Technical field
[0001]This technology information generation method of generating information for a specific environmental stresses vegetation, the information generating apparatus, and a program for realizing these.
BACKGROUND
[0002]Growth of photosynthetic activity and plant associated therewith plants, sunshine, temperature, VPD, CO 2 concentration, soil moisture, the affected environmental conditions such as fertilizer components in the soil, the plants in the state of the same environment show a different behavior by order of the state to the kind and the environment.
Thus for good growth of plants, and to understand the state of the environment, to monitor the internal state of the plant with a temporal change for each plant type and development stage, controls the development environment in accordance with the state It is important to.
[0003]Patent Document 1 below, as a spectroscopic measurement method of water stress, by performing the measurement of the water stress is disclosed by deriving a correlation from physical measurement of the spectroscopic measurement and water potential.
Patent Document 2 red method for measuring the water stress is disclosed the use of a movement of the change point of the spectral reflectance in the near-infrared region.
Patent Document 3, taken by the remote sensing to overlap the field of the reference area and the vicinity of the imaging information and the crop information of the reference area (by field survey using a portable meter), crop information of the field in the vicinity discloses be corrected.
CITATION
Patent Document
[0004]Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 5186635
Patent Document 2: Patent No. 4524473 Patent Publication
Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent No. 5162890
Summary of the Invention
Problems that the Invention is to Solve
[0005]Meanwhile, general monitoring the internal state of the plant quickly and accurately is very difficult. For example, that sunshine is photosynthesis enough even the temperature is too low is in a state that not be enough, either judging from past experience, or a result the state has passed the number of days remains constant growth is not sufficient to observe it is difficult to determine as long as you can not.
　And not particularly in environmental conditions are constant, in the outdoor environment where multiple environmental stress occurs, identify and quantify environmental conditions that influence plant growth, or it is difficult to perform addressing in accordance with the state is there.
　For example, even when using the techniques described in the above patent documents, when a plurality of stress can occur at the same time, it is difficult to observe with discriminating a specific environmental stresses.
[0006]
　In addition, reduction and irrigation water to the water shortages due to drought in the beginning, reduction of fertilizer to beginning the environmental pollution has been desired.
　For example although in soil moisture sensor can appropriately set the irrigation water if measuring soil moisture, the vast field not achieved becomes high cost.
　Although spectroscopic measurement of plants in imaging by a camera which is inexpensive to, to indirectly measure in the form of plants of environmental stress reactions that cause when a plurality of environmental stress in the field have coincided (eg water shortage) It can not be discrimination. For example, if you reduce the irrigation water, whether the water shortages have had a negative effect on growth, other environmental stress does not know whether the cause of the, a determination is appropriate to reduce the amount of this for irrigation water becomes difficult.
[0007]
　The present technique, even in an environment where a plurality of environmental stress may occur at the same time, and an object thereof is to allow relatively easily grasp the specific environmental stresses.
Means for Solving the Problems
[0008]
　Information generating method according to the present disclosure is a method for generating information relating to environmental stresses vegetation. Then perform a vegetation information acquisition procedure for obtaining the vegetation information, and the difference acquisition procedure to obtain the difference information between the reference vegetation information about specific environmental stresses and the vegetation information using the imaging signals of vegetation.
　Environmental stress vegetation Although there are several, and calculates information relating to a particular environmental stresses. For example, in stress substantially the same conditions such as temperature conditions and drying conditions, and calculates the information for a specific environmental stresses (e.g., water stress). A reference vegetation information in the state the specific environmental stresses not for this, obtains the difference vegetation information in a state in which there may be specific environmental stresses, which the information about the specific environmental stresses.　
[0009]
　In the information generating method described above, in the vegetation information acquisition procedure, together with obtaining the vegetation information of the reference area from the image signal of the being and the absence of certain environmental stresses reference zone, there may be a certain environmental stresses wherein the imaging signal state has been the measured area determined vegetation information of the measured zone, the said reference vegetation information acquisition procedure, and calculates the reference vegetation information using the vegetation information of the reference area, the difference acquisition procedure So it is conceivable to perform the difference operation of said reference vegetation information and vegetation information of the measured area.
　For example, a part of the field and the reference area. The reference area is the state does not have, for example, water stress. The other part of the field and the measurement area, a state in which the irrigation conditions are different. And calculating information about a particular environmental stresses on the basis of their imaging signals.
[0010]
　In the information generating method described above, the reference zone, said the object to be measured zone is considered that provided at a location spaced apart.
　For example divides the field in the reference area and the measured area.
[0011]
　In the information generating method described above, the reference zone, the each be measured zone, said that provided adjacent to the measurement zone considered.
　That certain environmental stress conditions in a part of the measured zone is prepared without zone, and this reference area.
[0012]
　Determined in the information generating method described above, in the reference vegetation information acquisition procedure, the reference vegetation information to perform difference calculation between the vegetation information about the object to be measured zone, the imaging signal obtained the vegetation information and the same time zone it is conceivable to calculate using the vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal of the reference zone being.
　The number of imaging devices, type, equipment specific circumstances and such performance, depending on the circumstances, such as size of the farm, for the measurement zone and reference zone, some cases can be imaged at the same time zone, the same time zone is also the case that can not be captured. When the time zone is different, by environmental conditions such as sunlight conditions and temperature changes, calculated specific other than environmental stress conditions to be changes. Therefore, so as to select the vegetation information for calculating a reference vegetation information using the imaging date and time information added to the image signal.
[0013]
　In the information generating method described above, in the vegetation information acquisition procedure, together with obtaining the vegetation information from the first image pickup signal picked when the absence of the specific environmental stresses to be measured zone, the object to be measured zone seek vegetation information from the second imaging signal obtained by imaging when a state in which there may be the specific environmental stresses, in the reference vegetation information acquisition procedure, the reference using the vegetation information obtained from the first image pickup signal calculates vegetation information, in the differential acquisition procedure, it is conceivable to perform difference calculation between vegetation information obtained from the second image pickup signal the reference vegetation information.
　For example keep certain environmental stress conditions for field as an object to be measured area can be variably controlled. And generating a reference vegetation information based on the first image pickup signal when not wearing a particular environmental stresses. And the reference vegetation information, performs a differential operation between the vegetation information obtained from the second image pickup signal when applying certain environmental stresses.
[0014]
　In the information generating method described above, the imaging signal is believed to be a captured image.
　In the information generating method described above, in the differential acquisition procedure, it is conceivable to generate image information as the difference information.
　For example, it generates image information representing the difference between the vegetation information and reference vegetation information obtained from the specific condition in which there may be environmental stress vegetation of the captured image.
[0015]
　In the information generating method described above, in the reference vegetation information acquisition procedure, in the calculation of the reference vegetation information, it is conceivable to perform the averaging of the vegetation state information is no specific environmental stresses.
　There is some variation in the vegetation information obtained from the captured image in a particular environment stress free state. Therefore, the reference vegetation information as a representative value of the vegetation information, determined using the value obtained by the average value calculation.
[0016]
　In the information generating method described above, the specific environmental stresses, water stress, cold stress, heat stress, drought stress, carbon dioxide insufficient stress is considered be any of the nitrogen stress.
　In addition information generating method described above, the vegetation information, PRI, the chlorophyll fluorescence size is believed to be either a chlorophyll fluorescence index, or state transition reflectance.
[0017]
　Information generating apparatus according to the present technology, the vegetation information obtaining unit for obtaining the vegetation information using the imaging signals of vegetation, and a difference obtaining unit for obtaining the difference information between the reference vegetation information about specific environmental stresses and the vegetation information provided.
　Also, further comprising a reference vegetation information obtaining unit for obtaining the reference vegetation information using the vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal of the vegetation state the absence of specific environmental stresses.
　Reference vegetation information by the information generating device, for example a specific environmental stresses the absence of such water stress determined reference vegetation information based, for example, the vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal of the area may have a specific environmental stress it is possible to find the difference between.
[0018]
　An information generating apparatus described above, it is considered that further comprising an image acquisition unit that acquires a captured image data as an image pickup signal by an external imaging device.
　That the captured image vegetation captured by an external imaging device to acquire as data to be used for stress measurement process.
[0019]
　An information generating apparatus described above, the captured image data acquired by the image acquisition unit, a captured image of the vegetation state information is no specific environmental stresses, imaging of the vegetation information of a particular state in which there may be environmental stress it is contemplated that includes a segment acquisition unit for acquiring category information for discriminating the image.
　Whether the image of the captured image, for example, reference areas, to obtain information for distinguishing whether the image of the measurement area.
[0020]
　An information generating apparatus described above, the reference vegetation information acquiring unit, based on the sorting information, to determine the vegetation information obtained from the captured image of the vegetation state information no particular environmental stress, and the determination it is conceivable to determine the reference vegetation information using the vegetation information.
　Thereby obtaining a reference vegetation information by appropriately selecting the vegetation state information no specific environmental stresses.
[0021]
　An information generating apparatus described above, the captured image data acquired by the image acquisition unit, a captured image of the vegetation state information is no specific environmental stresses, imaging of the vegetation information of a particular state in which there may be environmental stress it is contemplated that comprises an image dividing unit that divides the image.
　If the image of one image and the measured area of for example the reference area in the captured image are mixed, and extracts division images of those areas.
[0022]
　An information generating apparatus described above, the reference vegetation information obtaining unit, the said reference vegetation information for vegetation information for a specific state in which there may be environmental stress, it is determined that the time zone and the imaging signal obtained the vegetation information that, it is conceivable to calculate using the vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal of the state the absence of specific environmental stresses.
　For example the reference vegetation information for vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal of the measured area is calculated using the vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal of the reference area captured in the same time zone.
[0023]
　An information generating apparatus described above, field, said the state without particular environmental stress, it is conceivable to include an instruction unit for instructing to change state may have the specific environmental stresses.
　For example, controlling the irrigation, a certain field to be able to change the state without a state where there may be water stress.
　An information generating apparatus described above, based on the difference information obtained by the difference obtaining unit, it is conceivable to include an instruction unit for controlling the environmental stress variable facilities.
　For example to allow such automatically controlling the valves for adjusting the irrigation amount based on difference information between the reference vegetation information.
　An information generating apparatus described above, in the difference obtaining unit, and generates an image information as the difference information, it is conceivable to include an image output unit which outputs the image information.
　For example outputs an image showing the difference information so as to correspond to the field (the measured area).
[0024]
　An information generating apparatus described above, the reference vegetation information obtaining unit, obtaining the reference vegetation information using the vegetation information the vegetation information obtaining unit has obtained from the imaging signal of the vegetation state the absence of specific environmental stresses It can be considered. That is, a vegetation no environmental stress conditions as differential information is obtained as a reference.
Effect of the invention
[0025]
　According to this technique, in an environment where a plurality of environmental stress, such as the field of outdoor can occur simultaneously, it is possible to understand the specific environmental stresses, environmental stressors discrimination and the results of crop management using optimization is possible.
