant. As a result, the third coherent light CL3 which the optical scanning element 76a emits will be scanned on the entrance surface 73s of the optical element 73.
[0059]
　The optical scanning element 76a is, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, having a rotatable reflective device 83 and the two parallel rotation axes 81 and 82 around each intersecting directions. Third coherent light CL3 from a coherent light source 74 which is incident on the reflecting surface 83s of the reflection device 83 is reflected at an angle corresponding to the inclination angle of the reflecting surface 83s, traveling in the direction of the incident surface 73s of the optical element 73 to. By rotating the reflection device 83 into two around the rotation shaft 81, the third coherent light CL3 would scans the incident surface 73s of the optical element 73 are two-dimensionally. Reflective device 83 is, for example, to repeat the operation of rotating the two around the rotation shaft 81 at a constant period, in synchronization with the cycle, the third coherent light CL3 on the incident surface 73s of the optical element 73 is repeatedly the two-dimensional scanning.
[0060]
　The optical element 73, as described above, having a diffusion region 73a in which the third coherent light CL3 is incident. Then, the diffusion region 73a, by the third coherent light CL3 by diffusing emitted backward illumination light L20, is adapted to illuminate the rear predetermined range S3. More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 10, after in the present embodiment, the diffusion region 73a is back-illumination light L20 for emitting by diffusing a third coherent light CL3 is passing through the illuminated area 90, it is adapted to illuminate the rear predetermined range S3 is the actual illumination range.
[0061]
　Here, the illumination region 90 is illuminated region of the diffusion region 73a thus called near-field to be illuminated in the optical element 73. Thus, in this embodiment, the illuminated region 90, the diffusion angle range for illuminating the rear predetermined range S3 is expressed (set).
[0062]
　Figure 11 is a diagram showing how the third coherent light CL3 diffused by the diffusion region 73a of the optical element 73 is incident on the illumination region 90. As shown in FIG. 11, the diffusion region 73a, the third coherent light CL3 is incident. Diffusion region 73a is to diffuse the third coherent light CL3 incident, so as to illuminate the entire area of ​​the illuminated area 90 as a whole.
[0063]
　Here, as shown in FIG. 11, the diffusion region 73a has a plurality of elements diffusion region 78a. Each element diffusion region 78a is to diffuse the first coherent light CL3 incident, to illuminate the corresponding partial region 95 of the illuminated region 90. At least a portion of the partial region 95 is different for each element diffusion region 95.
[0064]
　Such an optical element 73 may be configured, for example, using a holographic recording medium 96. The hologram recording medium 96 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, has a hologram area 97. Hologram area 97 is provided in correspondence with the third coherent light CL3.
[0065]
　As shown in FIG. 11, the hologram area 97 has a plurality of element holograms region 98. Each of the plurality of element holograms region 98 by diffusing a third coherent light CL3 incident, to illuminate the corresponding partial region 95 of the illuminated region 90. At least a portion of the partial region 95 of the element hologram area 98 is illuminated is different for each element hologram area 98. That, together partial region 95 having different element hologram area 98 is illuminated, at least a portion is different.
[0066]
　Each elementary hologram region 96 has a fringe pattern. Therefore, the third coherent light CL3 incident on each element hologram area 98 is diffracted by the interference fringe pattern, to illuminate a corresponding partial region 95 of the illuminated region 90. Interference fringe patterns by adjusting the various, can change the third traveling direction of the coherent light CL3 diffracted i.e. diffusion by the element holograms region 98. Configuration of a hologram recording medium as such an optical element 73 is similar in structure to the holographic recording medium 66 in the front lighting unit, detailed description thereof will be omitted partially.
[0067]
　In back-illumination unit 3 according to the present embodiment having the above structure, so that the optical scanning element 76a is, the third coherent light CL3 from a coherent light source 74, is periodically scanned over the diffusion region 73a of the optical element 73 has become, the timing controller 75, in synchronization with the scanning timing of the third coherent light CL3 by the optical scanning element 76a, to control the emission timing of the third coherent light CL3 individually.
[0068]
　Thus, whether to enter the third coherent light CL3 each element hologram area 98 by controlling the timing control unit 75, as shown in a region marked with dots in Figure 12, of the illuminated region 90 it can be selectively illuminate any area. Thus, as a result, it is possible to selectively illuminate any area within the rear predetermined range S3. At this time, the partial regions 95 of the selected region, at a rate as if the human eye is simultaneously illuminated, will be illuminated in sequence by a third coherent light CL3.
