The present invention relates to an insecticidal composition comprising a
combination of an effective amount of Diafenthiuron and an effective amount of Etofenprox, in
specific weight percentages along with at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient. The
present invention further relates to a process for the preparation of such composition thereof.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding
the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior
art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or
implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] In the agricultural industry/field/ plant industry, insect and mite pests cause
significant losses to plants and plant products, as well as attack and annoy humans and animals,
and affect human and animal health by transmitting disease. It is a challenge for those involved
in plant care to control insect and mite pests in ways that protect the environment while, at the
same time, are effective in combating a wide spectrum of pests. While several environment
friendly active compounds have been identified and developed for use in the home and garden
markets as well as in commercial agriculture, many of these substances have a narrow range of
pest control, and thus require the application of multiple compositions to provide adequate pest
control.
[0004] Further it is known that there are large numbers of insects/pests which remain
potential threats to agricultural crops. To add, the nature, variety, behavioral patterns, mode of
action of the insects/pests vary with changing crops, geographical parameters. Any attempt in the
past to mix a number of existing insecticides has resulted in a trade-off between cost
effectiveness and the eco friendliness of the mixture. This has led to constant efforts towards
deriving insecticidal compositions which are low cost, broad spectrum as well as environment
friendly.
3
[0005] Acaris parasitizing agricultural and horticultural crops belong to the spiders,
having a shorter period of life cycle unlike the injurious insect belonging to the insects, have a
number of generations per year. As a result for which they develop resistance to various
acaricides significantly. For example, the acaris, mainly two spotted spider mite develops
remarkably resistance, resulting ineffective against various miticides. Predatory mites deserve
special mention in an agricultural country like India, where agriculture is always under the threat
of constant pest attack. Predatory mites of the family Phytoseiidae constitute a highly significant
beneficial group on account of their vital role in the maintenance of pest population below
economic injury level. Predatory mites are now valued with growers worldwide as natural
enemies that provide effective pest control in greenhouses and on agricultural crops.
[0006] In particular, important economic pests in agrohorticulture such as Tetranychidae,
which have a propensity to easily develop resistance against pesticidal agents due to their ability
to deposit large numbers of eggs and produce large numbers of generations which, themselves,
require only a few days for development, are of great concern. Resistance development in this
pest family is also favored by a high mutation rate and frequent inbreeding, due to minimal
migration. For these reasons, two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae koch), Kanzawa
spider mite (Tetranychus kanzawai kishida), Aculops pelekassi, and the like have acquired
resistance, to some degree, against almost all existing pesticidal agents.
[0007] Presently, there are various insecticidal compositions that exist in the market
which are used to fight with different variety of insects. These insecticidal compositions not only
increase the cost but also cause considerable economic loss due to their high cost per unit dose.
This problem is not only faced by India only but also is matter of concern in many part of the
world as well.
[0008] Further, individual insecticidal compositions act in a specific manner for
restricting the growth of particular type of insects. It is therefore required to have an insecticidal
composition comprising combination of insecticides which can be active against a wide range of
insects. Further, due to regular use of insecticides, there has always been a natural adaptability of
the insects in use, which results in use of increased amounts of insecticide. This results in use of
continuously increasing amounts of the insecticide, thereby rendering more and more negative
impact upon the environment.
4
[0009] Diafenthiuron, a thiourea class of acaricides compound, having chemical name 1-
tert-butyl-3-(2,6-di-isopropyl-4-phenoxyphenyl)thiourea, is generally used as insecticide in
agricultural industries. Diafenthiuron, is being used in insecticidal formulations alone or in
combination with other insecticidal agents against carmine spider mite, diamondback moth,
armyworm, bean aphid, whitefly, etc. Mainly because of its trans-laminar action, it controls the
activity of hidden pests in the plant canopy and on the underside of the leaves, consequently
controlling the insects and other harmful organisms affecting crops.
[00010] European patent no. EP0736252 discloses a pesticidal composition comprising
diafenthiuron and one or more pesticidal active compound. Further US patent no. US 9,072,302
discloses a pesticidal composition comprising diafenthiuron and lambda cyhalothrin. Also,
European Patent no. EP0942650 discloses a combination formulation comprising diafenthiuron
and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of benzoepin, nereistoxin-type
insecticidal agents.
[00011] Further, US patent no. US 7,205,289 discloses combination of diafenthiuron and
another pesticidal agent. International patent publication no. WO1997002746A1 discloses
synergistic pesticidal combination of tebufenpyrad and Difenthiuron. However, these
combination formulations have little effect against mites and thrips.
[00012] Etofenprox, a pyrethroid derivative having chemical name 2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2-
methylpropyl 3-phenoxybenzyl ether is used in pesticidal and insecticidal formulations.
Etofenprox is effective against a range of agricultural and horticultural insect pests and also used
in treatment to control a variety of flying and crawling insect pests. It has an insecticidal activity
and provides very quick killing action against various insect pests and has a significantly weak
toxicity to mammals.
[00013] European patent no. EP2457441A1 discloses a combination pesticidal formulation
comprising Etofenprox and S-methoprene. Further, Chinese patent no. CN101874486B discloses
a pesticidal formulation comprising spinosad and etofeprox in a particular weight percentage for
crop safety.
[00014] Various mixtures of active compounds are proposed for pest control in the
literature. However, the biological properties of these known mixtures are not completely
5
satisfactory in the field of pest control, and there is therefore the need to provide further
mixtures, in particular for controlling insects and representatives of the order Acarina.