　Here, the advantages described in the present invention is not necessarily limited, it may be any of the effects described in the present disclosure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026]
FIG. 1 is an illustration of a system configuration of the first embodiment of the present technology.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a field of the area set in the embodiment.
3 is an explanatory view of the flow of the calculation of the environmental stress information embodiments.
4 is a block diagram of a computer system for realizing the information generating apparatus of the embodiment.
5 is a flowchart of environmental stress information generation processing according to the embodiment.
6 is a flowchart showing a process of calculating vegetation index of the first embodiment.
It is an explanatory diagram of the case where [7] providing the reference zone with irrigation control units in the embodiment.
8 is an illustration of a system configuration of the second embodiment.
9 is a flowchart showing a process of calculating vegetation index of the second embodiment.
It is an explanatory view of a case where the reference area in FIG. 10 in the measurement zone of the irrigation control unit of the embodiment.
11 is an illustration of a system configuration of the third embodiment.
12 is a flowchart showing a process of calculating vegetation index of the third embodiment.
FIG. 13 is an illustration of a system configuration of the fourth embodiment.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory view of stress response observed in the fourth embodiment.
The irrigation tube in the form of FIG. 15 embodiment is an explanatory diagram of the case of changing the irrigation amount stepwise.
FIG. 16 is an explanatory view of a case where stepwise changing the irrigation amount each of the measurement areas with irrigation tube in the embodiment.
FIG. 17 is an explanatory view of a case where the breakage detection irrigation channel in the embodiment.
FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a fertilization for the measurement of nitrogen stress embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0027]
　Hereinafter, the embodiments will be described in the following order.
<1. First
Embodiment> <2. Second
Embodiment> <3. Third
Embodiment> <4. Fourth
Embodiment> <5. Irrigation amount of the
set> <6. Damage
detection> <7. Measurements of other environmental
stress> <8. Conclusion and Modification>
[0028]
<1. Embodiment> of the first embodiment
　1 as the first embodiment shows a system configuration including an information generating apparatus 1 to calculate the specific environmental stresses on vegetation.
　Information generating device 1 performs the specific environmental stresses calculated using the captured image which is an image pickup signal of the field to be calculated subject.
　Note In the embodiments, the case of measuring the water stress as certain environmental stresses will be described as an example.
[0029]
　In Figure 1 the reference area Aref Examples of field shows the measured area A1, A2 · · ·. Reference areas Aref, none of the measurement area A1, A2 ··· is a field that is growing the plants, crops. Here is the area for the environmental stress calculation is divided in. For example, the area is divided in irrigation equipment unit.
[0030]
　It shows the field of a state in FIG. Water is in the field supplied by the irrigation channel 12 is led to the irrigation settings valve 11 of each zone (11-R, 11-1,11-2 ···) .
　The reference area Aref is drawn is irrigation channel 12-R by watering tube for example, the irrigation amount is controlled by irrigation set valve 11-R.
　Also in the measurement area A1, A2 ... are watering path 12-1, 12-2, ... it is drawn by the same manner respectively, for example watering tube. Irrigation amount of irrigation path 12-1, 12-2, ... is controlled by irrigation set valve 11-1, 11-2 ..., respectively.
[0031]
　Thus reference area Aref, the measured area A1, A2 · · · can be set individually irrigation water, respectively. In other words, there is a zone which respectively can set the state of water stress.
[0032]
　It shows a small aircraft 200 in Figure 2. Aircraft 200 is for example an operator of the radio control, or by wireless autopilot or the like, it is possible to move the field of the sky. The aircraft 200 may be equipped with an imaging device 250, continue to image the vegetation of the reference area Aref and the measured area A1, A2 while moving the field of the sky.
[0033]
　FIG 1 shows schematically a reference area Aref and the measured area A1, A2 as shown in FIG. The area of ​​the reference area Aref and the measured area A1, A2, is arranged like an example. Is not particularly intended to such divided styles and area ratio of each zone is limited.
[0034]
　Irrigation controller 10, the irrigation set valves 11 (11-R, 11-1,11-2 ··· ) is a device for controlling the like opening amount of water.
　Irrigation controller 10 in this example may be supplied to control the respective irrigation amount setting valve 11 in accordance with an instruction or the like of the operator, the information generating apparatus 1 the information of the open water as the sorting information PI for each irrigation amount setting valve 11 It is the things.
[0035]
　Here, the reference area Aref, regardless of the other environmental conditions weather such a zone set sufficient irrigation amount so as not to water shortage. That is an area where water stress is that there is no state.
　Therefore reference area Aref illustrated is a zone irrigation setting valve 11 is controlled so as to be sufficiently irrigated by the irrigation control unit 10. The reference area Aref may be set as a fixed place, merely may be a controlled area to water stress the absence in performing environmental stress calculation, the reference area Aref is may be changed .
　On the other hand, the measurement area A1, A2 ··· is, each location, weather every time, in every development stage, has been the area to as much as possible minimum irrigation amount. Thus, the measured area A1, A2 · · · is a zone irrigation setting valve 11 is controlled to some extent irrigation amount by irrigation controller 10 is limited.
　Therefore, as the sorting information PI Irrigation controller 10, is supplied information irrigation of each zone (control information irrigation setting valve 11) to the information generating apparatus 1, the information generating apparatus 1, which zone (which irrigation area setting valve 11) is what areas in the reference area Aref becomes possible to determine the whether the object to be measured zone A1, A2.
[0036]
　Note the irrigation amount setting valve 11 may be of a structure to adjust manually open water. In that case, irrigation control apparatus 10 may not be provided. Also this case, classification information PI is considered that the staff set the irrigation water for each zone is manually input to the information generating device 1.
[0037]
　Information generating device 1 includes an image acquisition unit 21, vegetation index calculation unit 22, vegetation index buffer 23, segment acquisition section 24, the reference value calculation unit 25, difference calculation unit 26, an output buffer 27, the image output unit 28, an output data generation It has a part 29.
　Note that these units are each may be configured by hardware, but may be a function implemented by software (environmental stress information generating program) in a computer system, which will be described later. In the following, these portions will be described in the example is implemented as a functional block by software.
[0038]
　Image acquiring unit 21, for example, acquires image data captured by the imaging apparatus 250 or the like mounted on the aircraft 200 described above as the image to be used for the environmental stress calculation.
　The image acquisition unit 21, an image file Ref as the image data of the captured vegetation at least the reference area Aref, image files M1 as the image data of the captured vegetation of the measured area A1, A2 · · ·, M2 · · · to get.
　Note that the image file to be acquired (Ref, M1, M2 ···) is or an image data file received by the transmitted information generating apparatus 1 as a wired transmission or wireless transmission from the imaging device 250 and the relay device, the imaging device 250 by the side and another recording apparatus is recorded on the recording medium, the information generating apparatus 1 is an image data file to be acquired by reproducing the recording medium.
　The acquisition of the image files that have been captured by the image acquisition unit 21 (Ref, M1, M2 · · ·) is may be the real-time (during imaging), or at a later time. At least at the time of the environmental stress information generated reference area Aref and the measured area A1, A2 · · · of the image it need be acquired.
　Although further cites imaging device 250 mounted on the flying body 200 as an imaging apparatus for obtaining a captured image as an example, the image acquisition unit 21, and image captured by a fixed point camera installed in the field, human possessed it may configured to acquire images captured with the imaging device.
[0039]
　In the present embodiment, the image file by the image acquisition unit 21 acquires (Ref, M1, M2 ···) is assumed to be those containing spectral measurement image. That is, the imaging apparatus 250 is a multi-spectrum camera, includes a measurement image of any two or more wavelengths.
　Image file Ref 3 shows an example of data included in the image file M1. These image file contains multiple images of a wavelength indicated as "λ1", "λ2", "λ3" "λ4". It is shown here four, but shall have the images of at least two wavelengths.
　Also in the image file, the tag information TG is added. The tag information TG and shooting date and time information, GPS position information (latitude / longitude information) as (Global Positioning System) data, the imaging device information (individual identification information or model information such as a camera), for each image data information (image size, wavelength, and information) such as the imaging parameters.
[0040]
　Vegetation index computation unit 22 of the information generating apparatus 1 of FIG. 1 performs a process of obtaining a vegetation index that is information of vegetation by using images image acquiring unit 21 acquires.
　Index vegetation index calculation unit 22 as an index used to measure the environmental stress is operation,
- PRI (photochemical Reflectance index)
- the chlorophyll fluorescence magnitude
chlorophyll fluorescence index
state transition reflectance
is like.
　The size of the chlorophyll fluorescence, the magnitude of the chlorophyll fluorescence excited by sunlight may be the (solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF )), chlorophyll fluorescence using a laser or LED rather than sunlight may excite .
　Chlorophyll fluorescence index chlorophyll fluorescence was measured in several wavelengths, for example 685 nm, is used to represent the ratio of the two wavelengths of 735 nm.
　In the present embodiment will be described by way of example of obtaining PRI.
[0041]
　PRI is obtained by indexing the spectral reflectance varies with the de-epoxidation of xanthophyll cycle. Xanthophyll cycle is a mechanism that releases such pores clogging due to strong light or water stress, the excess optical energy that can not be photosynthesis as heat.
　Here PRI
　is, PRI = (R570-R531) / (R570 + R531)
shall be calculated as. Incidentally, "R570" reflected light intensity of the wavelength 570 nm, "R531" is a reflected light intensity of wavelength 531 nm.
[0042]
　Thus vegetation index calculation unit 22, an image of the wavelength 570nm in the image file Ref, M1, M2 · · ·, using the image of the wavelength 531 nm, vegetation index image file Ref_P by value of PRI, M1_P, the M2_P · · · generated.
　Generates a vegetation index image file Ref_P from the image file Ref in FIG. 3, it has been shown to produce a vegetation index image file M1_P from the image file M1.
　That these vegetation index image file, "λ1" images (e.g. images of wavelength 570 nm), determined using the "λ2" images (e.g. images of wavelength 531 nm). The value of each pixel constituting the respective images (luminance value corresponding to the reflected light intensity), the operation of the above PRI, obtaining the PRI value of each pixel as a vegetation index image. File that contains the image data of PRI values for each that pixel, a vegetation index image file.
　In the case of a PRI value of the defined, and which also increases PRI value when the stress is increased.
[0043]
　Vegetation index computation unit 22 of these vegetation index image file obtained is temporarily stored in the vegetation index buffer 23.
[0044]
　In addition, it keeps supplemented with respect to chlorophyll fluorescence as another index.
　It is also possible to perform the stress detected using chlorophyll fluorescence. Chlorophyll fluorescence in the fluorescence emitted from the plant with the plant photosynthesis, the electrons by light is not energy is extracted within a predetermined time after the reaction center excited, in higher plants energy as fluorescence wavelength around 680 nm ~ 770 nm emission is a phenomenon that is.