[0069]
　Especially, in the back-illumination unit 3, whether based on the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the sight line of the driver viewing direction detection unit 4 detects, caused to enter the third coherent light CL3 each element hologram area 98 the by controlling the timing control unit 75, it is possible to control the light distribution of the back-illumination light L20. Specifically, the rear lighting unit 3 of this embodiment, line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, by the driver, the rearview mirror 101, when detecting the visual side mirror 102L or side mirrors 102R, corresponding to the mirror region to illuminate the, so as to control the light distribution of the back-illumination light L20. Thus, for example, when the driver visually rearview mirror 101, when or illuminating a region rearward of the vehicle V to the back mirror 101 is Utsushidasu, the driver was viewing the left side mirror 102L is the it is possible that the side mirror 102L is or illuminates the left side or left rear area of ​​the vehicle V to project.
[0070]
　It will now be described in detail the structure of the hologram recording medium 66 and the hologram recording medium 96 is provided on the front lighting unit 2L and the rear lighting unit 3.
[0071]
　Holographic recording medium capable adopted in this embodiment, for example, the scattered light from the real scattering plate can be produced by using as the object beam. More specifically, the hologram photosensitive material is a matrix of the holographic recording medium is irradiated with the reference beam and the object beam consisting of coherent light having interference with each other, forming the interference fringes due to the interference of these lights on the hologram photosensitive material is, the hologram recording medium is produced. The reference light, the laser light is used a coherent light, as the object light, for example, scattered light cheaply available isotropic scattering plate is used.
[0072]
　By irradiating a laser light to the holographic recording medium from the convergence position of the reference light comprising convergent light beam used in making the hologram recording medium, the object light source used in making the hologram recording medium the position of the scattering plate, a reproduced image of the scatter plate is generated. If scattering plate serving as object light source used in making the hologram recording medium is a uniformly surface scattering, the reproduced image of the scatter plate obtained by the hologram recording medium also becomes a uniform surface illumination, this region reconstructed image of the scatter plate is generated, in this embodiment, the illuminated area 40a, 40b, 90.
[0073]
　In the present embodiment, by using the optical element 23, 73, and to allow the illumination control so as to illuminate only part of the range to be illuminated. To perform such illumination control using a holographic recording medium, the interference fringe pattern is complicated is formed in each element hologram area. Pattern of such a complex interference pattern, instead of forming using the actual object beam and the reference beam, will the reproduction illumination light wavelength and the incident direction, and, like the shape and position of the image to be reproduced it is possible to design with a basis computer. Holographic recording medium obtained in this way, computer-generated hologram (CGH: Computer Generated Hologram) also called. Further, the Fourier transform hologram may be formed by computer generated spreading angle characteristic at each point on each element hologram area are the same. Further, in the case of expressing a diffuse angular distribution area to be illuminated near field in order to illuminate the range of far-field is provided an optical member such as a lens in the optical axis rear side of the illuminated region of the near-field, fur the range of the field may be set. Incidentally, the Fourier transform hologram, it is possible to express the spreading pattern as a diffusion angle distribution in the angular space, it is possible to design a useful holograms in particular controlling a lighting state of the distant lighting.
[0074]
　One advantage of the provision of the holographic recording medium as an optical element is that it decreases the diffuse light energy density of the laser beam, also, one of the other advantages, the holographic recording medium as the directivity of the surface light source to become available, as compared to the conventional lamp light source (point light source), it is to be lowered the brightness on the light source surface to achieve the same illuminance distribution. This can contribute to improved safety of the laser beam, even if direct human light irradiated eyes, compared with the case of direct view of the single point light source, a possibility is reduced that an adverse effect on the human eye.
[0075]
　Also, those in the present embodiment, the optical scanning element 26a, the laser beam from 76a is an example to diffuse through the optical element 23, 73, the optical element 23, 73 is, for diffusing the reflected laser beam But good. For example, when using a holographic recording medium as the optical element 23, 73, the hologram recording medium may be a transmission type in the reflection type. In general, the reflection-type hologram recording medium (hereinafter, the reflection-type holograms), the transmission type hologram recording medium (hereinafter, transmission-type holograms) compared to a higher wavelength selectivity. That is, the reflection-type holograms can be stacked interference fringes corresponding to the different wavelengths, it is possible to diffract the coherent light of a desired wavelength only desired layer. Also, in terms of easy removal of the influence of the 0th order light, the reflection-type holograms is excellent.