[00015] There is therefore a need to develop a new synergistic insecticidal composition
comprising a combination of two insecticides which greatly enhances the efficacy of active
ingredients and is effective against various types of pests such as mites and thrips. Till date, no
one has disclosed an effective combination of diafenthiuron and Etofenprox in a single
formulation which has significant larval mortality, effective miticidal activity and long lasting
effect against a variety of insect pests and across agricultural crops.
[00016] Thus the present invention satisfies the existing needs, as well as others, and
generally overcomes the deficiencies found in the prior art.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[00017] It is an object of the present invention to provide an insecticidal composition
comprising a combination of Diafenthiuron, Etofenprox, in specific weight percentages along
with at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
[00018] A further object of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation
of said insecticidal composition thereof.
[00019] A further object of the present invention is to provide an insecticidal composition
effective against a wide variety of insect pests and mites.
[00020] A further object of the present invention is to provide an insecticidal composition
capable of exhibiting long lasting effect.
[00021] A further object of the present invention is to provide an insecticidal composition
capable of exhibiting high yield of various economically crops.
[00022] A further object of the present invention is to provide an insecticidal composition
capable of exhibiting improve profitability for farmers.
[00023] A further object of the present invention is to provide an insecticidal composition
capable of exhibiting enhanced efficacy, improved penetration and long duration control of
insects and other pests.
[00024] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a safe, non-toxic
insecticidal composition and method that will not harm the environment.
6
[00025] A further object of the present invention is to provide an insecticidal composition
which is cost effective and safe.
[00026] Another object of the present invention is to provide an insecticidal composition
which obviates the disadvantages associated with known art.
[00027] Another object of the present invention is to provide an insecticidal composition
which is inexpensive, dependable and fully effective in accomplishing its intended purposes.
[00028] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a process that is
technically and commercially feasible.
[00029] Other objects of the present invention will be apparent from the description of the
invention herein below.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[00030] The present invention provides an insecticidal composition comprising a
combination of:
(a) Diafenthiuron in an amount ranging from 15% to 35% by weight of the composition;
(b) Etofenprox in an amount ranging from 5% to 15% by weight of the composition;
and
(c) at least one agro chemically acceptable excipient.
[00031] The present invention further relates to a process for the preparation of such
insecticidal composition comprising the steps of:
a) adding said diafenthiuron in an amount ranging from 15% to 35% by weight of the
composition;
b) mixing said Etofenprox in an amount ranging from 5% to 15% by weight of the
composition;
c) mixing the at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient in an amount ranging from
60% to 80% by weight of insecticidal composition in a homogenizer mixer;
d) milling the prepared mixture obtained in step (c) using a conventional mill to obtain
an average particular size mill base; and
e) granulating the mill base in a conventional drier at a suitable temperature to obtain
the composition.
7
[00032] In an embodiment of the present invention, the insecticidal composition is in the
form of solid or liquid.
[00033] In another embodiment of the present invention, the composition is in the form of
water dispersible granules (WG), suspension concentrates (SC), wettable powders (WP),
emulsifiable concentrates (EC), granules, gel, suspo emulsions (SE), mixed formulation of
capsule suspension and suspension concentrates (ZC) and the like thereof. Preferably, water
dispersible granules (WG), suspo emulsions (SE) and mixed formulation of capsule suspension
and suspension concentrates (ZC)
[00034] In another embodiment of the present invention, the insecticidal composition is
applied by using at least one technique selected from the group consisting of spraying, rubbing,
dusting, pouring, mist blowing, soil mixing, dipping, drip irrigation and other irrigations.
[00035] In another embodiment of the present invention, the insecticidal composition is
applied for protection and control of mites, thrips, insect, pests and other harmful organisms on
various plants, including soybean, corn, sugarcane, alfalfa, brassicas, oilseed rape (e.g. canola),
potatoes (including sweet potatoes), cotton, rice, coffee, citrus, almonds, fruiting vegetables (e.g.
tomatoes, pepper, chilli, cucumber, squash etc.), tea, bulb vegetables (e.g. onion etc.), grapes,
pome fruit (e.g. apples, pears etc.), and stone fruit (e.g. pears, plums etc.) and the like thereof.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[00036] The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details
thereof are explained more comprehensively with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that
are detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing
techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein.
[00037] The present invention provides an insecticidal composition comprising a
combination of:
(a) Diafenthiuron in an amount ranging from 15% to 35% by weight of the composition;
(b) Etofenprox in an amount ranging from 5% to 15% by weight of the composition;
and
(c) at least one agrochemically acceptable excipient.
8
[00038] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in disclosing the invention, including
technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary
skill in the art to which this invention belongs. By means of further guidance, term definitions
may be included to better appreciate the teaching of the present invention.
[00039] As used herein, the term “plant” refers to any plant or part thereof including aerial
and subterranean parts of the plant. It is contemplated that the parts of the plant may be, for
example, flowers, fruits or vegetables, shoots, leaves, needles, stalks, stems, , fruiting bodies,
seeds, also roots, and that the parts of the plant may or may not be attached to the remainder of
the plant.
[00040] As used herein, the term “pest” refers to insects harmful to plants.
[00041] As used herein, the term “insecticide” refers to as employed in the specification
and claims of the application is confined to the means, which adversely affects the existence,
growth of the target organism. Such means may comprise a complete killing action, eradicate,
arresting growth, inhibition, reducing in number or any combination thereof.
[00042] As used herein, the term “effective amount” is that quantity of active agent,
applied in specific amount which will provide the required control of diseases caused by pests
and insects on commercial crops. The particular amount is dependent upon many factors
including, for example, type of formulations, the crop, disease sought to be controlled and
environmental conditions. The selection of the proper quantity of active agent to be applied,
however, is within the expertise of one skilled in the art.