　0.5% to 3% energy emitted whereas the energy of the input light, varies depending on the state of plant photosynthesis, Tsuyoko or excessive optical energy which can not be photosynthesis such pore blockage due to water stress It increases in many cases.
　Both PRI and chlorophyll fluorescence is a reaction to change in a few minutes to the stress can be seen.
　Further, the normalized vegetation index (NDVI: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) using a, without discernable instantaneous stress, may be utilized to permanent stress appears as a growth difference as a result.
　Vegetation index calculator 22, a vegetation index image file according to a value other than these PRI, may be obtained by using an image file Ref, M1, M2 · · · obtained.
[0045]
　Category acquiring unit 24 of the information generating apparatus 1 acquires the sorting information PI as described above. The classification information PI is information for distinguishing the vegetation index image file stored in the vegetation index buffer 23.
　At least the sorting information PI, what file is the vegetation index image file Ref_P corresponding to the reference area Aref, vegetation index image file M1_P which files corresponding to the measured area A1, A2 · · ·, a M2_P · · · distinguishing the information.
　Classification information PI as described above may be supplied from the irrigation control unit 10. There is also a case where the image file by the image acquisition unit 21 acquires (Ref, M1, M2 ···) in the tag information TG is used as the sorting information PI. Although further not shown in FIG. 1, there is a case where the input information by the staff are sorting information PI.
　Category acquisition unit 24 supplies classification information PI, or the information for the generated file specified on the basis of the sorting information PI to the reference value calculating unit 25.
[0046]
　Reference value calculation unit 25 calculates a reference vegetation information used to obtain the environmental stress information (reference value Vref).
　Reference value Vref is calculated by using the vegetation index image file Ref_P. Therefore reference value Vref on the basis of the information from the classification acquisition unit 24, among the vegetation index image file stored in the vegetation index buffer 23, and selects the vegetation index image file Ref_P corresponding to the reference area Aref read out.
　And calculates the reference value Vref with the value of each pixel of the image data in the vegetation index image file Ref_P, i.e. the PRI value of each part in the reference area Aref.
[0047]
　Reference value Vref, for example it is conceivable that the average value of each pixel (pixel) values of the image of the vegetation index image file Ref_P. For example simply the average of all the pixels and the reference value Vref.
　The processing of this embodiment, although it is an object of the stress measurements on plants, in some cases it contains a part of the soil in the captured image. Image of a portion of the soil, the pixel value of the vegetation index image corresponding to the portion of the soil in other words, has a noise as PRI value of the plant.
　Therefore soil extracts only excluded locations is reflected plant (pixels), the average value of the PRI value of the extracted pixels determined, it may be as a reference value Vref.
　To determine the portion of the plant parts and soil in the image, it is also conceivable to use other vegetation index (eg NDVI).
[0048]
　Further, the average value by extracting only portions which day plants is striking, or as a reference value Vref.
　Alternatively, the average value by extracting only place that does not hit the day of the plant, may be used as the reference value Vref.
　These are, for example, after having determined the plant and soil in other vegetation index such as NDVI, it is possible by a method such as selecting or select the high luminance pixels, or a low pixel brightness.
[0049]
　Difference calculation unit 26 uses the reference value Vref to the reference value calculating unit 25 is calculated, the measured area is stored in the vegetation index buffer 23 A1, A2 · · · of the vegetation index image file M1_P, the M1_P · · · Te to calculate the stress values for each of the measurement areas A1, A2 · · ·.
　Figure 3 shows that to produce a stress information about the measured area A1, as a difference image file M1_DP obtained as the difference vegetation index image file M1_P and the reference value Vref.
　Specifically, the image stress information about the measured area A1, for each of the pixel values of vegetation index image file M1_P, obtains a difference value obtained by subtracting the reference value Vref, the difference value is directly set to the pixel value It is generated as data. The image data to the difference image file M1_DP.
　Similarly, stress information about the measured area A2, for each of the pixel values of vegetation index image file M2_P, a difference value obtained by subtracting the reference value Vref determined as the image data that this difference value is directly set to the pixel value It is generated. The image data to the difference image file M2_DP.
[0050]
　Differential image file M1_DP a stress information obtained for each of the measurement areas A1, A2 ···, M2_DP ··· are stored in the output buffer 27.
[0051]
　Differential image file M1_DP stored in the output buffer 27, M2_DP ···, for example due to staff operations, output from the image output unit 28 as output image information Pout. For example or displayed on the monitor display, or transmitted to another information processing apparatus, or stored in a storage medium in the storage device.
　This output image is an image corresponding to the difference value for each pixel obtained by the difference calculation section 26. Thus the output image, based on the absence of water stress reference area Aref, for the measurement zone A1, A2 · · · which may have water stress, the image representing the degree of water stress of each part of the vegetation.
[0052]
　The differential image file M1_DP stored in the output buffer 27, for M2_DP · · ·, for example, depending on the staff operating, it may be be processed by the output data generating unit 29. For example, the output data generating unit 29, the average value of each pixel value of the differential image file M1_DP, representative value, maximum value, minimum value, calculated and centroid value is indicative of water stress on the measured area A1 these 0 it may be output as the output data Dout.
　Or output data generating unit 29 further analyzes the difference value of the difference image file M1_DP, observation information water stress, as distribution of within the measured area A1, generates other information, the output data Dout it may be. These, so diverse or advanced analytical information is obtained.
[0053]
　First information generating apparatus 1 of the embodiment of the arrangement of Figure 1 described above, separate from the field to be measured, the specific environmental stresses to be calculated (water stress) only the reference different conditions individuals (reference area Aref) It performs a measurement, and calculates the vegetation of environmental stress (water stress) from the difference.
　The reference value Vref is, for example, the average value of the calculation result of the vegetation index reference area Aref water stress was sufficiently irrigated as not occur, by subtracting from the calculation results of the vegetation index for each of the measurement zones, water stress is different calculating a difference between different individuals.
[0054]
　Incidentally, at this time, measurement time (time of imaging by the imaging device 250) by substantially the same (same time zone), other environmental stresses such as temperature and sunshine are the same condition. That reference area Aref by aircraft 200, to be measured areas A1, A2 · · ·, by gradually captured continuously in a short time in order, it picked up when the image file Ref, M1, M2 · · · vegetation index (vegetation index image file Ref_P, M1_P, M2_P ···) which is calculated based on the results in other conditions can be regarded as vegetation index of only different states of water stress in the same.
[0055]
　Information generating apparatus 1 having the functional configuration shown in FIG. 1 described above is realized by the hardware configuration of the computer apparatus 100 as shown in FIG. 4, for example.
[0056]
　Computer 100 as shown in FIG. 4, CPU (Central Processing Unit) 51 , ROM (Read Only Memory) 52, configured with a RAM (Random Access Memory) 53.
　CPU51 executes various processes in accordance with a program loaded a program stored in the ROM52 or from the storage unit 59, the RAM 53. RAM53 also include, CPU 51 is also appropriately stores data necessary in the execution of various processes.
　CPU 51, ROM 52, and RAM53 are connected to each other via a bus 54. The bus 54 is also output interface 55 is also connected.
[0057]
　Output interface 55, a display 56 composed of a liquid crystal panel or an organic EL panel, a keyboard, an input unit 57 and a mouse, a speaker 58, HDD, etc. from a storage unit 59, a like communication unit 60 is connectable is there.
[0058]
　Display 56 may be integral with the computer device 100 may be a device separate from. For example display of the output image Pout, the display of the output data Dout is performed.
　Input unit 57 refers to an input device that the user used to use the computer device 100.
　The communication unit 60 performs communication between the communication processing or through a network including the Internet, a peripheral each part of the device. For example it is possible also, including communicating with the imaging apparatus 250.
[0059]
　Also the input-output interface 55 is connected with a drive 61 as required, the memory card 62 is mounted, a computer program read from the memory card 62, or is installed as necessary in the storage unit 59, CPU 51 in processed data is stored. Of course the drive 61, magnetic disk, optical disk, or may be a recording and reproducing drive for a removable storage medium such as a magneto-optical disk.
[0060]
　In such a hardware configuration, the processing of the information generating apparatus 1 of the embodiment, i.e., the image acquisition unit 21 of FIG. 1, vegetation index calculation unit 22, segment acquisition section 24, the reference value calculation unit 25, difference calculation unit 26 , it is possible to perform image output unit 28, the processing as output data generating unit 29. That these processes are implemented by software which is activated by the CPU 51. The program constituting the software or downloaded from the network, and or read from the removable storage medium is installed in the computer device 100 in FIG. Alternatively the program may be previously stored in the HDD or the like as a storage unit 59. And that the program is started in the CPU 51, functions of the respective units are expressed.
　The vegetation index buffer 23, output buffer 27 is implemented, for example, by using a storage area of the RAM 53.
[0061]
　Image file Ref, M1, M2 · · · and the like are stored or received by the communication unit 60, for example the storage unit 59 is read from the storage medium by the drive 61. CPU51 having a function as an image acquisition unit 21, among such the captured image file, and acquires an image file necessary for the stress information generation.
　Classification information PI is also similar. Alternatively sorting information PI may also be incorporated as an operator input using the input unit 57.
　The image output unit 28, the output of information by the output data generating unit 29, or is outputted as an image or sound by the display 56, a speaker 58, or stored in the storage unit 59, or transmitted to an external device by the communication unit 60, the drive It will be performed in various forms that are stored in the storage medium by 61.
[0062]
　The information generating apparatus 1 of the embodiment is not limited to the information processing apparatus of the hardware configuration shown in FIG. 4 (computer apparatus) 100 is composed of a single, a plurality of computer devices is systematized configuration may be. A plurality of computer device may be a system by LAN or the like, may be those that are remotely located with VPN (Virtual Private Network) or the like using the Internet or the like. The plurality of computer devices may include a computer capable devices used by cloud computing services.
　The computer device 100 in FIG. 4, stationary, personal computers of the notebook type or the like, can be implemented as a portable terminal such as a tablet and smartphones. Further measuring device having a function as a computer apparatus 100, a television device, a monitor device, an imaging device, in electronic equipment such as equipment management apparatus, it is possible to mount the information generating apparatus 1 of the present embodiment.
[0063]
　Examples of stress information generation process performed by the information generating apparatus 1 will be described.
　5 and 6 are CPU51 processes of a computer system 100 having the function shown in FIG. 1 as an information generating device 1.
[0064]
　CPU51 reads the sorting information PI that has been transmitted from a step S101 for example irrigation controller 10 or the like. That is, information for discriminating the irrigation control division, specifically to obtain information for distinguishing the reference area Aref and the measured area A1, A2 · · ·.
[0065]
　In step S102 CPU 51 reads a spectroscopic measurement image file for use in processing. That is, the image file Ref As described above, M1, M2 · · · is the spectral measurement image file to be processed, reads one of which (for example the image files Ref). Specifically, the process of reading image file Ref from among image files Ref, M1, M2 · · · are stored in the transmission storing unit 59 or the like from the image pickup device 250 and the like.