[0076]
　As a specific embodiment of a hologram recording medium may be a volume hologram recording medium using a photopolymer, it may be a type of volume hologram recording medium for recording using a photosensitive medium comprising silver halide material it may be a holographic recording medium of the relief (embossed).
[0077]
　The specific form of the optical element 23, 73 is not intended to be limited to the hologram recording medium may be a variety of diffusing member capable of finely divided into a plurality of elements diffusion region. For example, the lens array unit of the lens array of one each element diffusion regions respectively may be formed an optical element 23, 73 with. In this case, the lens array is provided for each element the diffusion region, the shape of each lens array to illuminate a partial region within which each lens array is illuminated is designed. Then, the position of each partial region is at least partially different.
[0078]
(Lighting embodiment by the illuminating device)
　Next, with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15, illustrating an example of a specific illumination mode of the illumination device 1 of this embodiment. First, FIG. 13 (A), (B) is a diagram for explaining a lighting mode of the lighting device 1 when the vehicle V is normal operation, (A), when viewed forward from the vehicle V side a view, (B) is a diagram when viewed automotive V from above.
[0079]
　In the example shown in FIG. 13 (A), (B), line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, the orientation and / or the face of the driver's line of sight is detected that is facing forward. Incidentally, the hatched region in FIG. 13 (A) shows the area that is illuminated, the hatched region in FIG. 13 (B) shows a state in which illumination light is emitted. In this case, the main lighting portion 10L of the front lighting unit 2L in the lighting device 1 illuminates the front main area S1, a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L is not performed illumination. At this time, the front lighting unit 2L, the timing controller 25, as the first coherent light CL1 is incident on the entire area of ​​the first hologram area 67a, to control the emission timing of the first coherent light CL1. On the other hand, the timing control unit 25, the whole area of ​​the second hologram region 67b, the second coherent light CL2 is so not incident, controls the light emission timing of the second coherent light CL2.
[0080]
　On the other hand, FIG. 14 (A), (B) are diagrams for explaining a lighting mode of a predetermined forward range illumination portion 11L of the front lighting unit 2L. 14 (A) is a diagram when viewed forward from the vehicle V side, FIG. 14 (B) is a diagram when viewed automotive V from above.
[0081]
　FIG. 14 (A), the in the example of (B), the pedestrian W appears on the left front of the motor vehicle V, the driver visually the pedestrian W, line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, the driver's line of sight orientation and / or face indicates the illumination mode according to a predetermined forward range illuminating unit 11L when it is detected that the facing front left. Incidentally, the hatched region in FIG. 14 (A) shows the area that is illuminated, the hatched region in FIG. 14 (B) shows a state in which illumination light is emitted. In this case, as shown in FIG. 14 (A), (B), the main lighting portion 10L of the front lighting unit 2L in the lighting device 1, while illuminating the front main area S1, a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L is walking who W illuminates the area positioned. In this case, the timing controller 25, to illuminate the second partial area 50b where the pedestrian W corresponds to a region located, so that the second coherent light CL2 is incident only on a specific second element hologram region 68b to, to control the light emission timing of the second coherent light CL2.
[0082]
　Thus the front lighting unit 2L, it is possible to illuminate an area which the driver wishes to check, according to the illumination apparatus 1 of this embodiment, it is possible to support the comfortable driving or maneuvering operation Alternatively it is possible to improve the safety of the maneuver. Incidentally, the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, the driver's orientation and / or or right front face of the line of sight, when it is detected that the facing upper front or the like, a predetermined forward range illuminating unit 11L is, in these directions It can of course be able to illuminate the corresponding region.
[0083]
　Next, FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining a lighting mode of the rear lighting unit 3. Figure 15 (A) ~ (C) are views when viewed automotive V from above. In the drawings, the hatched region shows a state in which the illumination light is emitted.