[00043] As used herein, the term “control” as employed in the specification and claims of
the application is to be construed as meaning insecticidal or protecting plants from insect
damage.
[00044] As used herein, the term “WP” refers to a wettable powder, which can be a
powder formulation to be applied as a suspension after dispersion in water.
[00045] As used herein, the term “SE” refers to Suspo emulsion, which is a fluid
heterogeneous formulation consisting of active ingredients in the form of solid particles and fine
globules in continuous water phase.
9
[00046] As used herein, “WG” or “WDG” refer to water dispersible granules which can be
defined herein as insecticide formulation consisting of granules to be applied after disintegration
and dispersion in demineralized water.
[00047] As used herein, “SC” refers to suspension concentrates which is defined herein as
a stable suspension of solid pesticides in a fluid usually intended for dilution with water before
use.
[00048] As used herein, “WP” refers to a wettable powder, which can be a powder
formulation to be applied as a suspension after dispersion in water.
[00049] As used herein, “EC” refers to an emulsifiable concentrate, which can be a liquid
homogenous formulation to be applied as an emulsion after dilution in water.
[00050] As used herein, “SE” refers to suspo-emulsion which is a formulation containing
both solid and liquid active ingredients dispersed in an aqueous phase.
[00051] As used herein, “ZC” refers to a stable mixed formulation of capsule suspension
and suspension concentrates, in fluid, normally intended for dilution with water before use.
[00052] As used herein, the term “agrochemical excipient” refers to an ingredient,
additive, component or supplement, liquid or solid, suitable for incorporation in agricultural
compositions.
[00053] As used in the description herein, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes
plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description
herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[00054] As used herein, the term “combination” refers to materials added together with or
without substantial mixing towards achieving homogeneity.
[00055] As used herein, the term “mix” refers to adding materials together and achieving
homogeneity, and the term “mixture” refers to mixed materials achieving homogeneity.
[00056] As used herein, the terms “comprise”, “comprises”, “comprising”, “include”,
“includes”, and “including” are meant to be non- limiting, i.e., other steps and other ingredients
which do not affect the end of result can be added. The above terms encompass the terms
“consisting of” and “consisting essentially of”.
[00057] The terms “weight percent,” “wt-%,” “percent by weight,” “% by weight,” and
variations thereof, as used herein, refer to the concentration of a substance as the weight of that
10
substance divided by the total weight of the composition and multiplied by 100. It is understood
that, as used here, “percent,” “%,” and the like are intended to be synonymous with “weight
percent,” “wt-%,” etc.
[00058] In an embodiment of the present invention, the composition comprises of 15% to
35 % by weight of Diafenthiuron, preferably 20% to 30% by weight, more preferably 25 % by
weight.
[00059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the composition comprises of 5% to
15% by weight of Etofenprox, preferably 5% to 10% by weight, more preferably 6% by weight.
[00060] In an embodiment of the present invention, the composition is capable of
exhibiting insecticidal activity at much lesser amounts of Diafenthiuron and Etofenprox as
compared to the amounts when used alone.
[00061] Surprisingly, it has been found that the insecticidal composition of the present
invention has superior insect control at lower levels of the combined specific concentrations of
the active agents employed than that may be achieved when the active ingredients are applied
alone. The present invention involves expert selection of the appropriate effective amounts of the
active ingredients which combination alone imparts synergism to the resulting insecticidal
composition providing the unique properties to the composition.
[00062] Yet another embodiment of the present invention, the at least one agrochemically
acceptable excipient can comprise wetting agents, emulsifying agents, fillers, diluents,
thickening agents, solvents, coating agents, dispersing agents, preservatives, antifoaming agent
and stabilizers. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the additional
agrochemically acceptable excipients can be used without departing the scope and spirit of the
present invention.
[00063] In another embodiment, the agrochemically acceptable excipient is used in the
rage from 60% to 80% of the total weight of the present composition.
[00064] In another embodiment of the present invention, the wetting agents are selected
from the group consisting of sulfosuccinates, naphthalene sulfonates, sulfated esters, phosphate
esters, sulfated alcohol and alkyl benzene sulfonates and the like thereof.
[00065] In another embodiment of the present invention, the dispersing agents are selected
from a group consisting of polycarboxylates, naphthalene sulfonate condensates, phenol sulfonic
11
acid condensates, lignosulfonates, methyl oleyl taurates and polyvinyl alcohols and the like
thereof.
[00066] In another embodiment of the present invention, the emulsifiers can be of the
anionic, cationic or non-ionic type. The emulsifiers are selected from a group consisting of
ethoxylated and ethopropoxylated alcohols and nonyl phenols, ethoxylated tristeryl phenol,
sodium lauryl sulphate, ethoxylated tristeryl phenol phosphates, ethoxylated and
ethopropoxylated castor oil, calcium alkyl benzene sulfonates, proprietary blended emulsifiers
and the like thereof.
[00067] In another embodiment of the present invention, the fillers are selected from a
group consisting of diatomaceous earth, China clay, kaolin, bentonite, precipitated silica,
attapulgite, perlite and/or the mixture thereof.
[00068] In another embodiment of the present invention, the diluents are selected from the
group consisting of tone calcite, mica, soap powder, dolomite and lactose and/or the mixture
thereof.
[00069] In another embodiment of the present invention, the anti foaming agent is selected
from silicon emulsion based anti foam agents, trisiloxane ethoxylates, etc.
[00070] In another embodiment of the present invention, the thickening agent is selected
from group consisting of natural gums, resins, carboxy methyl cellulose, etc.
[00071] In an embodiment of the present invention, the insecticidal composition is in the
form of solid or liquid preparation.
