FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
[See section 10]
IMPROVED COOLING TOWER;


MIHIR ENGINEERS LIMITED A COMPANY INCORPORATED UNDER THE COMPANIES ACT, 1956 WHOSE ADDRESS IS 317, NEELAM, WORLI SEA FACE ROAD, MUMBAI - 400 018;

THE FOLLOWING SPECIFICATION PARTICULARLY DESCRIBES THE NATURE OF THE INVENTION AND THE MANNER IN WHICH IT IS TO BE PERFOMED.


Cooling Tower is a device to dissipate the heat absorbed by the water in the water cooled condenser, to the atmospheric air. The economic reason for the use of Cooling Tower is to conserve the water by re-circulating it from condenser to Cooling Tower and back.
Cooling Towers are required for industries where hot process water is to be cooled and re-circulated. By this, there will be assured water supply at required temperature so as to run the system efficiently.
Cooling Towers are required for:
1) Thermal Power Stations
2) State Electricity Boards
3) Steel Plants
4) Captive Power Plants for Steel, Cement, Aluminium etc.
5) Oil Refineries
6) Petro-Chemical Industries
7) Fertilizer Plants
8) Sugar Plants
9) Hotel Industry
10) Air Conditioning & Refrigeration etc.
Industries require large quantities of water for process cooling. In the past water required for process cooling used to be taken from natural streams like rivers, ponds etc. and returned hot water used to be thrown away as waste. In the latter part of 19th century those industries who had limited supply of

water resorted to spray ponds where hot water is sent through spray nozzles resulting cooling of hot water due to atomization in the air and thereby cold water is collected in the pond.
The amount of cooling depends upon the effective climatic conditions. There are losses due to evaporation and other factors. The spray require large surface area for cooling a certain quantity of water. From these spray ponds cooled water is re-circulated back to the process.
Large quantity of water is required for Cooling "Turbine condensers for Thermal Power Plants, Captive Power Plants, Steel Industries etc. It is not always possible to set up Plants near to the natural resources of water. Even if they are constructed very near to the natural source of water like river there is no guarantee for assured water supply due to the vagaries of nature.
Therefore it has become necessary for the industries to cool large amount of hot process water to the needs of large quantities of cold water and the only answer to meet such demand is 'COOLING TOWERS'.
Cooling Towers are essentially a heat exchanging mechanism where heat is transferred by evaporation from hot water to atmospheric air. The amount of heat transferred depends upon the wet bulb temperature of the locality.
Cooling Towers used in closed cycle, once-through and combined operation provide several contributions to environmental protection since they :

Dramatically reduce (by about 95-98%) Industries' water consumption diminish air pollution (air washer)
Preclude pollution of rivers and lakes by heating and any other pollution (ingress of service liquids etc.)
Classification of Cooling Towers :
Cooling Towers are essentially two types :
A]. Mechanical Induced Draft Cooling Towers and
B]. Natural Draft Cooling Towers
The Induced draft Cooling Towers require following mechanical equipment:
1. Gear Boxes to reduce the speed of the Motor and run the Fan at lower speed.
2. The Fan is normally of larger diameter delivering large quantity of air under worst humid, hot and corrosive atmospheric conditions.
3. Drive Shaft connecting the Gear Box and the Motor.
4. Electrical Motor to give the necessary power for Gear Box to drive the Fan.
5. The Fill Material for Film type is made of PVC or Polystyrene. The Fill Material for Splash type is of treated wood, PVC, pre-stressed concrete and asbestos cement.
6. Water Distribution system.

In addition to the above major mechanical components other accessories like Sluice Gates, Handling Devices, FJow Control Valves and Hot Water Headers are required. The entire Cooling Tower is of reinforced concrete framing or of treated wood framing. The package type Cooling Towers are of Wood, PVC, Galvanized Sheet metal etc.
In addition to this the conventional cooling tower comprises of PVC fills (305) stacked on structure inside the FRP casing. Water distribution header (304) is provided on the top of the PVC fills (305) which distributes the incoming water over the entire cross section of the PVC fills (305). Fan stack (301) provided at the top portion of cooling tower sucks the air through the PVC fills (305) over which the inlet water flows to get desired cooling effect, by process of evaporative cooling. A cage ladder (302) is provided to facilitate maintenance.
In 'Conventional Cooling Tower", Shown in Fig. 1 it is normal practice to provide Louvers (101) at air entry to avoid water carryover due to wind and also for proper air distribution.
In 'Conventional Cooling Tower" on account of Louvers the area available for air entry is not completely free.