[0084]
　In the example of FIG. 15 (A), the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, shows an illumination mode by the rear lighting unit 3 when it is detected that the driver has visually rearview mirror 101. In this case, the rear lighting unit 3 illuminates the center range S31 in one of the rear predetermined range S3. In this case, the timing controller 75, to illuminate a partial region 95 which corresponds to the region behind the rearview mirror 101 of the automobile V is Utsushidasu, so that the third coherent light CL3 is incident only to a particular element hologram area 98 to, to control the emission timing of the third coherent light CL3.
[0085]
　Further, in the example of FIG. 15 (B), the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, shows an illumination mode by the rear lighting unit 3 when the driver is detected that views the left side mirror 102L. In this case, the rear lighting unit 3 illuminates a range S32 in the left of the rear predetermined range S3. In this case, the timing controller 75, to illuminate a partial region 95 which corresponds to the left side mirror 102L is Utsushidasu region of the motor vehicle V, such that the third coherent light CL3 is incident only to a particular element hologram area 98 to, to control the emission timing of the third coherent light CL3.
[0086]
　Further, in the example of FIG. 15 (C), line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, shows an illumination mode by the rear lighting unit 3 when the driver is detected that views the right side mirror 102R. In this case, the rear lighting unit 3 illuminates a range S33 in the right of the rear predetermined range S3. In this case, the timing controller 75, to illuminate a partial region 95 which corresponds to the region where the right side mirror 102R of the car V is Utsushidasu, so that the third coherent light CL3 is incident only to a particular element hologram area 98 to, to control the emission timing of the third coherent light CL3.
[0087]
　In this way, by the rear lighting unit 3, it is possible to illuminate an area which the driver wishes to check, according to the illumination apparatus 1 of this embodiment, it is possible to support the comfortable driving or maneuvering, it is possible to improve the safety of operation or steering.
[0088]
　According to the lighting device 1 of the present embodiment as described above, the front lighting unit 2L and the rear lighting unit 3, based on the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the sight line of the driver viewing direction detection unit 4 detects , it controls the light distribution of the illumination light. Specifically, a predetermined forward range illumination portion 11L of the front lighting unit 2L is, the region in the predetermined forward range S2, which is positioned in the direction of orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the sight line of the driver viewing direction detection unit 4 detects to illuminate the controls light distribution of the forward sub-illumination light L11. On the other hand, the rear illumination unit 3, the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, when it is detected visually rearview mirror 101, side mirror 102L or side mirror 102R by the driver, so as to illuminate the respective mirror Utsushidasu region, backlighting controlling the light distribution of the light L20. Thus, according to the illumination apparatus 1 of this embodiment, it is possible to support the comfortable driving or steering, can improve the safety of operation or steering.
[0089]
　Further, the front lighting unit 2L of the present embodiment, in addition to a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L, the main illumination unit for illuminating the front main range S1 by injecting forward main illumination light L1 toward the front of the vehicle V It has a 10L. Then, a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L is configured to illuminate the front predetermined range S2, which is set on the outer peripheral side of the front main range S1. Thus, while illuminating the front main range S1 by main illuminating unit 10L, as necessary, the area where the outer peripheral side of the driver's front main range S1 is hope confirmation, be illuminated by a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L it can. This makes it possible to effectively illuminate the area ahead of the motor vehicle V.
[0090]
　In the present embodiment, the front main range S1 is, since it is set in a compatible range predetermined light distribution standard for headlights of the vehicle, the illumination for the front of the minimum necessary area of ​​the vehicle V performed while, in a predetermined forward range S2 of the range outside orientation standards can flexibly illuminate an area desired by the driver for confirmation.
[0091]
　Further, a predetermined forward range illumination portion 11L of the front lighting unit 2L, by injecting a forward sub-illumination light L11 by diffusing second coherent light CL2 from the second light source section 24a of the coherent light source 24, a predetermined forward range S2 It has an optical element 23 comprising a second diffusion region 23b for illuminating the. The second diffusion region 23b of the optical element 23 has a plurality of second element diffusion region 28b, each of the plurality of second element diffusion region 28b, the diffusion of the second coherent light CL2 incident, forward illuminating a second portion region 50b in a predetermined range S2, at least a portion of the second portion region 50b which is illuminated by each of the plurality of second element diffusion region 28b, are different, respectively. Then, a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L by switching whether to enter a second coherent light CL2 to a plurality of second element diffusion region 28b, so as to control the light distribution of the forward sub-illumination light L11 there.