[00072] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the composition can be
formulated, but not limited to water dispersible granules (WG), suspension concentrates (SC),
wettable powders (WP), emulsifiable concentrates (EC), granules, gel, suspo emulsions (SE),
mixed formulation of capsule suspension and suspension concentrates (ZC) and the like thereof.
[00073] In another embodiment of the present invention, the insecticidal composition can
be prepared by various processes depending upon the composition types.
[00074] In one embodiment of the present invention, the insecticidal composition is
preferably prepared by a process that comprises of following steps:
a) adding said diafenthiuron in an amount ranging from 15% to 35% by weight of
the composition;
12
b) mixing said Etofenprox in an amount ranging from 5% to 15% by weight of the
composition;
c) mixing the at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient in an amount ranging
from 60% to 80% by weight of insecticidal composition in a homogenizer mixer;
d) milling the prepared mixture obtained in step (c) using a conventional mill to
obtain an average particular size mill base; and
e) granulating the mill base in a conventional drier at a suitable temperature to
obtain the composition.
[00075] In a preferred embodiment, the conventional mill as used in step (d) is selected from
a group consisting of fluid energy mill, jet mill, pin mill, hammer mill and the like thereof.
[00076] In a preferred embodiment, the conventional drier as used in step (e) is selected from
a group consisting of spray drier, fluidized bed drier and the like thereof.
[00077] In another embodiment of the present invention, the mode of application of
insecticidal composition is by using at least one technique selected from the group consisting of
spraying, rubbing, dusting, pouring, mist blowing, soil mixing, dipping, drip irrigation and other
irrigations.
[00078] In another embodiment of the present invention, the insecticidal composition can be
used for controlling, i.e. containing or destroying, pests and insects which occur in particular on
plants, very especially in crop plants and ornamentals, in agricultural, in horticulture and in
forests.
[00079] In another embodiment of the present invention, the insecticidal composition can be
applied advantageously for pests and insects control in cereals, such as maize or sorghum; in
fruit, for example pome fruit, stone fruit and soft fruit, such as apples, pears, plums, peaches,
almonds, cherries or berries, for example strawberries, raspberries and blackberries; in pulses,
such as beans, lentils, peas or soya; in oil crops, such as oilseed rape, mustard, poppies, olives,
sunflowers, coconut, castor, cocoa or groundnuts; in cucurbits, such as pumpkins, cucumbers or
melons; in fibre plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; in citrus fruit, such as oranges, lemons,
grapefruit or tangerines; in vegetables, such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage species,
carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes or bell peppers, in the Lauraceae, such as avocado,
cinnamomum or camphor, or in tobacco, nuts, coffee, egg plants, sugar cane, tea, pepper,
13
grapevines, hops, Musaceae, latex plants or ornamentals, especially in maize, sorghum, pome
and stone fruit, pulses, cucurbits, cotton, citrus fruit, vegetables, egg plants, grapevines, hops or
ornamentals, in particular in maize, sorghum, apples, pears, plums, peaches, beans, peas, soya,
olives, sunflowers, coconut, cocoa, groundnuts, cucumbers, pumpkins, citrus fruit, cabbage
species, tomatoes, potatoes, grapevines or cotton, particularly preferably in grapevines, citrus
fruit, apples, pears, tomatoes and cotton.
[00080] In an embodiment of the present invention, the amount of insecticidal composition
depends upon many factors including, for example, type of formulations, the crop, disease
sought to be controlled and environmental conditions.
[00081] In an embodiment of the present invention, the insecticidal composition displays an
excellent insecticidal effect (including an ovicidal effect) against various harmful insects
and mites parasitic on useful plants, specifically vegetables, fruit trees, flowering plants, garden
trees, etc., for example, aphids such as Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii, Lipaphis
pseudobrassicae, Eriosoma lanigerum, Nippolachnus piri and Hyalopterus pruni: thrips such as
Scirtothrips dorsalis, Thrips palmi, Franklinleila occidentalis and Ponticulothrips diospyrosi:
lepidopterons such as Plutella xylostella, Pieris rapae, Marnestera brassicae, Spodoptera litura,
Spodoptera exigua, Autographa nigrisigna, Homona magnanima, Adoxophyes spp.,
Phyllonorycter ringoniella, Lyonetia clerkella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Grapholitha molesta,
Carposina niponensis, Chilo suppressalis and Ostrinia furnacalis: and mites such as
Tetranychus urticae, Tetranychus kanzawai, Panonychus citri and Panonychus ulmi.
[00082] While certain embodiments have been shown and described, various
modifications and substitutions may be made thereto without departing from the scope and spirit
of the disclosure. Therefore, it is to be understood that the present disclosure has been described
by way of illustration and not limitations.
ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
[00083] The present invention provides an insecticidal composition comprising a
combination of Diafenthiuron, Etofenprox, in specific weight percentages along with at least one
agrochemically acceptable excipient.
14
[00084] The present invention further provides a process for the preparation of such
composition thereof.
[00085] The present invention further provides an insecticidal composition capable of
effective against a wide variety of pests, insects and other harmful organisms.
[00086] The present invention further provides insecticidal composition capable of
exhibiting long lasting effect.
[00087] The present invention further provides an insecticidal composition capable of
exhibiting high yield of various economically crops.
[00088] The present invention further provides an insecticidal composition capable of
exhibiting enhanced efficacy, improved penetration and long duration control of pests and
insects.
[00089] The present invention further provides an insecticidal composition capable of
exhibiting improve profitability for farmers.
[00090] The present invention further provides a safe, non-toxic insecticidal composition
and method that will not harm the environment.
[00091] The present invention further provides an insecticidal composition which is cost
effective and safe.
[00092] The present invention further provides an insecticidal composition which obviates
the disadvantages associated with known art.