　In step S103 CPU 51 reads the tag information TG added to the image file Ref read.
　Tag information is used as information for distinguishing the reference area Aref and the measured area A1, A2 ··· (sorting information PI) if necessary
[0066]
　In step S104 CPU 51 performs an operation of vegetation index based on the image file Ref. If the product has been processed for the image file Ref would determine the vegetation index of the reference area Aref at step S104.
[0067]
　A processing example of the vegetation index calculation (for PRI) is shown in FIG.
　Figure 6 shows a process of generating a single vegetation index image file from one image file. That CPU51 generates vegetation index image file Ref_P performs processing of FIG. 6 for an image file Ref.
[0068]
　In step S141 of FIG. 6 CPU 51 is spectroscopic measurement image file (in this case, the image file Ref) as a measurement value of the wavelength of 570nm of read the value of one pixel.
　In step S142 CPU 51 is spectroscopic measurement image file (in this case, the image file Ref) reads the value of one pixel (one pixel) as a measurement value of the wavelength of 531nm for.
　And using values of these read one pixel, at step S143, performs a calculation of PRI = (R570-R531) / (R570 + R531), calculates the PRI value for that pixel.
[0069]
　In step S144 CPU 51 for all the pixels of the spectral measurement image file to be processed, it is checked whether finished the process. If not completed the process returns to step S141, it performs the same processing for the next pixel.
　By repeating this process for all the pixels of the spectral measurement image file, PRI values are calculated. That is, in the time it is determined that the completion of the operation of all the pixels for the image file Ref at step S144, so that the entire pixel value could be generated vegetation index image file Ref_P which is a PRI value. So ends the process in FIG. 6 for a single spectral measurement image file (e.g., image file Ref).
[0070]
　After performing the above processing in step S105 in FIG. 5, CPU 51 at step S105, writes the generated vegetation index image file Ref_P to vegetation index buffer 23.
　CPU51 at step S106, the vegetation index image file created currently, (whether it is "Ref_P") or which corresponds to the reference area Aref confirms whether.
　That CPU51 compares the information and the tag information TG irrigation segment obtained as sorting information PI, confirms whether or not to generate the vegetation index image file Ref_P.
　In this case, for example, by comparing the position information in the tag information added to the information and the image file Ref irrigation segment TG, be determined that generated this time is vegetation index image file Ref_P corresponding to the reference area Aref it can.
[0071]
　If it is determined that produces a vegetation index image file Ref_P corresponding to the reference area Aref, CPU 51 performs the calculation of the reference value Vref at step S107. That is reading the vegetation index image file Ref_P from vegetation index buffer 23.
　Incidentally, the vegetation index buffer 23, vegetation index image file Ref_P has only to be stored until the time to be read at least the step S107.
　And such CPU51 obtains the average value of all pixels of the vegetation index image file Ref_P read for example, to calculate the reference value Vref in the method described above. Then, the process proceeds to step S108.
[0072]
　In step S108 CPU 51 determines whether or not finished calculating the vegetation index for all spectroscopic measurements image file to be processed. The processing associated with other spectroscopic measurement image file returns to step S102 if not ended.
　For example then the image file M1 will perform processing of steps S102 ~ S106. Therefore CPU51 reads the image file M1 in step S102, reads the tag information TG in step S103, performs the calculation of vegetation index in step S104. That performs the processing of FIG. 6 an image file M1 as a target. This makes that the vegetation index image file M1_P corresponding to the measured area A1 is generated.
　In step S105 of FIG. 5 CPU 51 writes the vegetation index image file M1_P the vegetation index buffer 23.
[0073]
　In this case, CPU 51 in step S106, since the time created vegetation index image file is judged that does not correspond to the reference area Aref, the process proceeds to step S108 without passing through Step S107, the remaining spectral measurement image file Check.
[0074]
　Similar processing is performed for the image file M2 later, vegetation index image file will be generated.
　After calculation of vegetation index is completed for all the spectral measurement image file CPU51 proceeds to step S109. Here the measurement zone A1, A2 · · · of the vegetation index image file M1_P, sequentially for M2_P ···, performs differential image file M1_DP, the process to continue to generate M2_DP ···.
[0075]
　CPU51 reads a step S109 for example vegetation index image file M1_P from vegetation index buffer 23. In step S110, it subtracts the reference value Vref from the value of the vegetation index for each pixel of the vegetation index image file M1_P. Thus all of the differential image file M1_DP the pixel becomes the difference value is generated.
　CPU51 at step S111, writes the differential image file M1_DP the output buffer 27.
[0076]
　In step S112 CPU 51 checks whether or not have been processed for vegetation index image file for all of the measurement zones A1, A2 · · · of interest, if not completed the flow returns to step S109.
　The CPU51 at step S109, reads the other vegetation index image file M2_P from vegetation index buffer 23, at step S110, subtracts the reference value Vref from the value of the vegetation index for each pixel of the vegetation index image file M2_P. Thus all of the differential image file M2_DP the pixel becomes the difference value is generated. CPU51 at step S111, writes the differential image file M2_DP the output buffer 27.
[0077]
　In step S112, if it is determined that the completion of the processing for the vegetation index image files for all of the measurement areas A1, A2 ··· which was this time measured, CPU51 proceeds to step S113, the difference image file M1_DP, the M2_DP ··· Output. For example, the image as a difference image file M1_DP, and outputs the M2_DP ···, difference image file M1_DP, generates output data based on M2_DP ···, and outputs the generated output data Dout.
　Thereby, the stress information generated for the measured area A1, A2 · · · is output.
[0078]
　Previously described in FIG. 7 for field irrigation control unit according to the first embodiment here. Irrigation control unit (1ha (10,000 m 2 )) is a case of making a reference area Aref extent.
[0079]
　7A shows areas A0, A1, A2, A3 in the field. Each zone has been paved irrigation path 12-0,12-1,12-2,12-3, the irrigation amount by each irrigation set valve 11-0,11-1,11-2,11-3 it is adjustable.
[0080]
　In such a field, as the temporary irrigation mode according to each the place, weather and growing stages, the opening amount of irrigation set valve 11-0,11-1,11-2,11-3 50%, 60% shows a case of setting as of 90%, 70% in Figure 7B. However, since this setting water stress may occur as for each area A0, A1, A2, A3 not appropriate, by obtaining the water stress information for each zone, suitable irrigation amount can be determined.
　However, in this case, since the reference does not exist, it is difficult to accurately determine. For example, even result in water stress is small as a stress information for irrigation of 90% of the area A2 is obtained, it can not determine whether it is the best.
　It is to be noted that the 100% here in the value of the existing irrigation technique, location, weather and training or certain values that are not in accordance with the stage, or a set value that is not able to fully individually optimized for those conditions. For example A0, A1, A2, also differ in place and so on A3 means to use a uniform sufficient irrigation value. Be considered generally only place, irrigation amount required by the difference of the components of the drainage and soil of the place is different.
[0081]
　Therefore, as described above in the embodiment, to be provided with no water stress reference area Aref, it generates a stress information as difference information between the vegetation index vegetation index and the measured area of the reference area Aref.
　As shown in Figure 7C for this, for example, an area A0 as a reference area Aref, and 100% of the irrigation amount. Other areas A1, A2, A3, and the measured area A1, A2, A3, set the appropriate irrigation amount, respectively.
　By generating such information above as water stress on you, if you want to reduce the irrigation amount, irrigation amount is able to clearly determine appropriate.
[0082]
　For example differential image file M2_DP corresponding to the measured area A2, A3, (not much different That reference zone Aref) can not be observed a significant difference as M3_DP case they be measured areas is room for irrigation sufficient or further reduction There, the difference image file M1_DP for the measured area A1, when the significant difference is observed, the measurement area A1 is seen clearly that are too reduced irrigation amount.
[0083]
<2. Second Embodiment>
　A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
　Incidentally, the same reference numerals are given to the same constituent parts and already described embodiment in the description of the embodiments of the later, avoiding redundant description.
[0084]
　The second embodiment is an example in which the reference area Aref is each the measured area A ( "A" is a general term for A1, A2 · · ·), provided as zones adjacent to the object to be measured area A it is.
　For example, as shown in FIG. 8, reference zone Aref1 is within the measurement zone A1 is provided, the reference zone Aref2 is provided in the measurement zone A2. (In this case of the second embodiment, "Aref" is aref1, aref2 a general term for ...)
　Therefore, the image file M1, M2, ... of the captured spectroscopic measurement image, the measurement image of the image and the reference area Aref areas a (A1, A2 ···) ( aref1, aref2 ···) is to be mixed.
[0085]
　Incidentally, the second embodiment is an example of a case where the image of the measurement area A and the reference area Aref is imaged together. Reference areas Aref necessarily as shown in FIG. 8 is not limited to areas such as enclosed in the measurement area A, area sandwiched the measurement area A, or the like may be areas arranged next to the measured area A. That reference area Aref is only to be provided as the corresponding not separated from the object to be measured zone A zone as zone of the field.
[0086]
　The division acquisition unit 24 of FIG. 8, the information generating apparatus 1, an example in which input information from the input unit 33 is input as the sorting information PI.
　The input unit 33 is, for example, a keyboard that corresponds to the input unit 57 of FIG. 4, a mouse, or a remote controller, or a mobile terminal device such as a smart phone, capable of performing staff information input to the information generating apparatus 1 it is a device.
　For example, the reference area Aref for each object to be measured zone A is one of the information are arranged how is input as the sorting information PI.
　Staff After forming the reference area Aref in the field, it may be input information (position in the field, range information of) accordingly.
[0087]
　The image file M1, M2 ···, so that the image of the measurement area A and the reference area Aref is mixed. For example the measured area A1 and the reference area Aref1 is to be imaged simultaneously.
　Therefore, one of the image files M1, M2 · · ·, it is necessary to divide each image area as an image area and the reference area Aref as an object to be measured zone A.
　For this reason, the information generating apparatus 1 is provided with a function as an image dividing section 30.
　Image dividing unit 30 performs division processing based on the sorting information PI that segment acquisition section 24 acquires. For example, from the image file M1 as spectroscopic measurement image, it divides the image area of the image area and the reference area Aref1 of the measured area A1.
[0088]
　Vegetation index calculation unit 22 based on the divided image, performs calculation of PRI values, respectively, vegetation index image file Ref_P1, generates a M1_P.
　In this case, since the reference area Aref is provided for each object to be measured zone A, vegetation index image file Ref_P1 from the image file M1, M1_P is generated, the image file M2 vegetation index image file Ref_P2 from, is M2_P generated it comes to go.
[0089]
　Reference value calculation unit 25 calculates the reference value Vref for each object to be measured zone A. That using a vegetation index image file Ref_P1 to generate a reference value Vref1 used against vegetation index image file M1_P, also to generate a reference value Vref2 used against vegetation index image file M2_P using vegetation index image file Ref_P2 to.