[0092]
　Thus, by switching whether to enter a second coherent light CL2 to a plurality of second element diffusion region 28b, it is possible to switch the area to easily illuminate.
[0093]
　In particular, in a predetermined forward range illumination portion 11L of the present embodiment, the timing controller 25, in synchronization with the scanning timing of the second coherent light CL2 by the optical scanning element 26a, and controls the light emission timing of the second coherent light CL2 Te controls incident timing of the optical element 23, so as to switch whether or not to enter the second coherent light CL2 to a plurality of second element diffusion region 28b. Thus, the second coherent light CL2 incident on each point within the second element diffusion region 28b will become the incident angle varies with time, as a result, the speckle in the second illuminated region 50b it can be inconspicuous. In this embodiment, the rear lighting unit 3 also, since the same configuration as a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L, as with a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L described above, by switching the region to easily illuminate it is, can be made inconspicuous speckle in the illuminated region 90.
[0094]
　Further, in this embodiment, the front lighting unit 2L is configured as a lighting unit and a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L for illuminating the main lighting unit 10L and the front predetermined range S2 for illuminating the front main range S are integrated ing. To integrate the main illumination portion 10L and a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L, the front lighting unit 2L is second light source for emitting a first light source unit 24a and the second coherent light CL2 emit first coherent light CL1 a coherent light source 24 having a section 24b, the timing control unit 25 for controlling the first coherent light CL1 and the second coherent light CL2 individually, the first coherent light CL1 which is controlled by the timing control unit 25 is incident 1 diffusion region 23a and the optical element 23 having a second diffusion region 23b of the second coherent light CL2 which is controlled by the timing control unit 25 is incident, the first coherent light CL1 from a coherent light source 24 on the first diffusion region 23a together it is scanned in the second coherent light CL2 second diffusion region An optical scanning member 26a which is scanned over 3b, and a.
[0095]
　Thus, it is achieved to reduce the size of the front lighting unit 2L. Also in the main lighting unit 10L, by which it is possible to flexibly change the illumination mode, it is possible to perform effective lighting. Note that the main illumination portion 10L of the front lighting unit 2L, may be a separate device and a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L.
[0096]
　Note that it is possible to make various modifications to the embodiment described above.
[0097]
　For example, FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a modification of the installation position of the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4. As shown in FIG. 16, in this modification, the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4 is disposed on top of the dashboard which is located below the front window FW, which is disposed in front of the driver. In this example, line-of-sight direction detecting section 4, based on the image of the captured face of the driver of the driver reflected in arranged front window FW in front of the driver's line of sight the orientation and / or the face orientation It is designed to detect. In such modification, the line-of-sight direction detecting section 4 is disposed at a position inconspicuous, it is possible to suppress the vehicle compartment becomes complicated.
[0098]
　Further, in the embodiment described above, the light source of a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L is coherent light source, the light source may be an LED light source or the like. Further, in the embodiment described above, a predetermined forward range illuminating unit 11L is, it is possible to illuminate the inside of the front predetermined range S2, in response to detection of gaze direction detection unit 4, partial regions within this range S2 it is possible to illuminate. However, instead of such a manner, by swinging the light source in response to the detection of gaze direction detection unit 4, such a manner as to illuminate a desired region may be employed. Further, in response to the detection of gaze direction detection unit 4 may be switched to light up the light source. Specifically, a light source for illuminating a predetermined range of the rear of the moving body is provided, in response to the detection of gaze direction detection unit 4 may be switched lighting of the light source (on-off). Further, in the embodiment described above, in a predetermined forward range illumination unit 11L, an optical scanning member 26a, along to scan the first coherent light CL1 from a coherent light source 24 on the first diffusion region 23a of the optical element 23, the 2 coherent light CL2 has described aspects of scanning on the second diffusion region 23b of the optical element 23. However, the coherent light source 24, the element light source unit for emitting a coherent light may be configured to (a laser light source section) as the laser array in which a plurality arranged in an array, in this case, the optical scanning element 26a is not provided good. More specifically, in this case, the coherent light source 24, has a first laser array to incident coherent light into the first diffusion region 23a, and the second laser array is incident coherent light in the second diffusion region 23b, a it may be. Then, each of the plurality of elements the light source unit in the first laser array, is incident coherent light to different first element diffusion region 28a in the first diffusion region 23a, each of the plurality of elements the light source unit according to the second laser array , coherent light may be adapted to be incident to different second element diffusion region 28b in the second diffusion region 23b. Even with this configuration, in terms of a plurality of elements the light source unit Light is selectively switching the, only the area to be illuminated can perform light distribution control such partially illuminated. The configuration of the laser array described here can also be applied in the back-illumination unit 3.