[00093] The present invention further provides an insecticidal composition which is
inexpensive, dependable and fully effective in accomplishing its intended purposes.
[00094] The present invention further provides a process that is technically and
commercially feasible.
EXAMPLES
[00095] The present invention is further explained in the form of following examples.
However it is to be understood that the foregoing examples are merely illustrative and are not to
be taken as limitations upon the scope of the invention. Various changes and modifications to the
disclosed embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and
modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
15
Example 1: Diafenthiuron 25% and Etofenprox 6% Water Dispersible Granules (WG)
[00096] 25.80 parts by weight of Diafenthiuron technical, 6.17 parts of Etofenprox
technical, 8.0 parts of Napthalene sulfonate condensate, 4.0 parts of di-alkyl naphthalene
sulfonate, 2.0 parts of Sodium lauryl sulphate, 6.0 parts of Sodium Ligno sulfonate, 2.0 parts of
Precipitated Silica, 10 parts of Sodium citrate and 36.03 parts of china clay were mixed
thoroughly with an agitator to get a homogenous mixture of all ingredients. Then the mixture
was micronized thorough an mill. Then the composition was dried and sieved to get water
dispersible granules having the following composition.
Ingredients Percentage (w/w)
Diafenthiuron Technical (97%) 25.80
Etofenprox Technical (98%) 6.17
Naphthalene Sulfonate Condensate 8.0
Di- Alkly Naphthalene Sulfonate 4.0
Sodium Lauryl Sulphate 2.0
Sodium Lingo sulfonate 6.0
Precipitated Silica 2.0
Sodium Citrate 10.0
China clay 36.03
Total 100.0
Example 2: Diafenthiuron 25% and Etofenprox 6% Suspo Emulsion (SE)
[00097] 26.36 parts of Diafenthiuron Technical, 6.11 parts of Etofenprox Technical, 5.0
parts of Octyl phenol Ethoxylate, 3.0 parts of Emulsifier Mixture of tristyryl phenol ethoxylate
16
having different ethoxylate contents, 1.0 parts of Tristyryl phenol phosphate ester, 1.5 parts of
Magnesium aluminum silicate, 2.0 parts of glycol, 3.0 parts of Ligno sulphonate,
0.25 parts of Silicon emulsion, 0.25 parts of a biocide, 0.08 parts of polysaccharide gum solution
and 51.45 parts of demineralised water were mixed thoroughly with an agitator to get a
homogenous mixture of all ingredients. Then the dispersion was wet milled to get a fine suspo
emulsion (SE) having the following composition.
Ingredient Percentage (w/w)
Diafenthiuron Technical (97%) 26.36
Etofenprox Technical (98%) 6.11
Octyl phenol Ethoxylate 5.0
Emulsifier Mixture of tristyryl phenol
ethoxylate having different ethoxylate contents
3.00
Tristyryl phenol phosphate ester 1.0
Magnesium aluminium silicate 1.50
Glycols 2.0
Ligno sulphonate 3.0
Silicon emulsion 0.25
Biocide 0.25
Poly saccharides gum – solution 0.08
Demineralised Water 51.45
Total 100.0
17
Example 3: Bio-efficacy study of Diafenthiuron 25% + Ethofenprox 6% WG against Mite
(Polyphagotarsonemus latus) on Chilli (Capsicum annuum)
[00098] The efficacy of the present composition was evaluated against Mite
(Polyphagotarsonemus latus) to study the bio-efficiency of Diafenthiuron 25% + Ethofenprox
6% WG on Chilli. The experiment was carried out on an agricultural field at Hapur, Uttar
Pradesh, India. The experiment was carried out with 9 treatments each replicated thrice. The
present composition was formulated based on Example 1 which comprises of combination of
Diafenthiuron 25% + Ethofenprox 6% WG at 1125 g/ha. The present composition was sprayed
on the Chilli crop and its result was recorded for 10 days with respect to the control on mites
population. The control of mites population on Chilli was evaluated in the test up to 10 days after
spray which resulted in 100% control on mites population. Data was recorded on Mite
population on 10cm apical twig and statistically analyzed and presented in Table 1. Table 1
discloses a trial structure and design formulated for the experiment.
Table 1: Bio-efficacy study of Diafenthiuron 25 % + Ethofenprox 6% WG against yellow
mite on chilli (Capsicum annuum)
S.N. Treatments
Dose/ ha
Averag
e no. of
mite/
leaf
% reduction /increase (+) of
yellow mite over
pretreatment
a.i.(g)
Formulatio
n (ml/g)
Pretreatm
ent
3
DAS
5
DAS
7
DAS
10
DAS
1
Ethofenpro
x 6%
+Diafenthi
uron 25 %
45.0 +
187.50 =
232.50
750 5.48
60.5
8
(51.
08)*
62.77
(52.37
)
62.77
(52.37
)
58.75
(50.09
)
18
WG
2
Ethofenpro
x 6%
+Diafenthi
uron 25 %
WG
52.5 +
218.75 =
271.25 875 5.36
66.4
1
(54.
56)
69.40
(56.39
)
69.40
(56.39
)
67.72
(55.35
)
3
Ethofenpro
x 6%
+Diafenthi
uron 25 %
WG
60.0 +
250.0 =
310.00 1000 5.52
74.6
3
(59.
52)
97.47
(80.93
)
98.55
(83.36
)
98.18
(82.41
)
4
Ethofenpro
x 6%
+Diafenthi
uron 25 %
WG
67.50 +
281.25 =
348.75 1125 5.28
78.7
8
(62.
55)
98.48
(83.16
)
100
(90.00
)
100
(90.00
)
5
Ethofenpro
x 6%
+Diafenthi
uron 25 %
WG
75.0 +
312.50 =
387.50 1250 5.52
83.3
3
(65.