[0090]
　Shows the stress information generating processing example of such information the computer device as the generator 1 100 (CPU 51) in FIG. FIG 9 is basically 5, is similar to the processing described in FIG. 6 (the same processing as in FIG. 5 in FIG. 9 are designated by the same step numbers).
　However, since the image of the reference area Aref in the image file M1, M2 · · · as described above are mixed, between the steps S103 and S104 in FIG. 5 (step S104A in Fig. 9), the image of the reference area Aref be so that the image segmentation S120 for dividing the image of the measurement area a applied.
[0091]
　For example CPU51 at step S120, using the classification information PI (including tag information TG), the spectroscopic measurement image of the image file M1, which pixel region is determined whether an image region of the reference value Vref1, the pixel region was an image of the reference zone aref1, the image of the measured area A1 other.
[0092]
　The CPU51 at step S104A calculates the PRI performs processing of FIG. 6 using the image of the divided reference area aref1, generates a vegetation index image file Ref_P1. Further CPU51 by using the image of the measured area A1 calculates the PRI also perform the processing of FIG. 6, to generate a vegetation index image file M1_P.
　In step S105A, it writes these vegetation index image file Ref_P1 and vegetation index image file M1_P the vegetation index buffer 23.
　Then the flow proceeds to step S107A, and calculates the reference value Vref1 using the vegetation index image file Ref_P1.
[0093]
　Thereafter, other image files if untreated, returns from step S108 to S102. For example, to perform the same processing for the image file M2.
[0094]
　For such a second embodiment, since the reference area Aref1 adjacent to the measurement zone A1, A2 ···, Aref2 ··· are provided, of the measurement area A and the reference area Aref image There are obtained simultaneously, it is possible to identify environmental stresses (e.g., water stress) other conditions (e.g. sunshine, temperature, etc.) to the same. It is particularly effective when agricultural land is vast. In actual farm operations, this method is useful.
[0095]
　Here, a case of the water stress and certain environmental stress, shows an example of the formation method of the reference area Aref in Figure 10.
　The Figure 10 shows the measured area A1, A2, A3, A4. Each the measured zone A, irrigation path 12-1, 12-2, 12-3 and 12-4 are disposed, for example, by irrigation tube.
[0096]
　Irrigation tubes filled with normal 1 ridge (50 cm-1 m) intervals, but fills only part two. This portion becomes the reference zone Aref1, Aref2, Aref3, Aref4.
　Incidentally, in addition to fill two, only parts having the reference area Aref, or as a short interval of thick ones or hole diameter of the hole in the irrigation tube.
　In this way, the area where sufficient irrigation to be partially reduced irrigation amount settings for the entire field can be realized at low cost.
　Incidentally, 50 percent open volume of irrigation set valve 11-1, 11-2, 11-3 and 11-4 in this example, 60%, and to setting and so 90%, 70%.
[0097]
<3. Third Embodiment>
　The configuration of the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
　This is because, in case the first embodiment as well as the measured area A1, A2 · · · providing a reference area Aref spaced, the imaging and vegetation index image file generation of the reference area Aref, the measured area A1 , it is an example of performing separately at any time the A2 ···.
[0098]
　For example, for the reference area Aref, it provided fixed point camera, performs imaging at predetermined time intervals. Of course not fly the aircraft 200 at predetermined time intervals and may be imaged by the imaging device 250.
　And continue to generate the vegetation index image file Ref_P each time. That vegetation index image file Ref_P reference area Aref that is generated each time (t1), Ref_P (t2) , Ref_P (t3) ··· is gradually generated.
[0099]
　The information generating device 1, the function as the image capturing time extraction unit 31, the time synchronization unit 32 is provided.
　Capturing time extraction unit 31, the image file Ref, M1, M2 · · · extracts the imaging time information. Imaging time information is input to the section acquisition unit 24 as the classification information PI. The imaging time information is supplied to the time synchronization unit 32.
[0100]
　Time synchronization unit 32, the imaging time information, and supplies the reference value calculating section 25 for calculating the reference value Vref.
[0101]
　Stress information generation process of the computer apparatus 100 (CPU 51) as such information generating apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 12. Basically Figure 5 is similar to the processing described in FIG. 6 (substantially the same processing as in FIG 5 in FIG. 12 are denoted by the same step numbers). However, since the image file Ref and the image file M1, M2 · · · are not continuously inputted, it is added processing to synchronize the image capturing times as follows.
[0102]
　Image file Ref reference area Aref is provided sequentially from the imaging device. Shows the image file Ref (t1), the image file Ref different time points as Ref (t2) · · · in Figure 11.
　These image files Ref (t1), relative to the Ref (t2) ···, CPU51 sequential performs steps S101 ~ S105 in FIG. 12, vegetation index image file Ref_P (t1), Ref_P (t2 ) · ... continue to generate a. However, it may not be performed in the calculation of the reference value Vref at this stage.
[0103]
　It is directed to an image file M1, M2 · · · of the measurement zones A1, A2 ···, the process of FIG. 12 is performed. In this case, similarly to FIG. 5, the processing of steps S101 ~ S105 for the image file M1, M2 · · · is sequentially processed 12 is performed.
　For example CPU51 performs the processes of steps S101 ~ S105 for the image file M1, produces a vegetation index image file M1_P.
[0104]
　At this time CPU51 at step S106B, it be determined that the target image of the measurement area A1, the process proceeds to step S160, the image file Ref of the reference area Aref captured with the image file M1 at the same time zone to select the vegetation index image file Ref_P. That this is a process to synchronize with the imaging time information extracted from the image file (Ref, M1, M2 ···) .
　This synchronization process, for example for the vegetation index image file M1_P, and vegetation index image file Ref_P (t1) is applicable as the same time zone.
　In that case in step S161 CPU 51 generates a reference value Vref (t1) using a vegetation index image file Ref_P (t1). CPU51 stores the reference value Vref (t1) as a value corresponding to the vegetation index image file M1_P.
[0105]
　Then CPU51, for example the image file M2 performs steps S101 ~ S105, generates a vegetation index image file M2_P.
　At this time CPU51 at step S106B, it be determined that the target image of the measurement area A2, the process proceeds to step S160, the image file Ref of the reference area Aref captured image file M2 at the same time zone to select the vegetation index image file Ref_P. And for vegetation index image file M2_P, and vegetation index image file Ref_P (t2) is applicable.
　In that case in step S161 CPU 51 generates a reference value Vref (t2) by using the vegetation index image file Ref_P (t2). CPU51 stores the reference value Vref (t2) as a value corresponding to the vegetation index image file M2_P.
[0106]
　Processing of steps S109 ~ S113 is the same as that of FIG. However, the reference value Vref at step S110, so that the vegetation index image file M1_P, reference value Vref (t1) corresponding respectively to M2_P ···, Vref (t2) ··· are used.
[0107]
　In the third embodiment, for example, suitable for vegetation measurements vast farmland.
　For example flight aircraft 200 for imaging of one of the measured area A is set to take a 10 minutes, when the measured zone A is 20, the imaging of the imaging time and the measured area A20 of the measurement area A1 It caused a difference of 200 minutes at a time.
　With such time the measurement of the measurement region A is applied, different the measured zone A occurs largely as the time measurement of the reference area Aref. Then, because the environmental conditions such as sunlight conditions and temperature changes, conditions other than the environmental stress is changed to be calculated by the measurement area A and the reference area Aref.
　Therefore imaging reference area Aref is to keep performing sequentially. Then it will be the image of the reference area Aref taken at approximately the same time as each of the measurement zones A1 ~ A20 are present, they makes it possible to obtain the reference value Vref corresponding the same time zone.
　Thus can be obtained by reference value Vref in the case where the environmental conditions other than the specific environmental stresses substantially the same, the difference image file M1_DP, the M2_DP ···.
[0108]
　In the processing example of FIG. 12, the calculation of the reference value Vref has been made in the step S161 during vegetation index image file generation of the measurement area A, vegetation index image file Ref_P reference area Aref (t1), Ref_P (t2) for each of generating ..., reference value Vref (t1), Vref (t2) ... it may be previously calculated and stored. In that case, when the step S110, may be a corresponding reference value Vref so as to select by using the imaging time information.
　Determination of the time zone may be set as a time width can be other environmental conditions regarded as substantially the same. Location of agricultural land, equipment, only to be determined in accordance with the climate and the like.
[0109]
<4. Fourth Embodiment>
　The configuration of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 13.
　This embodiment is obtained by providing the irrigation instruction unit 35 in the information generating device 1. Also not specifically provided the reference area Aref is in the field.
　Irrigation instructing section 35 instructs the irrigation amount to the irrigation control unit 10. Irrigation controller 10 controls the irrigation of the measured area A1 irrigation setting valve 11-1 controls and drives for the measured area A1.
　For example irrigation instruction unit 35, 100% irrigation as irrigation amount, 90% irrigation can instruct the like 80% irrigation. Irrigation controller 10 drives and controls the irrigation settings valve 11-1 according to this instruction.
　The irrigation instruction unit 35 is to tell the instruction information irrigation amount at each time the reference value calculating unit 25.
[0110]
　In this configuration, in the measured area A1, the captured image when the irrigation amount is 100% and the image file Ref, when reduced irrigation amount captured image (for example, when the irrigation amount 70%) Image It will be used as a file M.
　Stress information generation process of the computer apparatus 100 (CPU 51) as the information generating apparatus 1 is 5, the same as that shown in FIG.
　Except in step S106, determines vegetation index image file created is either a vegetation index image file Ref_P as a reference, or a vegetation index image file M_P of the measurement area A1. And if a vegetation index image file Ref_P as a reference, it is sufficient to calculate the reference value Vref at step S107.
　For example CPU51, since time is taken as 100% irrigation is known, may be handled the vegetation index image file generated by using the image file of that time as the vegetation index image file Ref_P.
[0111]
　Thus for the production of vegetation index image file Ref_P and vegetation index image file M_P when performing intentionally controlled to measure the irrigation amount described in FIG. 14.
　Period TM1 is a period to suppress the irrigation control state (for example, the irrigation by 70%).
　From the image file M to be imaged (spectral measurement image) in this period TM1, high stress response is observed as PRI value.
　The period TM2 is a period in which a state of temporarily increasing the irrigation control (for example, the irrigation of 100%).
　From the image file Ref imaged (spectral measurement image) in this period TM2, it reduces the PRI value, stress-free state is observed.
　Thus, by using a reference value Vref obtained from vegetation index image file Ref_P for this period TM2, by performing the difference operation between the vegetation index image file M_P for periods TM1, appropriate differential image file M_DP regard water stress obtained It will be used.
[0112]
　In the above fourth embodiment, by controlling the specific environment, specific environmental stresses depending on whether the change in the measurement value appears was intended to determine whether occurring. In this case, stepwise control a specific environment, (or, for example, a temperature, irrigation amount) configuration settings stress is eliminated by recording, environmental stress variable facilities this value as the optimal configuration values (e.g., irrigation settings it is also conceivable to automatically control the valve 11-1). Here, the environmental stress variable facilities, in order to directly or indirectly affect the environment stress of plants, the environmental conditions (water, temperature, CO 2 is a device for varying the density, etc.). Environmental stress variable equipment is not limited to the illustrated irrigation set valve, for example, lighting, heating, CO 2 also includes such generators.