[0099]
　Further, in the embodiment described above, the lighting device 1 has been described vehicle V as a moving body mounted, the mobile motorcycle, aircraft such as airplanes, trains, ships, even diving, etc. I do not care. The illumination apparatus 1, the range of illumination is not limited to the above embodiment, for example, the lighting unit capable illumination is provided a side of the moving body, light distribution and lighting of the illumination light of the lighting unit it may be controlled in response to the detection of gaze direction detection unit 4.

The scope of the claims
[Claim 1]
　A lighting apparatus mounted on a moving object,
　the illumination light emitted from said moving body, and illuminable predetermined range illuminating unit within a predetermined range,
　the pilot's line of sight of the moving body orientation and / or the face of the and a line-of-sight direction detecting section for detecting the orientation,
　the predetermined range illumination part, based on the gaze direction orientation of the detector line of sight of the operator detected and / or the face orientation, distribution of the illumination light controls lighting of the light or the illumination light, the illumination device.
[Claim 2]
　The predetermined range illumination unit to illuminate the area within the predetermined range in which the gaze direction detection unit is positioned in the direction of orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the line of sight of the operator detected, distribution of the illumination light controls lighting of the light or the illumination light, the illumination device according to claim 1.
[Claim 3]
　The lighting device, by injecting a forward main illumination light toward the front of the moving body further comprises a main illuminating unit that illuminates the front main range,
　the predetermined range illumination unit, in front of the moving body and it emits the illumination light toward said is adapted to illuminate a predetermined range set on the outer peripheral side of the front main range, the illumination device according to claim 2.
[Claim 4]
　The moving body is a vehicle,
　the front main range is set to fit a range in a predetermined light distribution standard for headlights of the vehicle,
　the predetermined range is set to a range outside the light distribution standard are lighting device according to claim 3.
[Claim 5]
　Wherein the moving body, the image of the peripheral region of the movable body and the mirror member for reflecting is provided on the operator side,
　the predetermined range illumination unit, the peripheral which the mirror member for reflecting the operator side being adapted to illuminate a region including a region,
　the sight line direction detecting unit, on the basis of the orientation of the pilot's line of sight and / or facial orientation, whether the operator has visually the mirror member detects,
　the predetermined range illumination unit, the line-of-sight direction detecting section, when said by operator detects a visual of the mirror member, so as to illuminate the surrounding area, the light distribution or the of the illumination light controls lighting of the illumination light, the illumination device according to claim 1.
[Claim 6]
　The predetermined range illumination unit includes
　a coherent light source emitting coherent light,
　by injecting the illumination light by diffusing the coherent light, anda optical element which illuminates the predetermined range,
　the optical element has a plurality of elements diffusion regions, each of the plurality of element diffusion region, the diffusion of the incident coherent light illuminates the partial area within the predetermined range, illumination by each of said plurality of elements diffusion region the partial region at least a portion of which is, are different from each
　predetermined range illumination unit, either the coherent light from the coherent light source is switched whether to be incident to the plurality of element diffusion region, or by from the plurality of element diffusion region switches whether light is incident to the predetermined range, controlling the light distribution of the illumination light, Lighting device according to any one of Motomeko 1 to 5.
[Claim 7]
　The predetermined range illumination unit
　further comprises a timing controller for individually controlling the illumination timing of the incident timing or the predetermined range, to the optical element of the coherent light illumination apparatus according to claim 6.
[8.]
　Comprising a scanning unit for scanning the coherent light emitted by the coherent light source on said optical element, an illumination device according to claim 7.
[Claim 9]
　The scanning unit includes an optical scanning member for the traveling direction of the emitted said coherent light is periodically changed by the coherent light source, the lighting device according to claim 8.