89)
100
(90)
100
(90.00
)
100
(90.00
)
6
Ethofenpro
x 10% EC 100 1000
5.36
0.50
(4.0
5)
1.00
(5.737
)
1.20
(6.28)
1.50
(7.03)
7
Diafenthiur
on 50 %
300
600 5.44
74.2
6
78.60
(60.10
90.10
(72.20
66.40
(54.10
19
WP (59.
49)
) ) )
8
Propargite
57% EC
570 1000 5.44
68.3
8
(55.
76)
88.97
(70.58
)
92.65
(74.26
)
82.35
(65.13
)
9
Untreated
check
-- --
5.32
+
5.72
(0.0
0)
+6.92
(0.00)
+7.30
(0.00)
+7.38
(0.00)
CD at 5% level
(1.2
4)
(1.82)
(1.68) (1.95)
SE (m)
(0.4
1)
(0.60)
(0.78) (0.64)
DAS - Days after spray
CD- Critical Difference
a.i- Active ingredient
ha- Hectare
SE- Standard Error
*Data in parenthesis are Angular transformation
Example 4: Bio-efficacy study of Diafenthiuron 25% + Ethofenprox 6% WG against
Diamond Back Moth (Plutella xylostella) on Cabbage (Brassica oleracea)
[00099] The bio-efficacy of the present composition was evaluated against Diamond Back
Moth (Plutella xylostella) to study the efficacy of the Diafenthiuron 25% + Ethofenprox 6% WG
20
on Cabbage. The experiment was carried out on an agricultural field at Hapur, Uttar Pradesh,
India. The experiment was carried out with 9 treatments each replicated thrice. The present
composition was formulated based on Example 1 which comprises of combination of
Diafenthiuron 25% + Ethofenprox 6% WG at 1125 g/ha. The present composition was sprayed
on the Cabbage crop and its result was recorded for 5days with respect to the control on
Diamond Back Moth larvae. The mortality against Diamond Back Moth larvae on the Cabbage
was evaluated in the test up to 5 days after spray which resulted in 90% control of Diamond
Back Moth larvae. The marketed insecticides Emamectin benzoate 5% SG and
Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC were also tested and compared against the present composition to
evaluate the mortality against the Diamond Back Moth larvae on the Cabbage. After 7 days of
spray treatment, the present composition recorded 83% larval mortality as against only 67% in
Emamectin benzoate 5% SG and 72% in Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC thus showing a
remarkable enhancement in mortality rate for the present composition as compared to the
marketed ones. Table 2 discloses the trial structure and design formulated for the experiment.
Table 2: Bio-efficacy study of Diafenthiuron 25 % + Ethofenprox 6% WG against DBM
(Plutella xylostella) on Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) and comparative test results with
Emamectin benzoate 5% SG and Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC
S.N
.
Treatments
Dose/ ha
Avg.
No. of
DBM
larvae/
plant
% reduction /increase (+) of DBM
larvae over pretreatment
a.i.(g)
Formula
tion
(ml/g)
Pretreatm
ent
1
DAS
3
DAS
5
DAS
7
DAS
10
DAS
1 Diafenthiuron 60.0 + 1000 4.70 38.29 59.57 57.45 51.06 31.9
21
25 % +
Ethofenprox
6% WG
250.0 =
310.00
(38.20
)*
(50.50
)
(49.26
)
(45.59
)
1
(34.
37)
2
Diafenthiuron
25 % +
Ethofenprox
6% WG
67.50 +
281.25 =
348.75
1125 4.60
41.30
(39.92
)
67.39
(55.36
)
69.57
(56.76
)
63.04
(52.65
)
36.9
6
(37.
37)
3
Diafenthiuron
25 % +
Ethofenprox
6% WG
75.0 +
312.50 =
387.50
1250 4.30
74.41
(59.74
)
93.02
(76.30
)
90.70
(74.67
)
83.72
(66.67
)
39.5
3
(38.
92)
4
Ethofenprox
10% EC
100 1000 4.60
40.50
(39.50
)
45.00
(42.11
)
43.00
(40.95
)
35.00
(36.25
)
30.0
0
(33.
19)
5
Diafenthiuron
50% WP
300 600 4.40
60.00
(50.82
)
75.50
(60.81
)
70.50
(57.37
)
51.00
(45.54
)
35.0
0
(36.
19)
6
EM-1
(Emamectin
benzoate 5%
SG)
12.5 250 4.30
88.37
(71.5)
99.99
(87.42
)
92.02
(75.22
)
67.44
(55.27
)
34.8
8
(36.
16)
7
Coragen
(Chlorantranili
prole
18.5 100 4.30
86.40
(70.69
)
96.67
(79.90
)
90.70
(74.50
)
72.09
(58.41
)
32.5
6
(34.
22
18.5%SC) 74)
Untreated
check
-- -- 3.60
+3.70
(0.00)
+3.80
(0.00)
+4.90
(0.00)
+5.50
(0.00)
+6.2
0
(0.0
0)
CD at 5% level (1.12)
(1.89)
(1.66) (1.97)
(1.4
4)
SE (m) (0.38)
(0.62)
(0.56) (0.69)
(0.4
9)
DAS - Days after spray
CD- Critical Difference
a.i- Active ingredient
ha- Hectare
SE- Standard Error
*Data in parenthesis are Angular transformation
Example 5: Bio-efficacy study of Diafenthiuron 25% + Ethofenprox 6% WG against Red
Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae) on Brinjal (Solanum melongena)
[000100] The bio-efficacy of the present composition was evaluated with respect to
Diafenthiuron 25% + Ethofenprox 6% WG against Red Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae) to
study the efficiency of the same on Brinjal. The experiment was carried out on an agricultural
field in Rajasthan, India. The experiment was carried out with 9 treatments each replicated
thrice. The present composition was formulated based on Example 1 which comprises of
combination of Diafenthiuron 25% + Ethofenprox 6% WG at 1125 g/ha. The present
composition was sprayed on the Brinjal crop and its result was recorded for 5 days with respect
to the control on Red Spider mite. The mortality against Red Spider Mite on the Brinjal was
23
evaluated in the test up to 5 days after spray which resulted in 100% control of Red Spider mite.