　For example, in advance, to record the optimal environment settings in a variety of environmental conditions (except for the conditions that affect the specific environmental stress), if the difference value is positive (with stress) is most at that time to perform the control with the target value configuration value in nearby conditions. Specifically, it instructs the irrigation controller 10 by irrigation instruction unit 35, and controls the irrigation amount of the measured area A1 (irrigation set valve 11-1). In other words, environmental stress variable equipment, environmental stress of plants is controlled so as to change the state of the environment in a decreasing direction.
　That the irrigation settings valve 11-1 for adjusting the irrigation amount and the like based on the difference information of the reference value Vref by automatic control, it is possible to desirably irrigation control based on the observation results.
[0113]
<5. Irrigation amount setting>
　Next, we describe another example of the method for setting irrigation amount that can be employed in more than each embodiment.
　7 above for method setting irrigation of each zone has been described an example in FIG. 10, FIG. 15 shows still another example.
　Figure 15A shows the irrigation tube 120 to be used as irrigation channel 12. At the time of purchase irrigation tube 120, not particularly hole drilled. For example a drilling mechanism is mounted on the tractor to be used for installing the irrigation tube 120 to the field. And at the time of installation of the irrigation tube 120, so that it installed with a hole 120H as shown in Figure 15C.
　In this case, or by varying the spacing of the holes 120H, diameter a by a different, can be an irrigation amount different for each section of the irrigation tube 120.
　It shows an example of setting differently to irrigation amount for each section of the irrigation tube 120 to the 80% to 200% in FIG. 15B.
[0114]
　An example of using the irrigation tube 120 as in FIG. 15B shown in FIG. 16B. Figure 16A shows the same irrigation tube 120 and FIG 15B.
　The irrigation tube 120 of FIG. 16A, is used as the irrigation path 12-1, 12-2, 12-3 and 12-4 of the measurement zones A1, A2, A3, A4 as shown in FIG. 16B. Note that shows a state in which juxtaposed the plurality of irrigation tube 120 as a whole only the measured area A1 in FIG. 16B, the measurement zone A2, A3, A4 indicate only a part is omitted. However each of the measurement areas A are not limited to parallel arrangement a plurality of irrigation tube 120, may be intended to install a single irrigation tube 120.
　For irrigation set valve 11-1, 11-2, 11-3 and 11-4, 50% opening of the valve, respectively, 60%, 90%, and 70%.
[0115]
　In this way, it is possible to finely set the irrigation amount at each point of the field as shown.
　And if the area of the irrigation amount and the measured area A1, A2 ···, it is possible to obtain a water stress information (difference image file M1_DP, M2_DP ···) and for various irrigation amount.
　For example irrigation amount in the measurement area A1 is set to 50%, added irrigation amount to almost 100% of the reference area aref1, there are 40% to 90% of the area. If stress is not measured to 50%, optimum irrigation settings it can be seen that the correct 50%. Even if This not repeat the cut-and-try, such as performing a measurement while changing the irrigation amount, irrigation amount of how much is likely the best or not understand.
[0116]
<6. Breakage detection> irrigation path
　according to the information generating apparatus 1 of the way the embodiment, breakage detection irrigation channel 12 which is formed by the irrigation tube 120 and the like are also possible.
　For example, in FIG. 17 shows four reference zones Aref1, Aref2, Aref3, Aref4. Each reference area Aref1, Aref2, Aref3, Aref4 the irrigation amount is adjusted by the irrigation set valve 11-R1,11-R2,11-R3,11- R4. Since all is a reference area Aref, it is set to 100% All irrigation amount.
　The four reference zones Aref1, Aref2, Aref3, generates a vegetation index image file Ref_P from the image file Ref for Aref4, obtaining the reference value Vref.
　Since all the state of the same water stress, each of the reference value Vref, it should be approximately the same value.
　However example reference area Aref3 is irrigation passage 12 leading to the irrigation set valve 11-R3 is corrupted, and almost irrigation of the entire (hatched portion) is 0%. The reference zone Aref4, a part of watering path 12-4 is damaged, and adequate irrigation has not been performed in the shaded area.
　In this case, the reference value Vref obtained for the reference zone Aref3 or reference zone Aref4 becomes significantly different value as the reference value Vref obtained for the reference zone aref1, aref2.
　Thus when, as exemplified as the reference zone AREF3, Aref4, and the like damaged irrigation tube occurs, can be detected that the appropriate watering is not performed.
[0117]
　Thus a plurality of reference zones Aref in the first embodiment example, by comparing the reference value Vref from their reference area Aref, it is possible to perform the abnormality judgment reference area Aref.
　When abnormality in the reference area Aref is occurring, since the environmental stress measurement can not be performed appropriately, the abnormality detection technique is useful.
[0118]
　Further When abnormality is detected in one reference area Aref, it is conceivable to perform the processing described above by using the captured image of the other reference area Aref.
　Thus even if a part of the reference zone Aref becomes abnormal, it is possible to perform appropriate stress measurements.
　It is how many established reference area Aref, may be determined in light of the failure rate of the irrigation system.
[0119]
　Incidentally, although this example is an example of anomaly detection of the reference zone Aref, reference area Aref, regardless the measured zone A, albeit at different irrigation path, a plurality of zones having the same irrigation quantity, measuring about them results comparing the (e.g. PRI average value), it is also possible to perform abnormality detection.
　It is not easy to find the abnormality of the irrigation passage 12 by breakage of the irrigation tube 120, for example, in a vast farm. Therefore, it can detect irrigation tract abnormalities utilizing processing operation information generating device 1 is also suitable as a system utilized.
[0120]
<7. Other measurements of environmental stress>
　In the above embodiment, a case of measuring the water stress as certain environmental stresses have been described as an example, of course the embodiments for other environmental stresses techniques similarly applied it can.
　For example, it is also possible to measure the nitrogen stress.
　As in the first embodiment, when providing a reference area Aref, performs area set as shown in FIG. 18A. Reference area Aref is the amount of fertilizer is 100%, the measured area A1, A2, A3 respectively fertilization 90%, 80%, 70%.
　In a state in this manner was, by performing the processing of the first embodiment, the differential image file M1_DP for fertilization of how to determine whether a correct, it is possible to obtain M2_DP, the M3_DP.
[0121]
　When applied to the second embodiment performs the area set as shown in FIG. 18B. For example the measured area A1, A2, A3, A4 respectively fertilization 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%. The adjacent each zone, the reference zone Aref1 that the amount of fertilizer and 100%, aref2, AREF3, provided Aref4.
　In a state in this manner was, by performing the processing of the second embodiment, the differential image file M1_DP for fertilization of how to determine whether a correct, it is possible to obtain M2_DP, M3_DP, the M4_DP .
[0122]
　Of course, vegetation index is not an index that shows the stress such as PRI, index shows the growth results, may be NDVI.
　Once the line is seen the NDVI image when viewed with the naked eye, it can be determined that fertilization is not appropriate. And when the line of the reference area Aref is visible is because vegetation state of the reference area Aref and the measured area A is if it is different from the state.
[0123]
　Type of environmental stress measurable vegetation in the embodiment, in addition to the water stress and nitrogen stress, cold stress, heat stress, drought stress, CO 2 and stress due to shortage is envisaged.
[0124]
<8. Conclusion and Modification>
　The following advantages are provided according to the above embodiment.
　Stress information generation method by the information generating apparatus 1 of the embodiment, (S104 in FIG. 5, FIG. 6) vegetation information acquisition procedure for obtaining the vegetation information using the captured image of the vegetation and, in the absence of specific environmental stresses vegetation reference vegetation information acquisition procedure for obtaining a reference vegetation information of the information (reference value Vref) (in FIG. 5 S107, S107A of FIG. 9, S161 in FIG. 12) and, as the information about the environmental stress, the possible states for a particular environmental stress difference acquisition procedure for obtaining the difference information between vegetation information and reference vegetation information obtained from the captured image of the vegetation (S109, S110, S111) and performs.
[0125]
　For example, such water stress certain environmental stresses determined reference vegetation information (reference value Vref), based on the the absence of a reference vegetation information about vegetation information obtained from the captured image of the area may have a specific environmental stress by obtaining the difference, it is possible to obtain information about the specific environmental stresses and relatively easy accurately.
　Particularly in environments in which a plurality of environmental stress, such as the field of outdoor can occur simultaneously, it is possible to understand the specific environmental stresses, to allow optimization of crop management using discrimination and the results of the environmental stressors Become.
　Further Thus, in a case where such reduction or reduction of fertilizer irrigation water is desired, the extent to which environmental stress due to their execution does not affect the vegetation can be accurately grasped. Thus providing very useful information for the reduction and fertilizer reduction of suitable irrigation water.
　Although described processing based on the captured image is not limited to the image. For example an image signal vegetation of the captured like waveband components can also be determined vegetation information using.
[0126]
　In the first and second and third embodiments, the vegetation information of the reference area from the captured image (image file Ref) of the reference area Aref, which is a state where there is no specific environmental stresses (vegetation index image file Ref_P) Ask. The Request vegetation information of the measured area (vegetation index image file M1_P, M2_P etc.) from a particular of the measured area is environmental stress is that there may state A1, A2 · · · of the captured images M1, M2 ···. Then calculate the reference value Vref with the vegetation information of the reference area Aref, by performing the difference operation vegetation information and the reference value Vref for measurement area, and obtains the difference information (difference image file M1_DP, M2_DP etc.).
　For example a part of the field and the reference area Aref. The reference area Aref is the state does not have, for example, water stress. The other part of the field and the measurement area A (A1, A2 ···), a state in which the irrigation conditions are different.
　By thus dividing the area, after the substantially similar other environmental stresses can be certain environmental stresses such as water stress to form different states. The reference by performing imaging at approximately the same time the area Aref and the measured area A, information from those captured image for example, to water stress (difference image file M1_DP, M2_DP etc.) can be obtained accurately.
[0127]
　In the first embodiment, the reference area Aref is provided at a location spaced apart from the object to be measured zone A.
　In this case, the reference area Aref a specific environmental stress is not zone, it is easier to the area where there may be particular environmental stresses to be measured zone A.
　For example by providing a reference area Aref as irrigation differs zones and the measured zone A, the irrigation by adjusting the irrigation amount by, the measured area may be a reference area Aref and water stress no water stress A setting of it is easy.
[0128]
　In the second embodiment, the reference area Aref, for each to be measured zone A, gave the example provided adjacent the object to be measured zone A.
　For example the same irrigation control unit as the measured area A, provided the reference area Aref.
　This by reference area Aref and the measured zone A, can be easily imaged with approximately the same time. For example it is possible to pay the reference area Aref the same captured image and the measured area A.
