Indoxacarb IRS

Background of the invention

Indoxacarb is also known as DPX-KN128 S-enantiomer and is chemically (S)-7-chloro-3-[methoxycarbonyl-(4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-carbamoyl]-2,5-dihydro-indeno[l,2-e][l,3,4] oxadiazine-4a(3H)- carboxylic acid methyl ester. The compound belongs to a chemical class known as oxadiazines and has the following chemical structure:

Vector control is an important part of the current global strategy for controlling major vector-borne diseases. The main vector control methods include the use of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITN) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) and Larvicide application.

These methods rely on the continuing susceptibility of the vectors to a limited number of insecticides. Indoor Residual Spraying is the application of long-acting chemical insecticides on the walls and roofs of houses and domestic animal shelters in a given area, for example, to kill the adult vector mosquitoes and sand flies and other vectors that land and rest on these surfaces.

In practice, the effectiveness of IRS for malaria control depends on the adherence to the specified insecticide application procedure criteria and public acceptance. The IRS technique has an advantage of reducing contact with the vector throughout the house at any time.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide use of Indoxacarb as a solution or a remedy or a tool for controlling vectors causing diseases.

It is another object of the invention to use Indoxacarb as IRS with suitable formulations.

Detailed description of the invention

All insecticides in general are hazardous can be harmful if improperly used. They can enter the body by three different routes: Contact (dermal), Oral (ingestion) and Nasal (Respiration).

Accidental Poisoning may occur while preparing, spraying, storing, or transporting insecticides. Taking special safety precautions minimizes the risk of accidental poisoning.

Active ingredients (for insecticides) are seldom used at full strength but are formulated with other substances. The typical ingredients of a formulation include an active ingredient, solvents, stabilizers, carriers, surface active agents, and special additives. The purpose of these inert materials may be generate good stability and to help in dispersion, reduction in toxicity, to dissolve the active ingredient, act as carriers, disperse the active ingredient, improve effectiveness, reduce toxicity, making the resulting formulation diluted, extended, and.easier to apply. Formulation makes an insecticide application user friendly and aimed at a particular vector/s.

Indoxacarb can be used in any of the following formulations and these are described in detail in another co pending patent application by the inventors. The formulations described include suspension concentrates, water dispersible powders, water dispersible granules, wettable powder, emulsion concentrate, micro emulsions, solutions, capsulated suspensions, emulsion, oil in water and the like.

Indoxacarb IRS is found to be an aid in mosquito resistance management as the currently used sprays have developed resistance in malaria causing Anopheles mosquitoes. It also envisages higher repellent action against malaria causing Anopheles mosquitoes and thereby useful in prevention of malaria.

Fabric impregnation - Indoxacarb bonded to the netting with a resin Indoxacarb and the formulations thereof can be used to impregnate the fabric which can be used as an aid against the disease causing vectors. More specifically, Indoxacarb can be used to impregnate the bed nets. The treated bed nets can be used as a protection against
mosquitoes and other vectors.

Currently used nets are with pyrethroids and have developed resistance in malaria causing Anopheles mosquitoes. One of the plausible advantages in using fabric impregnated with Indoxacarb is that it has very low chance of developing resistance.

The inventors have found that it is possible to make Long Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets (LLfNTs) using Indoxacarb. These nets do not require any re-treatment upto 20 - 25 washes.

In the case of Indoxacarb bonded to the netting with a resin, the mortality was 100% upto 18 washes and more than 80% upto 25 washes.

Knock down rates come down when the number of washes goes up.

Use of Indoxacarb to control crop pests

The inventors have found that Indoxacarb can be used to treat crop pests like Homoptera, including the families Aphididae (aphids), Aleyrodidae (whiteflies), Delphacidae (planthoppers), and Cicadellidae (leafhoppers) and insects like Coleoptera (beetles), including the family Chrysomelidae (leaf beetles).

Additionally, it can also be used to control lepidopterans such as tobacco budworm and cabbage looper and all bollworms including Haliothis and Borers, caterpillar. The application is particularly useful in field, cash and tropical fruits and some vegetables.

Indoxacarb can also be used to inhibit insect and mite population which comprises applying to a site of infestation of the insect or mite an effective insect- or mite-inactivating amount of Indoxacarb. The site of infestation of insects or mites means the environment in which the insects or mites live or where their eggs are present, including the air surrounding them, the food they eat, or objects or materials which they contact.

For example, plant-ingesting insects and mites can be controlled by applying Indoxacarb to plant parts that the insects or mites eat, particularly the foliage. Soil-inhabiting insects such as termites can be controlled by applying Indoxacarb to the soil that the insects move through.

Use of Indoxacarb to control non crop pests

The inventors have also found that Indoxacarb can also be used to treat non crop pests like different species of cockroaches, ants, bees, wasps, sawflies and other nuisance pestST

We Claim:

1. Use of Indoxacarb IRS in the prevention of malaria

2. Use of Indoxacarb in the fabric impregnation as an aid against disease causing vectors.

3. Use of Indoxacarb to control crop pests and non crop pests