The marketed miticides Spiromesifen 22.9% SC at 500 ml/ha and Cyflumetofen 20% SC at 1000
ml/ha were also tested and compared against the present composition to evaluate the mortality
against the Red Spider Mite on the Brinjal crop. After 5 days of spray treatment, the present
composition recorded 99% reduction in mite as against 89% in Spiromesifen 22.9% SC, 79% in
Cyflumetofen 20% SC and 89% for individual Diafenthiuron 50% WP at 600 g/ha on Brinjal
crop. Thus the recorded results are significantly superior to the individual treatment of
Diafenthiuron 50% WP as well as to the marketed miticides. Table 3 discloses the trial structure
and design formulated for the experiment.
Table 3: Bio-efficacy study of Diafenthiuron 25 % + Ethofenprox 6% WG against Red
spider mite on Brinjal (Solanum melongena)) and comparative test results with
Spiromesifen 22.9% SC and Cyflumetofen 20% SC
S.
N.
Treatments
Dose/ ha Average
no. of
mites/ leaf
% reduction /increase (+)
of red spider mite over
pretreatment
a.i.(g)
Formulati
on (ml/g)
3 DAS 5 DAS
7
DAPre- S
treatment
1
Ethofenprox 6%
+Diafenthiuron
25 % WG
45.0 +
187.50 =
232.50
750 90.61
79.76
(63.24)*
82.29
(65.09)
50.39
(45.20
)
2
Ethofenprox 6%
+Diafenthiuron
25 % WG
60.0 +
250.0 =
310.00
1000 89.38
95.09
(77.20)
97.86
(81.71)
71.60
(57.77
)
24
3
Ethofenprox 6%
+Diafenthiuron
25 % WG
75.0 +
312.50 =
387.50
1250 88.66
97.85
(81.69)
99.78
(87.27)
73.30
(58.86
)
4
Cyflumetofen
20% SC
150 750 91.19
77.07
(61.36)
79.53
(63.07)
62.03
(51.94
)
5
Cyflumetofen
20% SC
200 1000 88.04
92.96
(74.60)
96.73
(79.62)
73.98
(59.30
)
6
Cyflumetofen
20% SC
250 1250 90.28
94.88
(76.92)
99.57
(85.17)
76.31
(60.85
)
7
Diafenthiuron
50% WP
300 600 91.76
86.19
(68.16)
89.51
(71.08)
66.32
(54.50
)
8
Spiromesifen
22.9% SC
114.5 500 90.76
96.95
(79.99)
99.54
(86.07)
89.03
(70.66
)
9 Untreated Check -- -- 91.43
+ 17.21
(0.00)
+ 23.5
(0.00)
+
40.09
(0.00)
CD at 5% level (1.07) (1.43) (1.23)
SE (m) (0.35) (0.47) (0.41)
DAS - Days after spray
25
CD- Critical Difference
a.i- Active ingredient
ha- Hectare
SE- Standard Error
*Data in parenthesis are Angular transformation
Example 6: Bio-efficacy study of formulation of Diafenthiuron 25% + Ethofenprox 6%
WG against Red Spider Mite (Tetranychus urticae) on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
[000101] The bio-efficacy of the present composition was tested against Red Spider Mite
(Tetranychus urticae) to study the bio-efficacy of Diafenthiuron 25% + Ethofenprox 6% WG on
Tomato. The experiment was carried out on an agricultural field in Rajasthan, India. The
experiment carried out with 9 treatments each replicated thrice. The present composition was
formulated based on Example 1 which comprises of combination of Diafenthiuron 25% +
Ethofenprox 6% WG at 1125 g/ha. The present composition was sprayed on the Tomato crop
and its result was recorded for 5 days with respect to the control on Red Spider mite. The
mortality against Red Spider Mite on the Tomato was evaluated in the test up to 10 days after
spray which resulted in 95% control of Red Spider mite. The marketed miticides Spiromesifen
22.9% SC at 500 ml/ha and Cyflumetofen 20% SC at 1000 ml/ha were also tested and compared
against the present composition to evaluate the mortality against the Red Spider Mite on the
Tomato. After 10 days of spray treatment, the present composition recorded 95% reduction in
mite as against 96% in Spiromesifen 22.9% SC, 54% in Cyflumetofen 20% SC and 82% for
individual Diafenthiuron 50% WP at 600 g/ha on Tomato. Thus the recorded results are
significantly superior to the individual treatment of Diafenthiuron 50% WP at 600 g/ha and at
par with the marketed miticides Spiromesifen 22.9% SC and Cyflumetofen 20% SC. Table 4
discloses the trial structure and design formulated for the experiment.