　In particular, assuming a vast farm, providing spaced reference area Aref as in the first embodiment, there is a case where the imaging of the same time zone becomes difficult to occur. In this case, in the reference area Aref and the measured zone A, there is a risk that other environmental conditions become different. To imaging as much as possible the same time to avoid this, or perform imaging of a plurality of flight 250, it is required, such as providing a fixed point camera in various places, equipment cost, operational cost increases.
　By such a second embodiment, without causing these costs, the reference area Aref and the measured zone A, it is possible to image at approximately the same time. That is, as an image of the reference area Aref and the measured zone A, it is possible in particular is easy and low cost that only environmental stress to obtain an image of different environmental conditions.
[0129]
　In the third embodiment, the reference area is determined as a reference vegetation information (reference value Vref), the same time zone and captured image obtained the vegetation information for performing a difference operation between the vegetation information about the measured area A Aref so that calculated using the vegetation information obtained from the captured image of.
　The number of the imaging device, the type, and equipment specific circumstances, such as performance, depending on the circumstances, such as size of the farm, for the measurement area A and the reference area Aref, In some cases that can be captured at the same time zone, the same time the band may not be imaged. When the time zone is different, by environmental conditions such as sunlight conditions and temperature changes, calculated specific other than environmental stress conditions to be changes. Therefore, so as to select the vegetation information for calculating the reference value Vref with the shooting date and time information added to the captured image.
　Thus even if you can not image the reference area Aref and the measured area A at the same time, the vegetation information of the measured zone A in substantially the same environmental conditions at the same time zone, the reference obtained from vegetation information (vegetation information of the reference area Aref it can be compared value Vref). Thus the difference information becomes a adequately represented values specific environmental stresses to be measured (e.g., water stress), it is possible to improve the reliability of the measurement.
　Note the same time zone may be set as such a time width other environmental conditions are substantially the same as estimation.
[0130]
　In the fourth embodiment, with obtaining the vegetation information from a first captured image captured when the absence of specific environmental stresses to be measured zone A (image file Ref) (Vegetation Index image file Ref_P), Request vegetation information from a second captured image captured when the possible states for a particular environmental stresses to be measured zone a (image file M) (vegetation index image file M_P). Then calculate the reference vegetation information (reference value Vref) by using the vegetation information obtained from the first captured image, vegetation information calculated from the second captured image (vegetation index image file M_P) and difference calculation of the reference value Vref They are to perform.
　In the same of the measurement area A, for example, certain environmental stresses water stress, etc. By variably controlling the information of a particular environmental stress by the difference calculation can be obtained with high accuracy.
　Also in this case, no need for a separate reference area Aref and the measured area.
　Also, dynamically controls the development environment, according to measured by changing the environmental stress, (not, for example, weather wait) regardless of the environment, it becomes possible to measure for a specific environmental stresses.
　In this fourth embodiment, in order to measure the water stress has been described an example of changing soil moisture to control irrigation of irrigation systems, the control of certain environmental stresses, the following techniques, such as can be considered.
　For example in order to measure the low temperature and high temperature stress, it is conceivable to vary the controlled air-conditioning temperature.
　In order to measure the drought stress, it is conceivable to change the controlling the air conditioning VPD.
　The CO 2To measure the stress due to lack of, CO controls the carbon dioxide generating device 2 can be considered to change the density.
[0131]
　In the first to fourth embodiments, described an example of generating image information as the difference information (difference image file M1_DP etc.). That is, image information representing the difference between the vegetation information and reference vegetation information obtained from the captured image of the vegetation state specific there may be environmental stress (reference value Vref).
　By generating the image information representing the stress condition corresponding to each location of such field can provide information to people (staff) can easily recognize the stress state of each location.
[0132]
　In the first to fourth embodiments, in the calculation of the reference vegetation information (reference value Vref), said an example of performing averaging vegetation state information no specific environmental stresses.
　By using the average value calculation process, for example by absorbing variations among solids in the reference zone it is possible to obtain an appropriate reference value Vref.
[0133]
　Reference information generating apparatus 1 of the first to fourth embodiments, to obtain a vegetation index calculation unit 22 for obtaining the vegetation information using the captured image of the vegetation, the reference vegetation information about the specific environmental stresses (reference value Vref) comprising vegetation information acquisition section (reference value calculation unit 25), and a difference calculation unit 26 to obtain the difference information between the reference vegetation information about specific environmental stress and vegetation information.
　This information generating apparatus 1, it is possible to determine the difference between the reference vegetation information about vegetation information obtained the status of certain vegetation from the measurement target area of the captured image as a reference. It is possible to evaluate the stress state for vegetation as compared to a reference state by this difference.
　The reference vegetation information is sometimes used as acquired in advance.
　Also, difference information difference computing unit 26 is generated may be one showing a quantitative numerical value may indicate a size relationship only as plus / minus. For example, in the case of plus there stress, in the case of negative it may be a value as indicating no stress.
　That difference information as long as it indicates the presence, absence or degree of stress.
[0134]
　In the information generating apparatus 1 of the first to fourth embodiments, it includes an image acquiring unit 21 that acquires image data by an external imaging device.
　For example, as an external imaging device, and aircraft 200 equipped with an imaging device 250, a camera or the like fixed point camera, or a person possessed is assumed.
　And receives an image transmitted by wired transmission or wireless transmission from these imaging devices, such as by reading from the storage medium, the information generating apparatus 1 can obtain the captured image of vegetation in the field. By acquiring the captured image as a processing target, it is possible to perform the processing as the information generating apparatus 1 in the computer device 100 or the like.
[0135]
　In the information generating apparatus 1 of the first to third embodiments, the captured image data acquired by the image acquiring unit 21, a captured image of the vegetation state information no specific environmental stresses, there are certain environmental stresses comprising a sorting information segment acquisition section 24 for acquiring PI for discriminating the captured image vegetation information ur state.
　The image acquired by the image acquisition unit 21, it is necessary to distinguish whether the image of the image or the measurement areas A reference area Aref.
　Therefore the location information, time information, accepted as sorting information and designation information manually input, so that it is distinguished in the image. Deals with images acquired by this correctly, it is possible to perform stress information generation.
[0136]
　In the information generating apparatus 1 of the first to third embodiments, on the basis of the sorting information PI, it determines vegetation information obtained from the captured image of the vegetation state information no specific environmental stresses, the determination vegetation reference vegetation information Request (reference value Vref) by using the information
　can be obtained from vegetation information Thereby the absence of correctly identified environmental stresses reference vegetation information. That it is possible to calculate the reference value Vref with the vegetation index image file Ref_P reference area Aref.
[0137]
　In the information generating apparatus 1 of the second embodiment, the captured image data acquired by the image acquiring unit 21, a captured image of the vegetation state information no specific environmental stresses, vegetation possible states for a particular environmental stress and an image dividing unit 30 that divides into a captured image information.
　That case of the second embodiment, the image files acquired by the image acquiring unit 21 (M1, M2 ···), the image of the image and the object to be measured zone A reference area Aref (A1, A2 ···) There are mixed. If the image of the thus one image and the measured area A reference area Aref in the captured image are mixed, and extracts division images of those areas.
　Deals with images acquired by this correctly, it is possible to perform stress information generation.
[0138]
　Third Embodiment of the information generating apparatus 1 of the, reference vegetation information for vegetation state information which may have specific environmental stresses (reference value Vref), it is determined that the same time zone and captured image obtained the vegetation information that is to be calculated using the vegetation information obtained from the captured image of the absence of certain environmental stresses.
　Third as in the embodiment, in consideration of the time zone by selecting the vegetation index image file Ref_P, vegetation index image file M1_P, reference values based on the captured images of the same time zone and M2_P · · · it is possible to calculate the Vref. This is because it can be a reference vegetation information in the case of substantially the same specific environmental stresses other conditions, such as for example PRI value, obtained difference image file M1_DP, M2_DP ··· are certain environmental stresses It is appropriate representation of the information. That it is possible to improve the accuracy of the measurement information of a specific environmental stresses.
　The first and second embodiments also, since basically possible to calculate the reference value Vref with the image of the same time zone, it is possible to measure the same high accuracy.
[0139]
　In the information generating apparatus 1 of the fourth embodiment, a field, it includes a state in which there is no specific environmental stresses, instruction unit for instructing to change state may have specific environmental stress (irrigation instruction unit 35) there. That is, controlling the irrigation, a certain field to be able to change the state without a state where there may be water stress.
　Thus, it is possible to set a state where no particular environmental stresses also the same area, the possible states for a specific environmental stresses.
[0140]
　In the information generating apparatus 1 of the first to fourth embodiments, the difference calculation unit 26, generates image information as the difference information (difference image file M1_DP etc.), an image output unit that outputs the image information It is equipped with a 28.
　By outputting an image, farm staff can provide information that can be recognized easily environmental stress understand visually.
　In the information generating apparatus 1 of the first to fourth embodiments, reference vegetation information acquisition section (reference value calculation unit 25), the state vegetation index calculation unit 22 there is no specific environmental stresses vegetation of a captured image and to determine a reference vegetation information (reference value Vref) by using the vegetation information from.
　This information generating apparatus 1, for example, certain environmental stresses the absence of such water stress determined reference value Vref as a reference, the reference value Vref for the vegetation information obtained from the captured image of the area may have a specific environmental stress it is possible to find the difference between.
[0141]
　Embodiment of the program of the present invention, the CPU51 of the computer apparatus 100, and vegetation information arithmetic processing for obtaining the vegetation information using the captured image of the vegetation, the reference vegetation information obtaining processing for obtaining a reference vegetation information about the specific environmental stresses a program for executing a difference calculation process to obtain the difference information between vegetation information and reference vegetation information to the computer.
　More specifically, the CPU51 of the computer apparatus 100, and vegetation information arithmetic processing for obtaining the vegetation information using the captured image of the vegetation, the reference vegetation information acquisition for obtaining a reference vegetation information vegetation state information no specific environmental stresses and processing, as information about the environmental stress is a program to execute the difference calculation process to obtain the difference information between vegetation information and reference vegetation information obtained from the captured image of vegetation possible states for a specific environmental stresses.
　That 5, 6 (or FIG. 9, FIG. 12) is a program for executing the processing of the computer 100.
[0142]
　Implementation of the information generating apparatus 1 of the embodiment is facilitated by such a program.
　And it can be such a program or a recording medium built in equipment of the computer apparatus or the like, stored in advance in a ROM or the like in a microcomputer having a CPU. Alternatively, it is possible to semiconductor memory, a memory card, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a removable recording medium such as a magnetic disk, temporarily or permanently stored (storage). Also, such a removable recording medium can be provided as so-called packaged software.
　Also, such a program may be installed from the removable recording medium to a personal computer or the like, it can also be downloaded from a download site, LAN, via a network such as the Internet.
[0143]
　Incidentally, the advantages described in the specification are not limited to a merely illustrative, and there may be other effects.
[0144]
　Incidentally present technology may also be configured as follows.