In 'Conventional Cooling Tower' many a times air does not reach in the center of the Cooling Tower which leads to air pocket (102) and center portion of the Tower remains unutilized for cooling.
Louvers are nothing but set of many plates arranged in a particular angle at a given distance as is evident from the Fig. 1, (101). The very arrangement of Louver assembly is complicated and costly consuming lot of time during the installation / erection of Cooling Tower.
In the present invention as described hence further, Air is guided by at least 6 Nos. of large plates vertically oriented (herein after called Air Guiders) placed at the bottom portion of the Cooling Tower. These Air Guiders (201) can be made in cement-concrete construction, RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete) or Sheet Metal Construction or FRP (Fiber Glass Reinforced Plastic) or Asbestos Cement Sheet Construction (AC Sheet) or any other material of construction. The arrangement of the same is simple and less costly as such plates are less in numbers. Installation / erection of this is simple and less costly as such plates are less in numbers. Installation / erection of this is simple and takes very little time and saves labour cost. In 'Conventional Cooling Tower* because of the Louvers (101), Cooling Tower basin (103) is not easily accessible. In the present invention, Cooling Tower basin (104) is easily accessible for the purpose of cleaning and maintenance thereby efficiency and life of the Cooling Tower is increased.

In 'Conventional Cooling Tower" if water falling is uneven, due to choking of Fills or improper distribution of water, the same cannot be easily seen because of the Louvers (101) whereas in present invention unobstructed view of Falling Water is available. If uneven water falling occurs it is very much visible indicating the malfunctioning of the water distribution or choking of the Fills, and therefore corrective / remedial measure can be taken in time. Consequently, this improves the efficiency and life of the water distribution system and that of the Fill. In fact, efficiency of the entire system is improved.
Moreover the construction of the basic structure of the Cooling Tower is changed to Reinforced Cement Concrete (RCC) construction as shown in Fig. 4, comprising of RCC beams (401), RCC Columns (402), RCC Guiders (403), and RCC Basin (404). This construction imparts the Cooling Tower strong construction free of vibrations and having less manufacturing and erection time.

We Claim :
1. An improved Cooling Tower with at least 6 Nos. Air Guiders i.e. Guide Plates for incoming air, placed at the bottom portion of the Cooling Tower. These plates being made of either RCC structure or Sheet Metal Construction or FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics) or AC Sheet (Asbestos Cement Sheet)
2. The improved Cooling Tower as claimed in Claim - 1 having reinforced cement concrete structural construction having RCC beams, columns, guiders and water basins.
3. The improved Cooling Tower is claimed in Claims 1 and 2 having :

1. Gear Boxes to reduce the speed of the Motor and run the fan at lower speed;
2. The Fan delivering large quantity of air under worst humid, hot and corrosive atmospheric conditions;
3. Motor directly connected to the gear box without any drive shaft;
4. Electrical Motor to give the necessary power of Gear Box to drive the Fan;
5. The Fill Material for Film type made of PVC or Polystyrene, the Fill Material for Splash type of treated wood, PVC, pre-stressed concrete and asbestos cement.
6. Water Distribution system.

In addition to the above major mechanical components other accessories like Sluice Gates, Handling Device, Flow Control Valves and Hot Water Headers being used, the entire Cooling Tower being of reinforced concrete framing or of treated wood framing, the package type Cooling Towers being of Wood, PVC, Galvanized Sheet Metal etc.
Dated this 16th day of August, 2001.
FOR MIHIR ENGINEERS LIMITED By their Agent

(RANI BOAZ)-KRISHNA & 3AURASTRI