Table 4: Bio-efficacy study of Diafenthiuron 25 % + Ethofenprox 6% WG against red
spider mite on Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and comparative test results with
Spiromesifen 22.9% SC and Cyflumetofen 20% SC
S.N. Treatments Dose/ ha Average % reduction /increase (+) of red
26
no. of
mites/
leaf
spider mite over pretreatment
a.i.(g)
Formul
ation
(ml/g)
3 DAS 6 DAS 8 DAS
10
DAS
Pretreatme
nt
1
Ethofenprox
6%
+Diafenthiur
on 25 % WG
45.0 +
187.50 =
232.50
750 118.90
62.79
(52.39)
*
63.47
(52.79)
56.82
(48.90)
47.09
(43.31
)
2
Ethofenprox
6%
+Diafenthiur
on 25 % WG
60.0 +
250.0 =
310.00
1000 117.33
94.92
(76.98)
98.09
(82.12)
98.25
(82.58)
95.78
(78.16
)
3
Ethofenprox
6%
+Diafenthiur
on 25 % WG
75.0 +
312.50 =
387.50
1250 118.81
95.99
(78.47)
99.43
(85.63)
99.43
(85.63)
95.19
(77.34
)
4
Cyflumetofe
n 20% SC
175 875 118.43
73.18
(58.78)
75.11
(60.05)
71.61
(57.78)
54.84
(47.58
)
5
Cyflumetofe
n 20% SC
200 1000 117.43
94.03
(75.85)
99.71
(86.87)
99.27
(85.06)
95.86
(78.28
)
6
Cyflumetofe
n 20% SC
250 1250 117.19
97.92
(81.83)
99.67
(86.67)
99.51
(85.95)
96.14
(78.69
27
)
7
Diafenthiuro
n 50% WP
300 600 116.81
82.55
(65.28)
88.25
(69.93)
88.42
(70.08)
82.63
(65.34
)
8
Spiromesifen
22.9% SC
114.5 500 117.76
96.84
(79.80)
99.83
(87.60)
99.43
(85.63)
96.52
(79.28
)
9
Untreated
Check
-- -- 117.67
+ 21.63
(0.00)
+ 37.01
(0.00)
+ 40.13
(0.00)
+
46.55
(0.00)
CD at 5% level (1.15) (1.22) (1.28) (1.05)
SE (m) (0.38) (0.41) (0.42) (0.35)
DAS - Days after spray
CD- Critical Difference
a.i- Active ingredient
ha- Hectare
SE- Standard Error
*Data in parenthesis are Angular transformation
For DHANUKA AGRITECH LIMITED
Tarun Khurana
Regd. Patent Agent [INPA-1325]
Dated: 28th July’ 15

We Claim:
1. An insecticidal composition comprising a combination of:
a) Diafenthiuron in an amount ranging from 15% to 35% by weight of the composition;
b) Etofenprox in an amount ranging from 5% to 15% by weigh of the composition; and
c) at least one agro chemically acceptable excipient.
2. The insecticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the agricultural acceptable excipient is a
wetting agent selected from the group consisting of sulfosuccinates, naphthalene sulfonates,
sulphated esters, phosphate esters, sulfated alcohol,alkyl benzene sulfonates and mixtures
thereof.
3. The insecticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the agricultural acceptable excipient is a
dispersing agent selected from the group consisting of polycarboxylates, naphthalene sulfonate
condensates, phenol sulfonic acid condensates, lignosulfonates, methyl oleyl taurates, polyvinyl
alcohols and mixtures thereof.
4. The insecticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the agricultural acceptable excipient is
an emulsifier selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated and ethopropoxylated alcohols
and nonyl phenols, ethoxylated tristeryl phenol, sodium lauryl sulphate, ethoxylated tristeryl
phenol phosphates, ethoxylated and ethopropoxylated castor oil, calcium alkyl benzene
sulfonates, proprietary blended emulsifiers and mixtures thereof.
5. The insecticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the agricultural acceptable excipient is a
filler selected from the group consisting of diatomaceous earth, China clay, kaolin, bentonite,
precipitated silica, attapulgite, perlite and mixtures thereof.
6. The insecticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the agricultural acceptable excipient is
an anti foaming agent selected from the group consisting of silicon emulsion based anti foam
agents, trisiloxane ethoxylates and mixtures thereof.
29
7. The insecticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the agricultural acceptable excipient is a
thickening agent selected from the group consisting of natural gums, resins, carboxy methyl
cellulose and mixtures thereof.
8. A process of preparing an insecticidal formulation as claimed in claim 1 comprising the
steps of:
a) adding said diafenthiuron in an amount ranging from 15% to 35% by weight of the
composition;
b) mixing said Etofenprox in an amount ranging from 5% to 15% by weight of the
composition;
c) mixing the at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient in an amount ranging from
60% to 80% by weight of insecticidal composition in a homogenizer mixer;
d) milling the prepared mixture obtained in step (c) using a conventional mill to obtain
an average particular size mill base; and
e) granulating the mill base in a conventional drier at a suitable temperature to obtain
the composition.
9. The process of claim 8, wherein the conventional mill as used in step (d) is selected from
the group consisting of fluid energy mill, jet mill, pin mill and hammer mill.
10. The process of claim 8, wherein the conventional drier as used in step (e) is selected from
the group consisting of spray drier and fluidized bed drier.
11. The insecticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is in the form of
emulsion concentrates (EC), wettable powders (WP), suspoemulsions (SE), microemulsions,
capsulated suspension, water dispersible granules (WG), ZC composition, pellets, seed
dressings or emulsions for seed treatment, broadcast granules, gel, emulsion in water or oil
dispersions or combination thereof.
30
12. The insecticidal composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is a water dispersible
granule formulation (WG), a suspoemulsion formulation (SE) and a mixed formulation of
capsule suspension and suspension concentrates (ZC).
13. The insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition is applied to
a plant by spraying, rubbing, dusting, pouring, mist blowing, soil mixing, dipping or drip
irrigation.
14. The insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1 wherein application of said
insecticidal composition prevents and controls insects and pests in crops and vegetables.