[Claim 10]
　The optical scanning member, the coherent light from the coherent light source, the cyclically scanned over the incident surface of the optical element,
　wherein the timing controller synchronizes the scanning timing of the coherent light by the optical scanning member Te, and controls the light emission timing of the coherent light, by controlling the incident timing of the said optical element of the coherent light, the said coherent light from the coherent light source whether or not to enter the plurality of elements diffusion region switching lighting device according to claim 9.
[Claim 11]
　Said optical element is a holographic recording medium,
　each of said plurality of elements diffusion regions, an element hologram area having a fringe pattern that is different respectively, the lighting device according to any one of claims 6 to 10.
[Claim 12]
　Wherein a main illumination unit which comprises a lighting unit having a predetermined range illumination unit,
　the lighting unit,
　the second light source unit for emitting a first light source unit and the second coherent light emits first coherent light a coherent light source having,
　having an optical element having a second diffusion region where the first diffusion region and the second coherent light is incident to the first coherent light is incident,
　the first light source unit and the the first diffusion region, said constitutes the main lighting unit, the first diffusion region, by injecting the forward main illumination light by diffusing the first coherent light, so as to illuminate the front main range it is,
　the second light source unit and the second diffusion region is to constitute the predetermined range illumination unit, the second diffusion region by diffusing the second coherent light By injecting the illuminating light, the adapted to illuminate a predetermined range,
　said second diffusion region has a plurality of second element diffusion regions, each of the plurality of second element diffusion region , by diffusion of the incident second coherent light illuminates the second partial region within the predetermined range, at least a portion of the second partial area illuminated by each of the plurality of second element diffusion region , are different from each
　predetermined range illumination unit, either the second coherent light from the coherent light source is switched whether to be incident to the plurality of second element diffusion region or the plurality of second by the element diffusion region switches whether light is incident to the predetermined range, controlling the light distribution of the illumination light within the predetermined range, illumination instrumentation according to claim 3 or 4 .
[Claim 13]
　Said optical element is a holographic recording medium,
　each of the plurality of second element diffusion regions, an element hologram area having a fringe pattern that is different respectively, the lighting device according to claim 12.
[Claim 14]
　The first diffusion region has a plurality of first element diffusion region, each of the plurality of first element diffusion region, the diffusion of the incident first coherent light, a first portion of the said front main range illuminating the region, at least a portion of said first partial area illuminated by each of the plurality of first element diffusion regions are different from each
　said main illumination unit, the first from the coherent light source or coherent light switches whether to be incident to the plurality of first element diffusion region, or by switching whether light is incident to the front main range of the plurality of first element diffusion region, wherein controlling the light distribution of the front main illumination light within the front main range, the illumination apparatus according to claim 12 or 13.
[Claim 15]
　The lighting unit,
　a timing control unit for individually controlling the illumination timing of the first coherent light and the incident timing of the second coherent light of the optical element or the predetermined range and the front main range, claims the illumination device according to 14.
[Claim 16]
　Wherein said emitted coherent light source first coherent light and provided with a scanning unit for scanning the second coherent light source on said optical element, an illumination device according to claim 15.
[Claim 17]
　The scanning unit, the illumination apparatus of claim 16, comprising an optical scanning member for periodically changing the traveling direction of the light emitted said first coherent light and coherent light source and the second coherent light.
[Claim 18]
　The optical scanning member, said first coherent light from the coherent light source, the cyclically scanned with the first diffusion region of the optical element, the second coherent light from the coherent light source, the optical element cyclically scanned with the second diffusion region of
　said timing control unit, the optical scanning element in synchronization with the scanning timing of the first coherent light and said second coherent light by said first coherent light and the second controls the emission timing of the coherent light, wherein the first coherent light and said second coherent light by controlling the incident timing of the optical element, the first coherent light the plurality of first element diffusion region with switches whether to enter the incident said second coherent light to the plurality of second element diffusion region Switches whether to lighting device according to claim 17.
[Claim 19]
　The gaze direction detecting unit, on the basis of the pilot's face to directly captured image, detects the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the line of sight of the operator, according to any one of claims 1 to 18 lighting device.
[Claim 20]
　The gaze direction detecting unit, on the basis of the pilot's face of the operator reflected in arranged front window forward image captured, detects the orientation of the orientation and / or the face of the sight line of the driver the lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 18.