　(1) and vegetation information acquisition procedure for obtaining the vegetation information using the imaging signals of the vegetation,
　the difference acquisition procedure for obtaining the difference information between the reference vegetation information about specific environmental stresses and the vegetation information
　information generation method for performing.
　(2) In the vegetation information acquisition procedure, the said together determine the vegetation information of the reference area from the image signal has been reference areas and the absence specific environmental stresses, which is a state where there may be the specific environmental stresses seek vegetation information of the object to be measured area from the image signal of the measurement zone,
　as a reference vegetation information acquisition procedure, using the vegetation information of the reference area to obtain the reference vegetation information,
　in the difference obtaining step, the object to be measured zone vegetation information to perform the differential operation of the reference vegetation information
　information generating method according to (1).
　(3) In the reference vegetation information acquisition procedure,
　the said reference vegetation information for performing a difference operation between the vegetation information about the measured area, the reference area is determined to the same time zone and the imaging signal obtained the vegetation information is calculated using the vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal of the
　information generating method according to (2).
　(4) In the vegetation information acquisition procedure, together with obtaining the vegetation information from the first image pickup signal picked when the absence of the specific environmental stresses to be measured zone, the object to be measured zone the specific environmental stresses seek vegetation information from the second imaging signal obtained by imaging when the state in which may be,
　Wherein the reference vegetation information acquisition procedure, the first with a vegetation information obtained from the image signal to calculate the reference vegetation information,
　in the difference obtaining step, the vegetation information obtained from the second image pickup signal reference performing difference operation vegetation information
　how information generated according to the above (2).
　(5) the imaging signal is captured image
　data generating method according to claim 1.
　Information generating method according to any one of the above (1) to (4).
　(6) In the differential acquisition procedure, to generate the image information as the difference information
　information generating method according to any one of the above (1) to (5).
　(7) In the reference vegetation information acquisition procedure,
　in the calculation of the reference vegetation information, performs averaging of the vegetation state information is no specific environmental stresses
　according to any one of the above (2) to (4) information generation method.
　(8) the specific environment stress, water stress, cold stress, heat stress, drought stress, carbon dioxide insufficient stress is any one of nitrogen stress
　above (1) to according to any one of (7) information generation method.
　(9) the vegetation information, PRI, the chlorophyll fluorescence magnitude, chlorophyll fluorescence index, or any of the state transition reflectivity
　information generating apparatus according to any one of the above (1) to (8).
　(10) and vegetation information obtaining unit for obtaining the vegetation information using the imaging signals, vegetation
　comprising: a difference obtaining unit for obtaining the difference information, the the reference vegetation information about specific environmental stresses and the vegetation information
　information generating apparatus.
　(11) the specific environmental stresses is further provided with a reference vegetation information obtaining unit for obtaining the reference vegetation information using the vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal of the vegetation absence,
　the information generating apparatus according to (10) .
　(12) External further comprising an image acquisition unit that acquires a captured image data as an imaging signal by the imaging device
　information generating apparatus according to (10) or (11).
　(13) captured image data acquired by the image acquisition unit,
　divides the captured image of the vegetation state information is no specific environmental stresses, and an imaging image of the vegetation information of a particular state in which there may be environmental stress with a division acquisition unit for acquiring sorting information for
　the information generating apparatus according to (12).
　(14) the reference vegetation information acquiring unit, based on the sorting information, the determining vegetation information obtained from the captured image of the vegetation state information is no specific environmental stresses, by using the determination vegetation information obtaining said reference vegetation information
　information generating apparatus according to (13).
　(15) captured image data acquired by the image acquisition unit,
　A captured image of the vegetation state information is no specific environmental stresses, including an image dividing unit that divides into a captured image of the vegetation information of a particular state there may be environmental stress
　generation information according to the above (12) apparatus.
　(16) the reference vegetation information obtaining unit,
　the reference vegetation information for vegetation state information that may have the specific environmental stresses, it is determined that the time zone and the imaging signal obtained the vegetation information, of the specific It is calculated using the vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal of the no environmental stress conditions
　information generating apparatus according to (11).
　(17) a field, the a state without specific environmental stresses, including an instruction unit for instructing to change state may have the specific environmental stresses
　according to any one of the above (10) to (16) information generating apparatus.
　(18) based on the difference information obtained by the difference obtaining unit, having an instruction unit for controlling the environmental stress variable facility
　information generating apparatus according to any one of (10) to (17).
　(19) In the difference obtaining unit, wherein as to generate image information as the difference information,
　comprising an image output unit which outputs the image information
　data generating apparatus according to any one of (10) to (18) .
　(20) the reference vegetation information obtaining unit
　obtains the reference vegetation information using the vegetation information the vegetation information obtaining unit has obtained from the imaging signal of the vegetation state the absence of specific environmental stresses
　Information generating apparatus according to (11).
　(21) and vegetation information arithmetic processing for obtaining the vegetation information using the imaging signals of the vegetation,
　the difference calculation process to obtain the difference information between the reference vegetation information about specific environmental stresses and the vegetation information
　program for executing on a computer.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS
[0145]
　1 ... information generating apparatus, 10 ... irrigation controller, 11, 11-R, 11 - 1 and 11 - 2 ... irrigation set valve (valve), 12, 12-R, 12-1 and 12-2 ... irrigation passage, 21 ... image acquisition unit, 22 ... vegetation index calculation unit, 23 ... vegetation index buffer, 24 ... classification acquisition unit, 25 ... reference value calculating section, 26 ... differential computing unit, 27 ... output buffer, 28 ... image output unit, 29 ... The output data generating unit, 30 ... image dividing unit, 31 ... imaging time extraction unit, 32 ... time synchronization unit, 33 ... input unit, 35 ... irrigation instruction unit, 51 ... CPU, 52 ... ROM, 53 ... RAM, Aref ... Reference area, A1, A2, A3, A4 ... the measured area, 100 ... computer device, 200 ... aircraft, 250 ... imaging device

The scope of the claims
[Requested item 1]And vegetation information acquisition procedure for obtaining the vegetation information using the imaging signals of the vegetation,
the difference acquisition procedure for obtaining the difference information between the reference vegetation information about specific environmental stresses and the vegetation information
information generation method for performing.
[Requested item 2]In the vegetation information acquisition procedure, the specific from the image signal has been reference areas and the absence of environmental stress of said reference zone with obtaining the vegetation information, state has been of the measured area may have the specific environmental stresses seek vegetation information of the object to be measured area from the image signal,
based vegetation information acquisition procedure to acquire the reference vegetation information using the vegetation information of the reference area,
in the difference acquisition procedure, vegetation information of the object to be measured zone It performs difference calculation of the reference vegetation information and
information generating method according to claim 1.
[Requested item 3]Wherein the reference vegetation information acquisition procedure,
　the said reference vegetation information for performing a difference operation between the vegetation information about the measured area, the imaging signal of the reference area is determined to the same time zone and the imaging signal obtained the vegetation information It is calculated using the vegetation information obtained from the
information generating method according to claim 2.
[Requested item 4]And in the vegetation information acquisition procedure, together with obtaining the vegetation information from the first image pickup signal picked when the absence of the specific environmental stresses to be measured zone, the object to be measured area may have the specific environmental stresses seek vegetation information from the second imaging signal obtained by imaging when the state,
in the reference vegetation information acquisition procedure, and calculates the reference vegetation information using the vegetation information obtained from the first image pickup signal,
the difference the acquisition procedure, performs a differential arithmetic operation of the second vegetation information and the reference vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal
information generating method according to claim 2.
[Requested item 5]The imaging signal is captured image
　data generating method according to claim 1.
[Requested item 6]In the difference acquisition procedure, to generate the image information as the difference information
　data generating method according to claim 1.
[Requested item 7]Wherein the reference vegetation information acquisition procedure,
in the calculation of the reference vegetation information, performs averaging of the vegetation state information is no specific environmental stresses
information generating method according to claim 2.
[Requested item 8]The specific environmental stresses, water stress, cold stress, heat stress, drought stress, carbon dioxide insufficient stress is any one of nitrogen stress
information generating method according to claim 1.
[Requested item 9]The vegetation information, PRI, the size of chlorophyll fluorescence chlorophyll fluorescence index, or state transition reflectivity is either
information generating method according to claim 1.
[Requested item 10]And vegetation information obtaining unit for obtaining the vegetation information using the imaging signals of vegetation,
comprising: a difference obtaining unit for obtaining the difference information, the the reference vegetation information about specific environmental stresses and the vegetation information
information generating apparatus.
[Requested item 11]The specific environmental stress is further provided with a reference vegetation information obtaining unit for obtaining the reference vegetation information using the vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal of the vegetation absence,
the information generating apparatus according to claim 10.
[Requested item 12]Outside of the imaging device further comprising an image acquisition unit that acquires a captured image data as an image pickup signal by the
information generating apparatus according to claim 10.
[Requested item 13]Captured image data acquired by the image acquisition unit,
classification for partitioning the captured image of the vegetation state information is no specific environmental stresses, and an imaging image of the vegetation information of a particular state in which there may be environmental stress with a division acquisition unit for acquiring information
information generating apparatus according to claim 12.
[Requested item 14]The reference vegetation information acquiring unit, based on the sorting information, the determining vegetation information obtained from the captured image of the vegetation state information is no specific environmental stresses, the reference vegetation using the determination vegetation information Request information
information generating apparatus according to claim 13.
[Requested item 15]Captured image data acquired by the image acquiring unit,
an image dividing unit that divides a captured image of the vegetation state information is no specific environmental stresses, on the captured image of the vegetation information of a particular state in which there may be environmental stress with a
information generating apparatus according to claim 12.
[Requested item 16]The reference vegetation information obtaining unit,
the said reference vegetation information for vegetation information for a specific state in which there may be environmental stress, it is determined that the time zone and the imaging signal obtained the vegetation information, the specific environmental stress It is calculated using the vegetation information obtained from the imaging signal of absence
information generation apparatus according to claim 11.
[Requested item 17]Field, said specific and the absence of environmental stress, including an instruction unit for instructing to change state may have the specific environmental stresses
information generating apparatus according to claim 10.
[Requested item 18]
Based on the difference information obtained by the difference obtaining unit, having an instruction unit for controlling the environmental stress variable facility
information generating apparatus according to claim 10.
[Requested item 19]Wherein the difference acquisition section, generates the image information as the difference information,
comprising an image output unit which outputs the image information
data generating apparatus according to claim 10.
[Requested item 20]The reference vegetation information obtaining unit
obtains the reference vegetation information using the vegetation information vegetation information obtaining unit has obtained from the imaging signal of the vegetation state the absence of specific environmental stress
information generating apparatus according to claim 11 .
[Requested item 21]And vegetation information arithmetic processing for obtaining the vegetation information using the imaging signals of the vegetation,
a difference calculation process to obtain the difference information between the reference vegetation information about specific environmental stresses and the vegetation information
program for executing on a computer.